Chalcogenization-Derived Band Gap Grading in Solution-Processed CuIn_<i>x</i>Ga_1–<i>x</i>(Se,S)₂ Thin-Film Solar Cells

Park, Se Jin,Jeon, Hyo Sang,Cho, Jin Woo,Hwang, Yun Jeong,Park, Kyung Su,Shim, Hyeong Seop,Song, Jae Kyu,Cho, Yunae,Kim, Dong-Wook,Kim, Jihyun,Min, Byoung Koun American Chemical Society 2015 ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES Vol.7 No.49

<P>Significant enhancement of solution-processed CuInxGa1-x(Se,S)(2) (CIGSSe) thin-film solar cell performance was achieved by inducing a band gap gradient in the film thickness, which was triggered by the chalcogenization process. Specifically, after the preparation of an amorphous mixed oxide film of Cu, In, and Ga by a simple paste coating method chalcogenization under Se vapor, along with the flow of dilute H2S gas, resulted in the formation of CIGSSe films with graded composition distribution: S-rich top, In- and Se-rich middle, and Ga- and S-rich bottom. This uneven compositional distribution was confirmed to lead to a band gap gradient in the film, which may also be responsible for enhancement in the open circuit voltage and reduction in photocurrent loss, thus increasing the overall efficiency. The highest power conversion efficiency of 11.7% was achieved with J(sc) of 28.3 mA/cm(2), V-oc of 601 mV, and FF of 68.6%.</P>

기니픽 천식 모델에서 난알부민의 감작 방법에 대한 연구

김유영(You Young Kim),김윤근(Yoon Keun Kim),장윤석(Yoon Suk Chang),정재원(Jae Won Jung),조상헌(Sang Heon Cho),민경업(Kyung Up Min),이병재(Byung Jae Lee),이상록(Sang Rok Lee),박흥우(Heung Woo Park),김상헌(Sang Heon Kim),박원서(Weon Se 대한천식알레르기학회 1999 천식 및 알레르기 Vol.19 No.6

Background and objective : The induction of allergic sensitization is the key process of guinea pig asthma model, but few studies has been done on allergen sensitization per se. We performed to investigate the effect of initial sensitization route on asthmatic reactions in response to sub- sequent repeated allergen challenges. Subjects and methods : Thirteen guinea pigs were sensitized with ovalbumin by intraperitoneal injection(group A) and 14 by exposure to aerosolized ovalbumin(group B) on two occasions separated by 1 week. Animals were challenged by inhalation of stepwise increasing concentration of 0.1, 0.5, 1, and 2% ovalbumin every 2 weeks 5 times. We used Penh (enhanced pause) as an index of airway constriction. Allergen inhalation discontinued when an increase of Penh more than 200%, and provocative concentration of ovalbumin causing a 200% increase in Penh was defined as PC200 Bronchoalveolar lavage and histopathological examination of lung tissue was done 24 after last challenge. Results : On first challenge, 11 (85% ) of group A had asthmatic reactions, but only 5 (36% ) of group B did. Geographic mean of PC200 was significantly lower in group A than that of group B(0.26% vs. 1.26 %, p<0.01). On repeated allergen challenge, PC200 of group A was relatively unchanged, but that of group B was much variable. Sensitized guinea pig had increased eosino- phil infiltration in BAL and there are no differences between group A and B in lang pathology. Conclusion : Ovalbumin sensitization by intraperitoneal injection of guinea pig is better than inhalation method in first allergen challenge and unvaried asthmatic reactions on repeated chal- lenges.

Effects of dietary supplementation of Pediococcus pentosaceus strains from kimchi in weaned piglet challenged with Escherichia coli and Salmonella enterica

송동철,Ji Hwan Lee,Kangheung Kim,오한진,Jae Woo An,Se Yeon Chang,조현아,Sehyun Park,Kyeongho Jeon,Yohan Yoon,유윤정,Younghyun Cho,조진호 한국축산학회 2023 한국축산학회지 Vol.65 No.3

Escherichia coli (E. coli) and Salmonella enterica (SE) infections in pigs are major source associated with enteric disease such as post weaning diarrhea. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of Pediococcus pentosaceus in weaned piglets challenged with pathogen bacteria. In Experiment.1 90 weaned piglets with initial body weights of 8.53 ± 0.34 kg were assigned to 15 treatments for 2 weeks. The experiments were conducted two trials in a 2 × 5 factorial arrangement of treatments consisting of two levels of challenge (challenge and non-challenge) with E. coli and SE, respectively and five levels of probiotics (Control, Lactobacillus plantarum [LA], Pediococcus pentosaceus SMFM2016-WK1 [38W], Pediococcus acidilactici K [PK], Lactobacillus reuteri PF30 [PF30]). In Experiment.2 a total of 30 weaned pigs (initial body weight of 9.84 ± 0.85 kg) were used in 4 weeks experiment. Pigs were allocated to 5 groups in a randomized complete way with 2 pens per group and 3 pigs per pen. Supplementation of LA and 38W improved (p < 0.05) growth performance, intestinal pathogen bacteria count, fecal noxious odor and diarrhea incidence. In conclusion, supplementation of 38W strains isolated from white kimchi can act as probiotics by inhibiting E. coli and SE.

Terfenadine과 Ketoconazole 복용 후 발생된 Torsades de pointes 심실 빈맥증의 치험 1례

김세경,이기중,유승진,박일영,박승현,임근우,이원재,강동헌 대한응급의학회 1995 대한응급의학회지 Vol.6 No.1

Torsades de pointes is a form of polymorphic ventricular tachycardia that is associated with prolongation of the QT interval, characterized by QRS complexes of progressively changing amplitude and contour that seem to revolve around the isoelectric line. The most common cause of Torsades de pointes induced by antiarrhythmic agents, occupying in certain drugs or toxin, electrolyte disturbance, congenital QT prolongation syndrome. Cardiotoxicity terfenadine, in overdose a widely used, nonsedating antihistamine, has been reported. Case after administration of terfenadine and ketoconazole causing syncope and torsades de pointes have been reported in recommended dose. We report a case of QT prolongation with torsades de pointes after therapeutic administration of terfenadine, a long acting histamine H1 receptor antagonist, together with ketoconazole, an antifungal preparation. The patient is a 43-year-old female, who experienced palpitation, dizziness and syncopal episoders after coadministration of terfenadine and ketoconazole, for a fungal infection of the skin. The ECG showing typical episodes of torsades de pointes with QT prolongation. Magnesium sulfate was given, torsades de pointes did not recur. The patient was discharged with improved condition.

酸性降雨에 의한 畓土讓內 金屬物質의 浸出 및 吸着能에 關한 硏究(Ⅰ)

김남천,우세홍,채수권,권우택,유영식 서울保健大學 1992 論文集 Vol.12 No.1

Leaching characteristics and adsorption ability of Fe and Mn in the paddy soil were studied with synthetic acid rain. 1. Leaching quantity of Fe from the paddy soil by acid rain was 8 times as much as by neutral rain, and 6 times for Mn. 2. Leaching quantity was changed with heat treatment methods of sample soil (ignition or air drying), with kind of meta](Fe or Mn) and with acidity of soil (acid or netural). 3. The adsorption ability of Fe on the paddy soil was twice as much as, that of Mn. 4. Langmuir isotherm equation was c/q=20C+10 for Fe(air drying paddy soil) and c/q=160 C - 610 for Mn(ignation paddy soil). 5. Contineous column experiment showed that the adsorption ability of Mn was above 100, and for Fe, it was changed with kinds of sample soil and pouring methods.

공황장애 환자의 삶의 질

김세주,김영신,유상우 大韓神經精神醫學會 2001 신경정신의학 Vol.40 No.3

연구목적 : 공황장애는 많은 환자들에게서 잘 회복되지 않는 만성적인 질환으로 알려져 있다. 따라서 공황장애가 환자들의 삶에 미치는 부정적인 영향은 매우 클 것으로 생각된다. 그러나 공황장애 환자에서 공황발작의 심각도와 빈도, 유병기간, 광장공포증의 정도, 동반된 우울증상의 정도 등, 여러요인들의 삶의 질과 어떤 관련이 있는 지는 잘 알려져 있지 않다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 신체적 건강 영역, 심리적 영역, 사회적관계 영역, 환경 영역 등을 평가하는 한국판 세계보건기구 삶의 질 척도를 사용하여, 공황장애 환자의 삶의질을 정상인의 삶의 질과 비교하고자 한다. 또한 공황장애 환자의 여러 임상적 특성들과 삶의 질 사이에 어떤 관련이 있는지 알아보고자 한다. 방 법 64명의 공황장애 환자들과 27명의 정상인을 대상으로 세계보건기구 삶의 질 간편형 척도를 사용하여, 각 영역과 총점의 평균을 비교하였다. 그리고 공황장애 환자군에서 나이, 교육수준, 공황발작 시 증상의 개수, 공황발작의 빈도, 광장공포증의 정도, 우울증상의 정도와 삶의 질과 상관성을 분석하였다. 또한 이들 요인의 삶의 질에 미치는 영향을 다중회귀분석으로 평가하였다. 결 과 ; 본 연구에서 공황장애 환자군의 삶의 질은 정상군에 비해 환경 영역을 제외한 전반적인 삶의 질 및 일반적 건강 항목, 신체적 건강 영역, 심리적 영역, 사회적 관계 영역 모두에서 낮은 결과를 보였다. 또한 광장공포증의 정도, 우울증상의 정도, 공황발작 시 나타나는 증상의 개수, 공황발작의 빈도 등이 전체적인 삶의 질을 비롯한 대부분의 하위 영역과 유의한 상관성을 보였다. 그리고 다중회귀분석 결과 우울증상의 정도, 공황발작 시 증상의 개수, 동반자가 있을 때 광장공포증의 정도 등의 삶의 질에 직접적으로 영향을 미치는 변인으로 추출되었다. 결 론 ; 공황장애 환자의 삶의 질은 정상인에 비해 저하되어 있으며, 이에는 우울증상, 공황발작 시 증상의 개수, 동반자가 있을 때 광장공포증의 정도 등이 영향을 미치는 것으로 생각된다. Objectives : Panic Disorder is a chronic condition that may carry significant negative impact on the quality of life in patients. However, the association between quality of life in panic patients and their clinical characteristics has not been investigated. Aim of this study is to compare quality of life in panic patients and healthy controls by using WHO Quality of Life(QOL) Scale that evaluates the domains of physical health, psychological health, social relationship and environment. Additionally, relationship between clinical factors in patients with panic disorders and their quality of life were explored. Method : 64 patients with panic disorder and 27 healthy controls were recruited in this study and WHO QOL Scales were completed. Total scores and scores of domains of WHO QOL Scale in two groups were compared. Correlation analysis and multiple regression analysis were performed to examine the relationship between quality of life and the clinical characteristics in patients with panic disorder. Results : Total scores and scores of all domains except environmental domain of WHO QOL scale in patients with panic disorder were decreased compared to those in healthy controls. Clinical characteristics including the severity of agoraphobia and depression, number of symptoms during panic attacks and the frequency of panic attacks showed significant correlation with quality of life in general and most of subscales of QOL. Multiple regression revealed that the severity of depression, the number of symptoms during panic attacks and the severity of agoraphobia in the presence of accompanied persons were factors directly affecting the quality of life in the patients with panic disorder. Conclusion : Quality of life in patients with panic disorder was poorer than that of healthy controls. The severity of depression, the number of symptoms during panic attacks and the severity of agoraphobia in the presence of accompany were related to the quality of life in the patients with panic disorder.

분산형 웹서비스를 위한 플랫폼의 성능 비교

우세영,김화종 강원대학교 정보통신연구소 2002 정보통신논문지 Vol.6 No.-

In this thesis, various types web services, I.e., mathematical operation, file input/output test, manipulation of characters, using post method are investigated in order to compare the performance of those web service platforms. Simulation results showed ASP(Active Server page) has better performance in manipulation of characters, but worse performance for mathematical operation than others. NET has better performance for mathematical operation but worse performance in manipulation of characters than others. JSP(Java Server Page) showed better performance in file input/output.

범하수체 기능저하증을 동반한 일차성 중추성 림프종의 1예

김원영,김원,조규종,홍정석,이미우,장성은,오세현,임경수 대한응급의학회 2001 대한응급의학회지 Vol.12 No.4

A primary central nervous system lymphoma(PCNSL) is defined as a lymphoma limited to the cranial-spinal axis without systemic involvement. PCNSLs were formerly very rare, only 0.5∼ 1.2% of all intracranial neoplasms, and were usually associated with acquired immuno-deficiency syndrome(AIDS) and other immune-compromised states. Recently, there has been a clear rise in the incidence of this disease among normal individuals. We describe a 77-year-old female with hyponatremia who presented with a confused mental state. Computed tomography(CT) of the brain demonstrated a suprasellar mass with enhancement. We evaluated the basic hormonal studies and the magnetic resonance imaging(MRI). A ventricular biopsy was done, and the result was a diffuse, large, B-cell-type malignant lymphoma. She presented panhypopituitarism and partial central diabetes insipidus. She received chemotheraphy and was discharged in an improved condition. We report a case of panhypopituitarism due to PCNSL and give a review of the literature.

비탈극성 근육이완제의 전투여 효과의 비교 관찰

우현제,김익수,최세진 충남대학교 의과대학 지역사회의학연구소 1986 충남의대잡지 Vol.13 No.2

Succlnycholine (1 mg/kg, 1.5 mg/kg) without pretreatment or succinylcholine (1 mg/kg, 1.5 mg/kg) with pretreatment by pancuronium (bolus 1 mg, 2 mg), and d-tubocurarine (3 mg, 6 mg bolus) were given to patients of relatively same physical status (ASA classification class Ⅰ, Ⅱ) at induction of general anesthesia to determine the degree of muscle fasciculation, vocal cord paralysis, onset and extnt of muscle pain in each group. The result are summarized as follows 1. Appearance of muscle fasciculation was significantly decreased with pretreatment of non-depolarizing muscle relaxant. (p<0.005) 2. The depressing effect of muscle fasciculation was relatively same in each dosage of non-depolarizing muscle relaxant, thus there is no statistic difference. 3. Degree of vocal cord paralysis was predominant in group of succinylcholine alone used. Degree of vocal cord palaysis was slightly decreased by pretreatment of non-depolarizing muscle relaxant, but comparision with control group, there is no statistic difference (p>0.05) 4. The reduced effect of vocal cord paralysis was relatively same in each dosage of non-depolarizing muscle relaxant, thus there is no statistical difference. (p>0.05) 5. Appearance of muscle pain was decreased by pretreatment of non-depolarizing muscle relaxant, especially pretreatment of pancuronium 2 mg bolus significantly decreased post-operative muscle pain. (When succinyline 1 mg/kg administration : 0.025<p<0.05, when succinylcholine 1.5 mg/kg administration: 0.01<p<0.025).

生物學的 廢水處理에 鹽素이온이 미치는 影響

우세홍,김남천,이형춘 서울保健大學 1989 論文集 Vol.9 No.1

The synthesis wastewater containing high concentration of chloride ion(Cl^(-)) was treated with sludge returned complete mixing activated sludge process. 1. At Cl^(-) concentration of less than 10,413㎎/l, BOD removal efficiency was more than 90% and COD removal efficiency was more than 80%. The formation and the settlibility of the floc were poor. 2. At Cl^(-) concentration of less than 5,146mg/l, the oxygen uptake rate was decreased to 38.3~84.6㎎O_(2)/l. hr and ㎏ O_(2)/㎏.BODrem was 0.8~1.427. The oxygen uptake rate was decreased at Cl^(-) concentration of more than 5,146㎎/l. 3. Substract removal rate constant (Km) was 1.02 ~ 3.0/hr at Cl^(-) concentration of less than 5,l46㎎/l and was consisderably decreased at Cl^(-) concentration of more than 5,146㎎/l.