군발두통 양상으로 발현한 톨로사-헌트증후군

조자현,김선정,김대현 대한신경과학회 2021 대한신경과학회지 Vol.39 No.4

A 48-year-old man came with a left-sided headache that was compatible with diagnostic criteria of cluster headache. Left oculomotor nerve palsy developed 2 weeks after headache onset. Magnetic resonance imaging showed wall thickening and enhancement by contrast material in the lateral aspect of the left cavernous sinus, consistent with a possible inflammatory lesion. The patient reported the almost complete remission of the pain and diplopia after steroid therapy. We speculate that Tolosa-Hunt syndrome should be included as a cause of cluster-like headaches.

부산 권역 급성 뇌졸중 핫라인을 통한 뇌졸중 진료 체계 구축 타당성

조자현,정혜인,윤별아,김대현,차재관 대한신경과학회 2023 대한신경과학회지 Vol.41 No.4

Background: The importance of establishing a regional stroke safety net for the treatment of acute stroke is increasingly emphasized. In this study, we analyzed effectiveness of transferring the suspected acute ischemic stroke (AIS) patients through the 1899-0215 hotline system from 119 ambulances and nearby hospitals. Methods: From July 2015 to July 2022, we analyzed data from 632 suspected acute stroke patients through the hotline. Furthermore, we investigated the proportion of patients in the target population who were eligible for reperfusion therapy and compared cases transferred by 119 emergency services (EMS) with those transferred from nearby hospitals. Results: Six hundred thirty-two suspected acute stroke patients were transferred to our stroke center through the 1899-0215 hotline system. The accuracy of diagnosing acute stroke among transferred patients is 81.0% for 119 EMS and 80.5% for cases transferred from nearby hospitals. Of the 200 patients transferred from hospitals, they were transferred from 47 nearby hospitals with an average transfer distance of 38.2 km and an average transfer time of 65 minutes. Among 291 patients diagnosed with AIS, The onset-to-door time was significantly shorter (p<0.01) for patients transferred by 119 EMS. The proportion of patients who received reperfusion therapy was significantly higher (p<0.01) for those transferred by 119 EMS. Conclusions: The hotline service will become a useful tool for establishing a regional stroke network in the Busan area, and its effectiveness will be particularly useful for 119 EMS. Measures are needed in the Busan metropolitan region to ensure the speediness of transferring acute stroke patients between hospitals.

여성의 수면무호흡

조자현,이지현,Christine Won,조우영 한국정신병리-진단분류학회 2023 精神病理學 Vol.27 No.1

Classic obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is characterized by recurrent apneas and hypopneas associated with oxygen desaturation and/or arousals. Women show more nocturnal arousals with clinical presentations such as such as daytime fatigue, concentration difficulty, mood swing associated with depression and insomnia, while men have more daytime excessive sleepiness. Development and consequence of OSA vary depending on subtypes of OSA.

계녀가(誡女歌)에 나타난 조선후기 양반 여성들의 감정구조 -「복선화음가(福善禍淫歌)」를 중심으로-

조자현 ( Cho Ja-hyun ) 국제어문학회 ( 구 국제어문학연구회 ) 2009 국제어문 Vol.46 No.-

조선후기 양반 부녀자들에 의해 창작이 이루어진 `계녀가`는 딸에게 시집살이 덕목을 가르치고 경계하는 노래이다. `계녀가`는 양반 남성이 지은 `계녀서`의 체제를 그대로 가사화한 것인데 유교적 이데올로기와 가부장적 가족제도를 공고히 할 목적으로 지어졌다. `계녀가`가 가부장적 질서를 표방하고 있는 것은 사실이지만 여성들이 `계녀가`를 통해 전승시키고자 했던 것은 유교적 이데올로기가 아니라 가부장적 질서 안에서 자신의 삶을 성공적으로 살아 내는 것, 스스로가 자신의 삶의 주체가 되는 것이었다고 할 수 있는데, 이는 양반 여성이 갖는 이중적 위치를 생각할 때 더욱 분명해진다. `계녀가`를 지은 여성들은 성적인 면에서는 남성의 지배를 받는 피지배층이었지만 신분적으로는 남성과 동일하게 지배층에 속했다. 일정한 나이가 되면 집안의 안주인으로서 살아야 했던 양반 여성들 역시 양반으로서의 정체성과 가문의식을 갖고 있었을 것이다. 가부장적 가족제도는 여성을 억압하는 구조적 장치였으나 여성들로서는 자신의 삶을 살아가야 할 기반이기도 했던 것이다. 그 속에서 며느리로서, 아내로서 시가의 당당한 일원으로 살아가기 위한 구체적인 방법들을 `계녀가`를 통해 담론화했다고 할 수 있다. 이러한 담론화를 통해 여성들은 공통의 `감정구조(Sturctures of feeling)`를 만들어 갔을 것으로 보인다. 이는 여성들이 단순히 필사자가 아닌 창작 주체로서 계녀가를 향유했음을 의미한다. 계녀가를 짓고 향유한 여성들은 양반이면서 여성이라는 공통요소를 지닌 채 같은 경험을 공유한 특정한 공동체이며 변화하는 세대에서 그들만의 문화를 형성해 나간 부상하는 존재들이었다. 이러한 `계녀가`는 조선후기로 가면서 내용상으로나 양식상으로나 큰 변화를 겪게 되는데, 이 시기 새롭게 등장한 것이 「복선화음가」 계열의 계녀가이다. 이 작품은 여성의 적극적인 치산활동을 담론화하고 있는데 「복선화음가」가 여러 형태의 이본을 산출하며 다수 유통된 것은 당시 여성들에게 치산의 문제가 얼마나 중요한 담론이었는가를 짐작하게 한다. 적극적인 치산행위를 통해 부를 이루고 그 부를 바탕으로 남편과 자식들을 성공시킴으로써 행복한 말년을 보내는 「복선화음가」 이씨 부인의 이야기는 당대의 여성들이라면 누구나 꿈꾸는 공통의 정서를 구조화한 것이다. 그러므로 「복선화음가」는 변화하는 시대에 여성들 스스로가 어떻게 살아야 할지에 대한 해답을 모색해 가는 과정을 보여준다고 하겠다. 그리고 그 과정은 다른 여성들과의 공유를 통해서 이루어진다. `Gyeneaga`, which was created by female yangbans in the latter period of ChoSun Dynasty, was a song aimed at teaching their daughters what they should do in their husband`s house and urging them to stay on the right course. The song immitating exactly the system of `Gyenease` created by male yangbans was intended to consolidate Confucian ideology and the patriarchal family structure. While Gyeneaga was explicitly in support of the patriarchal order, what females tried to hand down by means of this song may have been how to lead a successful life in such a male-oriented social order and develop themselves into the main player of their own life, not Confucian ideology. The point becomes even clearer in that women at that time were in a duel position. Those women who created `Gyeneaga` were the ruled under the direct influence of men in terms of their gender, but were among the ruling class as their male counterparts were in terms of their social position. Female yangbans, who should play a mistress role after coming to a certain age, must have had their own identity as yangban and a sense of family as well. While the male-dominated family system was a kind of social structure suppressing women, it was at the same time a foundation on which women had to lead their own life. It may be said that they piled up theoretically in `Gyeneaga` all the concrete measures they had to learn in order to properly live in such a social system as daughter-in-law and wife in their husband`s house. By this discussion, women may have built up common structures of feeling. That means female yangbans enjoyed `Gyeneaga` as a creator, not a transcriber. Those who made and enjoyed `Gyeneaga` consisted of a specific community where they had their sex as a woman and social position as a yangban in common, and they were the rising group who established their unique culture at a rapidly-changing age. Huge changes were made in the contents and forms of `Gyeneaga` as the latter period of ChoSun Dynasty arrived, and fresh types of Gyeneagas like < Boksunhwaeumga > showed up those days. This Gyeneaga discussed the way women positively managed their property. The fact that < Boksunhwaeumga > brought about a variety of editions in wide circulation leads us to believe how essential an issue it was to women to successfully manage their property. The story of Ms. Kim, a heroine of < Boksunhwaeumga >, who accumulated a great deal of wealth by aggressively managing possessions and made her husband and children successful with the assistance of her wealth, could be seen as an attempt to construct a common sentiment of which every woman dreamed at that time. Therefore, < Boksunhwaeumga > showed the process in which women sought to find an answer for how to lead a life as a female in those changing days. And that process was in motion by sharing it with other women.

솔라 타워용 공기식 흡수기를 위한 충진재의 열전달 및 압력 강하 특성

조자현(J. H. Cho),이주한(J. H. Lee),김용(Y. Kim),전용한(Y. H. Jeon),서태범(T. B. Seo),강용혁(Y. H. Kang) 대한기계학회 2007 대한기계학회 춘추학술대회 Vol.2007 No.5

Characteristics of heat transfer and pressure drops of fills for solar tower volumetric air receivers are experimentally investigated with the material and the thickness. The volumetric air receiver considered in this paper consists of a ceramic tube and fills are inserted in the ceramic tube. Air is used as the working fluid. Two materials, which are a honeycomb(diameter: 100㎜, thickness: 30㎜) and laminated mesh(diameter: 100㎜, thickness: 1㎜), are considered as the fills. In order to investigate the characteristics of heat transfer of fills, this volumetric air receiver is heated by an electric heater and air temperatures in ceramic tube are measured. Also, the radiative shields are installed to measure the only air temperature. In addition, the pressure losses are measured with the thickness of fills while the air goes through the fills inserted in an acrylic tube. The flow becomes turbulent and fully developed in front of the fills. The results show that the heat transfer and pressure drop characteristics of the laminated mesh are superior to those of the honeycomb.

초분, 한국 이중장제의 분석심리학적 고찰 : 부패와 뼈로의 환원을 중심으로

조자현 ( Jahyeon Cho ) 한국분석심리학회 2016 心性硏究 Vol.31 No.2

초분은 살이 다 썩어 없어질 때까지 관에 넣은 시신을 짚으로 싸두는 초가형태의 임시 무덤을 말한다. 모든 살이 다 없어지고 나면, 초분은 해체되고, 뼈만 추려 다시 묻는다. 이러한 방식의 초분은 따라서 처음 시신의 살을 처리하기 위한 임시 매장과 이후 남은 부분(뼈나 재)을 영구히 매장 하는 이중장제에 속한다. 초분은 사람이 잘 가지 않고, 집에서도 떨어져 있지만, 유족이 가서 돌볼 수 있는 곳을 택해 만들어지는데, 심리학적으로 이것은 지속적인 관심을 쏟을 수 있으면서도 고요히 격리될 수 있는 곳, 다시 말해 심리적인 재생이 일어나는 장소이다. 초분을 두는 기간, 일차장의 기간을 정하는데 가장 중요한 점은 뼈만 남길 때까지 기다려야 하는 기간이 얼마나 되는지, 그리하여 초분을 해체하였을 때 완전한 뼈 상태를 확인할 수 있는지와 관련된 것이다. 여기서 초분이 부패와 뼈로의 환원을 목표로 하고 있음을 알 수 있다. 부패와 새로운 생명의 탄생은 연금술 문헌에서 보듯 동시에 일어난다. 부패의 최종 목적은 육신을 영적 상태로 만들고, 그리하여 죽은 자를 다른 삶으로 들어갈 수 있게 만들어 주는 것이다. 그러기 위해서는 아주 불안정한 상태에서, 부패를 견뎌내고, 썩는 냄새가 모두 사라지는 것을 기다려야 한다. 썩히는 것은 그리하여 육화된 세계, 몸을 용해시켜 없애고, 그 핵심, 열매만을 남기는 것을 목표로 한다. 부패의 과정은 자기 스스로의 오염되고 끔찍한 측면을 받아들이는 태도이며, 무력하고 수동적인 자세를 취함으로써, 새로운 생명이 오게하는 것이다. 원형적인 세계, 무의식은 우리가 접근하려 할 때, 종종 위협적이고 공격적인, 더러운 무엇으로 경험된다. 개성화 과정에서, 우리가 우리 정신의 이 끔찍하고 오염된 부분들을 볼 수 있는 용기를 낼 때만이, 무의식은 우리에게 새로운 영적 각성과 새로운 삶의 감각이라는 축복을 주는데, 이것이 부패가 의미하는 것이다. 뼈와 골격은 생명의 부술 수 없는, 소멸되지 않는 본질적인 요소를 상징한다. 뼈는 재생을 위한 최소 단위이자, 재생의 바탕이 되며, 여기서 새로운 생명이 자라나게 된다. 뼈의 상태로 환원은 생명의 바로 그 원천으로 돌아감을, 자궁으로 다시 들어가 심리적으로 자신의 자아중심성을 버리고, 자기가 개성화의 전 과정을 이끌도록 허용하는 것이다. 앞으로의 발달을 위해, 골격 상태로의 환원의 어려운 과정을 겪는 것은, 자아의 죽음의 선언이며, 그 목적은 자신을 썩기 쉽고 덧없는 살과 피, 육신에서 해방시키고, 전체로서의 영적인 갱신, 생명의 불멸의 요소를 얻기 위함이다. 초분은 또한 식물의 순환에서 해마다 보이는 부패와 생명의 부활을 보여준다. 초분에서는 이러한 식물의 순환의 상징이 다른 일반적인 한국 전통 상장례에서보다 명확하고 강하게 드러나는데, 죽음에도 살아남는 생명의 부분을 식물의 상징을 통해 경험하게 한다. 초분과 관련된 식물은 죽음 후의 생명의 지속성, 심리적으로 말해, 자기의 존재를 말한다. 초분에서 드러나는 풍부한 식물의 이미지들은, 모든 것이 사라진 죽음의 상태 너머에 존재하는 생명의 존재와 관련되어 있으며, 심리학적으로 우리의 삶에 정신에 끝없는 에너지를 공급하는 영원히 존재하며 의식을 다시 태어나게 하고 새롭게 하는 자기의 존재를 이야기한다. Chobun refers to a temporary grave covered with straw thatch that contains a corpse until its flesh is gone. When all the flesh has rotted away, the straw grave is disassembled and only the bones are retrieved. Therefore, Chobun is an example of a secondary burial custom (German : Doppel Bestattung) that is composed of a first temporary funeral for processing the corpse`s flesh, and a second permanent burial of the final remains (bones or ashes). The duration of the temporary burial is determined by the time needed for decomposing the flesh of the deceased. Building a Chobun progresses putrefaction and reduction to bone. In the literature of alchemy, putrefaction and new life occur simultaneously. The purpose of rotting is to make the flesh disappear, leaving only its essence. It is making the physical body enter a spiritual state, so that the dead can enter into a different world. One must endure the unstable rotting process until the smell of flesh has faded. The rotting process is the attitude of accepting the terrible, polluted aspect of the corpse, while maintaining a helpless, passive posture, in order to allow new possibilities. When we try to approach an archetypal aspect of the unconscious, it is often experienced in threatening, aggressive ways. In the individuation process, the unconscious offers us the blessing of a new spiritual awakening and renewed sense of life, only when we have the courage to see this terrifying and contaminated side of our psyche. This is exactly what putrefaction means. Bone and skeleton symbolize the indestructible, imperishable, and essential elements of life. Bone is the minimum unit and foundation for regeneration, where new life can grow. Reduction to bone is moving back to the origin of life, to the womb. Psychologically, it means discarding one`s ego-centeredness and allowing the Self to lead the entire process of individuation. Going through the painful process of reduction to a skeleton for the purpose of further development is a declaration of the death of the ego, aiming at the liberation from perishable flesh and acquisition of the spiritual, regenerative, and immortal elements of life. Chobun also denotes the yearly decay and revival of life, especially of vegetal life. In Chobun, this symbolic meaning of the vegetal cycle of life is emphasized to represent the part of life that survives even after death. Vegetation related to Chobun deals with the continuity of life and psychologically with the Self. Images of vegetation are closely related to the existence of life beyond death, which is the existence of the Self, the source of energy that constantly renews and rejuvenates the consciousness.

고온 태양열 공기식 흡수기의 충진재 변화에 따른 열전달 및 압력강하 성능 분석

조자현(Ja Hyun Cho),이주한(Ju Han Lee),강경문(Kyung Mun Kang),서태범(Tae Beom Seo) 대한설비공학회 2008 설비공학 논문집 Vol.20 No.11

The characteristics of heat transfer and pressure drop of several different porous materials which can be used as inserts inside solar volumetric air receivers were experimentally investigated. Generally, porous materials were inserted into solar volumetric air receivers to increase the thermal performance. In the present work, honeycomb (diameter: 100 ㎜, thickness: 30 ㎜), laminated mesh (diameter: 100 ㎜, thickness: 1 ㎜) are considered as the inserts for the experiment. The experimental apparatus consists mainly of a cylindrical ceramic duct as a receiver and an electric heater as an energy source. This system is an intake open loop, which used as air of working fluid. The temperatures inside the ceramic tube are measured by thermocouples, which are installed at each layer of the porous materials. The pressure-drop experimental apparatus is fabricated alike the above experimental equipment. An acrylic tube is used like as the ceramic tube, which has the same specifications of the ceramic tube. The pressure drop of porous materials inserted in the acrylic tube is measured between front and rear of those by transmitter. The results show that the laminated mesh surpasses the honeycomb of heat transfer and pressure drop increase as the porous material thickness and Reynolds number.

<복선화음가(福善禍淫歌)>의 서술구조에 대한 화쟁기호학적(和諍記號學的) 분석

조자현 ( Ja Hyun Cho ) 한국시가학회 2009 韓國 詩歌硏究 Vol.26 No.-

급성뇌경색과 동반된 고혈압뇌간뇌병증

김선정,조자현,진보라,김대현 대한신경과학회 2022 대한신경과학회지 Vol.40 No.3

Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome is a clinicoradiological syndrome characterized by a unique reversible pattern on imaging and total regression of clinical symptoms and signs. Hypertensive brainstem encephalopathy (HBE), a brainstem variant of posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome, is rare. In addition, a concomitant occurrence of acute ischemic stroke and HBE is even more rare. We here report three patients with HBE accompanied by acute cerebral infarction detected by brain magnetic resonance imaging and the importance of initial blood pressure control.

정신분열병과 Glutathione S-Transferase M1유전자 다형성

배치운,조자현,김연주,김태석,김정진,이창욱,이수정,전태연,이철,백인호 大韓神經精神醫學會 2004 신경정신의학 Vol.43 No.5

Objectives : This study aimed to test the possible association between Glutathione S-Transferase Ml gene (GSTMl) variants and schizophrenia. Methods : One hundred and eleven inpatients with schizophrenia and 130 healthy controls were recruited. Genotyping was performed by polymerase chain reaction-based method. Results : The GSTMl null genotype was significantly more frequent in patients with schizophrenia than in controls (p=0.014, odd ratio=1.93, 95% confidence interva1=1.115-3.351), while GSTMl genotype vahants were not associated with either tardive dyskinesia (TD) or total Abnormal Involuntary Movement Scale (AIMS) scores. Conclusion : The present study suggests that the GSTMl polymorphism may confer susceptibility to the development of schizophrenia but not to TD, at least in Korean population.