‘나다, 들다’의 연어를 활용한 어휘 교육 방안 -중국인 학습자를 대상으로-

임춘매 국제한국어교육학회 2017 한국어 교육 Vol.28 No.2

Chunmei Lin. 2017. Vocabulary Teaching through Using Collocations of ‘나다 and 들다’ -Oriented to Chinese Learners of Korean as Foreign Language-. Journal of Korean Language Education 28-2: 89-112. Grammar has long been regarded as an important element in foreign language learning and has received a lot of attention from foreign language learners and researchers. However, in the process of learning, learners will confront an increasing number of words some of which may have multiple meanings. It is not easy for language learners to memorize and master the correct use of these words, especially in terms of pragmatics. Some learners may use the grammar correctly, but their writing or utterance may feel unnatural in discourse. In Korean, ‘나다, 들다’ are two basic verbs, but they have many different meanings which cause a lot of confusion among learners of Korean as a foreign language. In this article, the writer attempts to make a distinction between the collocations of the two verbs ‘나다, 들다’ and provides an effective method for teaching the learners of Korean in China. (Korea University)

Anti-wrinkle effects of 3,9-diferuloyl-6-oxopterocarpen

임춘매,이남진,정유리,염진석,박경아,장윤영,강종구 한국실험동물학회 2008 한국실험동물학회 학술발표대회 논문집 Vol.2008 No.-

중국어 동사 `타(打)`의 의미 분석

임춘매 한국중국언어학회 2017 중국언어연구 Vol.0 No.69

Frequently used in Chinese, the verb “打” has 25 meanings in Modern Chinese Dictionary, with a considerable number of semes and powerful deriving ability. The writer of this article aims to explore the functions of the word “打” in context, and analyze the relationships between its meanings. In order to collect more meanings of the word “打”, the writer tidies up bits meanings in three dictionaries on which to base her analysis. Then on the basis of the relationships, the writer classifies the semes of the word “打” into four series of morphemes. From the result of classification, the writer finds that the current dictionaries include both morpheme meanings and integrated meanings of the word “打” and its combination with other forms. Every morpheme has more than oneseme which is classified into onesememe. The writer selects one basic meaning as sememe from every four series of morphemes, and analyzes the meanings of them. From the result of the analysis, the writer finds that there exists no relationship between the semes of different morpheme series, and there are obvious differences between the meanings of them. However, instead of classifying the morphemes, the dictionaries only list the meanings of the word. After setting the sememe, the writer, according to the context, also classifies the alloseme of a sememe and concludes that the allosemes have different meanings according to the exclusive distribution of the concurrent words.

개념적 은유와 영상도식을 활용한 연어의 의미교육 지침 방안

임춘매 국제한국어교육학회 2019 한국어 교육 Vol.30 No.2

The formation process of collocations is to choose a word and endow it with meaning as collocation. The choice of collocation is not without laws. The choosing process is inevitably governed by some social community, or the thinking mode of its native speakers. Therefore, when the thinking mode conflicts with that of a foreign language learner who does not have knowledge about the formation principle of collocation, it will surely exert negative influences, which is also the basic cause for errors in learning collocations. The basis of habitual combination of collocations cannot be found in structural linguistics, while conceptual metaphor plays a role in this aspect. The writer of this article holds that conceptual metaphor and image schema are closely connected with thinking ability, and if applied in teaching, is surely to be beneficial in the acquisition process of collocations. In this article, the writer examines conceptual metaphor and image schema reflected in Korean language, explains the collocation process and provides the corresponding teaching scheme by applying the principles of cognitive linguistics.

Laser Capture Microdissection으로 절제된 마우스의 특정 단계별 정세관에서 Glutathione Peroxidase 유전자의 발현 분석

연정민,임춘매,박정훈,홍민기,정아영,김미라,백인정,이범준,남상윤,윤영원 한국발생생물학회 2010 발생과 생식 Vol.14 No.2

The seminiferous epithelium, with its division into 12 spermatogenic stages in the mouse, is a very complex tissue. Glutathione peroxidase (GPx) is a representative antioxidant enzyme that is capable of reducing organic hydroperoxides to their corresponding hydroxyl compounds utilizing glutathione and is related to the mammalian spermatogenesis. In this study, a real-time PCR was performed in the stage-specific seminiferous tubules of mouse testes excised by a laser capture microdissection (LCM) in order to quantitate the expression levels of a series of GPx genes including cytosolic GPx (cGPx), gastrointestinal GPx (GI-GPx), plasma GPx (pGPx), and phospholipid hydroperoxide GPx (PHGPx). Frozen sections (10 ㎛) were obtained from normal adult mouse testes. LCM was used to capture all the cells that were grouped into stages Ⅰ-Ⅴ, Ⅶ-Ⅷ, and Ⅸ-Ⅺ in cross-sections of seminiferous tubules. The expression level of PHGPx mRNA was remarkably higher than those of other GPx mRNAs in mouse testes. During spermatogenesis, the expressions of GI-GPx, pGPx, and PHGPx mRNAs were highest on stages Ⅶ-Ⅷ, began to decrease after stage Ⅺ, and showed a lowest level on stage Ⅰ-Ⅴ. However, the expressions of cGPx mRNA were highest on stages Ⅶ-Ⅷ, and showed a lowest level on stage Ⅺ-Ⅺ. These findings indicate that GPx genes are expressed differentially on mouse spermatogenesis and also LCM can be an useful tool in cellular quantitative analysis of testes.

Study on anti-menopausal osteoporosis effects by Estromon in ovariectomized (OVX) rats

정유리,이남진,임춘매,염진석,박경아,장윤영,강종구 한국실험동물학회 2008 한국실험동물학회 학술발표대회 논문집 Vol.2008 No.-

Ginseng intestinal metabolite (GIM) administrations increase exercise tolerance during exhaustive exercise in rats and decrease oxidative stress in vitro

이남진,정유리,임춘매,강종구 한국실험동물학회 2008 한국실험동물학회 학술발표대회 논문집 Vol.2008 No.-

Expression Pattern of Antioxidant Enzymes Genes in the Ventral Prostates of Rats Exposed to Procymidone and/or Testosterone after Castration

이종걸,연정민,정기윤,임춘매,정아영,이범준,윤영원,남상윤 사단법인 한국동물생명공학회 2011 한국동물생명공학회지 Vol.26 No.4

Procymidone is a fungicide with anti-androgenic properties widely used to protect fruits from fungal infection,which induces an excessive reactive oxygen species production in male reproductive organs. In this study, to clarify whether procymidone affect the cellular antioxidant system of prostate at onset of puberty, gene expression patterns of the representative antioxidant enzymes such as cytoplasmic glutathione peroxidase (GPx1), phospholipid hydroperoxide GPx (PHGPx), selenoprotein P (SePP), cytoplasmic copper/zinc superoxide dismutase (SOD1), and manganese SOD (SOD2) were investigated in the rat ventral prostates exposed to procymidone using real-time RT-PCR analyses. Seven-week-old Sprague-Dawley rats castrated at 6 weeks old were treated with procymidone (25, 50, or 100 mg/kg per day) orally for 7 consecutive days after testosterone propionate (0.4 mg/kg per day) administration by subcutaneous injection. As compared to normal control animals, GPx1 mRNA expression in prostates significantly increased by the administration with TP and/or procymidone. However, PHGPx and SOD1 mRNA levels significanatly decreased by over 25 mg/kg of procymidone treatment and SePP and SOD2 mRNA levels was significanatly reduced by over 50 mg/kg of procymidone treatment. These findings indicate that procymidone may affect the antioxidant system of prostatic cells in up-regulation mode of GPx1, but in down-regulation modes of PHGPx, SePP, SOD1, and SOD2, suggesting that procymidone may affect differently the cellular antioxidant system of prostate according to the exposure doses

Tensolin-F^® (3,9-diferuloyl-6-oxopterocarpen)의 단회 독성시험 및 4주 반복투여 독성시험

김근수,박성민,이남진,표형배,채희열,정유리,임춘매,김선희,이혜영,강종구,Kim, Keun-Su,Park, Sung-Min,Lee, Nam-Jin,Pyo, Hyeong-Bae,Chai, Hee-Yul,Jung, Yu-Ri,Lin, Chun-Mai,Kim, Sun-Hee,Lee, Hye-Young,Kang, Jong-Koo 한국독성학회 2007 Toxicological Research Vol.23 No.4

This study was to investigate single and repeated-dose toxicities of Tensolin-$F^{(R)}$, an anti-wrinkle agent, in Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats or ICR mice. In single-dose oral toxicity study, the test materials were administered once by gavage to male and female SD rats at dose levels of 0 and 2,000 mg/kg. No dead animals and abnormal necropsy findings were found in control and Tensolin-$F^{(R)}$ treated group. Therefore, the approximate lethal dose of Tensolin-$F^{(R)}$ was considered to be higher than 2,000 mg/kg in rats. In the 4-week repeated oral toxicity study, the test material was administered once daily by gavage to male and female ICR mice at dose levels of 0, 25, 50 and 100 mg/kg/day for 4-weeks. In the results, no abnormality was observed in mortality, clinical findings, body weight changes, food and water consumptions, opthalmoscopic findings, necropsy findings, histopathological findings. In hematological analysis, there was a trend of increase in reticulocyte at male 25 mg/kg, although such changes were in normal ranges. On the other hand, there was a trend of decrease in hemoglobin at female 50, 100 mg/kg, such changes were in normal ranges. In addition, serum biochemical parameters including sodium, BUN and chloride increased at 25, 50 and 100 mg/kg. Relative organ weights of right testis, brain, lung and left epididymis were increased in 100 mg/kg groups of male rats in contrast to not change in female groups. However, these changes of relative organ weights, hematological and serum biochemical parameters were not accompanied with related signs such as histopathological changes or clinical findings. In conclusion, 4-week repeated oral dose of Tensolin-$F^{(R)}$ to ICR mice did not cause apparent toxicological change at the dose of 25, 50, 100 mg/kg body weight. Consequently the no-observed-adverse-effect level (NOAEL) for Tensolin-$F^{(R)}$ in ICR mice following gavage for at least 4-week is higher than 100 mg/kg/day.

Tensolin-F<SUP>®</SUP> (3,9-diferuloyl-6-oxopterocarpen)의 단회 독성시험 및 4주 반복투여 독성시험

김근수(Keun-Su Kim),박성민(Sung-Min Park),이남진(Nam-Jin Lee),표형배(Hyeong-Bae Pyo),채희열(Hee-Yul Chai),정유리(Yu-Ri Jung),임춘매(Chun-Mai Lin),김선희(Sun-Hee Kim),이혜영(Hye-Young Lee),강종구(Jong-Koo Kang) 한국독성학회 2007 Toxicological Research Vol.23 No.2

This study was to investigate single and repeated-dose toxicities of Tensolin-F<SUP>®</SUP>, an anti-wrinkle agent, in Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats or ICR mice. In single-dose oral toxicity study, the test materials were administered once by gavage to male and female SD rats at dose levels of 0 and 2,000 ㎎/㎏. No dead animals and abnormal necropsy findings were found in control and Tensolin-F<SUP>®</SUP> treated group. Therefore, the approximate lethal dose of Tensolin-F<SUP>®</SUP> was considered to be higher than 2,000 ㎎/㎏ in rats. In the 4-week repeated oral toxicity study, the test material was administered once daily by gavage to male and female ICR mice at dose levels of 0, 25, 50 and 100 ㎎/㎏/day for 4-weeks. In the results, no abnormality was observed in mortality, clinical findings, body weight changes, food and water consumptions, opthalmoscopic findings, necropsy findings, histopathological findings. In hematological analysis, there was a trend of increase in reticulocyte at male 25 ㎎/㎏, although such changes were in normal ranges. On the other hand, there was a trend of decrease in hemoglobin at female 50, 100 ㎎/㎏, such changes were in normal ranges. In addition, serum biochemical parameters including sodium, BUN and chloride increased at 25, 50 and 100 ㎎/㎏. Relative organ weights of right testis, brain, lung and left epididymis were increased in 100 ㎎/㎏ groups of male rats in contrast to not change in female groups. However, these changes of relative organ weights, hematological and serum biochemical parameters were not accompanied with related signs such as histopathological changes or clinical findings. In conclusion, 4-week repeated oral dose of Tensolin-F<SUP>®</SUP> to ICR mice did not cause apparent toxicological change at the dose of 25, 50, 100 ㎎/㎏ body weight. Consequently the no-observed-adverse-effect level (NOAEL) for Tensolin-F<SUP>®</SUP> in ICR mice following gavage for at least 4-week is higher than 100 ㎎/㎏/day.