산소 미세전극을 이용한 남해연안 퇴적물/해수 계면에서 산소소모율 및 유기탄소 산화율 추정

이재성,김기현,유준,정래홍,고태승,Lee, Jae-Seon,Kim, Kee-Hyun,Yu, Jun,Jung, Rae-Hong,Ko, Tae-Seung 한국해양학회 2003 바다 Vol.8 No.4

남해 중부해역 반폐쇄성 만과 유기오염 유입원이 다수 존재하는 7개 연안에서 2003년 5월 13일부터 17일에 걸쳐 산소 미세전극을 이용 공극수내 산소의 수직분포를 측정하였다. 관측된 산소투과깊이 범위는 1.30∼3.80 mm로 매우 작았다. 극히 얕은 산화층 존재는 초기속성 작용 연구 중 산화$.$환원 반응연구를 최소한 mm 단위로 연구할 필요성을 제시한다. 공극수 수직분포에 1차 확산-반응 모델을 적용하여 추정된 퇴적물/해수 계면에서 산소소모율 범위 는 10.8∼27.6 mmol $O_2$ m$^{-2}$ day$^{-1}$(평균 19.1 mmol $O_2$ m$^{-2}$ day$^{-1}$)였고 퇴적물 유기탄소 농도와 양의 상관관계를 보였다. 또한 플럭스에 산소 대 탄소 비 (170/110)를 적용하여 추정한 유기탄소 산화율은 89.5∼228.1 mg C m$^{-2}$ day$^{-1}$(평균: 158.0 mg C m$^{-2}$ day$^{-1}$)였다. 이들 결과는 남해중부 해역중 유기물 유입이 많은 지역을 대상으로 한 결과로 남해 평균 값 중 최대값으로 생각되며 연안환경의 부영양화 및 빈산소 수괴 형성 기작을 밝히기 위해서는 이러한 연구가 보다 많은 지역에서 계절적으로 수행되어져야 할 것으로 생각한다. We used an oxygen microelectrode to measure the vertical profiles of oxygen concentration in sediments located near point sources of organic matter. The measurements were carried out between 13th and 17th May, 2003, in semi-closed bay and coastal sediments in the central part of the South Sea. The measured oxygen penetration depths were extremely shallow and ranged from 1.30 to 3.80 mm. This suggested that the oxidation and reduction reactions in the early diagenesis should be studied at the mm depth scale. In order to estimate the oxygen consumption rate, we applied the one-dimension diffusion-reaction model to vertical profiles of oxygen near the sediment/water interface. Oxygen consumption rates were estimated to be between 10.8 and 27.6 mmol O$_2$ m$\^$-2/ day$\^$-1/(average: 19.1 mmol O$_2$ m$\^$-2/ day$\^$-1/). These rates showed a positive correlation with the organic carbon of the sediments. The corresponding benthic organic carbon oxidation rates calculated using an modified Redfield ratio (170/110) at the sediment/water interface were in the range of 89.5-228.1 mg C m$\^$-2/ day$\^$-1/(average: 158.0 mg C m$\^$-2/ day$\^$-1/). We suggest that these results are maximum values at the presents situation in the bay because the sampling sites were located near point sources of organic materials. This study will need to be carried out at many coastal sites and throughout the seasons to allow an understanding of the mechanisms of eutrophication e.g. the spatial distribution of oxygen consumption within the oxic zone and hypoxic conditions in the coastal sea.

수소 및 중수소가 포함된 실리콘 산화막의 전기적 스트레스에 의한 열화특성

이재성,백종무,정영철,도승우,이용현,Lee, Jae-sung,Back, Jong-mu,Jung, Young-chul,Do, Seung-woo,Lee, Yong-hyun 한국전기전자재료학회 2005 전기전자재료학회논문지 Vol.18 No.11

Experimental results are presented for the degradation of 3 nm-thick gate oxide $(SiO_2)$ under both Negative-bias Temperature Instability (NBTI) and Hot-carrier-induced (HCI) stresses using P and NMOSFETS, The devices are annealed with hydrogen or deuterium gas at high-pressure $(1\~5\;atm.)$ to introduce higher concentration in the gate oxide. Both interface trap and oxide bulk trap are found to dominate the reliability of gate oxide during electrical stress. The degradation mechanism depends on the condition of electrical stress that could change the location of damage area in the gate oxide. It was found the trap generation in the gate oxide film is mainly related to the breakage of Si-H bonds in the interface or the bulk area. We suggest that deuterium bonds in $SiO_2$ film are effective in suppressing the generation of traps related to the energetic hot carriers.

유기인계 농약 중독 환자에서 중추신경 독성으로 지속적인 의식장애를 보인 1례

이재성 ( Jae Sung Lee ),백진휘 ( Jin Hui Paik ),윤성현 ( Sung Hyun Yun ),김지혜 ( Ji Hye Kim ),한승백 ( Seung Baik Han ),김준식 ( Jun Sig Kim ),정현민 ( Hyun Min Jung ) 대한임상독성학회 2013 대한임상독성학회지 Vol.11 No.1

Acute organophosphate intoxication is important because of its high morbidity and mortality. The mortality is still high despite the use of atropine as specific antidotal therapy and oximes for reactivation of acetylcholinesterase. Inhibition of acetylcholinesterase by organophosphate can cause acute parasympathetic system dysfunction, muscle weakness, seizure, coma, and respiratory failure. Acute alteration in conscious state or a coma, which may occur following organophosphate intoxication, is an indication of severe intoxication and poorer prognosis. This acute decline in conscious state often reverses when the cholinergic crisis settles; however, it may be prolonged in some patients. We report on a case of a 60-year-old male who showed prolonged decline in conscious state due to of Central Nervous System (CNS) toxicity after a suicide attempt with organophosphate.

MOSFET 게이트 산화막내 결함 생성 억제를 위한 효과적인 중수소 이온 주입

이재성(Jae-Sung Lee),도승우(Seung-Woo Do),이용현(Yong-Hyun Lee) 대한전자공학회 2008 電子工學會論文誌-SD (Semiconductor and devices) Vol.45 No.7

중수소 처리된 3 ㎚ 두께의 게이트 산화막을 갖는 MOSFET를 제조하여 정전압 스트레스 동안의 게이트 산화막의 열화를 조사하였다. 중수소 처리는 열처리와 이온 주입법을 사용하여 각각 이루어졌다. 열처리 공정을 통해서는 게이트 산화막내 중수소의 농도를 조절하기가 힘들었다. 게이트 산화막내에 존재하는 과잉 중수소 결합은 열화를 가속시키기 때문에, 열처리 공정을 행한 소자에서 신뢰성이 표준공정에 의한 소자에 비해 저하되고 있음을 확인하였다. 그러나 중수소 이온 주입 방법을 통해서는 소자의 신뢰성이 개선됨을 확인하였다. 스트레스에 의한 게이트 누설 전류 변화 및 구동 특성 변화는 게이트 산화막내의 중수소 농도와 관련이 있으며, 이러한 특성은 적절한 공정 조건을 갖는 이온 주입법을 통해 개선할 수 있었다. 특히, 큰 스트레스 전압의 PMOSFET에서 중수소의 효과가 뚜렷하게 나타났으며, 이는 “hot” 정공과 중수소의 반응과 관련이 있는 것으로 판단된다. Experiment results are presented for gate oxide degradation under the constant voltage stress conditions using MOSFETs with 3-㎚-thick gate oxides that are treated by deuterium gas. Two kinds of methods, annealing and implantation, are suggested for the effective deuterium incorporation. Annealing process was rather difficult to control the concentration of deuterium. Because the excess deuterium in gate oxide could be a precursor for the wear-out of gate oxide film, we found annealing process did not show improved characteristics in device reliability, compared to conventional process. However, deuterium implantation at the back-end process was effective method for the deuterated gate oxide. Device parameter variations as well as the gate leakage current depend on the deuterium concentration and are improved by low-energy deuterium implantation, compared to those of conventional process. Especially, we found that PMOSFET experienced the high voltage stress shows a giant isotope effect. This is likely because the reaction between “hot” hole and deuterium is involved in the generation of oxide trap.

HfO₂ MIM capacitor의 하부 금속에 따른 전기적 특성 변화

도승우(Seung-Woo Do),배군호(Kun-Ho Bae),이재성(Jae-Sung Lee),이용현(Yong-Hyun Lee) 대한전자공학회 2007 대한전자공학회 학술대회 Vol.2007 No.7

In this study, on the various metal electrodes a high-k dielectrics, HfO₂, thin film was deposited by reactive RF-magnetron sputtering method for the application of Metal-Insulator-Metal (MIM) capacitors. The metals, such as RuO₂, Pt, W, TiN and poly-Si were used as a bottom electrodes and AI as a top electrode. The characteristics of capacitance and leakage current depend on the interface properties between HfO₂ and the bottom electrode. Among the metals, Pt and W were g∞d candidates for a bottom electrode in the metal-HfO₂-metal structure.

저신장을 주소로 내원한 환자들의 모발내 중금속 함량분석

신현택 ( Hyun Taeg Shin ),송재철 ( Jae Chul Song ),이재성 ( Jae Sung Lee ),이경희 ( Kyung Hee Lee ),곽창규 ( Chang Kyu Kwak ),박선영 ( Sun Young Park ),한승무 ( Seung Moo Han ),임사비나 ( Sabina Lim ) 한방재활의학과학회 2006 한방재활의학과학회지 Vol.16 No.1

Objectives : The purpose of this study was to investigate correlation between short stature and heavy metals in hair. And we also wanted to know the characteristics of patients visited clinic in the name of `short stature`. Methods : Height, body weight, BMI, PBF(percent body fat) and HTMA(hair tissue mineral analysis) were taken intended for 236 patients in the name of `short stature`. To all the patient questionnaire for growth clinic was drawn up, and ultrasound scan was taken through calcaneus of the right foot. The patients were classified to three groups - short, average, tall group - according to relative position of mid-parental height. It was analysed that the differences between groups in BMI, PBF, DI(disease index). Also were investigated correlations among PH(percent height), BMI, PBF, DI, and between growth index such as DA(difference of age), PH, PBF, BMI and DI with heavy metal levels. Results and Conclusions : 1. The average ages of patients in the name of `short stature` were 12.69±3.93 years old in boys, 10.66±3.67 years old in girls. And it seemed to be just before second rapid maturing period. 2. The average BMI were 20.58±4.07kg/m2 in boys, 18.65±2.85kg/m2 in girls, and average percent body fat were 21.99±7.35% in boys, 26.01±6.35% in girls. 3. The numbers of AG(average group) were 48(44.0%) in boys, 60(47.2%) in girls, the numbers of SG(short group) were 35(32.1%) in boys, 31(24.4%) in girls, and numbers of TG(tall group) were 26(23.9%) in boys, 35(27.6%) in girls. 4. There were no significant differences among the groups in BMI, percent body fat and heavy metal levels. Only significant difference in DI(disease index). 5. There were significant correlations between DI and PH, BMI, PBF. 6. There was significant correlation between arsenic level in hair tissue and PBF. 7. There was significant correlation between mercury level in hair tissue and PBF, DI. 8. There was significant correlation between aluminum level in hair tissue and DA, BMI.

천식 완해기 유지치료로서 AF-365의 임상적 효과

정승연,이재성,최준용,이건영,정희재,이형구,배현수,정승기,Jeong, Seung-Yeon,Lee, Jae-Sung,Choi, Jun-Yong,Lee, Kun-Young,Jung, Hee-Jae,Rhee, Hyung-Koo,Bae, Hyun-Su,Jung, Sung-Ki 대한한방내과학회 2005 大韓韓方內科學會誌 Vol.26 No.1

Backgrounds : Gamichungsangboha-tang extract has been known to improve pulmonary functions and quality of life within four weeks of treatment. Cessation of treatment causes recurrence of symptoms and regression of pulmonary function and poorer quality of life. Long-term herbal therapy is difficult to maintain due to economic burden and other reasons. AF-365 is made with reduced dosage of Gamichungsangboha-tang extract. This study was designed to evaluate the effectiveness of AF-365 for maintenance therapy. Materials and Methods : The subjects consisted of 27 patients with asthma who had beed treated with AF-365 for four weeks. First, patients were treated with Gamichungsangboha-tang extract for four weeks. Second patients stopped herbal medicine for four weeks and after that they took AF-365. Pulmonary function test(PFT) was checked before and after four weeks of treatment. Quality of Life Questionnaire for Adult Korean Asthmatics(QLQAKA) was checked every two weeks from the beginning. The effects of AF-365 were analysed throughout the last four weeks. Results : Treatment of AF-365 for four weeks resulted in significant increase in PEFR%, QLQAKA. The QLQAKA of the step3, step4 group classified by Global initiative for asthma(GINA) showed significant improvement, and the QLQAKA of the step2 group showed no significant difference. In step3 group, PEFR% increased significantly. Conclusions : This study supports a role for AF-365 in maintenance of pulmonary function and quality of life, especially in persistent symptomatic asthmatics.

HfO₂/Hf/Si MOS 구조에서 나타나는 HfO₂ 박막의 물성 및 전기적 특성

배군호,도승우,이재성,이용현,Bae, Kun-Ho,Do, Seung-Woo,Lee, Jae-Sung,Lee, Yong-Hyun 한국전기전자재료학회 2009 전기전자재료학회논문지 Vol.22 No.2

In this paper, Thin films of $HfO_2$/Hf were deposited on p-type wafer by Atomic Layer Deposition (ALD). We studied the electrical and material characteristics of $HfO_2$/Hf/Si MOS capacitor depending on thickness of Hf metal layer. $HfO_2$ films were deposited using TEMAH and $O_3$ at $350^{\circ}C$. Samples were then annealed using furnace heating to $500^{\circ}C$. Round-type MOS capacitors have been fabricated on Si substrates with $2000\;{\AA}$-thick Pt top electrodes. The composition rate of the dielectric material was analyzed using TEM (Transmission Electron Microscopy), XRD (X-ray Diffraction) and XPS (X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy). Also the capacitance-voltage (C-V), conductance-voltage (G-V), and current-voltage (I-V) characteristics were measured. We calculated the density of oxide trap charges and interface trap charges in our MOS device. At the interface between $HfO_2$ and Si, both Hf-Si and Hf-Si-O bonds were observed, instead of Si-O bond. The sandwiched Hf metal layer suppressed the growing of $SiO_x$ layer so that $HfSi_xO_y$ layer was achieved. And finally, the generation of both oxide trap charge and interface trap charge in $HfO_2$ film was reduced effectively by using Hf metal layer.

한국 정상 성인 남자에서의 혈청 총 쿨레스테롤치 변화에 관한 최근 5년간 추적조사 - 포항 지역 거주 직장인을 대상으로 -

김경현(Kyung Hyun Kim),이재성(Jae Seung Lee),박태규(Tae Gyu Park),김희식(Hee Sik Kim),하영준(Young Jun Ha),남시현(Si Hyun Nam),김종연(Jong Yeun Kim) 대한내과학회 1999 대한내과학회지 Vol.56 No.2

Objectives : The serum total cholesterol is supposed to be increased as dietary pattern is westernized recently in our country. We studied the longitudinal change of serum total cholesterol levels in normal adult Korean male workers and analyzed the influence of lifestyle on change of serum total cholesterol levels. Methods : The 7677 healthy adult male workers were studied during recent 5years(1992 and 1997). Those who suffered from hypertension, diabetes mellitus, ischemic heart disease, nephritis were excluded. Those who ingested antilipidemic drugs were also excluded. Serum total cholesterol were measured by the same enzymatic method and their levels were analyzed during fasting state. Data on lifestyle were obtained using self administered questionnaires. Results : 1) The serum total cholesterol levels increased by 9.45±23.99mg/dl(1.89mg/dl per year) between 1992 and 1997 surveys. 2) The increment of serum total cholesterol levels was most prominent in the twenties (3.45mg/dl per year) and less prominent in 5th, 6th decades. 3) A change of 1kg/m2 in body mass index contributed a change of 3.449mg/dl in serum total cholesterol. 4) The change of body mass index(BMI) was most significantly correlated with that of serum total cholesterol levels among the influencing variables.( =3.449 p=0.0001 r2=0.035) 5) The changed value of serum total cholesterol levels was significantly correlated with smoking and exercise, however, was not significantly correlated with the amount of alcohol ingestion. Conclusion : The serum total cholesterol levels increased by 9.45mg/dl(1.89mg/dl per year) during recent 5 years. The increment of serum total cholesterol levels was more prominent in younger age group. The changed value of BMI was most strongly correlated with that of serum total cholesterol levels of all influencing variables.

원저 : 저신장과 비만도의 상관성 분석 -저신장을 주소로 내원한 환아 명을 대상으로-

이경희 ( Kyung Hee Lee ),신현택 ( Hyun Taeg Shin ),송재철 ( Jae Chul Song ),이재성 ( Jae Sung Lee ),곽창규 ( Chang Kyu Kwak ),박선영 ( Sun Young Park ),한승무 ( Seung Moo Han ),임사비나 ( Sabina Lim ) 한방비만학회 2005 한방비만학회지 Vol.5 No.1

Objectives : The purpose of this study was to investigate correlation between short stature and obese degree. And we also wanted to know the characteristics of patients visited clinic in the name of ``short stature``. Methods : Height, body weight, BMI, fat mass, lean body mass, percent body fat were taken intended for 236 patients in the name of short stature. To all the patient questionnaire for growth clinic was drawn up, and ultrasound scan was taken through calcaneous of the right foot. The patients were classified to three groups - short, average, tall group - according to relative position of mid-parental height. It was analysed that the differences between groups in obese degree. Also was investigated correlation between position of short stature and obese degree, and between obese degree and bony maturity. Results & Conclusion : 1. The average ages of patients in the name of ``short stature`` were 12.69±3.93 years old in boys, 10.66±3.67 years old in girls. And it seemed to be just before second rapid maturing period. 2. The average BMI were 20.58±4.07kg/m2 in boys, 18.65±2.85kg/m2in girls, and average percent body fat were 21.99±7.35% in boys, 26.01±6.35% in girls. 3. The numbers of obese children were 34(31.2%) in boys, 19(14.9%) in girls on the basis of BMI. And the numbers were 39(35.8%) in boys, 53(41.7%) in girls on the basis of percent body fat. There was a big difference in case of girls. 4. The numbers of AG(average group) were 48(44.0%) in boys, 60(47.2%) in girls, the numbers of SG(short group) were 35(32.1%) in boys, 31(24.4%) in girls, and numbers of TG(tall group) were 26(23.9%) in boys, 35(27.6%) in girls. 5. There were no significant differences among the groups in BMI, lean body mass, fat mass, percent body fat. Only significant difference in DI(disease index). 6. There were no significant correlation between PH(percent height) and BMI, leanbody mass, fat mass, percent body fat. Only significant correlation in DI(disease index). 7. There were no significant differences between DA(difference between bone age and chronorogical age) and BMI, leanbody mass, percent body fat. Only significant correlation in fat mass.