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Torque control during lingual anterior retraction without posterior appliances
Sung-Seo Mo,Seong-Hun Kim,Sang-Jin Sung,Kyu-Rhim Chung,Yun-Sic Chun,Yoon-Ah Kook,Gerald Nelson 대한치과교정학회 2013 대한치과교정학회지 Vol.43 No.1
Objective: To evaluate the factors that affect torque control during anterior retraction when utilizing the C-retractor with a palatal miniplate as an exclusive source of anchorage without posterior appliances. Methods: The C-retractor was modeled using a 3-dimensional beam element (0.9-mm-diameter stainless-steel wire) attached to mesh bonding pads. Various vertical heights and 2 attachment positions for the lingual anterior retraction hooks (LARHs) were evaluated. A force of 200 g was applied from each side hook of the miniplate to the splinted segment of 6 or 8 anterior teeth. Results: During anterior retraction, an increase in the LARH vertical height increased the amount of lingual root torque and intrusion of the incisors. In particular, with increasing vertical height, the tooth displacement pattern changed from controlled tipping to bodily displacement and then to lingual root displacement. The effects were enhanced when the LARH was located between the central and lateral incisors, as compared to when the LARH was located between the lateral incisors and canines. Conclusions: Three-dimensional lingual anterior retraction of the 6 or 8 anterior teeth can be accomplished using the palatal miniplate as the only anchorage source. Using LARHs at different heights or positions affects the quality of torque and intrusion.
Seo Yeon Yoo,Eunju Kim,Gi-Byoung Nam,Danbi Lee,심주현,Kang Mo Kim,Young-Suk Lim,Han Chu Lee,Young-Hwa Chung,Yung Sang Lee,Jonggi Choi 대한내과학회 2022 The Korean Journal of Internal Medicine Vol.37 No.3
Background/Aims: The safety of direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs) compared with warfarin in patients with both nonvalvular atrial fibrillation (AF) and clinically confirmed liver cirrhosis (LC) has not been well studied. We compared the risk of a major bleeding event between DOAC and warfarin treatments in this patient population. Methods: A total of 238 cirrhotic patients with AF were retrospectively analyzed. The major bleeding event risk was compared between DOAC- and warfarin-treated groups. The median follow-up duration was 5.6 years. Results: Among the 238 study patients with LC and AF, 128 (53.8%) received DOACs and 110 (46.2%) received warfarin. The mean patient age was 68.8 years, and 78.2% were men. A major bleeding event occurred in 10 and 20 patients in the DOAC and warfarin groups, respectively, most commonly caused by gastrointestinal bleeding (70.0%). The cumulative risk of major bleeding did not differ between the groups by log-rank test (p = 0.12). This finding did not change when using 60 propensity score-matched pairs. A multivariable Cox regression model indicated that the concomitant use of antiplatelet agents (adjusted hazard ratio [aHR], 2.06; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.00 to 4.30; p = 0.048) and presence of esophageal or gastric varices confirmed by endoscopic examination (aHR, 2.31; 95% CI, 1.03 to 5.17; p = 0.04) were associated with major bleeding in the entire cohort. Conclusions: A major bleeding event risk is not increased by DOAC compared with warfarin treatment. Antiplatelet agent use and varices are independently associated with a higher risk of major bleeding during anticoagulation.
Seo-Yeon Ahn,Sang Kyun Son,Gyu Hyung Lee,Inho Kim,June-Won Cheong,Won Sik Lee,Byung Soo Kim,Deog-Yeon Jo,Chul Won Jung,Chu Myoung Seong,Jae Hoon Lee,Young Jin Yuh,Min Kyoung Kim,Hun-Mo Ryoo,Moo-Rim Pa 대한혈액학회 2022 Blood Research Vol.57 No.2
Background Nilotinib is a tyrosine kinase inhibitor approved by the Ministry of Food and Drug Safety for frontline and 2nd line treatment of Philadelphia chromosome-positive chronic myeloid leukemia (Ph+ CML). This study aimed to confirm the safety and efficacy of nilotinib in routine clinical practice within South Korea. Methods An open-label, multicenter, single-arm, 12-week observational post-marketing surveillance (PMS) study was conducted on 669 Korean adult patients with Ph+ CML from December 24, 2010, to December 23, 2016. The patients received nilotinib treatment in routine clinical practice settings. Safety was evaluated by all types of adverse events (AEs) during the study period, and efficacy was evaluated by the complete hematological response (CHR) and cytogenetic response. Results During the study period, AEs occurred in 61.3% (410 patients, 973 events), adverse drug reactions (ADRs) in 40.5% (271/669 patients, 559 events), serious AEs in 4.5% (30 patients, 37 events), and serious ADRs in 0.7% (5 patients, 8 events). Furthermore, unexpected AEs occurred at a rate of 6.9% (46 patients, 55 events) and unexpected ADRs at 1.2% (8 patients, 8 events). As for the efficacy results, CHR was achieved in 89.5% (442/494 patients), and minor cytogenetic response or major cytogenetic response was achieved in 85.8% (139/162 patients). Conclusion This PMS study shows consistent results in terms of safety and efficacy compared with previous studies. Nilotinib was well tolerated and efficacious in adult Korean patients with Ph+ CML in routine clinical practice settings.
Effects of White Radish (Raphanus sativus) Enzyme Extract on Hepatotoxicity
Sang Wha Lee,Kwang Mo Yang,Jung Ki Kim,Byung Hyouk Nam,Chang Min Lee,Min Ho Jeong,Su Yeong Seo,Gi Yong Kim,Wol-Soon Jo 한국독성학회 2012 Toxicological Research Vol.28 No.3
Raphanus sativus (Cruciferaceae), commonly known as radish is widely available throughout the world. From antiquity it has been used in folk medicine as a natural drug against many toxicants. The present study was designed to evaluate the hepatoprotective activity of radish (Raphanus sativus) enzyme extract (REE) in vitro and in vivo test. The IC50 values of REE in human liver derived HepG2 cells was over 5,000 μg/ml in tested maximum concentration. The effect of REE to protect tacrine-induced cytotoxicity in HepG2 cells was evaluated by MTT assay. REE showed their hepatoprotective activities on tacrineinduced cytotoxicity and the EC50 value was 1,250 μg/ml. Silymarin, an antihepatotoxic agent used as a positive control exhibited 59.7% hepatoprotective activitiy at 100 μg/ml. Moreover, we tested the effect of EE on carbon tetrachloride (CCl4)-induced liver toxicity in rats. REE at dose of 50 and 100 mg/kg and silymarin at dose of 50 mg/kg were orally administered to CCl₄-treated rats. The results showed that REE and silymarin significantly reduced the elevated levels of serum enzyme markers induced by CCl₄. The biochemical data were supported by evaluation with liver histopathology. These findings suggest that REE, can significantly diminish hepatic damage by toxic agent such as tacrine or CCl₄.
Identification of Molecular Markers Linked to the Le gene in Soybean
Mo-Se Park,Kyoung-Ja Lee,Mi-Kyung Sung,Sang-Bae Seo,Kyung-Roc Kim,Jong-Il Chung 한국작물학회 2008 한국작물학회 학술발표대회 논문집 Vol.2008 No.10
Lectin protein is a main antinutritional factor in mature soybean seed. The Le gene controls a lectin protein. Plant breeders can use molecular markers to select indirectly individuals in segregating populations that carry a gene for a favorable trait if a tight linkage exists between a marker locus and the genetic locus controlling that trait. The objective of this research was to identify RAPD markers linked to Le allele using bulked segregant analysis. Cultivar "Gaechuck#2" (LeLe) was crossed with PI548391(lele, absence of lectin protein) and F1 seeds were planted. The F1 plants were grown in the greenhouse to produce F2 seeds. Each F2 seed from F1 plants was analysed electrophoretically to determine the presence of the lectin protein band. F2 individual plants were grown in the greenhouse. Young leaf tissues from each F2 plant were collected. At maturity, single F2 plants were harvested. Random F3 seeds from individual F3 seeds harvested were selected and were used to confirm the presence of the lectin protein band. The dominant and recessive F2 plant leaf bulks consisted with ten F2 individual plants were made. 1,000 Operon random primers were used to screen polymorphic band between dominant and recessive bulk. The presence of lectin protein is dominant to the lack of a lectin protein and lectin protein was controlled by a single locus. A few primers that shows polymorphism in bulked samples were selected and were used to obtain segregating data in F2 individual plants.
Targeted inactivation of transcription factors by overexpression of their truncated forms in plants
Seo, Pil Joon,Hong, Shin‐,Young,Ryu, Jae Yong,Jeong, Eun‐,Young,Kim, Sang‐,Gyu,Baldwin, Ian T.,Park, Chung‐,Mo Blackwell Publishing Ltd 2012 The Plant journal Vol.72 No.1
<P><B>Summary</B></P><P>Transcription factors are central constituents of gene regulatory networks that control diverse aspects of plant development and environmental adaptability. Therefore they have been explored for decades as primary targets for agricultural biotechnology. A gene of interest can readily be introduced into many crop plants, whereas targeted gene inactivation is practically difficult in many cases. Here, we developed an artificial small interfering peptide (a‐siPEP) approach, which is based on overexpression of specific protein domains, and evaluated its application for the targeted inactivation of transcription factors in the dicot model, Arabidopsis, and monocot model, <I>Brachypodium</I>. We designed potential a‐siPEPs of two representative MADS box transcription factors, SUPPRESSOR OF OVEREXPRESSOR OF CONSTANS 1 (SOC1) and AGAMOUS (AG), and a MYB transcription factor, LATE ELONGATED HYPOCOTYL (LHY). Transgenic plants overproducing the a‐siPEPs displayed phenotypes comparable to those of gene‐deficient mutants. The a‐siPEPs attenuate nuclear import and DNA‐binding of target transcription factors. Our data demonstrate that the a‐siPEP tool is an efficient genetic means of inactivating specific transcription factors in plants.</P>