증류수 및 NaCl 용액내 SnPb 솔더 합금의 Electrochemical Migration 우세 확산원소 분석

정자영,이신복,유영란,김영식,주영창,박영배,Jung, Ja-Young,Lee, Shin-Bok,Yoo, Young-Ran,Kim, Young-Sik,Joo, Young-Chang,Park, Young-Bae 한국마이크로전자및패키징학회 2006 마이크로전자 및 패키징학회지 Vol.13 No.3

인쇄회로기판이나 플라스틱 패키지 등 다양한 전자소자 부품내 배선간 간격이 갈수록 좁아짐에 따라 최근 많이 발생하고 있는 electrochemical migration(ECM) 현상은 양극에서 이온화된 금속에 의한 conductive anodic filament(CAF) 및 덴드라이트와 같은 전도성 필라멘트의 성장으로 인해 전자부품의 절연파괴를 일으키고 있다. 본 연구에서는 공정조성 Sn-37Pb솔더 합금의 ECM 거동과 부식특성 사이의 연관성 평가를 통해 ECM 우세원소를 파악하기 위해 D.I Water 및 NaCl 용액에서 Water Drop Test(WDT)와 분극실험을 실시하여 서로 비교하였다. WDT 실시 결과 공정조성 Sn-37Pb 솔더 합금에서 Pb-rich 상이 Sn-rich 상보다 우선적으로 양극 패드에서 녹아나서 상대적으로 ECM 저항성이 낮았으며, 음극패드에서 자라난 덴드라이트에도 Pb가 훨씬 많이 존재하였다. NaCl에서의 분극실험 결과 전기화학적으로 부동태 피막을 형성하는 Sn에 비해 Pb의 부식속도가 크게 나타났으며, WDT의 결과와 같은 경향을 보였다. 따라서 공정조성 SnPb 솔더 합금의 부식저항성과 ECM 저항성 사이에는 좋은 상관관계가 존재한다. Higher density integration and adoption of new materials in advanced electronic package systems result in severe electrochemical reliability issues in microelectronic packaging due to higher electric field under high temperature and humidity conditions. Under these harsh conditions, metal interconnects respond to applied voltages by electrochemical ionization and conductive filament formation, which leads to short-circuit failure of the electronic package. In this work, in-situ water drop test and evaluation of corrosion characteristics for SnPb solder alloys in D.I. water and NaCl solutions were carried out to understand the fundamental electrochemical migration characteristics and to correlate each other. It was revealed that electrochemical migration behavior of SnPb solder alloys was closely related to the corrosion characteristics, and Pb was primarily ionized in both D.I. water and $Cl^{-}$ solutions. The quality of passive film formed at film surface seems to be critical not only for corrosion resistance but also for ECM resistance of solder alloys.

간질환 치료 후보물질 효능검색 및 간질환 치료제 약물 검색법 확립

정자영,이국경,황명실,김윤정,강호일,원도희,김옥희 한국실험동물학회 1999 한국실험동물학회 학술발표대회 논문집 Vol.1999 No.-

교사클릭 : 문화엿보기: 아이들의 선한 영향력:아름다운 바자회

정자영 장로회신학대학교 기독교교육연구원 2010 교육교회 Vol.395 No.-

Retinoic acid가 랫드 전암 간세포의 중식과 Natural killer 세포의 활성에 미치는 효과

정자영 대한수의학회 1994 대한수의학회 학술대회발표집 Vol.1994 No.-

랫드의 간암 발생과정에서 분리한 자연살해세포의 활성측정 및 특성연구

정자영,이국경,길광섭,이영순,Jeong, Ja-young,Lee, Kuk-kyung,Kil, Jwang-sup,Lee, Yong-soon 대한수의학회 1999 大韓獸醫學會誌 Vol.39 No.1

The purposes of this study were to set up the method of the natural killer(NK) cell activity assay using the flow cytometer and to examine the characteristics and distribution of the NK cell during rat hepatocarcinogenesis. Forty five male 6 week-old specific pathogen free(SPF) Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into three groups. Group I was the non-treated control and given normal diet and water. Group II was treated with diethylnitrosamine(DEN, 200mg/kg, i.p.) and partial hepatectomy. Group III was treated with DEN, partial hepatectomy and 0.05% phenobarbital sodium in water from 3 to 16 weeks. All animals were examined the morphology of the large granular lymphocyte(LGL), the LGL percent of the total lymphocytes and the LGL conjugation rate with YAC-1 cell in peripheral blood, spleen and liver. Moreover, activity of the LGL isolated from peripheral blood lymphocytes was determined using the flow cytometer. As results, LGL were observed in the peripheral blood, spleen and liver. LGL were observed the relatively faintly staining basophilic cytoplasm with granules, and eccentric, often kidney-shaped nuclei in Giemsa stain. Its size was $11{\sim}13{\mu}m$. LGL percentage of the isolated lymphocytes in peripheral blood, spleen and liver were 1.8~2.3%, 1.3~1.4% and 0.87~0.99%, respectively. LGL conjugation rate with YAC-1 cell was shown to be peripheral blood(9.3~10.3 %) > spleen(7.7~8.7%) > liver(5.6~7.0%). The activity of the LGL isolated from peripheral blood lymphocytes in Group I, II and III was 33.7%, 30.5% and 35.4%, respectively. However, all values were not significantly between groups.

소비자의 인구통계학적 특성과 커피 소비동기가 커피전문점 재방문의도에 미치는 영향

정자영 한국자료분석학회 2013 Journal of the Korean Data Analysis Society Vol.15 No.5

우리나라에서 커피소비가 꾸준하게 늘어오고 있는데 특히 커피전문점을 통한 커피소비가 급격하게 증가해왔다. 본 논문에서는 커피 소비동기와 커피전문점 재방문 등에 관하여 세 가지의 가설을 중심으로 연구하였다. 첫째, 인구통계적 특성이 커피전문점 재방문의도에 영향을 미치는지, 둘째 커피 소비동기가 커피전문점의 재방문의도에 영향을 미치는지, 셋째, 인구통계적 특성에 따라 커피 소비동기와 커피전문점 재방문의도에 차이가 있는 지를 연구하는 것이 연구의 목적이었다. 커피 소비동기는 웰빙적 동기, 기분전환적 동기, 사회적 동기, 습관적 동기, 정서적 동기 등 5가지로 나누었다. 인구통계적 특성은 성별, 연령, 결혼여부, 직업, 학력, 거주지, 월평균소득, 월평균외식비 등 8가지를 중심으로 연구하였다. 연구 본 연구를 위하여 2013년 3월에 서울과 경기도에 거주하는 사람들을 중심으로 600부의 설문지를 배포하여 480부를 회수하고 유의성이 있는 470부를 자료 분석에 사용하였다. 웰빙적 동기를 제외한 기분전환적 동기, 사회적 동기, 습관적 동기, 정서적 동기 등이 커피전문점 재방문의도에 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 인구통계적 특성에 따른 커피소비동기는 성별, 결혼유무, 학력 등에 따라 커피 소비동기에 차이가 있었다. 인구통계적 특성에 따른 커피전문점 재방문의도는 학력과 월평균 외식비를 제외한 나머지 인구통계학적 변수에 따라서 재방문의도에 통계적으로 차이가 있는 것으로 나타났다. The purpose of this study was to find out whether factors of the demographic characteristics affect the revisit intention of the coffee shop, the motivations of coffee consumption affect the revisit intention of coffee shop, and there were statistic differences according to the demographic factors. The survey was conducted on Seoul City and Kyeongki-do province in March. 600 questionnaires were distributed and 480 sheets were collected and 470 samples were used for the analysis this study. The results of this study were as follows. First, except for the wellbeing-motivation all the other motivations statistically affected on the revisit intention of coffee shop. Second, according to the demographic characteristics such as gender, marital status, education level, there were statistic differences on the motivations of coffee consumption. Third, there were statistic differences on the revisit intention of coffee shop according to the gender, age, marital status, occupations, and incomes. The implications this study were there were different motivations of coffee consumptions, and the revisit intention of coffee shop were affected according to the demographic characteristics.

애플리케이션 질 평가 도구를 활용한 워치페이스 모바일 애플리케이션의 질적 평가 -타임플릭과 페이서 애플리케이션 서비스를 중심으로-

정자영,김승인 한국기초조형학회 2023 기초조형학연구 Vol.24 No.6

This study aims to contribute to the future development of watchface applications through qualitative evaluation of watchface production and download services on the TIMEFLIK and FACER platforms. As a research method, the market and prospects of smartwatches and watchfaces, as well as the definition and function of watchfaces, were first considered through literature research. Secondly, the most downloaded ‘FACER’ among the world's watchface customization mobile application services and the most downloaded ‘TIMEFLIK’ application in Korea were evaluated using the Mobile Application Rating Scale (MARS) tool. The results obtained from the analysis using the MARS were compared and analyzed. The findings were as follows: 1) In iOS operating system applications, FACER was rated superior to TIMEFLIK in four out of the five areas : Aesthetics, Engagement, Functionality, Information. Notably, FACER outperformed TIMEFLIK in the functionality and informativeness categories. 2) In Android operating system applications, TIMEFLIK received higher scores than FACER in four out of the five areas : Aesthetics, Engagement, Functionality, Information. Particularly, TIMEFLIK demonstrated superior ratings in aesthetics and engagement, attributed to visual appeal resulting from content diversity, watchface variety, and the convenience of creation tools. In this study, it is important to consider the following : 1) Linguistic limitations of the researchers participating in the experiment. 2) Aesthetic preferences of applications may vary by country. 3) Researchers' familiarity and convenience with the terminal operating system can introduce bias into the evaluation results. Future follow-up studies should address the limitations of this study. The results of this study have identified the characteristics of each application and areas for improvement, which will aid in the future development of watchface applications.

커피 전문점 선택속성이 재방문의도에 미치는 영향 : 브랜드 신뢰의 조절효과

정자영 한국디지털정책학회 2013 디지털융복합연구 Vol.11 No.11

스캠퍼 기법을 활용한 스마트 스트랩 디자인 제안 -MR TIME을 기반으로

정자영,장경국 한국기초조형학회 2022 기초조형학연구 Vol.23 No.1

This study aims to contribute to the design development of smartwatch strap by identifying features, preferences and sales rate on collaborated straps on MR TIME both online and offline platform, leading to proposing new smart strap designs based on SCAMPER technique methods. The initial literature study has classified the current watch strap market by its type and function as well as the buyer’s preferences and sales rate of both online and offline platform. Secondly, new strap designs were proposed by collaborating with three well-known brands; a fashion brand ‘NERDY’, a lifestyle brand ‘Wiggle Wiggle’, and a British design brand ‘PETS ROCK’. These straps were designed within few SCAMPER technique methods that can be applied to smartwatch strap design, based on the most popular smartwatch ‘Maison Kitsune edition’, which recorded the first place in total sales in their first launching year. Also the study has figured out the preferences on proposed designs based on sales volume on online and offline channel each. The result showed that the proposed all designs which developed using SCAMPER technique methods(Fashion Brand ‘NERDY’ : 4 design types, Lifestyle Brand ‘Wiggle Wiggle’ : 4 design types, British Design Brand ‘PETS ROCK1’ : 2 design types / ‘PETS ROCK2’ : 3 design types) rates higher sales record than the most popular collaborated strap ‘Maison Kitsune edition’ in the first year of launch(188 units). This study aims to contribute to the improvement of smartwatch strap design by applying SCAMPER techniques methods. However, there is minor absence of applying a few SCAMPER technique methods as considering the manufacture process of smartwatch straps. In the future study, it is expected that new strap designs can be developed within all of SCAMPER technique methods resulting great contribution to the smartwatch strap market. 본 연구는, MR TIME 온/오프라인 플랫폼을 바탕으로 콜라보레이션 스트랩 특징, 선호도 및 판매율을파악한 뒤 스캠퍼 기법을 활용한 스마트 스트랩 디자인을 제안하여 향후 스마트 스트랩 디자인 개발및 발전에 기여하는 목적이 있다. 연구방법으로는 1차로 문헌연구를 통해 스마트워치와 스트랩 시장및 현황, 스트랩의 기능, MR TIME 스트랩 종류, 온/오프라인에서의 선호도 및 구매율 등을 고찰하였다. 2차로 MR TIME 콜라보레이션 스트랩 중 첫 런칭년도 판매량 및 전체판매량 기준으로 가장 인기있었던 메종키츠네(Maison Kitsune)에디션 스트랩을 기준으로, 7가지의 스캠퍼 기법 중 스트랩에 응용이 가능한 기법만 사용하여 패션 브랜드 ‘널디(NERDY)’, 라이프스타일 브랜드 ‘위글위글’, 영국 디자인 브랜드 ‘펫츠락’, 총 3개의 브랜드와 협업하여 스마트 스트랩을 제안하였으며, 제안된 스트랩은MR TIME 온/오프라인 채널별 판매량을 기준으로 하여 구체적인 선호도를 알아보았다. 분석 결과, 스캠퍼 기법을 활용한 스마트 스트랩 (널디 : 4종, 위글위글 : 4종, 펫츠락1 : 2종, 펫츠락2 : 3종)의 스트랩 모두 전체판매량 기준으로 가장 인기있었던 콜라보레이션 브랜드 메종키츠네(Maison Kitsune) 첫 런칭년도 판매량(188개) 보다 더 많은 판매가 이루어졌다. 본 연구에서는 스캠퍼 기법을 활용한스마트 스트랩 디자인을 제안하여 향후 스마트 스트랩 디자인 개발 및 발전에 기여하는 목적이 있다. 그러나 본 연구에서는 스트랩 제작 특성상 모든 스캠퍼 기법을 활용하지 못했다는 점에서 한계가 있음을 밝힌다. 향후 연구에서는 다양한 스캠퍼 기법을 활용하여 스트랩 시장 발전에 기여할 수 있는 디자인이 나오기를 기대한다.

랫드 유선암에 대한 면역치료 방법 개발

정자영,이국경,염영나,이종근,김현배,김세일,강호일,이영순,김옥희 식품의약품안전청 1997 식품의약품안전청 연보 Vol.1 No.-

This study was enamined on the effect of adoptive immunotherapy in T,12-dimethylbena la]aathracene(B?BA) -in13uce6 rat mammary carcinogenesis. Flfty- sik-day-old female Sprague-Dawley 40 rats were divided into four groups. fLs a positive controtp animals in Group I were intubated with DMBA. Smg/100g body weight and single dose, at onset of experimeat. Group ll was treatedadoptive iinrnunotherapy with polyinosinic- polycytidylic acid(Poly I:C) and Group 111 was treated withInterleultin(IL-2). Group nr is negative control, therefore no treated group. All animals were sacrificedat 16 weeks after DMBA in.tubation. Mammary gland wet weight, dry fat free tissue weight, incidence oftumor, and number of lobules, alveolar buds, terminal end buds, ftnd terminal ducts were examined,Histopathogenesis of DMBA-iudvced rat mammary tumors were performed by whole mount method androutine histologic technique. As a result, the induced mammary tumors of Group I was 60%. The effectof adoptive irnrnunotherapy in DMBA-induced rat mammary carcin☞genesis of Group rl and ITI were 33% and 0%, respectively. Histopathological types of induced-mammary tumors were adeaorna,adenocarciaoma and carcinosarcoma. Morphological changes of the mammary gland after treated withDMBA was analysed by whole mount and histopathological methul- The number of the terminal endbuds and_terminal ducts are significantly higer in DMBA treated Groups(p<0.01) than non-treatedGroup ini fbservation of wllole mount method. Tn microscopy observation, lobules containing alveolarbuds and hyperplastic alueolar nodules were significantly higher in DMBA treated Groups(p<0.01)than aon- treated Group. Especially, hyperplastic alveolar nodules is very sensitive parameter to assessthe mamraary carcinogenesis and the effect of adoptive immunotherapy.