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촉감각적 지시법(Wafer-method)에 의한 청각장애아동의 조음개선 효과
강주혜(Ju-Hye Kang),석동일(Dong-Il Seok),박상희(Sang-Hee Park) 한국언어청각임상학회 2001 Communication Sciences and Disorders Vol.5 No.2
청각장애 아동들은 청지각의 문제로 인해서 조음오류를 범하게 된다. 이러한 조음오류를 개선시키기 위해서는 다감각적인 접근이 필요하다. 특히 촉감각과 시각을 이용하는 것은 그들에게 유용한 접근방법이 될 수 있다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 Wafer-method와 같은 촉감각을 이용하여 그 조음개선을 살펴보았다. 세 명의 청각장애 아동을 대상으로 하여 대상간 중다기초선 설계방법으로 실험하였고, 음소는 연구개음과 치조음을 선정하였다. 연구결과는 치료효과와 유지효과를 측정하여 기초선 평가 때 실시한 결과와 그 향상정도를 비교 분석하였으며, 그 결과 연구개음과 치조음에서 모두 개선을 보였다. 그러나 학습하지 않은 다른 단어로의 전이 정도는 그 다지 많지 않았다. The purpose of this study was to examine the improvement s of articulation of alveolar consonant s and velar sounds , and to investigate the effect s of transfer of the con sonant s to words when applying tactile feedback by Wafer -method of articulation therapy of the hearing impaired children. Each subject was scheduled for a 30 minute session three times a week. T he subject s received 36 ses sions of articulation training during 4 months. T he treatment design used was a multiple baseline across the subject s. The tactile feedback by Wafer -method was administered to each subject individually . T he result s of this study were as follows ; (1) the alveolar consonant / d/ and the velar con sonant / k/ improved remarkably for all children ; (2) the alveolar con sonant / d/ improved more than the velar / k/ ; (3) the improvement s of objective sound / d/ , independent consonant / k/ and meaningless syllable did not have effect s on transferring to words that were not cured for all children ; (4) the tongue training cour se conducted at the beginning of this program had effect s on the tongue and the mobility and stability of the lower jaw. All children took passive attitude to the tongue training at the beginning of program. And they had difficulty in detaching wafer s that were attached on the upper and lower lips , and on the left and right lips , due to immobility , instability and tension, etc. But , as the frequency of cures increased, the mobility and stability of the tongue improved remarkably , and the children became positive as to the movement of the tongue.
Effects of Curcumin on the Modulation of Microglial Activation(Ⅲ)
Jung, ki Kyung,Lee, Hae Sung,Kim, Tae Gyun,Kang, Ju Hye,Cho, Mi Young,Kim, Seung Hee,Hong, Sungyoul,Kang, Seog Youn 식품의약품안전청 2001 식품의약품안전청 연보 Vol.5 No.-
노인성 치때의 원인물질로 추정되는 Af뀁타이드와 IFN- r로 운도된 microglia의 활성화를 카레의 주성분인 curcumin이 이를 억제하는지 알아보았으며, 또한 도파민에 의해 부분적으로 손상된 신경세포가 활성화된 micro잃.ia회부터 생성된 NO에 의해 손상정도가 증가하는지를 밝히고, curcumin이 NO 캥성을 막제하여 손긍된 신경세포를 보호할 수 있는지를 연구하였다. 생후 0일에서 』일된 rat의 데뇌피질로부터 microgtial cell을 2~3주간 culture하여 얻은 다음 Aβ(25-35)와 IFN-γ로 활성죡를 유도하고 curcLlmin을 2.j~20rH1 범위로 처리했을 패, NO, TNf-o, IL-lr, IL-6의 생성이 용량의존걱으로 억제되었다. 특히 ,4.Ji'(2i-35)와 IFN-r에 의해 활성화된 micro앙la 세포와 도파민에 의해 부분짙으조 손상된 신경세포(CATH.a cell)와의 coculture를 통하여 활성화된 rrllcroglia로부터 생성된 NO가 도과민에 의한 신경세포의 손상을 더욱 더 증가시켰다. 또한 이러한 신경세포의 손상이 J,fl포사멸 (apoptosis)의 형태로 나타남을 밝혔다. 이러한 모델에 curcumin을 적응한 결과 신경세포의 손상이 감소됨을 알 수 있었다. 따라서, 이러한 결과는 curcumin이 Aβ(23-3i)와 IFh- r로 microglia의 확성화를 유도했을 때 생성되는 NO를 억제함으로서 부분적으로 신경J,11포를 보호할 수 있음을 시사한다. Microglia, brain resident macrophages, play a central role in the inflammatory responses of the brain and are activated in brain injuries and several neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's and Huntigton's disease, thereby aggravating the course of these diseases. In this study we investigated whether curcumin, which is a major component of turmeric (Curcuma longa) and is known as antiinflammatory and antioxidant material, can inhibit production of inflammatory factors in amyloid β(Aβ(25-35)) and interferon-γ-stimulated microglia. Curcumin inhibited production of these factors in a dose dependent manner and also dexamethasone (DEX) inhibited production of them. Continuously, we examined whether curcumin can protect the partially dopamine-damaged neuron through suppression of the production of NO in Aβ(25-35) and interferon-γ-stimulated microglia using potentiation of CATH.a cell death induced by dopamine. Curcumin reduced CATH.a cell death by dopamine level in co-culture with immunostimulated microglia. iNOS inhibitor, NMMA and DEX also reduced CATH.a cell death. Furthermore, both curcumin and NMMA reduced apoptotic death of CATH.a cells in DAPI staining and DNA fragmentation experiments. This result suggest that curcumin can protect neuron in part through suppression of NO produced from Aβ(25-35) plus IFN-γ-stimulated microglia.
이민지,이지선,박혜영,강일현,강주혜 한국약용작물학회 2018 한국약용작물학술대회 발표집 Vol.2018 No.10
Background : The reference standards of herbal medicine is used to quality control for herbal medicines. It is important that National Reference Standards maintain high stability of herbal medicines during all periods from the manufacture to the storage. In order to control quality of herbal medicines, the control reference standards (CRSs) have been produced by Ministry of Food and Drug Safety, starting from 2002. The designated CRSs are essential tests and assays to be carried out in accordance with the official compendium such as the Korean Pharmacopoeia and the Korean Herbal Pharmacopoeia. Methods and Results : The aim of this study is to perform a stability testing for 80 national reference standards to ensure the reliability of standards. For example, there are reference standards of Sweroside, Liquiritin, Wogonin etc. First of all, We randomly select three samples of CRSs and weight them and mobile phase is made suitable for the experimental conditions. We analyzed the purity value of each CRSs in calculating absolute peak area percent, using High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) based on the method in the official compendium. And the result showed that 80 evaluted CRSs were revealed more than 95% purity value. The stability of the CRSs under storage condition (4℃) were tested annually for 3 randomly selected samples. Conclusion : There are no significant difference among observed contents. The results of stability assessment represent suitable for quantitative analysis: less than 5% uncertainty of measurement. Even though this statistical analysis identified that stability was maintained for most of the products, some of them still need to be continuously monitored.