Comparative Evaluation of Antioxidant, Anti-diabetic and Anti-diabetic Complication Effects of Artemisia capillaris Thunb, A. capillaris Herba and A. iwayomogi

A Ra Jo,Eun Bi Kuk,Seo in Oh,Hee Sook Sohn,Jae Sue Choi,Hyun Ah Jung 한국식품영양과학회 2015 한국식품영양과학회 학술대회발표집 Vol.2015 No.8

청소년의 컴퓨터게임 이용실태, 부모양육방식, 개인의 정신병리

전성일,류정환,김영미,정홍경,조아라,이정호,최영민,이기철 대한소아청소년정신의학회 2000 소아청소년정신의학 Vol.11 No.1

연구목적 : 오늘날 컴퓨터게임은 청소년기의 보편적 놀이도구가 된 상황임에도 불구하고 이들이 게임에 몰두하는 이유와 개인특성에 관한 정신과적 연구는 드문 실정이다. 이러한 필요성에서 본 연구는 중학교 2년 생을 대상으로 청소년의 컴퓨터게임 사용실태를 파악하고, 연관된 개인정신병리와 부모의 양육방식과의 관계를 밝히고자 하였다. 방법 : 이 연구는 서울시 노원구에 위치한 중학 2년생 124명을 대상으로 하였다. 정신병리의 측정을 위하여 한국판 간이정신진단검사(SCL-90-R)을 사용하였고, 부모자녀 결합형태 조사(PBI)를 통하여 부모양육태도를 알아보았다. 결과 : 1) 비록 과도한 시간을 들여 컴퓨터게임을 하더라도, 컴퓨터게임과 연관된 특정 정신병리는 발견할 수 없었으며 따라서 콤퓨터게임은 청소년기에 있을 수 있는 일상적인 놀이문화이다. 또 한대 부분의 청소년은 컴퓨터게임이 문제가 되지 않는다고 인신하고 있었다. 2) 남학생은 게임빈도, 게임시간, 게임방에서 보내는 시간, 게임을 한 번 할 때 지속하는 시간 등에서 여학생에 비해 통계적으로 의미 있게 높은 수치를 보였다. 3) 청소년의 신체증상호소, 타인간의 관계에서 나타나는 불편감, 우울증, 불안증의 정신병리는 컴퓨터 오락으로 인한 부작용과 의미 있는 관계를 보였다. 4) 게임빈도와 FBI상의 어머니 과보호척도는 정적인 상관관계를 보였다. 5) 게임을 하는 이유로는 공부, 학교 생활 등의 복잡한 것을 잊고 몰두하기 위해가 가장 많았고, 가장 심리적으로 부담이 되어 피하고 싶은 것으로는 학업문제였다. 6) 청소년은 게임방을 주로 친구들과 어울리는 공간으로 사용하고 있었지만 그 기능을 다하기에는 아직 보완해야 할 점이 많다. 결론 : 게임으로 인한 부모, 교사와의 다툼, 잦은 지각/결석, 친구들과 어울리지 못하는 등의 문제가 많은 경우에는 청소년 자체의 정신별리를 의심해 보아야 하며, 게임의 빈도가 의미 있게 높은 청소년의 경우에는 둥반되는 정서상의 문제와 함께 부모양육태도도 함께 세심하게 살피는 것이 필요하다. Objects : This study was designed or studying of current Korean adolescents computer game playing habits and exploring associations with parental rearing patterns and individual psychopathology. Methods : One hundred twenty our adolescents(age 13-15) who reside in urban area completed self-report questionnaires containing Questionnaires designed by authors, Symptom Checklist-90-Revision of Korean Version(SCL-90-R) and Parental Bonding Instrument(PBI). Results : 1)Computer game playing appears to be one of the social and leisure phenomena in these days. Although Adolescents spend a lot of times on computer game, Many of them perceive not problematic. 2)Compared with females, Male play computer games more regularly, more longer, spent more times in gamebang. 3)There was positive relationship between anxiety subscale in SCL-90-R and detrimental effects of computer game. 4)There was positive relationship between game frequency and maternal overprotection. 5)The main reasons for playing are "for an avoidance of stressful life events" , academic burden was the most troublesome issues in korean adolescents. 6)Many adolescents use gamebang as a social place, but they thought that gamebang is not good places to have a good time. Conclusion : This papers shows that computer game playing is a popular social leisure activity in Korean adolescents. And, Most of korean adolescents reported that they are suffered from pressure of academic achievements. They use computer game mainly by means of relieving academic pressures. In a heavy game users who have many conflicts with parents, teacher and who has frequent truancy and social withdrawal show significant anxiety. Maternal overprotection was observed in heavy game users. Authors recommended that clinicians should be careful in examining heavy computer game behaviors. Both underlying affective states and environmental influences, including family situations should be vicariously examined. KEY WORDS : Computer game · Gamebang · Game habits · Psychopathology · Parental rearing pattern.

광주·전남 일부초등학생의 TV시청, 인터넷 이용 및 여가활용실태에 관한 연구

길진모,조아라 호남대학교 2008 학술논문집 Vol.29 No.2

The purpose of this study was to examine the aspect of TV viewing and internet usage as extracurricular activity of elementary school children. For this study, a questionnaire was made to 712 children in 4th, 5th and 6th grades in 6 elementary schools within Gwangju and Jeonnam region. The questionnaire was composed of 23 items and analyzed using frequency, Chi-square test by SPSS 12.0 for windows. TV watching time was related with internet usage in children. The children who watch TV longer tend to use internet longer in weekdays. The circumstances and life style of elementary school children influenced to TV watching time and internet usage. These results indicate that we should recognize that TV viewing and internet usage time occupy much of the elementary school children's extracurricular activities. Therefore, it is essential that the program development of both educational and social levels for active and outdoor extracurricular activity of school children.

Optimal Process Conditions for Powder Bed Fusion and Analysis of Properties of Maraging Steel

A Ra Jo,Ji Seob An,Sun Hyung Kim,Dong Yong Park,Young Hoon Moon,Sun Kwang Hwang 대한금속·재료학회 2023 METALS AND MATERIALS International Vol.29 No.10

Powder bed fusion (PBF), an additive manufacturing technology, has been widely used in the manufacturing field to create complex designs. Most PBF process studies have investigated the effect of laser power and scan speed on the mechanical properties and porosity of microstructure. In this study, five process conditions were selected to obtain superior properties of maraging steel, which were validated by absolute density analysis, hardness, and tensile tests. Maraging steel exhibits diverse mechanical properties depending on the heat-treatment combinations of solution annealing and aging. Mechanical property tests were conducted to compare the various temperature properties of the fabricated maraging steel under optimal conditions. Maraging steel exhibited a hardness of 612.7 HV and a tensile strength of 1925.6 MPa at 25 °C, and the strength was greater than 1000 MPa at temperatures below 600 °C. Additionally, the applicability of a fabricated die for maraging steel was investigated. The maraging steel die and American Iron and Steel Institute (AISI) D2 were analyzed by a forging process based on die load data sensing with a piezoelectric bolt. The maximum loads of the sensor in horizontal and vertical directions were 24.7% and 15.8% lower for the fabricated die than those of AISI D2. The findings confirm that the fabricated maraging steel is a suitable manufacturing process for commercial processes and can be used to manufacture dies with complex shapes.

다물체계 동역학을 기반으로 한 와이어로프와 조선용 블록 외판 사이의 간섭 시뮬레이션

조아라(A Ra Jo),구남국(Nam Kug Ku),차주환(Ju Hwan Cha),박광필(Kwang Phil Park),이규열(Kyu Yeul Lee) (사)한국CDE학회 2012 한국CDE학회 논문집 Vol.17 No.5

In this paper, a method for calculating the contact force and the frictional force caused by contacts between the wire rope and the rigid body is introduced based on multibody dynamics. And the method is applied to a simulation of contacts between the wire rope and the shell plate of a block that can occur during shipbuilding. The wire rope is composed of a number of lumped masses and the wire rope segments that connect the masses. After calculating the position of interference, we inserted a contact node into the wire rope. We then derived the equations of motion of the wire rope and the rigid body using augmented formulation based on multibody dynamics taking into account the constraints between the contact node and the rigid body. Using the equations, we were able to obtain the constraint force between the contact node and the rigid body, and calculate the contact force and the frictional force, based on which the position of the contact node was corrected. Finally, we applied our results to perform simulation of contacts between the wire rope and the shell plate of a block in order to verify the efficacy of the method proposed in this paper.

연구논문 : 초등학생의 TV 시청 및 인터넷 이용 실태와 식습관의 관련성 연구 -광주,전남 일부지역을 중심으로-

조아라 ( A Ra Jo ),길진모 ( Jin Mo Khil ) 한국식생활문화학회 2010 韓國食生活文化學會誌 Vol.25 No.2

This study was conducted to examine the relationship between dietary habits and time spent watching TV and using internet, in elementary school children. The data were collected by a questionnaire survey of 712 elementary school children, within Gwangju and Jeonnam area. The SPSS 12.0/win program was used to analyze the 523 samples. Amount of TV-watching time was found to be related to the dietary habit score in the subjects. The children who watch TV "less than 1 hour/day" on weekdays had a better dietary habit score than those who watch TV "more than 1 hour" (p<0.0001). The children who watch TV "less than 2 hours/day" on weekends had a better dietary habit than the children who watch TV "more than 2 hours/day" (p<0.0001). The internet usage was also related to the dietary habit score in these children: those who use internet "less than 1 hour/day" on weekdays had a better dietary habit score than the children who use internet "more than 2 hours/day" (p<0.0001). The children who use internet "less than 2 hours/day" on weekends had a better dietary habit score than the children who use internet "more than 2 hours/day" (p<0.0001). These results indicate that the children tend to have a better diet when their TV and internet time is limited and thus healthy dietary behavior is negatively associated with a sedentary pattern of activity in elementary school children.

400 nm급 폴리에스터 해도형 초극세사 편성물의 감량 및 염색 특성

박영기,조아라,이정진,Park, Young Ki,Jo, A Ra,Lee, Jung Jin 한국섬유공학회 2015 한국섬유공학회지 Vol.52 No.5

The weight reduction and dyeing properties of circular-knitted fabrics, fabricated from sea-island-type polyethylene terephthalate (PET) ultramicrofiber with a single fiber that is approximately 400 nm in diameter, were investigated. It was found that the dissolution ratio was dependent on the process temperature and the concentration of the sodium hydroxide (NaOH) solution used during alkali treatment. The use of a penetrating agent reduced the dissolution rate when using a 1 wt% NaOH solution, but accelerated the dissolution when using a 2 wt% NaOH solution. The dissolution ratio reached its theoretical maximum when the fabric was treated at $95^{\circ}C$ for approximately 40-50 min with a 1 wt% NaOH solution and for approximately 15-20 min with a 2 wt% NaOH solution. Under these treatment conditions, a large number of the sea components were dissolved, although some island components were not separated even in the case of treatment at $95^{\circ}C$ for 50 min with a 1 wt% NaOH solution, as monitored by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The use of a cationic dye staining method also allowed for observation of the dissolution behavior. The color yield of the disperse dye on the alkali-treated fabric was dependent on the dyeing temperature, and the K/S value decreased as the dyeing temperature increased from $110-130^{\circ}C$. The build-up property of the fabric was generally good, the wash fastness was very poor to poor, and the light fastness was poor to fair.

Finite-element analysis of the center of resistance of the mandibular dentition

A-Ra Jo,Sung-Seo Mo,Kee-Joon Lee,Sang-Jin Sung,Youn-Sic Chun 대한치과교정학회 2017 대한치과교정학회지 Vol.47 No.1

Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the three-dimensional (3D) position of the center of resistance of 4 mandibular anterior teeth, 6 mandibular anterior teeth, and the complete mandibular dentition by using 3D finite-element analysis. Methods: Finite-element models included the complete mandibular dentition, periodontal ligament, and alveolar bone. The crowns of teeth in each group were fixed with buccal and lingual arch wires and lingual splint wires to minimize individual tooth movement and to evenly disperse the forces onto the teeth. Each group of teeth was subdivided into 0.5-mm intervals horizontally and vertically, and a force of 200 g was applied on each group. The center of resistance was defined as the point where the applied force induced parallel movement. Results: The center of resistance of the 4 mandibular anterior teeth group was 13.0 mm apical and 6.0 mm posterior, that of the 6 mandibular anterior teeth group was 13.5 mm apical and 8.5 mm posterior, and that of the complete mandibular dentition group was 13.5 mm apical and 25.0 mm posterior to the incisal edge of the mandibular central incisors. Conclusions: Finite-element analysis was useful in determining the 3D position of the center of resistance of the 4 mandibular anterior teeth group, 6 mandibular anterior teeth group, and complete mandibular dentition group.

Effects of Pregnancy Stress and Social Support on Maternal-Fetal Attachment in Pregnant Women

A Ra Jo,Yoon Goo Noh 한국간호과학회 2021 한국간호과학회 학술대회 Vol.2021 No.10

Aim(s): The purpose of this study was to identify the effects of pregnancy stress and social support on maternal-fetal attachment in pregnant women. Method(s): The subjects of this study were 156 pregnant women in their second or third trimester aged 19 years or older who visited the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology of S General Hospital and K Women"s Hospital in C city for prenatal care. Data were collected from July 22 to August 31, 2019, and measurements included pregnancy stress, social support, and maternal-fetal attachment. Data were analyzed by frequency, percentage, mean, standard deviation, t-test, ANOVA, Scheffe test, Pearson Correlation, and stepwise multiple regression analysis using SPSS/WIN 26.0 program. Result(s): It was found that maternal-fetal attachment was negatively correlated with pregnancy stress (r=-.281, p<.001), whereas a positive correlation was observed with social support (r=.457, p<.001). Pregnancy stress had a negative correlation with social support (r=-.276, p<.001). Factors that affect maternal-fetal attachment include friend support (β=.227, p=.010), prenatal education (β=.205, p=.003), gestational age (third trimester) (β =.199, p=.004), support from special person (β=.194, p=.026), and current health status (β=.143, p=.038), and the explanation power was 31.5% (F=12.88, p<.001). Conclusion(s): Our study shows that pregnancy stress and social support plays a significant role in maternal-fetal attachment. For better maternal-fetal attachment, it is important to pay attention to the support from friends and special persons, the prenatal program, and the health status of the pregnant women. The results of this study will serve as basic data for the development of strategies for improving fetal attachment in pregnant women.

Inhibitory effect of moschamine isolated from <i>Carthamus tinctorius</i> on LPS-induced inflammatory mediators via AP-1 and STAT1/3 inactivation in RAW 264.7 macrophages

Jo, A-ra,Han, Hee-soo,Seo, Seunghwan,Shin, Ji-Sun,Lee, Jae Yeol,Kim, Hyoung Ja,Lee, Kyung-Tae Elsevier 2017 Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters Vol.27 No.23

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Seeds of <I>Carthamus tinctorius</I> L. (Compositae) have been used in Korean traditional medicines for the treatment of cardiovascular and bone diseases. In this study, we investigated the anti-inflammatory effects of known serotonin derivatives (<B>1</B>–<B>9</B>) isolated from the ethyl acetate (EtOAc) soluble fraction from the seeds of <I>C. tinctorius</I>. Compound <B>2</B>, identified as moschamine, most potently inhibited lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced production of prostaglandin E<SUB>2</SUB> (PGE<SUB>2</SUB>) and nitric oxide (NO) in RAW 264.7 macrophages. Moschamine concentration-dependently inhibited LPS-induced PGE<SUB>2</SUB> and NO production in RAW 264.7 macrophages. Consistent with these findings, moschamine suppressed the protein and mRNA levels of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), microsomal prostaglandin E<SUB>2</SUB> synthase (mPGES)-1, and inducible NO synthase (iNOS), interleukin (IL)-6, and IL-1β. In addition, pretreatment of moschamine significantly inhibited LPS-stimulated the transcriptional activity of activator protein-1 (AP-1) and the phosphorylation of signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT)1/3 in RAW 264.7 macrophages. Moreover, moschamine inhibited LPS-induced the phosphorylation of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (p38) and extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK), but it had no effect on c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK). These results suggest that the mechanism of anti-inflammatory activity of moschamine is associated with the downregulation of COX-2, mPGES-1, iNOS, IL-6, and IL-1β expression through the suppression of AP-1 and STAT1/3 activation in LPS-induced RAW 264.7 macrophages.</P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>