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창의성 과제 특성, 부화활동의 유형, 과제선택권에 따른 부화효과의 차이
민지연 한국창의력교육학회 2023 창의력교육연구 Vol.23 No.4
The purpose of this study was investigated the incubation effect on the two main types of creative thinking, convergent thinking (e.g., remote association task) and divergent thinking (e.g., alternative use task). More importantly, the main interest of this study was to know on how incubation activities that participate in the incubation stage and choice in tasks play a role for the effect of incubation. In experiment 1, taking away from the problem for a while and participating another task was helpful to creative problem solving. In experiment 2, the result of convergent thinking task (RAT) showed that incubation effects were differed according to incubation activities and choice in tasks. The incubation group with no choice in tasks displayed significant performance improvement compared to the choice in tasks group. In addition, we could not find the difference in incubation effect for the incubation activities. In contrast, the result of divergent thinking task (AUT) showed that there were no difference in incubation effects according to incubation activities and choice in tasks. Based on these results, we discussed creativity education using incubation.
Inflammation induces two types of inflammatory dendritic cells in inflamed lymph nodes
민지연,양동찬,김미랑,함기옥,유안지,최재훈,Barbara U Schraml,김용성,김동섭,강석조 생화학분자생물학회 2018 Experimental and molecular medicine Vol.50 No.-
The spatiotemporal regulation of immune cells in lymph nodes (LNs) is crucial for mounting protective T-cell responses, which are orchestrated by dendritic cells (DCs). However, it is unclear how the DC subsets are altered by the inflammatory milieu of LNs. Here, we show that the inflamed LNs of Listeria-infected mice are characterized by the clustering of neutrophils and monocytes and IFN-γ production. Significantly, the early inflammatory responses are coupled with the differentiation of not one, but two types of CD64+CD11c+MHCII+ inflammatory DCs. Through the assessment of chemokine receptor dependency, gene expression profiles, growth factor requirements and DC-specific lineage mapping, we herein unveil a novel inflammatory DC population (we termed ‘CD64+ cDCs’) that arises from conventional DCs (cDCs), distinguishable from CD64+ monocyte-derived DCs (moDCs) in inflamed LNs. We determined that Listeria-induced type I IFN is a critical inflammatory cue for the development of CD64+ cDCs but not CD64+ moDCs. Importantly, CD64+ cDCs displayed a higher potential to activate T cells than CD64+ moDCs, whereas the latter showed more robust expression of inflammatory genes. Although CD64+ and CD64− cDCs were able to cross-present soluble antigens at a high dose to CD8+ T cells, CD64+ cDCs concentrated and cross-presented a minute amount of soluble antigens delivered via CD64 (FcγRI) as immune complexes. These findings reveal the role of early inflammatory responses in driving the differentiation of two inflammatory DC subsets empowered with distinct competencies.
웹 정보 수집 관리 도구로서의 북마크 이용행태 분석을 통한 개선방안 연구
민지연,이지연 한국정보관리학회 2009 정보관리학회지 Vol.26 No.4
As the amount of web information grows, a bookmark has become an important tool to reuse web information effectively which is relevant to users’ information needs. Thus, this study aimed to investigate how bookmarks are used as a management tool of web information, and what functions users require concerned with it. For this purpose, semi-structured interviews and observations were carried out from 5 respondents, and a survey was conducted to investigate the relationship between bookmark using behaviors and requirements for function improvement. The users who use bookmark less frequently think bookmark feature essential for the purpose of reusing web information. 웹을 통해 접할 수 있는 정보의 양이 급격하게 증가함에 따라, 북마크는 이용자가 정보요구에 적합한 웹 정보를 효율적으로 재이용할 수 있게 해주는 도구라는 점에서 중요해졌다. 이 연구에서는 웹에서의 정보 수집 및 관리 도구로서의 북마크 이용 행태를 파악하고, 이와 관련하여 북마크 기능이 어떻게 개선되어야 하는지를 분석하였다. 이를 위해 응답자 5명을 대상으로 인터뷰 및 관찰을 실시하고, 180명의 이용자를 대상으로 설문조사를 실시하여 북마크 이용 목적에 따라 이용 행태와 기능 개선에 대한 요구사항에 차이가 있는지를 조사하였다. 분석 결과, 웹 정보의 수집을 위해 북마크를 이용하는 경우 맥락 정보에 대한 요구사항이 높은 것으로 나타났다. 또한 북마크 이용 빈도가 낮은 집단은 웹 정보 재이용이라는 목적에 대해 북마크 기능이 필수적이라고 여기는 것으로 나타났다.