Learning styles based on the different cultural background of KFL learners in online learning.

송동길,오은영 한국멀티미디어언어교육학회 2011 멀티미디어 언어교육 Vol.14 No.3

It is imperative to analyze learning styles based on learners’ cultural backgrounds when designing successful online learning courses. The present study investigated the learning styles preferences of learners who have diverse cultural backgrounds in an online language learning environment. For this purpose, the study employed the Felder and Silverman’s Learning Styles Model and examined sixty five international students who enrolled in a Korean language course at a university’s language education institute in Seoul, Korea. The participants were culturally diverse and represented numerous countries, which were categorized according to six cultural clusters: China, Japan, Middle East, other Asia, America, and Europe. The online language learning course was analyzed using the active/reflective, sensing/intuitive, sequential/global and visual/verbal dimensions of the model. The participants’ learning style preferences were investigated using a questionnaire. A one-way ANOVA was conducted to compare the effect of cultural backgrounds on learning style preferences of each section. In addition, MANOVA and post hoc multiple comparison of means tests (Scheffé test) were conducted. The results demonstrate significant cultural group differences in learning style preferences of learners of Korean language with diverse cultural backgrounds.

원자력 배관의 파단전누설개념 적용방법에 관한 연구

송동수,우호길 忠南大學校 産業技術硏究所 1997 산업기술연구논문집 Vol.12 No.2

The development and application of the Leak-Before-Break concept to nuclear power plant piping are reviewed. A general procedure and criteria of LBB are also introduced. In order to study on the feasibility of LBB, a limit load method and a J-T method are evaluated for comparison. Both methodologies are applied to the stainless steel and carbon steel of reactor coolant system. The stability of postulated through wall crack on the nuclear piping are verified with elastic-plastic fracture mechanics using finite element method. It is concluded that the limit load and J-T method are acceptable for evaluation of the nuclear piping materials.

약물과 성기능

민성길,송동호 최신의학사 1986 最新醫學 Vol.29 No.11

주의력결핍 과잉운동장애 남아에서 중추신경자극제가 주의력과제 수행 중의 대뇌 기능적 국소화에 미치는 영향

전덕인,송동호,육기환,김경희,신동원,민성길 대한소아ㆍ청소년정신의학회 1998 소아청소년정신의학 Vol.9 No.2

정신과에 내원한 다문화 환자의 사회인구학적 특성과 임상적 특징

김남희,송동호,김채옥,민성길 대한신경정신의학회 2011 신경정신의학 Vol.50 No.6

Objectives This study investigated changes in the clinical characteristics of foreign patients receiving psychiatric treatment in a public mental hospital in Seoul over the last nine years. Methods We compared the sociodemographic and clinical characteristics of a multi-cultural mental health (MCMH) clinic group of 49 foreign psychiatric patients, who had attended the newly opened special clinic for foreigners during the period August 2009-2010, with those of a general group of 71 foreign psychiatric patients, who had been treated in conventional ways during the period 2002-July 2009. Results The MCMH clinic group was characterized by voluntary attendances with the assistance of family, friends or supporting organizations. The patients were more likely to have resided longer in Korea, to have Korean citizenship, to be young married immigrant women and to have children. They were also more able to communicate by themselves or with the support of bilingual interpreters and were more likely to receive outpatient-based treatment and to experience longer periods of treatment. In contrast, the general group was characterized by involuntary hospital attendances supported by the police or the embassies of their home countries, and patients received inpatient services. They were also discharged sooner to be sent back to their home countries. Depressive disorder, anxiety disorder, and adjustment disorder were more common in the MCMH clinic group, while schizophrenia, bipolar disorder and a past history of psychiatric disorders were more common in general group. In the MCMH clinic group, those patients with Korean citizenship or permanent residency seemed to maintain consistent and stable treatment with a good prognosis. Conclusion The findings from the specialized multi-cultural mental health clinic suggest that specialized setting for foreigners is more efficient in helping them, particularly for married immigrant women. This means that specialized systematic evaluation and treatment approach needs to be developed to provide culturally relevant mental health services for foreigners living in Korea.

주의력결핍 과잉운동장애 환아에서 주의력 과제와 관련된 대뇌의 기능적 국소화

신동원,송동호,전덕인,남궁기,이만홍,이홍식,민성길 大韓神經精神醫學會 1999 신경정신의학 Vol.38 No.5

연구목적 : 주의력결핍 과잉운동장애는 주의력에 결함이 있는 장애이다. 주의력에 주로 관여하는 부위는 전두엽과 두정엽으로서 이전 연구에서 주의력결핍 과잉운동장애 환자의 전두엽과 두정엽의 이상에 대하여 보고되어 왔으나, 대부분 안정상태에서 정상인과 비교한 연구들이다. 이에 본 연구는 주의력결핍 과잉운동장애 환자가 주의를 요하는 과제를 실행하는 동안 활성화되는 뇌의 양상을 정량화 뇌파를 이용하여 파악하고, 활성화 양상에 있어 정상인과의 차이점을 확인해 주의력결핍 과잉운동장애 환자의 주의력 결함과 관계된 뇌의 국소적 병태를 밝히고자 하였다. 또한 주의력결핍 과잉운동장애 환자의 주의력 결함과 관계된 뇌의 국소적 병태를 밝히고자 하였다. 또한 주의력결핍 과잉운동장애의 치료제인 methylphenidate를 주의력결핍 과잉운동장애 환자에게 투여하여 주의력 과제 중에 활성화되는 뇌 양상의 변화를 알아보고, 치료제가 주의력을 높이는 기전에 대한 이해를 넓히고자 하였다. 방 법 : 연구 대상자는 환자 20명, 정상인 20명으로 총 40명이었다. 두 군은 성별, 나이, 손잡이, 지능에 있어서 차이가 없도록 선발되었다. 정상인은 안정 상태와 주의력 과제를 실행하는 동안 정량화 뇌파를 측정하였다. 환자군은 methylphenidate를 투여한 상태와 투여하지 않은 상태에서 각각 안정 상태와 주의력 과제를 실행하는 동안 정량화 뇌파를 측정하였다. 결 과 : 본 연구의 결과는 다음과 같다. 1) 집중력 검사상, 정상대조군이 투약 전 환자군에 비해 목표자극에 대한 정반응 시간과 목표 자극에 대한 정반응 시간의 표준편차에 있어 유의하게 낮은 점수를 보여 집중력이 좋음을 알 수 있었다. 환자군은 누락 오류, 목표 자극에 대한 평균 정반응 시간, 표준편차에 있어 투약 전에 비해 투약 후에 유의하게 낮은 점수를 얻어, 투약 후 집중력이 유의하게 호전됨을 확인하였다. 정상 대조군과 투약 후 환자군 사이에 집중력 검사상 차이는 없었다. 2) 안정상태에서 얻은 정량화 뇌파의 모든 파 영역에서 환자군은 정상군에 비해 유의하게 뇌파의 전위가 증가해 있었다. 3) 정량화 뇌파의 delta 파 영역에서 뇌파를 분석한 결과, 정상 대조군의 경우, 주의력 과제 중에는 안정상태에 비하여 두정-후두엽 부위의 전위가 유의하게 증가하였으나, 환자군에서는 주의력 과제 중에 유의하게 전위가 증가하는 부위가 없어, 국소화한 뇌 활성 변화를 관찰할 수 없었다. 4) Theta 파 영역에서, 정상 대조군의 경우, 주의력 과제 중에는 안정상태에 비해 우측 전두엽, 우측 측두엽, 양측 두정-후두엽 부위에서 전위가 유의하게 증가하였다. 그러나 환자군에서 투약하기 전에는 유의하게 증가하는 부위가 없었다. 환자군에서 투약 후에는 우측 전두엽, 우측 측두엽, 양측 두정-후두엽 부위에서 유의하게 전위가 증가해, 정상 대조군과 유사한 뇌활성도의 변화 양상을 보였다. 5) Alpha 파 영역에서, 정상 대조군의 경우, 주의력 과제 중에는 안정상태와 비교해 두정-후두엽 부위만이 유의하게 뇌파가 증가하는 반면, 투약하지 않은 환자군의 경우 광범위한 부위에서 유의하게 뇌파가 증가하여 뇌 활성 변화 부위가 국소화되지 않았다. 6) Beta 파 영역에서, 정상 대조군의 경우 안정상태에 비해 주의력 과제 중에는 좌측 전두엽과 Cz 부위만이 유의하게 전위가 증가하는 반면, 투약 하지 않은 환자군의 경우 거의 모든 뇌부위에서 전위가 유의하게 증가해 뇌의 활성 변화 부위가 국소화되지 않았다. 투약한 후에는 좌측 전두엽과 양측 측두엽의 뇌파가 유의하게 증가해 국소화한 뇌 활성 변화 양상을 보였다. 결 론 : 주의력결핍 과잉운동장애 환자는 안정상태에서 정상인과 비교해 뇌파상 비정상적으로 활성화되어 있다. 정상인의 경우, 공간 자극에 관계된 주의력 과제 실행시 주로 전두엽과 두정-후두엽이 활성화되었으나 주의력결핍 과잉운동장애 환자는 국소적인 뇌활성화에 실패하였다. 주의력결핍 과잉운동장애 환자의 주의력 결함은 전두엽과 두정-후두엽 부위의 병태와 관련이 있을 것으로 사료된다. Objectives : The attentional deficit is a core symptom in attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. The major brain areas related to attention are frontal and parietal lobes. Abnormalities of frontal and parietal lobes in attention deficit hyperactivity disorder have been reported in previous researches. But, most of the researches are based on comparing patients and controls while they are in resting condition. Further research on functional changes related to performance of attentional task is needed to understand the attentional dysfunction in attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. In this study, the localized functional changes of the brains related to attentional task in patients with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder and the differences of them between patients and normal controls were examined. Also the effect of the methylphenidate on functional changes related to attentional task in patients with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder was examined. Method : Quantitative electroencephalography(QEEG) was applied to examine the fuctional changes related to attentional task. Subjects of this study consisted of 20 patients with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder and 20 controls who were matched age, sex, handedness, intelligence. QEEG was recorded on eye open resting condition, and on performing computerized attentional task. In cases of patients, after taking of methylphenidate, QEEG was recorded on both conditions. Results : 1) In attention test, normal controls had better scores in response time and variabilities of response time than those of patients with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder without taking methylphenidate. After taking medication, scores of omission, response time and variabilities of response time were significantly improved, comparing to scores without taking medication. No differences were recognized between the controls and patients with taking medication in scores of attention test. 2) In resting condition, spectral EEG revealed baseline activity levels of patients were significantly increased comparing to those of controls. 3) Analysis of delta wave revealed that amplitudes of controls were significantly elevated in parieto-occipital area during performance of attentional task. But in patients, localized activated area related to attentional task was not remarkable. 4) Theta activity of controls were significantly elevated in right frontal, right temporal, and both parieto-occipital areas during performance of attentional task. But in patients without taking medication, localized activated area related to attentional work was not remarkable. After taking medication, right frontal, right temporal, and both parieto-occipital areas were significantly activated. 5) Alpha activities of controls were significantly increased in parieto-occipital area during performance of attentional task, but those of patient without taking medication were increased in broad area. 6) Beta activities of controls were significantly increased in frontal area during attentional performance, but those of patients without taking medication were significantly increased in most of the brain areas. After taking medication, significantly increased activities related to attentional task were recognized in left frontal, and both temporal areas. Localized activated patterns similar to those of controls were recognized. Conclusion : Based on the results of this research, it is suggested that patients with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder have increased baseline brain activity. In controls, brains showed localized response to a attentional stimuli, and functional changes related to attentional stimuli were recognized in frontal, and parieto-occipital areas. But, patients failed in showing appropriate localized activated response to attentional stimuli. It is concluded that frontal and parieto-occipital areas have some deficit responsible for the attentional dysfunction of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder.

[P2-47] 간수 및 함초 첨가가 쌀밥의 품질에 미치는 영향

양아여,송동길,나현엽,곽안나,박양균 한국식품영양과학회 2008 한국식품영양과학회 학술대회발표집 Vol.2008 No.10

Self-regulated learning strategies and student video engagement trajectory in a video-based asynchronous online course: a Bayesian latent growth modeling approach

김동호,조일현,송동길,Hua Zheng,Li, Jingwei,Zhu, Jiawen,Huang, Xing,Yan, Wei,Xu, Zhen 서울대학교 교육연구소 2021 Asia Pacific Education Review Vol.22 No.2

The self-paced nature of asynchronous online learning (AOL) is recognized as an obstacle that disrupts student success in the learning environment. Without on-time interventions provided by instructors, students find it challenging to use learning strategies tailored to the learning environment, and their use of self-regulated learning (SRL) strategies has been regarded one of the key indicators of success in AOL. To examine how student SRL strategies are associated with their video engagement trajectory and learning outcomes, we used student video engagement data collected at multiple time points. Participants were 159 students who were taking a self-paced asynchronous online statistics course. Results revealed that student video engagement was found to increase over time and student management strategies contributed to the upward change. We also found that the growth of engagement predicted student achievement in the course. Our findings shed light on instructional strategies to support students in AOL contexts.

한국판 진단적 면담검사의 개발과 그 타당도 검사 : 강화도 정신과 역학 연구(I) Kangwha Psychiatric Epidemiologic Survey(I)

이만홍,이호영,민성길,김경희,김수영,송동호,신정호,박묵희,배안,송금영 大韓神經精神醫學會 1986 신경정신의학 Vol.25 No.2

Because the NIMH-Diagnostic Interview Schedule(DIS), a fully structured and computer-analyzable diagnostic instrument, was developed for the use of large-scale epidemiologic studies such as the ECA program in the United States, it can be most suitably applied to our Kangwha Psychiatric Epidemiologic Survey, that is the first step of our ongoing Kangwha Mental Health project for the development of psychiatric service delivery system & community mental health modality in Korea. The authors presented translation procedure of the DIS-ⅢA version and subsequent editing of korean version, and discussed several problems occurring in the procedures as transcultural point of view. The concurrent validity of Korean version has been also studied by calculating agreement(kappa value)between DIS diagnosis by lay-interviewers and clinical diagnoses by psychiatrists according to the line of DIS-ⅢA with exclusion criteria. The subjects included in this validity study were 155 selected from 5 different psychiatric clinic of both inpatient and outpatient services. The DIS interviewers who had been trained for two weeks according to NIMH-St.Louis group workshop schedule. Independent clinical diagnoses for each subject were obtained by psychiatrists and their intake diagnostic conference procedures. The results were as follows; 1)Various sections of DIS-ⅢA, especially somatization and major depression section were inevitably modified as the result of transcultural considerations. 2)kappa values of agreement are rather low in neurotic disorders such as panic(0.2), generalized anxiety disorder(0.49) without statistical significance, but rather high in the remaining disorders showing between 0.63 and 0.81. 3)The Kappa value of somatization disorder is 0.66, higher than expected before this study, and it can be possibly increased up to 0.92 by adding supplementary 21 items of culture-bound symptom complaints.

청소년에서 폭력에의 노출과 관련된 정신의학적 증상

김동기,이호분,민성길,송동호,육기환,전여숙 大韓神經精神醫學會 1998 신경정신의학 Vol.37 No.2

서울 시내 중학생 1345명을 대상으로 폭력에 노출되는 정도와 이와 연관된 정신의학적 증상을 알아보고자 하였다. 이를 위해 자기보고식 설문지를 사용하였는데. 설문지의 내용은 사회인구학적 자료와 집. 학교, 동네에서 폭력을 당하거나 목격했는지를 묻는 문항과 폭력에 의한 정신의학적 증상의 정도를 묻는 TSC(trauma symptom checklist)로 구성되었으며, 그 결과는 다음과 같다. 1) 전체 학생 중 45%가 폭력에 노출된 경험이 있었으며. 남자가 여자보다 많았다 (p<0.025). 집에서 구타 당한 경험은 여학생이 22.8%로 남학생보다 유의하게 높았다 (p<0.001). 학교. 동네에서 구타당한 경험은 남학생이 각각 22.1%. 10.1%로서 여학생보다 유의하게 높았다. 2) TSC를 요인 분석한 결과 불안-우울, PTSD, 해리, 분노 증상으로 나뉘었다. TSC는 폭력 경험 변인들과 상관 관계를 나타냈다. 다중 회귀분석을 실시한 결과 TSC와 연관된 폭력 노출 변인은 일생 동안의 폭력 노출(R²=0.18). 최근의 성폭력 경험(R²=7.12). 최근 집에서의 폭력 경험(R²=0.08), 최근 학교에서의 폭력 경험(R²=0.08), 최근 집에서의 폭력 목격(R²=0.07). 모든 종류의 폭력 노출(R²=0.29)로 나타났다. 3) TSC와 유의하게 연관된 사회인구학적 변인은 여성, 물질 남용의 가족력이 있는 경우, 술이나 담배 약물 남용을 하는 청소년인 것으로 나타났다. 따라서 청소년 폭력에의 희생자에 대한 정신의학적 개입에는 이러한 위험인자에 대한 고려가 필요하리라고 본다. In this research, we examined the frequency of exposure to violence in the home, school and neighborhood among middle school students as well as its related psychiatric symptoms. A total of 1,345 students from 5 middle schools in Seoul participated in this study : 670 were male,675 were female. We administered self-reported questionaires including discriptions of exposure to violence and a trauma symptom checklist(TSC)(Singer 1995). 1) The total frequency of exposure to any type of violence was 45% in our sample. The frequency of girls' being hit in home was 22.8%, which was significantly higher than it was for boys(p<0.001). The frequency of boys' exposure to violence in school and in the neighbor-hood was 22.1% and 10.1% respectively, which was higher than it was for girls(p <0.005). 2) In factor analysis of TSC, 4 factors were identified. TSC including depression-anxity, PTSD, dissociation and anger was correlated with violence exposure variables. Multiple regression analysis revealed that TSC is related with violence victimization in life(R2=0.18), sexual assault(R2= 0.12), recent victimization in the home(R2= 0.08), recent witness to violencein the home(R2=0.07), recent victimization in school(R2=0.08) and all violence exposures(R2=0.29). 3) Among the demographic variables, sex, parental alcohol problem and student alcohol-smoking-drug problems influenced the TSC(p <0.005). TSC could be result of witness to violence as well as violence victimization. And the risk factors for violence-related psychiatric symptoms were mainly seen in females, who have parents with alcohol problems or who themselves have alcohol-smoking-substance problems. So intervention programs for violence victims should be focused on the these high risk group.