전이금속 착물의 전자구조 및 화학적 반응성(제1보) : cis-ML₄XY 형 착물의 광반응에 대한 리간드의 상대적 치환용이성 Relative Ligand Labilization in Photosubstitution Reactions of cis-ML₄XY Type Complexes

鄭倧在,崔鍾河,呂煥鎭 慶北大學校 1988 論文集 Vol.46 No.-

The most easily leaving ligand in the photosubstitution reactions of cis-ML_4XY type complexes (M = Cr(Ⅲ), Co(Ⅲ) : L = NH_3, CN, en/2; X, Y = unidentate) can be predicted by comparing of relative stability of several square pyramidal intermediates, where the energy levels of total stabilization and d-orbital for the intermediate are calculated by using the angular overlap method. According to the calculated results, the intermediate with larger total stabilization energy is, as expected, more easily produced. Therefore, the total stabilization energy of the primary intermediate is applied to determine which of ligand will be more susceptible to photolabilization.

K 강선 및 긴장대 강선을 이용한 원위 쇄골 제 2형 골절의 치료

정환용,이우석,전택수,김대환,김광균,임재우 대한골절학회 2003 대한골절학회지 Vol.16 No.2

목 적: 쇄골 윈위부 제 Ⅱ형 골절의 치료에 있어 견봉 쇄골 관절을 통과하지 않고 직접 골편을 고정시키는 K 강선 및 긴장대 강선을 이용한 고정술로 치료한 환자에서 임상 결과를 후향적으로 분석하여 보고하고자 한다. 대상 및 방법: 2000년 5월부터 2001년 5월까지 쇄골 원위부 제 Ⅱ형 골절로 관혈적 정복술 및 K 강선 및 긴장대 강선을 이용한 고정술을 실시한 12례 중 최소 1년 이상 추시가 가능한 11례를 대상으로 하였다. 임상적 평가를 위해 최종 추시에서 변형된 견관절 기능 평가법을 사용하여 결과를 분석하였고 골유합 상태, 합병증, 견관절 운동범위를 측정하였다. 결 과: 전례에서 골유합을 얻었으며, 수술 후 골 유합까지의 기간은 평균 10주 (8~12주)였다. 최종 추시 상 견관절의 운동범위는 모두 정상 소견이었고, 변형된 견관절 기능 평가상 우수 9례, 양호 2례였다. 결 론: 쇄골 원위부 제 Ⅱ형 골절에서 K 강선 및 긴장대 강선을 이용한 고정술은 좋은 치료 방법 중 하나로 사료된다. Purpose: This is retrospective study to analyze the clinical results of the usefulness of K-wires and tension band wiring that fix the fracture fragment directly without passing the acromioclavicular joint in distal clacivle type Ⅱ fractures. Materials and Methods: From May 2000 to May 2001, eleven patients with distal clavicle type Ⅱ fracture were treated by open reduction and internal fixation with K-wires and tension band wiring. The clinical results were analyzed according to modified shoulder rating scale for distal clavicle freacture. Radiological union, complication, and range of motion of the shoulder were assessed. Results: All fractures were united at 10 weeks (8~12 weeks) in average. Finally, full range of motion of the shoulder joint was achieved in all patients. No complication was found and the modified shoulder rating scale for distal clavicle fracture were as follows: excellent 9 and good 2. Conclusion: K-wires and tension band wiring can be a good treatment method for distal clavicle type Ⅱ fractures.

A Genealogical Approach to the Incoterms Rules and Revised Incoterms 2010

Jae‐,Hwan Chung,Bong‐,Soo Lee 한국무역학회 2013 Journal of Korea trade Vol.17 No.2

Incoterms have provided a set of rules that the global trade community can use for the interpretation of shipping terms. Always viewed from the perspective of the seller’s delivery obligation, Incoterms focus on the responsibility for the risk of loss or damage to the goods sold, division of transportation and customs‐related costs between the seller and buyer, and the obligation to execute certain functional activities related to the movement of the goods. The ICC has consistently attempted to update Incoterms in a way that keeps pace with the evolution of business practices. The ICC recently published the new listing of terms, which hints at some of the significant changes ahead in the new publication. It is not certain how the Incoterms 2010 have been used in practice, so it is difficult to find out related problems. Therefore, those who are unwilling to use Incoterms 2010 are free to choose Incoterms 2000 or other trade terms. However, this kind of practice can cause a conflict because of differences in the interpretation of trade terms in international trade. It would be desirable to use Incoterms 2010 based on the revised Incoterms 2000. It is still unclear how predominantly Incoterms 2010 will be used in international trade. Of course, it is necessary to keep updating trade terms based on a deeper analysis on the matters associated with the Incoterms rules, and maintain an understanding of contemporary changes. In this context, this thesis aimed to investigate the historical background of the Incoterms rules and find out how t

睡眠時 癎疾에 대한 臨床的 考察

鄭根在,張煥一 최신의학사 1981 最新醫學 Vol.24 No.12

혈액정상치에 대한 고찰

정경환,차덕원,박재윤 順天鄕大學校 1977 의대논문집 Vol.2 No.-

We have determined the mormal ranges using the probability graph method to the laboratory data. From within ranges there were found that hematolgical normal values and ranges calculated from it were applied to the determination of those, except red blood cells

다발성 골수종으로 이행한 단일형질세포종 1예

정재용,모성환,기장도,문철호,김창욱,전용준,박유환,정춘해,오윤경 조선의대 1995 The Medical Journal of Chosun University Vol.20 No.2

3전극형 정전하 중화장치 기초연구

鄭石煥,韓昌陰,李大熙,文在德 경북대학교 센서기술연구소 1998 센서技術學術大會論文集 Vol.9 No.1

Methods and systems to remove static electricity are requested necessarily because the static electricity causes a flammable gas explosion, a fire, reduction of production rate in manufacturing semiconductor device and so on. This paper deals with the new structure of electrode to protect dusts attached to the needle electrode previously for controlling the quantities of generated ions and solving the problem of dust attaching to needle electrode. And the discharge system with third electrode was proposed to control the hight and electric field in end of needle electrode. It was possible to control the quantities of generated ion by controlling electric field in needle electrode. This showed the possibilities to solve the nonequilibrium of generated ions when using the ac power source.

추체로 및 추체외로 운동유발전위의 특성

류재욱,조춘식,이배환,박용구,정상섭 한국심리학회 한국심리학회지 생물 및 생리 Vol.11 No.1

운동유발전위(motor evoked potential;MEP)는 척수 및 운동신경계의 기능에 대한 임상 및 진단, 그리고 척수손상 연구 모형에서와 같은 동물을 이용한 실험적 연구에 많이 이용되고 있다. 그러나 이들 연구들간에는 자극대상, 즉 뇌용적이 작고 추체외로가 상대적으로 잘 발달한 쥐와 같은 설치류에서는 자극방법이나 자극위치에 따라서 MEP의 발생과 형태가 상이하며, 추체로운동유발전위(pyramidal motor evoked potential;PMEP)와 추체외로운동유발전위(extrapyramidal motor evoked potential;EPMEP)가 혼입되어 포착되는 것으로 생각된다. 이러한 문제점을 보완하기 위해서, 본 연구는 새로운 전극을 사용해서 쥐의 대뇌피질을 자극하여 발생시킨 PMEP와 망상핵을 자극하여 발생시킨 EPMEP의 특성을 관찰기록하여, PMEP와 EPMEP의 특성을 비교고찰하였다. 이를 위해 본 연구에서 사용한 새로운 전극은 대뇌피질에 직경이 약 1.4㎜인 원판을 접촉시켜서 이를 음전극으로 하고, 원판의 중심부에서 돌출된 0.2㎜의 두께와 1.5㎜ 길이의 절연된 심을 양전극으로 이용할 수 있게 제작되었다. 그리고 PMEP와 EPMEP는 제6경수위와 제9흉수위에서 기록하였다. 본 연구에서 새로운 자극전극을 이용하여 대뇌피질을 자극함으로써 전류의 전파를 국소화시킨 결과 비교적 일관적인 PMEP를 포착할 수 있었으며, PMEP와 EPMEP의 파형이 상이함을 보여주었다. Motor evoked potentials(MEPs) have been used widely both experimentally and clinically to study the function of the motor nervous system. However, the origins and the waveforms of MEPs in small animals like rats may be different from those of potentials evoked by intracortical microstimulation in carnivore like cats because of current spread. The patterns and characteristics of MEPs also could be affected by recording techinques and methods of stimulation. In the present study, we used a specially designed electrode to stimulate localized cortical area. The pointed tip of a special stimulating electrode was inserted into the cerebral cortex perpendicular to the cortical surface so that the round area gently contacted with the cortical surface. We investigated the characteristics of pyramidal motor evoked potentials (PMEPs) and extrapyramidal motor evoked potentials (EPMEPs) evoked by the electrical stimulation of the mortex cortex and the gigantocellular reticular nucleus. Using this technique, we could constantly obtain the PMEP and EPMEP. The results of the present study showed that the PMEP and the EPMEP were different in their latencies and waveforms.

변형률제어 비대칭파형 하의 고온피로수명 및 파면

허정원,박원조,유재환 한국산업안전학회 2003 한국안전학회지 Vol.18 No.1

In this paper, the low cycle fatigue(LCF) life tests were carried out under waveforms of asymmetric triangle(4×10^-3 and 4×10^-5 strain rate) and hold-time(1min and 10min) in strain control. In triangular waveform, the fatigue lives of fast-slow waveforms were decreased to about 63~73% and them of slow-fast waveform were down to about 23~24% compared to them of fast-fast waveforms. The shapes of fracture surfaces were transgranular in fast-fast and fast-slow waveforms and intergranular in slow-fast ones. The fatigue lives of slow-fast waveforms were remarkedly shorter than them of bold-time waveforms even though cycle times of hold time waveforms were longer than them of slow-fast ones. The damage mechanisms of frature surfaces were mixed frature with both transgranular and intergranular, but intergranular fratures were r-type cavity in hold-time waveforms and w-type cavity in slow-fast ones.

WBI가 시 학습에 미치는 효과 분석

김동환,정재열 한국컴퓨터교육학회 2002 컴퓨터교육학회 논문지 Vol.5 No.4

본 연구에서는 중학교 2학년 국어교과의 '시의 주제' 단원에 WBI를 활용한 학습을 설계 및 구현하여 학교 수업현장에 적용하였으며, 학업성취도 변화와 WBI를 적용한 수업에 대한 학생들의 반응 정도를 연구하였다. 연구 가설 1은 'WBI를 적용한 실험집단이 전통적 강의식 수업을 적용한 통제집단 간에 학업 성취도에 있어서 유의미한 차이가 있을 것이다.'로 설정하여 검증한 결과 표준편차와 평균은 실험집단이 통제집단보다 나아졌다. 연구 가설 2는 'WBI를 적용한 실험집단이 통제집단에 비해 학습의 이해도, 흥미도, 집중도가 높을 것이다.'로 설정하고, WBI를 적용한 수업을 받은 학생들을 상대로 설문조사를 한 결과 대체로 학습에 도움이 되었으며, 긍정적인 변화를 나타내었다. WBI를 적용한 수업이 전통적인 방식을 적용한 수업보다는 이해도, 흥미도, 주의 집중도가 높은 것으로 나타난 것으로 보아 학생들은 전통적인 수업보다 WBI를 적용한 수업을 선호하는 것으로 나타났다. 이와 같은 연구 결과를 종합하여 볼 때, 기존 수업에 WBI를 적용한 수업을 적절히 활용을 하면 시 학습에 대한 흥미와 학업성취도 면에서 긍정적인 효과가 있을 것으로 기대된다. The purpose of the research undertaken for this paper was to demonstrate the effects of WBI on students' achievement and their reactions. WBI was adapted for use on the lesson Theme of Poems in Korean textbook for Middle School second graders. Hypothesis I was that there would be meaningful differences in students' achievement between the experimental group using WBI and the controlled group in a traditional instructive class. And the statistical calculations showed that the experimental group produced larger numbers in terms of both the average and standard deviation. Hypothesis 2 was that there would be the more highly rated outcomes from the experimental group applying WBI for students' interest, understanding, and concentration. The responses to a questionnaire concerning stated items showed significant differences in favor of WBI class. Based on these analyses, this thesis represents an effort to potential application of WBI to learning of Poems, in light of resarch evidence that reveals its respective effect to further students' achievement and interest.