Nurses' management of older patients with post-anesthesia delirium: A Q methodology approach

Kang,Minyeong(Minyeong Kang),Kim,Eun Young(Eun Young Kim),Chang,Sung Ok(Sung Ok Chang) 한국노인간호학회 2022 노인간호학회지 Vol.24 No.4

Purpose: This is an analysis of the experiences of nurses in Post Anesthesia Care Units (PACUs) in caring for older patients with emergence delirium using the Q-methodology. Methods: The Q-methodology, which is used to explore and understand human subjectivity, was applied. Thirty nurses who had experiences in providing nursing for delirium in older patients after surgery in a PACU participated in this study. Results: This study revealed three factors regarding the frame of reference of PACU nurses in detecting and managing older patients' emergence delirium: “detect the deviant changes leading to instability”, “focus on the patient’s degree of cognitive recovery within the framework of recovery time”, and “awareness of possible clues based on the patient’s underlying disease(s)”. Conclusion: These findings are expected to be utilized as a basis for more practical and accessible PACU nurse delirium education that reflects nurses’ subjective viewpoints explained by the three identified factors.

Investigation of the April 2000 forest fire damage in Kang-won Province, Korea, using RADARSAT data

Kang, Sung Chul,Seo, Jin Won,Lee, Tae Hee,Park, Sang Eun,Hong, Suk Young,Moon, Wooil M. 대한원격탐사학회 2000 International Symposium on Remote Sensing Vol.16 No.1

The series of forest Fires in Kangwon Province in April, 2000, were one of the mast serious ones in the Kang-won Province in recent years. The fire damaged areas are extensive and this paper investigates the utility of the satellite image data, particularly the RADARSAT SAR data. One of the main objectives of this study included evaluation of potential usefulness of the C-band RADARSAT data in the detection of forest fires in mountainous areas. Among several fire damaged sites, the area near Samchuk (city) was selected as the main study area and mufti-temporal RADARSAT(raw) data were acquired and the processed results were comparatively investigated with the IRS-1c data acquired shortly after the fire. To identify the burnt area from the undamaged background in the optical imagery, supervised classification and NDVI processing were carried out and tested with the IRS-1C data. For this experiment, several sets of raw RADARSAT standard and Fine mode (S4, F3, ascending orbit) data were processed and the final image was formed. In addition to the final image, sigma nought (σ°) was catnputed and compared for the burnt area against the undamaged areas. Because of the steep slopes in the study area and subsequent deviation from the flat surface scattering models, the fire scars in the sigma nought (σ°) image were not apparent. However, fire scars are slightly detected in the difference and ratio images obtained from the signal intensity data acquired at different dates (bath before and after fire). Texture analysis of the image data including the burnt areas were carried out using the Multiplicative Markov Random-Field (MMRF) algorithm. The detection of the fire damaged area from both standard mode and fine mode RADARSAT was not as straightforward as in optical data. However, Previous studies with ERS-1 S_AR and RADARSAT data in Indonesia and in the North American Plains indicate that C-band SAR data provide us with an effective tool for studying the forest fire damages. However, the application of C-band SAR data to the analysis of the forest fire areas requires careful processing of the data with realistic scattering models.

후두적출자의 의사소통 태도

강수균,박선희,백은아,이현혜,최경희,강은희,박은실 대구대학교 특수교육재활과학연구소 2005 특수교육재활과학연구 Vol.44 No.3

본 연구는 후두적출자의 주된 발성방법과 후두적출 경과 시기에 따른 의사소통 태도를 살펴보고자 하였다. 연구의 대상은 성인 남자 55명으로 후두암으로 인한 후두적출자들로 구성되었다. 이들에게 실시한 의사소통 태도 설문지는 Erickson의 의사소통 태도 척도-수정판(Modified Erickson Scale of Communication Attitudes: S-24)을 본 연구에 맞게 수정 보완하여 사용하였다. 본 연구의 결과는 첫째, 주된 발성방법에 따라서는 인공후두기 사용자와 식도발성자간의 의사소통 태도에 차이가 없었다. 둘째, 후두적출 경과 시기에 따라 10년 초과된 후두적출자들과 10년 이하의 후두 적출자들 간의 의사소통 태도에 차이가 없었다. 그러므로 이들의 의사소통 태도의 긍정적 태도를 증가시키기 위하여 다양한 방법을 활용하고 습득하여 이들의 의사소통 능력을 빠르게 재습득 하여 긍정적인 의사소통 능력을 가질 수 있도록 해야 한다. The purpose of this study was to determine laryngectomee's communication attitude. 55 laryngectomees, who were in the range of 40 years old to 80 years old participated in the study. Communication attitude measurements were taken by S-24(Modified Erickson Scale of Communication Attitudes). The results showed as follows: First, score of laryngectomees with artificial larynx and esophageal speakers were no significant. Second, score of laryngectomees with over 10 years after latyngectomy and 10 years after latyngectomy were no significant.

Skin entrance dose for digital and film radiography in Korean dental schools

Cho, Eun-Sang,Choi, Kun-Ho,Kim, Min-Gyu,Lim, Hoi-Jeong,Yoon, Suk-Ja,,Kang, Byung-Cheol 대한구강악안면방사선학회 2005 Imaging Science in Dentistry Vol.35 No.4

Purpose : This study was aimed to compare skin entrance dose of digital radiography with that of film radiography and to show the dose reduction achievement with digital systems at 11 dental schools in Korea. Materials and Methods : Forty six intraoral radiographic systems in 11 dental schools were included in this study. Digital sensors were used in 33 systems and film was used in 13 systems. Researchers and the volunteer visited 11 dental schools in Korea. Researchers asked the radiologic technician (s) at each school to set the exposure parameters and aiming the x-ray tube for the periapical view of the mandibular molar of the volunteer. The skin entrance doses were measured at the same exposure parameters and distance by the technician for each system with a dosimeter (Multi-O-Meter : Unfors instruments, Billdal, Sweden). Results : The median dose was 491.2 μGy for digital radiography and 1,205.0 μGy for film radiography. The skin entrance dose digital radiography was significantly lower than that of film radiography (p<0.05). Conclusion : Fifty-nine percent skin entrance dose reduction with digital periapical radiography was achieved over the film radiography in Korean dental schools.

CSR 선정기업의 기업특성과 선정 전후의 주요재무비율 변화

김주은(Kim Ju-Eun),강호영(Kang Ho-Young) 한국국제회계학회 2017 국제회계연구 Vol.0 No.74

본 연구는 2016년 CSR 200대 선정기업을 대상으로 재무비율의 특징(상장기업과의 평균비교 및 업종별 비교)과 선정 전후의 재무비율의 변동을 분석하여 기업의 사회적 책임강화가 재무성과에 미치는 영향을 분석하고 성과변화의 지속성을 살펴보았다. 분석결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, CSR 선정기업의 규모는 전체 상장기업 평균의 46%에 불과하지만 안정성과 매출액 성장률, 수익성과 기업가치 면에서 상장기업의 평균보다 높은 결과를 보여주었다. 둘째, CSR 선정기준연도 전후의 재무비율을 살펴본 결과, 선정직전연도와 기준연도의 재무비율의 차이는 유의하지는 않았지만, 안정성지표와 수익성 지표 모두 기준연도의 성과가 높은 것으로 분석되었다. 성장성 지표의 유형자산증가율과 배당률, 활동성 지표의 순운전자본회전율과 시장가치인 EPS, BPS, PBR, EVA 역시 유의하지 않지만 직전연도에 비해 선정기준연도의 성과가 높은 것으로 분석되었으며, Tobin’Q는 유의하게 높은 값을 나타내었다. 선정직전연도와 선정직후연도의 분석결과에서는 안정성, 성장성, 활동성에서의 유의한 차이를 발견할 수 없었다. 안정성 지표의 경우, 유의한 차이를 보이지 않았지만 직전보다 직후의 성과가 우수하였으며, 성장성의 경우 해당지표들의 성과가 선정직전연도에 비해 모두 소폭 하락하는 것으로 나타났다. 활동성 지표는 매출채권회전율, 매입채무회전율, 순운전자본회전율에서 유의하지 않지만 상승한 결과를 보여 CSR 선정 후 자금유동성과 관련한 활동성 부분에서 성과향상을 보여주었다. 수익성에서는 ROS가 유의하게 높은 값을 보였으며, 기업가치인 Tobin’Q는 기준연도의 성과에 비해 소폭 하락하였으나 직전연도보다는 향상된 결과로 나타났다. 셋째, 추가분석으로서 CSR 선정기업의 업종별 재무비율의 차이와 리더 및 경쟁기업의 비교결과, 비제조업은 활동성에서, 제조업은 매출액영업이익률과 ROS에서 유의하게 높은 성과를 보였으며, 주가 및 기업 가치를 포함한 시장가치 지표는 유의한 차이를 보이지 않았다. CSR 리더 기업은 부채비율이 경쟁기업의 85%, 자기자본 현금흐름률은 1.37배 높았으며, 배당 역시 전체 상장기업의 평균수준을 보이는 경쟁기업과는 달리 2.5%의 배당률을 보여주었다. 특히 수익성에서는 조사된 모든 지표가 경쟁기업의 1.3배에서 2.2배까지 높은 성과를 보였으며, 시장가치에서는 PBR과 Tobin’Q가 상대적으로 우수한 것으로 분석되었다. 특히 리더 기업들은 수익성을 비롯하여 현금유동성과 배당률 및 기업 가치에서 우수한 성과를 보여주고 있어 CSR 총점(KEJI 지수)은 투자자들의 투자기준으로서 의미가 있다고 할 수 있다. This study analyzes the changes in the financial ratios (by listed companies and industry) and the financial ratios before and after the selection of the 200 CSR companies selected in 2016. The results of the analysis are as follows. First, the 2016 CSR-selected companies are based on 2015 performance. The size of CSR selected companies is only 46% of the average of listed companies, but it is higher than the average of listed companies in terms of stability, sales growth rate, profitability and enterprise value. Second, after the CSR selection standard year, the stability and indices of profitability were both high in the base year. The net operating capital turnover and market value of EPS, BPS, PBR and EVA of the growth rate of tangible assets, dividend rate, and activity indicators are also insignificant, but the performance of the selected year is higher than previous year. Tobin"Q Respectively. There were no significant differences in the stability, growth, and activity of the year before and after the selection. In stability, there was no significant difference but the performance immediately after the previous period was excellent. In growth, the performance of the indicators decreased slightly compared to the year before. In activity, the results show that the performance of the activity related to the liquidity of funds after the CSR selection is improved, though it is not significant in the turnover of accounts receivable turnover, turnover of debt and net working capital turnover rate. ROS was significantly higher in profitability, and Tobin"Q decreased slightly compared to the baseline year, but slightly improved than the previous year. Third, as a further analysis, the difference in the financial ratios of the CSR 200 companies and the comparison of the leader and the competitors showed that the non-manufacturing industry showed a significant performance in sales, the manufacturing industry had a significantly higher sales margin and ROS performance, There is no significant difference in the market value indicator.

Effects of dietary supplementation with probiotic CS-A on performance in broiler chickens

Seong Soo Kang1*, Se Eun Kim, Ara Go, Kyung Mi Shim, Chun Sik Bae, Chang Jong Moon, Sung-Ho Kim, Jong-Choon Kim, Jin-Cheol Yoo, Seung Sik Cho 충북대학교 동물의학연구소 2012 Journal of Biomedical and Translational Research Vol.13 No.3

Probiotics, enzymes, organic acids, oligosaccharides, antioxidants, and other functional materials are actively being explored as alternatives to antibiotics. Probiotics include live beneficial microorganisms that colonize the intestinal tract and competitively inhibit attachment and growth of harmful microbes. Probiotics also increase feed efficiency by assisting in nutrient absorption and digestion. The current study was conducted in order to evaluate the effect of a new probiotic, CS-A, as a dietary supplement of a fermented product on growth performance, feed intake, and feed conversion efficiency in broiler chickens, and to evaluate its value as an alternative for antibiotics used as a feed additive. Antibacterial and anti-inflammatory effects of CS-A were investigated in vitro and the in vivo effects of a constant concentration of supplemented CS-A on growth rate and feed efficiency were evaluated. In addition, the safety of CS-A was assessed by examination of common symptoms and mortality. Determination of minimal inhibitory concentration revealed an excellent antibacterial effect of CS-A. Cytotoxicity was low and anti-inflammatory effects were achieved at the effective concentration of CS-A. Supplementation with 0.1% CS-A resulted in a feed efficiency score of 1.84 in broilers, compared to 2.00 in the control group. There were no adverse clinical findings, necropsy findings, hematology, and altered serum biochemistry parameters, and no mortality. Thus, it is concluded that CS-A is safe and effective as a feed additive.

잠수장비와 수중환경에서 나타난 스쿠버 다이버들의 교육불이행

임현수(Lin, Hyun-Soo),강은석(Kang, Eun-Suk) 한국체육과학회 2011 한국체육과학회지 Vol.20 No.5

This study is to follow the studies, which were conducted in Moon island between July and October in 2010. The previous studies, which were conducted by Lim, Hyun-soo and Kang Eun-suk in 2010, studied the current status of education of divers by classifying it into five subjects such as diving science, diving equipment, diving safety, underwater environment, and diving activities through FGI of expert groups. Being aware of the lack of materials about the observation of non-fulfillment of education on diving equipment and underwater environment and interviews, we made visits to the spots where the previous studies were conducted between July 28 and August 2nd to newly add up materials on interviews and questionnaires and analysed the cause and problems of the educational non-fulfillment about diving equipment and underwater environment. The educational non-fulfillment about diving equipment resulted in inappropriate management of equipment and loss of equipment, immature assembly of equipment of equipment, the loss of waist belts, and diving knife"s inappropriate use. The educational non-fulfillment about underwater environment brought about the damage of underwater environment, panic by underwater environment, conflicts with fishing villages, and the problems of trash-littering and defecation.

Pd 촉매 하에서 알릴 디올의 아릴화 연구 : 방향족 히드록시 케톤 및 페닐 치환된 알릴디올의 합성 Highly Selective Synthesis of Phenyl-Substituted Allylic Diols

강석구,정경윤,박찬희,남궁은영,김태현 성균관대학교 기초과학연구소 1995 論文集 Vol.46 No.2

The coupling reaction of iodobenzene with allylic diols in the presence of Pd(OAc)_2 and nBu_3P as catalysts using K_2CO_3 as base afforded the phenyl-substituted allylic diols. However, under the same reaction conditions with Et3N as base, phenyl-substituted α-hydroxy ketone was obtained.

장애아동을 위한 특수교육공학의 활용 및 지원방안

강혜경,박은혜 국립특수교육원 2002 특수교육연구 Vol.9 No.2

특수교육분야에 있어서 컴퓨터 및 테크놀로지는 장애를 보완하고 보조하며, 직·간접적인 교육의 도구로 사용될 수 있는 잠재력을 가지고 있음에도 불구하고, 우리 나라의 경우 특수교육진흥법상에서는 치료교육의 항목정도로 이를 대신하고 있다고 볼 수 있을 것이며, 교육 외의 분야에서 장애인의 기술 정보화에 관련된 제도에 있어서도 많은 한계가 있다. 특수교육공학이란 보조 공학적인 접근을 포함하여 지식이나 기능의 부족으로 인해 일상적인 학습이나 활동에 제한을 받는 모든 교육대상자들에게 그들의 실제적인 목적을 달성하기 위해 필요한 모든 장치나 도구 및 그에 관련된 서비스 등까지 매우 포괄적인 범위에까지 이른다고 할 수 있다. 본 연구에서는 이를 바탕으로 특수교육의 공학적 접근성에 관련되어 새로이 소개된 보편적 설계의 개념과 보편적 학습설계의 개념을 논하였으며, 미국과 우리 나라의 정보화 관련법안의 비교 분석을 통해 우리 나라의 현재 특수교육과 관련된 정보화사업 지원체제를 간략히 살펴보고, 실제 교육현장에서의 장애아동을 위한 공학적 적용과 이를 위해 선행되어야할 연구 및 지원의 과제에 대하 논의하였다. The purpose of this study was to review the current literatures about the technological support for the education of students with disabilities and to find out the important issues in actual implementation in special education settings and how to improve and support those technological application for more effective special education. After reviewing related literatures in primary journals and books in special education, following issues were selected and discussed: concept an definitions of related terminologies, comparison of legislative support between the United States and Korea, technology usages in different educational domains, and how to improve and support special education technology implementation. Implications for Korean special education and suggestions for future research were discussed.

당뇨병환자의 하지경피 산소분압 측정

강수용,이은우 중앙대학교 의과대학 의과학연구소 1987 中央醫大誌 Vol.12 No.1

Transcutaneous oxyen tension(tcPO_2) was investigated in 31 control subjects and in 134 diabetics with or without peripheral vascular diseases on clinical examination. With a modified Clark -type oxygen electrode, tcPO_2 was measured on the chest, above the knee, below the knee and the dorsum of the foot. One hundred-thirty four diabetics were clinicially classified in the following 3 groups; group 1∼98 diabetics without clinical evidence of vascular insufficiency, group 2∼25 diabetics with intermittent claudication and group 3∼11 diabetics with rest pain or gangrene. In order to develop tcPO_2 measurement into a practical method for accurate assessing peripheral vascular insufficiency of the diabetic foot, regional perfusion index(RPI: the ratio of foot to chest tcPO_2), that was independent of systemic oxygen delivery and assueately reflected the adequacy of foot prefusion, was examined. In addition, tcPO_2 and RPI were measured with or without leg elevation and tcPO_2 recovery half time after temporary arterial occulsion was also studied. The results were as follows: 1. The tcPO_2 of the foot and below the knee in group 1, as well as group 2 and group 3, were significantly lower than those in control group(p<0.01), which represented the existence of subclinical hypoxia. 2. RPI was significantly lower in the diabetics compared to control subjects. The tcPO_2 and RPI of control foot were high and varied little with leg elevation(p<0.01). All values of the foot with leg elevation in group 2 were below the lower limits of those of control(tcPO_2<30mmHg, RPI<65%), however all values without leg elevation in group 3 were below the lower limits of those of control. 3. The recovery half time of tcPO_2 after transient arterial occlusion was delayed significantly in diabetic group compared to control group(p<0.01), and the dely was related to the severity of the hypoxia. These quantitative assessments of limb hypoxia by measuring tcPO_2 may provide a noninvasive and simple screening method not only for early detection of the diabetics at risk with no clinical evidence of peripheral vascular insufficiency but also for grading the severity of diseases and evaluating progression of diseases in the diabetics.