새로운 이중모드 자력복구 채널등화 알고리즘

황유모,류석규,백관현 明知大學校 産業技術硏究所 2000 産業技術硏究所論文集 Vol.19 No.-

We propose a robust blind equalization algorithm based on quadrant-partitioned constellations for QAM demodulation. The algorithm divides the received M-QAM constellation into simple four quadrant. The channel equalization for symbols in each quadrant can be accomplished fast and reliably using the Constant Modulus Algorithm(CMA) and the Dual-mode Algorithm, Test results confirm that the proposed algorithm with lower complexity outperforms both the Dual-Mode Modified Constant Modulus Algorithm(DM-MCMA) and the Dual-Mode Generalized Sato Algorithm(DMGSA)in reducing the SER as well as the MSE at the equalizer output.

보건소 내소자의 보건의료서비스 이용 실태 및 만족도에 관한 연구 : 경북 일부지역을 중심으로

황관식,남철현,최상복 慶山大學校 保健福祉硏究所 2000 保健福祉硏究 Vol.5 No.-

This study was conducted to examine aspects of health service availability and the satisfaction level of clients of public health centers. 351 clients who visited health centers located in Kyungsan, Chongdo, Youngchon, Kyungju, and Pohang were selected as subjects of this study. Data were collected from March 2, 2000 to April 15, 2000. The results of this study are summarized as follows. 1. 89.5% of them had experience in utilizing health services in public health centers. The rate of availing themselves of public health centers by their own decisions was highest (49.4%). 39.8% of them replied that it took below thirty minutes to visit public health centers. 42.2% of them visited public health centers to be vaccinated. 38.0% of them wanted Oriental medicine to be introduced in public health centers. 30.7% of them thought that doctors need go and see patients at their houses and 31.6% of them was satisfied with present office hours. 39.2% of them was not satisfied with the health services because public health centers were ill equipped. 65.1% of them received medical care in public health centers due to low medical charge and 91.0% of them replied that they would visit again public health centers. 35.5% of them thought that medical equipments must be increased to improve health services of public health centers. Each of the above rates were highest in each variables. 2. According to the satisfaction level with health services of public health centers, 35.2% of them was satisfied, while 9.0% of them was not satisfied. 5.7% of them was very satisfied, while 3.0% of them was not satisfied at all. 47.0% of them was satisfied only to a usual extent. 3. The variables, which significantly influenced the satisfaction level with availability of public health centers, were 'reliance on the medical staff (b=0.1749)', 'sufficiency of nurse's explanation (b=0.2093)', 'medical technician's kindness (b=0.1557)', 'simplicity of medical care procedure (b=0.2036)', 'level of medical charge (b=0.1393)', and 'satisfaction with effect of treatment (b=0.1690)'. 4. The variables, which displayed significant correlation with the satisfaction level with availability of public health centers, were 'necessity of doctor's visit to patients' houses (r=0.229)', 'reliance on the medical staff (r=0.488)', 'sufficiency of doctor's explanation (r=0.495)', 'nurse's kindness (r=0.441)', 'sufficiency of nurse's explanation (r=0.458)', 'medical technician's kindness (r=0.326)', 'the staff's kindness in civil service office (r=0.352)', 'simplicity of medical care procedure (b=0.338)', 'environment of waiting room (r=0.283)', 'convenience of availability of subsidiary facilities (r=0.275)', 'level of medical charge (r=0.335)', 'location of public health center (r=0.173)', 'medical facitities and equipment (r=0.217)', 'treatment methods (r=0.294)', and 'treatment effect (r=0.359)'. It appeared that the community residents were somewhat unsatisfied with public health centers because of problems of equipment, treatment sphere, treatment procedure, and medical personnel. Therefore. The government must focus on increase and modernization of medical equipments, the establishment of oriental medicine, and increase of medical personnel. It is important for public health centers to provide community residents with better health services in order to meet their health needs.

ENHANCED HUMUS FORMATION IN A SUBSTRATE- CONTROLLED COMPOSTING REACTOR

황은주,김준수,전관수 대구대학교 환경기술연구소 2004 미래환경기술 Vol.1 No.1

A substrate-amended fed-batch composting of food waste was investigated and its effect on humus formation and cellulose decomposition were studied. Various substrates were added to the reactor in fed-batch mode while no additional feed was introduced into the other reactor for comparison. Active composting was prolonged by the amendment of substrate. Cellulose composition changed from initial value of 33.4% to 32.6% in conventional batch composting. Cellulose decreased to 30.2% in the substrate-amended, fed-batch composting. It decreased further to 24.2% when the amount of substrate amendment increased in the fed-batch composting. Humus formation was enhanced in the substrate-amended composting. Humic substances were produced more in the fed-batch composting (7.47% and 8.76%) as compared to conventional batch composting (7.12%). About 5% to 23% increase in humic substance was achieved in the fed-batch composting. It was confirmed that the substrate-amended, fed-batch composting improved the degradation of cellulose and the formation of humus.

해상 유류 유출 사고 후, 유류 해양 오염에 따른 주요 해산 어ㆍ패류내 PAHs 추적

황인영,박정규,박관하,김정상,정흥배,배철한 한국환경독성학회 2001 환경독성보건학회지 Vol.16 No.2

Marine organisms such as fish (Sebastes schlegeli) and mussels were cultured in sea water tanks placed at Dukpo area which was contaminated by the two oil spill accidents. Results showed that PAHs concentrations in fish tissue were higher than in fish liver. This was explained by the cytochrome P450 IA induction in fish liver after PAHs exposure. Other studies showed that higher PAHs levels were detected in mussels cultures in oil contaminated area than in control site. From these results, we concluded that Dukpo area is still polluted by oil including PAHs and it takes a long time to recover of oil contamination after the oil spill accidents.

자동차 Muffler의 음향특성 실험 및 해석

黃釘烈,金寬柱 弘益大學校 科學技術硏究所 1994 科學技術硏究論文集 Vol.5 No.-

In order to identify the performance of simple expansion chamber with/without offset and currently using muffler of the 1.51 engine class passenger vehicle(H-muffler). experiments using the two michrophone method were carried out. Transmission loss of silencer with elliptic cross-section type was calculated by Sysnoise, a general purpose acoustic software, and was compared with that of various sizes of circular cross-section type silencers. In this paper, sound pressure level and transmission loss of simple expansion chamber with/without offset and H-muffler were measured.

저온에서의 자연철의 Mo¨ssbauer Spectra 硏究

朴冠鎬,李敬行,金振璜 동국대학교 1985 論文集 Vol.24 No.-

Mo¨ssbauer parameters of natural iron have been measured from 25K to 298K. The isomer shift was not linear with absolute temperature, except at high temperature, because of quantized lattice levels. We have obtained the Debye and einstein temperature by fitting the kinetic temperature proposed by Mazo and Kirwood. We have found out the following results; 1) Isomer shift values tend to increase, while temperature decrease. 2) Hyperfine splitting values tend to increase, while temperature decrease. 3) Debye temperature is 264 K. 4) Einstein temperature is 202 K.

데페록사민 전처치가 토끼 심근경색 크기의 감소에 미치는 효과

양관모,오동렬,박승현,박규남,이원재,김형국,황두영,최승필,채장성 대한응급의학회 1998 대한응급의학회지 Vol.9 No.4

Background: Reperfusion of ischemic myocardium has been postulated to result in a specific oxygen radical mediated tissue injury. Iron may liberate during ischemia and we hypothesized that administration of the iron chelator, deferoxamine during ischemia would result in improved recovery after postischemic reperfusion. Purpose: To test whether iron-catalyzed processes contribute to myocardial necrosis during ischemia and reperfusion, deferoxamine was administered to block iron catalyzed hydroxyl radical formation in rabbits. Methods: Eleven rabbits were divided into two groups : control group (n=5) and deferoxamine pretreatment group (n=6). The left circumflex coronay artery was ligated for 30 minutes and reperfused for 180 minutes. Area at risk (AR) was measured by non-stained area with methylene blue injection into left atrium after left circumflex coronary artery ligation. Infarct size was measured by weighing after triphenyltetrazolium chloride staining. Heart rate was measured using electrocardiographic recording and systemic blood pressure was monitored by pressure transducer connected to the catheter in the left ventricle. Results: 1. There was no significant difference of heart rate and blood pressure in deferoxamine pretreatment group compared with control group. 2. There was significant decrease of serum iron concentration after continuous infusion of deferoxamine compared with serum iron concentration before ligation of coronary artery(P<0.05). 3. There was no significant difference of area at risk between control and deferoxamine pretreatment group. 4. Area at necrosis to area at risk was significantly reduced in deferoxamine pretreatment group compared with control group(P<0.05). The results suggest that deferoxamine infusion prior to coronary artery occlusion has a significant benefit in reducing infarct size in this model.

차량인식시스템에 관한 연구

양황규,제성관 東西大學校 2002 동서논문집 Vol.8 No.-

본 논문에서는 컴퓨터 비전의 한 분야인 영상처리에 의한 물체인식을 위한 선행연구로써, 차량인식시스템을 구현하고자 한다. 기존의 차량인식시스템은 수입을 하거나, 모듈만을 구입함으로써, 응용에 한계를 나타내고 있다. 본 시스템은 속도와 설치위치에 구애받지 않고, 빠른 시간 내에 차량번호를 인식함으로써, 도난차량, 수배차량, 무인감시시스템, 속도방지시스템 등 여러 분야에 폭넓게 이용할 수 있다. 루프센서에 의해 차량출입 여부를 전송하여 차량영상을 입력받음으로써 시간비용을 감소시켰으며, 광류를 이용하여 빠른 시간에 번호판을 찾고, 문자 추출 및 인식 등, 시스템의 처리시간이 1초 미만으로 실시간 응용에 적합하다. In this paper, we have studied the Vehicle Recognition System using digital image processing. In the past, we have been importing and buying vehicle recognition system modules to track number plates. However, several problems were found in previous systems, making them unable to produce accurate results. Thus, we have developed a optical flow based Vehicle Recognition System. This system have the capability to recognize quickly any vehicle number plates regardless of vehicle's speed and location. In addition, this system is not costly and it can be used in various applications including (missing vehicles, wanted vehicles, guardless system, over-speeding vehicles)

정모 두부방사선규격사진 분석 시 기준선 설정 방법에 관한 비교 연구

김관모,황현식 전남대학교 치과대학 2001 구강과학 Vol.13 No.2

The purpose of this study was to find out the rationable of the construction of the reference lines using pupil position in the posteroanterior cephalometry. The PA cephalograms were taken in the forty adult subjects who had facial symmetry and normal occlusion, using pupil position market(PP market). Two weeks later, another PA cephalograms were obtained in the twenty subjects, using the same method to evaluate the reproducibility of pupil position by PP market. Two tracings were obtained from each PA cephalogram according to the method of the construction of reference line. One tracing was drawn with the horizontal reference line constructed by the line through right and left latero ­ orbitake, and with the vertical reference line constructed by the line through crista galli and anterior nasal spine; Other tracing was drawn with the horizontal referencen line constructed by the line through right and left pupils, positional differences of vertical and horizontal reference line constructed by each method were compared by angle. Six pairs of anatomic landmarks were selected and their position differences between right and left sides were measured. Horizontal and vertical differences were compared between two methods. Following results were obtained. 1. The difference of pupil position on PA cephalogram which was taken by sing PP market was 0.37 mm horizontally and 0.38 mm vertically. 2. The difference of the horizontal line between the two methods was rather big (1.04±0.71˚) whereas the difference of vertical line was small(0.71±0.62˚). 3. In the comparison of the horizontal difference of the landmarks between right and left sides, the values of difference in the pupil position was smaller than in the anatomic landmark method; however the differences were not statistically significant. 4. The comparison of the vertical difference showed the same pattern with the horizontal difference, and further the difference was statistically significant in one landmark. The above results suggest that the PP marker may be helpful for construction of the reference line in the PA cephalometric radiography.

정신분열병 환자의 KCNN3 유전자에서 나타나는 삼핵산 반복서열

김도관,임신원,고효정,서민영,손성은,이소영,황혜진,진동규,김병로 大韓神經精神醫學會 2001 신경정신의학 Vol.40 No.5

연구목적 : 연구자들은 NMDA 수용체의 channel protein 합성에 관여하는 KCNN3 유전자에서 나타나는 삼핵산 반복서열(triple nucleotide repeat, TNR) 확장이 과연 정신분열병의 발병에 기여하는지를 최근 개발된 TNR copy 수를 정량화 함으로써 알아보고자 하였다. 방 법 : 연구대상은 정신과 외래 및 입원 환자 중 정신분열병 환자 245명과 건강 의학센타를 방문한 정상 성인 116명을 각각 선발하였다. 정신분열병 환자들이 정상인에 비하여 불특정 CAG 삼핵산 반복 서열 확장에 차이가 나는지 repeat expansion detection(RED) 방법을 확인한 다음, 그것이 KCNN3이나 CTG18.1 유전자의 CAG 반복서열 증가에 의한 영향인지 분석하였다. 그리고 untranslated region에서 TNR 증가를 불특정하게 일으킬 수 있는 ERDA1의 CAG 삼핵산 반복서열의 영향을 검증함으로써 KCNN3나 CTG18.1 유전자가 정신분열병의 발병에 기여하는 바를 평가하였다. 결 과 : 정신분열병 환자는 정상인에 비하여 KCNN3 유전자 부위에서 TNR 확장이 현저한 longer allele이 빈번하게 관찰되었다. 즉, KCNN3 유전자 부위에서 CAG 삼핵산 반복이 19번 이상 확장되는 염색체가 신분열병 환자군에서는 73.3% 발견되는 데 비해서 정상인군에서는 65.1% 발견되어 유의한 차이가 있었다(p=0.029, Fisher's exact test). 이러한 차이는 가족력이 있는 정신분열병 환자군(79.7%)에서 가족력이 없는 환자군(70.8%)보다 더욱 현저하게 관찰되었다(p=0.003, Fisher's exact test). 음성형과 양성형 정신분열병 환자군 간에서의 차이는 관찰되지 않았다. CTG18.1 유전자 부위의 TNR 확장이나 불특정 부위 염색체 전체에서의 TNR 확장은 환자군과 정상 대조군 간에 차이가 없었다. 환자군과 대조군 모두에서 불특정 TNR 확장은 ERDA1의 전사와 유의하게 관련성이 있었다(각각 r=0.45, p<0.001 ; r=0.44, p<0.001). 하지만 KCNN3 유전자 부위에서 TNR 확장은 ERDA1 score와 유의한 관련성을 보이지 않았다. 결 론 : 이상의 결과는 KCNN3 유전자가 한국인 정신분열병의, 특히 가족력이 있는 정신분열병의, 발병에 관여할 수 있음을 시사한다. 또한 ERDA1 전사는 불특정 TNR 확장의 원인으로 작용한다는 가설을 뒷받침한다. Objects : We investigated a possible association between the polymophic trinucleotide repeat(TNR) expansion in neuronal potassium channel gene KCNN3 and schizophrenia. Methods : CAG/CTG repeat distribution in KCNN3, CTG8.1 and ERDA1 was examined and the copy number of ligation product in repeat expansion detection(RED) was measured in Korean patients with schizophrenia(n=245) and ethnically matched healthy controls(n=116). Results : Longer alleles in the KCNN3 gene were over-represented in patients. The frequency of alleles with CAG repeats longer than 19 copy in the KCNN3 gene was higher in the patients with schizophrenia as compared to controls(73.3% vs 65.1% ; p=0.029, Fisher's exact test). And this difference was more prominent in schizophrenic patients with familial background(p=0.03, Fisher's exact test). We found no difference in the frequency of longer alleles between negative and positive subtypes of schizophrenia. Ligation product size in RED and alleles with CAG repeat number in the CTG18.1 gene was not increased in the patients. The copy number of ligation product in RED was highly correlated with CAG/CTG copies if ERDA1 in the patient group(r=0.45, p<0.001) as well as in the control group(r=0.44, p=<0.001). However, CAG repeat length in the KCNN3 gene was not correlated with ERDA1 score. Conclusions : Our results support the hypothesis that the longer allele of KCNN3 may be considered as a candidate gene for schizophrenia, especially in the case with familial background. And the RED assay results was affected by the CAG copy number of ERDA1.