콩 단백 성분 및 연령이 암컷 흰쥐의 혈장 지질 농도와 인지질 지방산 패턴에 미치는 영향

정은정(Eun-Jung Chung),김수연(Soo-Yeon Kim),김지영(Ji-Young Kim),안지영(Ji-Young Ahn),박정화(Jung-Wha Park),차명화(Myung-Hwa Cha),이양자(Yang-Cha Lee Kim) 한국식품영양과학회 2003 한국식품영양과학회지 Vol.32 No.2

혈중 지질농도는 식이단백질 종류보다는 연령의 영향을 많이 받아, young군보다 old군의 총 콜레스테롤, TG, HDL-콜레스테롤, LDL+VLDL-콜레스테롤 및 AI 모두 높았다. 한편 콩 단백질군에서 HDL-콜레스테롤 수준이 증가하고, LDL+VLDL-콜레스테롤와 AI는 감소하여, 심혈관질환에 대한 콩 단백질의 유익한 효과를 확인할 수 있었다. 식이단백질에 의해 유의한 영향을 받은 혈장 인지질의 지방산조성중 22:0, 18:1ω9, ∑MUFA 조성은 카제인군에서 콩 단백질군 보다 높았으며, 반대로 ∑SFA 조성은 카제인군에서 낮았다. 연령에 의해 혈장 인지질 지방산 조성에 있어 유의한 차이를 보인 지방산 중 22:0, 18:1ω9, 22:1, 18:3ω3 및 22:4ω6는 young군에서 높은 반면에, 22:6ω3, ∑ω3, 18:2ω6, 20:4ω6, ∑ω6 및 ∑PUFA의 조성비율은 old군에서 높게 나타났다. 이와 같이 식이 단백질의 종류보다 연령의 영향력이 더 많이 나타난 것은 혈중 콜레스테롤 수준이 식이 단백질보다는 연령의 영향을 더 크게 받았기 때문으로 생각된다. 혈장 인지질 지방산의 대사지표 중 Δ7-desaturation index(16:0⇒16:1ω7)와 Δ9-desaturation index(18:0⇒18:1ω9)가 식이 단백질의 영향을 받아 카제인군에 비해 콩 단백질군에서 유의하게 낮았다. Δ7- 및 Δ9-desaturation index만이 식이 단백질의 영향을 받은 것은 식이 단백질보다 desaturase 활성에 더 큰 영향력을 미치는 콜레스테롤이 식이에 첨가되었기 때문이라 생각된다. Δ-4 desaturation index (22:4ω6⇒22:5ω6)는 young군에 비해 old군에서 높았으며, elongation index(20:4 ω6⇒22:4ω6)는 old군에서 낮았다. 대부분의 elongation과 desaturation 단계는 연령에 따라 유의한 차이를 보이지 못하였으나, ω3계 지방산의 전체적인 elongation-desaturation 단계를 나타내는 ∑products-fatty acid(ω3)/α-LNA(ω3) 비율이 old군에서 young군보다 유의하게 높아, 연령에 따른 PUFA 대사의 변화가 관찰되었다. 이상에서와 같이, 콩 단백질의 섭취로 흰쥐 혈장 인지질의 ∑MUFA 조성은 낮고 ∑SFA 조성은 높아 다른 지질 강화성분의 섭취와 유사한 결과를 나타내었다. 혈중 콜레스테롤 수준이 높은 old군에서 체내 막조직의 유동성을 유지하기 위해 PUFA의 합성 특히 ω3계 지방산의 elongation-desaturation이 증가하여 총 PUFA 조성이 young군보다 높았다. 연구결과로 이소플라본을 포함한 콩 단백질의 혈중 지질저하 기전에 대해 체계적인 설명은할 수 없지만, 콩 단백질이 혈장 지방산의 조성을 변화시킴으로써 간접적으로 심혈관계 질환에 대해 유익한 효과를 미침을 알 수 있었다. 한편, 이러한 혈관의 건강과 관련된 콩의 유익한 효과는 이소플라본과 같은 콩의 특정 성분의 단독효과라기보다는 콩 단백질과의 복합효과에 의한 것이라는 주장은 매우 설득력 있다고 생각된다. Effects of soy protein concentrate (SPC) containing isoflavone and casein diets on plasma phospholipid (PLs)-fatty acid patterns were investigated in 7- & 40- wk old female rats. Diets containing 16% SPC (soy/young: SY, soy/old: SO) and casein (casein/young: CY, casein/ old: CO) supplemented with 0.5% cholesterol were fed for 4 wks. Fatty acid compositions of plasma PLs were determined by TLC and GLC. Compared to the dietary protein effects, age effects on serum lipids were more profound. The levels of total cholesterol (Chol.), triglyceride, HDL-Chol., (LDL+VLDL)-Chol. and atherogenic index (AI) were higher in older groups (OC & OS) than younger groups (YC & YS). Soy groups had higher HDL-Chol. level and lower (LDL+VLDL)-Chol. and AI, compared with casein groups. The compositions of C22:0, C18:1ω9 and sum of MUFA in plasma PLs were significantly higher in casein group (CY & CO) than soy group (SY & SO), but those of sum of SFA were higher in soy group. The compositions of C22:0, C18:1ω9, C22:1, C18:3ω3 and C22:4ω6 were higher and those of C22:6ω3, sum ofω3, C18:2ω6 C20:4ω6, sum ofω6 and sum of PUFA were lower in plasma PLs of younger rats. The average P/S and ω3/ω6 ratio in older group was higher. The Δ-7 desaturation index (16:0⇒16:1ω7) and Δ-9 desaturation index (18:0⇒18 : 1ω9) were lower in soy group than casein group, while Δ-6 and Δ-5 desaturation index were not affected by dietary protein. The Δ-4 desaturation index (22:4ω6⇒22:5ω6) were higher and, elongation index (20:4ω6⇒22:4ω6) were lower in older group. The ratio of the products of ω3 fatty acid series/precursor of ω3 fatty acid series (C18:3) was significantly higher in older group, which in- dicated that age affected the plasma PUFA metabolism. On the other hand, older rats had higher serum cholesterol level compared with younger rats. Taken together, these changes in fatty acid composition might cause minimal changes in the membrane fluidity induced by the increase serum cholesterol level.

녹용(鹿茸), 홍화자(紅花子) 단일 및 혼합 물 추출물( 抽出物)의 파골세포(破骨細胞) 분화(分化) 억제(抑制)와 골흡수(骨吸收) 억제(抑制) 효과(效果)

안지영,김주호,기지예,곽한복,오재민,김윤경,Ann, Ji-Young,Kim, Ju-Ho,Ki, Ji-Ye,Kwak, Han-Bok,Oh, Jae-Min,Kim, Yun-Kyung 대한한의학방제학회 2010 大韓韓醫學方劑學會誌 Vol.18 No.2

Cervi parvum cornu (Deer Antler) and Carthami tinctorii fructus (Also known as Carthami seed) are widely used for treating osteoporosis and rheumatoid arthritis. In this study, We found out that the water extract of Cervi parvum cornu(WECPC), Carthami tinctorii fructus(WECTF) and their combination have effects of suppressing the RANKL-induced osteoclast differentiation. We assayed mRNA expression levels of NFATc1, c-Fos, TRAP and GAPDHS from bone marrow macrophages(BMMs) by means of RT-PCR. Similarly, the protein expression levels of NFATc1, c-Fos, MAPKs and $\beta$-actin in cell lysates were analyzed by means of Western blotting. then we determined the anti-osteoporotic effects of WECPC, WECTF and their combination using Lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced bone-loss mouse. WECPC, WECTF and their combination showed remarkable inhibition on RANKL-treated osteoclast differentiation without cytotoxicity. WECPC suppressed degradation of I-${\kappa}B$. WECPC, WECTF and their combination down-regulated the induction of c-Fos and NFATc1 by RANKL. Lastly, in vivo data showed that WECPC, WECTF and their combination rescued the bone erosion by LPS treatment. Thus, these results demonstrate that WECPC, WECTF and their combination can be efficacious remedies for bone-loss diseases such as osteoporosis and rheumatoid arthritis.

단백뇨를 동반한 IgA 신병증 및 HSP 신염을 가진 소아에서 메틸프레드니솔론 충격요법과 경구 스테로이드 요법의 비교

안지영,문정은,황영주,최봉석,고철우,조민현,Ahn, Ji Young,Moon, Jung Eun,Hwang, Young Ju,Choi, Bong Seok,Ko, Cheol Woo,Cho, Min Hyun 대한소아신장학회 2014 Childhood kidney diseases Vol.18 No.1

목적: 본 연구는 단백뇨를 동반한 IgA 신병증과 HSP신염을 가진 소아환자에서 메틸프레드니솔론 충격요법의 단백뇨 감소효과를 확인하고자 시행되었다. 방법: 경북대학교병원 소아청소년과에서 신장조직검사를 통해 IgA 신병증 및 HSP 신염으로 진단받은 21명의 환자의 임상기록을 후향적으로 조사하였다. 총 21명 중 15명 은 IgA 신병증으로, 6명은 HSP 신염으로 진단되었으며 이들 모두 진단 당시 혹은 경과 관찰 중 경도 이상의 단백뇨를 동반하였다. 이들 중 7명(IgA 신병증 5명, HSP 신염 2명; Group 1)에 대해서는 2개월 간격으로 모두 3회의 메틸프레드니솔론 충격요법이 시행되었으며 나머지 14명(IgA 신병 증 10명, HSP 신염 4명; Group 2)에 대해서는 경구 스테로이드요법이 시행되었다. 결과: Group 1의 평균 진단 당시 연령과 조직검사 당시 연령은 Group 2에 비해 어린 경향을 보였으나 통계적인 차이는 없었다. 내원 당시 두 군의 모든 환자는 혈뇨를 동반하였으며 Group 1의 5명(71.4%)과 Group 2의 14명 (100%)은 단백뇨를 동반하였다. 수축기 평균 혈압은 두 군간에 유의한 차이가 없었으며 안지오텐신 전환효소 억제제는 두 군의 모든 환자에서 사용되었다. 추적관찰 기간 동안 단백뇨가 소실된 환자는 Group 1이 7명(100%), Group 2이 10명(71.4%)이었고 일회 소변 단백/크레아티닌의 비가 각각 0.12 (0.06-0.26) mg/mg, 0.30 (0.09-0.79) mg/mg으로 Group 1의 단백뇨가 통계적으로 유의하게 적었다. 결론: 단백뇨를 동반한 IgA 신병증 및 HSP 신염 환자에서 경구 스테로이드요법에 비해 메틸프레드니솔론 충격요법의 단백뇨 감소 효과가 더 뛰어남을 알 수 있었다. 다수의 환자를 대상으로 장기적인 예후에 대한 효과를 알아보기 위한 전향적인 추가 연구가 필요하다고 사료된다. Purpose: The purpose of this study was to assess the therapeutic efficacy of methylprednisolone pulse therapy in children with IgA nephropathy and Henoch- Sch$\ddot{o}$nlein Purpura (HSP) nephritis combined with proteinuria. Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the clinical records of 21 patients who were diagnosed with IgA nephropathy and HSP nephritis based on percutaneous renal biopsy. Of the 21 patients, 15 were diagnosed with IgA nephropathy and 6 were diagnosed with HSP nephritis. They had mild to severe proteinuria at the time of diagnosis or during follow-up. Group 1 (n=7) received methylprednisolone pulse therapy three times every couple of months, and Group 2 (n=14) received oral steroid therapy. The follow-up periods for Group 1 and 2 were 14.0 (9-54) months and 26.5 (14-34) months, respectively. There was no significant difference in the follow-up duration between the two groups. Results: The average age at diagnosis and biopsy was lower in Group 1 compared to Group 2, but it was not significantly different. At admission, all patients in both groups had hematuria and 5 patients (71.4%) of Group 1 and 14 patients (100 %) of Group 2 had proteinuria. Before treatment, there was no significant difference of spot urine protein/creatinine ratio between the two groups. During followup, 7 patients of Group 1 (100%) and 10 patients of Group 2 (71.4%) showed complete improvement of proteinuria and the spot urine protein/creatinine ratio in Group 1 was significantly lower than Group 2. Conclusion: In patients with IgA nephropathy and HSP nephritis with proteinuria, methylprednisolone pulse therapy was more effective than oral steroid therapy in the reduction of proteinuria. To investigate the effects on long-term prognosis, large-scale prospective studies are needed.

지하상가 가스누출 사고 환자들에 대한 임상적 고찰 - 일산화탄소 중독 -

안지영,고영길,Ahn, Ji-Young,Ko, Young-Gil 대한임상독성학회 2006 대한임상독성학회지 Vol.4 No.2

Purpose: It is not easy to detect carbon monoxide (CO) leakage, and CO-intoxicated patients do not show a specific set of symptoms. The aims of this study are to clinically evaluate patients with CO gas intoxication from a CO leak at an underground shopping center, and to discuss the establishment of a disaster prevention plan. Methods: A total of 51 patients intoxicated by CO gas exposure in a gas disaster at a underground shopping center in Seoul on September 8, 2006 were enrolled in this study, and the patients' medical records were retrospectively reviewed. Results: The mean patient age was $29.4{\pm}6.3$. The initial mean COHb level was $14.98{\pm}6.97%$. The number of patients with COHb greater than 25% was three, and six patients experienced a syncopal attack. Only one patient-was treated with hyperbaric oxygen therapy. However, none of the patients complained of severe neurologic or cardiovascular symptoms. Conclusion: The symptoms of CO intoxication are non-specific and difficult to define, and the detection of CO leak-age is difficult. Thus, workplaces should be equipped with leakage sensors and automatic alarm systems and should have develop disaster prevention plans.

推量 · 推測의 複合辞에 관한 通時的硏究 : 「-かもしれない」를 중심으로

安志英),안지영(An Ji Young 일본어문학회 2015 일본어문학 Vol.70 No.-

古典文学作品および総合雑誌『太陽』から複合辞「-かもしれない」を抽出 した結果、「謡曲」の『国栖』の用例が初出と推測される。先行研究では近世以降の表現とされるが、それより早い南北朝時代から使われていたことが分かる。接続面では採集された初期の用例はすべて用言接続の口頭語であり、当時は用言接続の口頭語中心に使用されたと見られる。以降、19世紀になってから体言接続も現れるようになり、「-かもしれない」が意味 · 用法をより拡大させながら複合辞として定着していったことを示唆する。抽出された用例のうち、「-かもしれない」の意味を表すものの、「-かもしらない」の表現形式として現れているものが見える。これは文語「知る」が他動詞としては四段動詞活用するが、自動詞としては下一段動詞活用する活用体系との意味の類似点によるもので当時の過渡期的表現として使われたものだと推測される。総合雑誌『太陽』において非常に大きな変化を示したのは「-かもしれない」と「-かもしれぬ」の表現であり、1909年を起点とし、「-かもしれぬ」は徐々に用例が減少する反面、「-かもしれない」の使用率は上昇する。そして、引用句と呼応する用例が多数を示している。

국내학술지에 발표된 한약추출물의 골다공증에 대한 효능실험 결과 고찰

안지영,기지예,김주호,박혜정,김현주,이정호,김윤경,Ann, Ji-Young,Ki, Ji-Ye,Kim, Ju-Ho,Park, Hye-Jung,Kim, Hyun-Ju,Lee, Jeong-Ho,Kim, Yun-Kyung 대한한의학방제학회 2008 大韓韓醫學方劑學會誌 Vol.16 No.2

Objectives : The purpose of this study is to inspect trends of the papers of osteoporosis in the field of herbal medicines and to establish the future direction for evaluation and development of natural medicines. Methods : We reviewed 80 oriental medicine papers in Korean journals published between 1994 and 2008. Results : There were 6 review, 2 clinical paper, 72 experimental papers and we confirmed that the drugs used in the experiments are almost yang-invigorating drugs which are good for kidney deficiency pattern Conclusions : We found out some of the herbal extracts are very efficacious for osteoporosis. More studies of oriental medicinal herbs are needed for developing anti-osteoporosis drugs with these basic data.

이동통신서비스의 보편적 서비스화를 위한 필요요건 분석 - 제도적 측면을 중심으로-

안지영,최성호,Ahn Ji-Young,Choi Sung-Ho 한국통신학회 2006 韓國通信學會論文誌 Vol.31 No.4B

최근 이동통신을 통한 음정 및 데이터서비스 수요의 급증과 이를 뒷받침하는 정보통신기술의 발전은 이제 이동통신서비스가 소비자의 정보통신의 선택적 수단이 아니라 필수수단으로 진화되었음을 뒷받침하기에 충분하다고 하겠다. 그러나 이러한 이동통신의 보편화로 인한 정보통신서비스 수준의 향상의 이면에는 사용자간의 정보격차의 문제로 인해 서비스 사용으로 얻는 효용의 불균형이 심화되고 있는 것도 현실임을 부정할 수 없다. 이는 이동통신서비스의 고도화와 보편화가 진행될수록 그 정도가 더욱 심화되며 유선통신의 예와 마찬가지로 이를 단순히 시장 기능으로만 해결하기에 어려운 점이 존재한다. 따라서 이를 해결하기 위한 이동통신서비스에 대한 체계적인 정책수립이 필요하며 제도적으로 보편적 서비스 범주 내에 포함시켜야 할 필요성도 고려해야 한다고 생각된다. 본 논문에서는 기존 보편적 서비스제도의 범위에 이동통신서비스를 포함시키기 위해 필요한 조건들을 제도적인 측면에서 살펴보고, 이를 통하여 정보격차 해소, 사회복지, 균형적인 사회발전 등에 기여할 수 있는 정도를 고려해 봄으로써 이동통신서비스의 보편적서비스화가 제도적으로 타당한 범주에 속하는지에 대한 분석을 시도한다. A rapidly increasing demand of voice and data through mobile telecommunication service and the development of technologies related with the service are sufficiently said to make the service become an indispensible communicating means, not just selective one. However, in the other side of the generalizing of mobile telecommunication service, there is said to be a worsening situation of unbalanced benefits due to the problem of information difference between the non. The more advanced mobile telecommunication service proceeds, the more deepens the problem, and it is generally known that the problem cannot be solved by the ability of free market itself as seen in the wired telecommunication market. Therefore, we need to set up a systematic policy of mobile telecommunication service for solving this problem, and also think over whether to include the service within the range of universal service. In this study, we examine the required factors for including the service within the range of universal service, and analyze the validity of the including in the view point of institutional aspects.

일반병동 입원환자의 어려운 기도 예측 여부에 따른 기관 내 삽관의 결과 분석

안지영,최혜란,An, Ji-Young,Choi, Hye Ran 한국중환자간호학회 2014 중환자간호학회지 Vol.7 No.2

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to determine the factors related to airway failure during endotracheal intubation among patients with and without predicted airway difficulty. Methods: Medical records were examined retrospectively. 329 patients who were admitted to the general ward and underwent endotracheal intubation were included. The incidence of airway failure in the two groups was investigated. Results: The group predicted to have airway difficulty consisted of 79 patients (24.0%) and the group without airway difficulty, 250 (76.0%). The number of cases of airway failure was 50 (15.2%). The factors that were associated with airway failure in the group with predicted airway difficulty were the jaw relaxation score, Cormack-Lehane score, and the device of the first endotracheal intubation attempt. The factors that were associated with the airway failure in the group predicted not to have airway difficulty were the induction agent, jaw relaxation score, Cormack-Lehane score, level of training of the personnel with the first endotracheal intubation success, and the device of the first endotracheal intubation attempt. Conclusion: The prediction of airway difficulty during endotracheal intubation was not effective; however, it was meaningful from the perspective of patient safety.

일본 애니메이션을 활용한 인문학 교육 사례 연구

안지영(An Ji Young) 일본어문학회 2017 일본어문학 Vol.78 No.-

本研究は、大学における人文学教育の多次元的な方法論研究のために試みた授業実践の一つであり、日本の大衆文化、特に日本のアニメを活用し、新しい科目を開発していくことを目標とした基礎研究として、学習者の人文学的な素養育成のために実施した授業事例の報告である。人文学というものは、人間と世界との関係を理解することを基盤として、自分と世界を多角的な視野で見ることを可能にし、人間として成長させるための学問である。そのため、人文学の教育は小・中等教育課程ではもちろん、大学の教育課程でも多様な教育が必要とされる。よって本論文では、これまで韓国で行われてきた古典教育プログラムで問題となっていた古典に対して偏見を持ったり、敬遠したりする副作用を最小化し、より容易に触れられるように日本のアニメを活用して授業を行った事例を報告・検討する。本実践では学生たちの積極的な授業参加と教育的な効果を増進させるため、課題解決型学習(Problem Based Learning)を導入し、日本のアニメ󰡔もののけひめ󰡕󰡔攻殻機動隊󰡕などを取り扱い、人文学に対する学生の意識変遷を顕在化させた。これはアニメが娯楽的で非教育的であるという固定観念から脱却し、人間の価値にかかわる諸問題を扱える人文学的な資料として十分に価値があるという認識転換の機会を与えられた点でもその意義があると考えられる。今後、それらの分析を踏まえて、より積極的な授業実践を展開し、実用的な導入と提案方法についても研究を進めていきたい。 This research is one of class practices that I attempted to study multidimensional methodology of humanities and literature education at a university, and to develop new subjects using Japanese pop culture, especially Japanese animations. The humanities literature is an academic discipline that enables us to see ourselves and the world from a multifaceted perspective based on the understanding of the relationship between humans and the world and to grow as human beings. Therefore, the education of humanities requires diverse educations not only in the elementary and secondary curriculum but also in the curriculum of universities. In this paper, in order to minimize the side effects of the prejudice about, and the avoidance of, the classics which had been a problem in the classical education program which has been held in Korea, to make it easier to touch Japanese animations. In this practice, we introduced the Problem Based Learning method to promote active student participations and educational effects, and introduced the Japanese animations, “Mononoke Hime” and “Ghost in the Shel” . The manifestation of the transition of the students’ consciousness to humanities was revealed. This is also given the opportunity to change the perception that it is sufficiently valuable as a humanistic material that can deal with various issues related to human values, escaping from the fixed idea that animations are entertainment and non educational. It is considered to have its significance. Based on these analyses, we will develop more aggressive lesson practices in the future, and I would like to conduct research on the practical introduction and suggestion method.

최남선의 국토순례기행문에 나타난 자연인식과 생태적 문명관

안지영(Ahn Ji-Young) 문학과 환경학회 2010 문학과 환경 Vol.9 No.2

This article is trying to prove Nature recognition and View of civilization through travel essays of Choi Nam-sun. Choi Nam-sun took part in a country trip in mid-1920s. Most of discussion about his travel essays have been focused on aspects of his nationalism, though there are other things that couldn't explain through this point of view. Choi seems to have the distinct nature recognition that The other, wrote travel essays in the same period, didn't have shown. That is, Choi criticize the human civilization and praise Nature, saying Nature have real beauty and truth. Moreover he encounter sanctity of nature in Mt. Baek-du, and Mt. Kum-gang and etc, where he believed sacred place in Korean peninsula. Thus to him, this travel was like a pilgrimage to the Holy Land. When Choi reached “Choen-Pyong”(“천평”) in Mt. Baek-du, his mythic imagination was maximized. He not only knew about mythic, but also had mind of worship nature like the ancients. Choi explained the ancients have belief that the soul return to their ancestor's mountain when people passed away. Each ethnic groups in East Asia have their own mountain and that mountain is regarded as sacred place where each soul of ethnic groups would return. Also, Choi insist that haman being can recover his own true nate by returning back to nature in his travel essays. He named this ancient people's spirit, spirit of 'returning'. Meanwhile this should not confused with the Europe Romantist's slogan, Jean Jacques Rousseau's “Retour a la nature(Come back to nature)" representatively. Futhermore Choi understood nature like mother who give birth to human being and take care of them. This point of view have important meaning, because some researchers argue recently turning back a matriarchal society instead of today's violent patriarchal society. Also Choi told he want to new civilization community(“Sae-Nara”, “새 나라”), not human-dominated, the divine nature-dominated community. The way of his thought is different to recent critics of nation-state, don't consider importance of nature.