Iconicity in English Lexical Category Phrases and Sentential Complementation from a Generative Perspective

Kyu-Hong Hwang(황규홍) 한국생성문법학회 2006 생성문법연구 Vol.16 No.3

  The generative view of autonomy of syntax has been criticized by most cognitive-functional grammarians and claimed to be incompatible with or unable to account for iconicity that exits in natural human languages. Given this, this paper attempts to explain some iconic aspects in English syntax from a generative perspective in an effort to argue against this cognitive-functional criticism. After examining "structure-concept iconicity" in lexical category phrases and sentential complementation in Newmeyer"s (1992, 1998) sense, I propose the following generative principles of iconicity, embellishing Hwang"s (2005) idea: (ⅰ) when a head is modified by multiple adjuncts, the fewer maximal projections of the head there are between the head and the adjunct, the closer the semantic relation between them is; (ⅱ) when a verb takes minimal pair/set clausal complements, the fewer and morphologically poorer functional heads(C and T) there are between the matrix verb and its clausal complement, the closer the semantic relation between them is. I then claim that Haiman"s (1983, 1985, 1994)"s iconicity of distance, a sub-principle of structure-concept iconicity, is compatible with generative grammar, to a large extent, in that it is well represented structurally in generative grammar outlined in Chomsky (1995, 2001, 2005): the semantically closer the two syntactic objects are, the more local their syntactic relation is in the light of hierarchical structure.

거리의 도상성원리와 영어여격교체현상

김광현,황규홍 새한영어영문학회 2001 새한영어영문학 Vol.43 No.2

An Iconicity-theoretic Approach to the English Dative Alternation Construction Kim, Kwang-Hyun · Hwang, Kyu-Hong This paper aims to examine the semantic and structural differences between the double-object construction and its prepositional counterpart based on Haiman's (1980, 1983, 1985) iconicity theory. The alternation phenomena have attracted a great deal of attention, and a range of proposals have been put forward to account for them. In particular, an attempt has been made among the majority of scholars to differentiate the double-object construction and its corresponding dative construction by resorting to the differences in verb meaning and those in relation between arguments. To achieve the above goal, in this paper, we attempt to identify the subtle meaning differences between the two constructions by way of the distance principle of the iconicity theory: "the linguistic distance between expressions corresponds to the conceptual distance between them." Namely, we argue that the double-object construction is used when the agent and the recipient are conceptually close, while the dative counterpart is used when the conceptual distance between the two is remote. This line of approach seems to be appealing in that it can explain the differences between the constructions more explicitly and systematically and in that it can also account for other alternation phenomena such as locative and conative constructions in a similar context.

성인에서 비만에 대한 자가 평가

황재경,김홍규,공희상,윤효중,황용하,이기영,정연실,이성광,박혜영,김갑환,최원철,강문호 대한비만학회 2002 The Korean journal of obesity Vol.11 No.4

연구배경 : 일반인들의 비만에 대한 자가평가는 객관적인 기준에 의하기보다는 주관적인 것으로, 이는 체중조절에 대한 부적절한 노력을 이끌 가능성이 있다. 본 연구는 우리나라 성인을 대항으로 비만에 대한 자가평가와 체질량지수를 기준으로 정의한 객관적인 비만도 사이의 차이를 알아보고, 비만에 대한 인식에 영향을 주는 사회환경적 요인을 규명해 보고자 하였다. 방법 : 가천의대 길병원의 건강증진 센터에 내원하여, 건강검진을 받은 561명 (남 341 : 여 220) 의 성인을 대상으로 하였다. 체질량지수 20미만, 20 ~ 24.9, 25 ~ 29.9, 30이상 (kg/㎡)에 따라 네 군으로 분류하였고, 설문조사 상 자신의 체형에 대한 인식 (마른 편, 적당, 비만, 매우비만)과의 일치도를 살펴보았다. 결과 : 대상자의 연령은 37±13세, 남녀 비는 1.5:1, 체질량지수는 22.7±3.2 kg/㎡, 복부-둔부 둘레비는 0.85±0.07이었다. 체질량지수 (20미만, 20 ~ 24.9, 25 ~29.9. 30이상 (kg/㎡))를 기준으로 한 경우와 자가평가 (마른편, 적당, 비만, 매우 비만)에 대한 일치도는 각각 56%, 52%, 49% 그리고 89% (kappa=0.26)이었다. 그리고 , 체질량수 25 kg/㎡ 이상인 비만인 남성의 44%가 자신을 비만하지 않다고 평가하고 있었으며, 체질량지수 25 kg/㎡ 미만인 여성의 43%가 자신을 비만하다고 인식하였다. 비만에 대한 자가 평가가 적절한 군과 그렇지 않은 군 사이에 연령, 교육 수준, 거주지역 등에 의미 있는 차이는 관찰되지 않았다. 결론 : 우리 나라 성인에서 객관적인 비만도와 일반인의 자가 평가 사이에는 상당한 차이가 있다는 것을 알 수 있었다. 남성의 경우에는 자신의 비만에 대한 인식이 부족하였고, 여성의 경우에는 비만하지 않은 경우에도 자신을 비만하다고 과평가하는 비율이 높았다. 따라서, 일반인들을 객관적으로 비만 기준으로 정확히 평가하고, 올바른 신체이미지를 가질 수 있도록 교육하는 것이 필요함을 알 수 있었다. Background : Obesity has become a matter of great public concern in Korea with its increasing prevalence in recent years. People should properly recognize themselves whether to be obese or not before seeking medical attention. However self assessment of obesity may be erroneously subjective and misleading. This study is to investigate the possible discrepancy between self-assessment of obesity and obesity defined by BMI in Korean adults. Materials And Methods : Five hundred sixty one adult subjects (341 men and 220 women) who took a routine health examination in Gachon Health Center were included in this study. We analyzed the data obtained from health examination and a questionnaire including self-assessment of obesity categorized as underweight, normal, obese and severely obese. Body mass index (BMI) ≥ 25 kg/㎡ is defined as obese, BMI ≥ 30 kg/㎡ as very obese and BMI <20 kg/㎡ as underweight. Results : The age of the subjects was 37±13 years, male to female ratio 1.5:1, the BMI 22.7±3.2 kg/㎡, and the WHR 0.85±0.07. The concordance rates between self-assessment of obesity and obesity defined by BMI were 56%, 52%, 49% and 89% (kappa=0.26) respectively in underweight, normal, obese and very obese. 44% of men with obesity (BMI ≥25 kg/㎡) assessed themselves to be non-obese, whereas 43% of non-obese women (BMI ≥25 kg/㎡) assessed themselves to be obese. There were no differences in age, education level, and residential area between the groups who correctly assessed their obesity and did not. Conclusions : There were significant discrepancies between self-assessment of obesity and obesity defined by BMI in Korean adults. Significant proportion of men with obesity underestimated their obesity, while significant proportion of non-obese women overestimated their fatness. These results suggest that public education be required to provide the proper definition of obesity and avoid the misleading in its management.

배달 및 수거를 고려한 차량운송계획모델

황흥석,조규성,홍창우 한국경영과학회 2000 한국경영과학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.- No.1

본 연구는 Heuristic 알고리즘 및 유전자알고리즘(GA)을 이용하여 수거(Pickup) 및 배달(Delivery)을 동시에 고려한 통합차량운송계획 모델의 개발이다. 본 연구는 기존의 TSP의 문제를 확장 운용하였으며, 이는 한 Route에 수거지(Origin)와 운반자(Destination)를 포함하는 수요들을 만족하도록 운반되어야 하는 문제이다. 이러한 통합차량경로계획문제(VRP : Vehicle Routing Problem)를 해결하기 위한 접근방법으로 Heuristic 방법을 사용하였으며, 기존의 Saving 알고리즘과 유전자알고리즘 (Genetic Algorithm)의 각종 연산자(Operators)들을 계산하여 사용한 TSP문제의 해를 본 연구의 해의 초기해로 사용하였으며 수거 및 배달문제의 특성을 고려하여 해를 구하였다. 본 연구의 결과를 다양한 운송환경에서, 거리산정방법, 가용운송장비 대수, 운송시간의 제한, 물류센터 및 운송지점의 위치 및 수요량 등 다양한 인자들을 고려한 통합시스템으로 프로그램을 개발하고 Sample 문제를 통하여 응용결과를 보였다.

유리 성형용 금형의 균열 발생 기구

황규홍,송동환,양권승,이종국 조선대학교 생산기술연구소 2005 生産技術硏究 Vol.27 No.2

Microstructure of glass-forming mold have influence on the mechanical properties such as hardness, and life span of the glass-forming mold is strongly dependent on its microstructure. The glass-forming mold with guaranteed tool life requires fine particle size and homogeneous distribution of Cr precipitates in the matrix. In this study, mechanism on the crack creation of the glass-forming mold made in Korea (K-mold) was compared to the one glass-forming mold made in Japan (J-mold). SEM observation revealed that the particle size of the Cr precipitates in J-mold was smaller than that in K-mold, in addition the size distribution of J-mold was narrower than that of K-mold, resulting in long life of J-mold. Therefore, it was confirmed that the microstructure of the glass-forming mold related to Cr precipitates was one of the important parameters to improve the quality of products.

물라이트 결합 내화물에서의 이상 부피 팽창

황규홍 慶尙大學校生産技術硏究所 1998 生産技術硏究所論文集 Vol.14 No.-

Monolithic castable refractories are widely used due to their easy application to most of high temperature works. Among these low cement castables with high density becomes the focus of attention due to high hot strength and excellent wear resistance against molten metals and slags. In this study, the densification of mullite-bonded castables were estimated as a function of aggregate size and composition, the amount of matrix phases and their compositions, and other parameters. It was found that the use of andalusite as the matrix phase, was an effective means for substantial modifications of certain physical properties of castables, while easier formation of mullite in matrix rather than aggregate bauxite brought an abnormal expansion at relatively high temperature.

리눅스 클러스터 서버 상에서 RTSP 기반의 VOD 스트리밍 시스템의 설계 및 구현

홍기호,김영진,최황규 江原大學校 産業技術硏究所 2001 産業技術硏究 Vol.21 No.A

Linux cluster Server makes a high performance PC cluster system, and provides scalablity and availability as compared with an expensive single server. In this paper, we design and implement a VOD streaming service system to serve video and audio streaming services on the Linux cluster serve. Our Streaming server supports the MS Window Media Format based on the RTSP streaming protocol.

PDP 전극용 Ag 막대입자 제조

황규홍,박근주,이종국 조선대학교 생산기술연구소 2005 生産技術硏究 Vol.27 No.1

Rod-like silver particles were synthesized by the reaction between the aqueous silver nitrate solution and surfactant. The rod-like silver particles were prepared using silver nanoparticles as seeds and cetyltrirnethyl ammonium bromide as a surfactant. The seed particles showed 10-20 nm in size with uniform Size distribution. The important parameters for the formation of silver rods are the utilization of silver seeds and surfactant. Rod-like silver particles obtained were characterized by transmission electron microscopy and UV-Visible absorption spectroscopy.

물라이트 결합 캐스터블 내화물의 유동성 향상

황규홍,김상모 慶尙大學校生産技術硏究所 1999 生産技術硏究所論文集 Vol.15 No.-

Castable refractories are widely used due to their easy application to most of high temperature works. Among these low cement mullite-bonded castables with high forming density becomes the focus of attention due to high hot strength and excellent wear resistance against molten metals and slags. In this study, the flowability and workability of mullite-bonded castables were estimated as a function of the size of fine matrix phases and their compositions. It was found that the use of medium size alumina as the matrix phase, was an effective means for substantial increase of flowability and workability of castables. And by decreasing the q-value of Anderssen, nonvibrating flowability could be increased to the level for self-flow castables.

폐도자기로부터 제조된 재활용 소지의 소결특성

황규홍,한현근,김상우,이종국 조선대학교 생산기술연구소 2007 生産技術硏究 Vol.29 No.1

As increasing the porcelain as a home ware, the amount of waste porcelain is increased in factory or at home every year. It is very important to recycle the waste porcelain from environmental and economic point if views. Recycling of porcelain body to batch composition can be reduced the manufacturing cost of porcelain by production of raw materials and dropping of sintering temperature about 150~200℃. In this study, we prepared porcelain ceramics by mixing recycled waste ceramic raw materials and normal ceramic raw materials. The waste ceramic raw materials were recycled by crushing and ball milling waste porcelain bodies. The recycled ceramic raw materials after milling have a mean particle size about 22-40 ㎛ with irregular shape and narrow particle size distribution. Shrinkage and sintered density of compacts from recycled ceramic batch composition increased with increasing sintering temperatures, however the sintered density was independent on the amount of the recycled ceramic raw materials. The batch composition containing 30% of recycled ceramic raw materials showed the highest sintered density. Sintered density was decreased over the temperature of 1200℃ due to the creation of cracks on surface and in bulk. It may be concluded that sintering temperature can be reduced in the processing of porcelain body by adding of recycled ceramic raw matehals to normal batch composition.