Early Bile Duct Cancer Detected by Direct Peroral Cholangioscopy with Narrow-Band Imaging after Bile Duct Stone Removal

김희경,문종호,최현종,김희경,민슬기,박종규,조영덕,박상흠,이문성 거트앤리버 소화기연관학회협의회 2011 Gut and Liver Vol.5 No.3

Cholangioscopy not only enables the direct visualization of the biliary tree, but also allows for forceps biopsy to diagnosis early cholangiocarcinoma. Recently, some reports have suggested the clinical usefulness of direct peroral cholangioscopy (POC) using an ultra-slim endoscope with a standard endoscopic unit by a single operator. Enhanced endoscopy, such as narrow band imaging (NBI), can be helpful for detecting early neoplasia in the gastrointestinal tract and is easily applicable during direct POC. A 63-year-old woman with acute cholangitis had persistent bile duct dilation on the left hepatic duct after common bile duct stone removal and clinical improvement. We performed direct POC with NBI using an ultra-slim upper endoscope to examine the strictured segment. NBI examination showed an irregular surface and polypoid structure with tumor vessels. Target biopsy under direct endoscopic visualization was performed, and adenocarcinoma was documented. The patient underwent an extended left hepatectomy, and the resected specimen showed early bile duct cancer confined to the ductal mucosa.

GzRUM1, Encoding an Ortholog of Human Retinoblastoma Binding Protein 2, is Required for Ascospore Development in Gibberella zeae

김희경,윤성환,이인원 한국식물병리학회 2011 Plant Pathology Journal Vol.27 No.1

Gibberella zeae (anamorph: Fusarium graminearum), a homothallic (self-ferile) ascomycete with ubiquitous geographic distribution, causes serious diseases in several cereal crops. Ascospores (sexual spores) produced by this fungal pathogen have been suggested as the main source of primary inoculum in disease development. Here, we report the function of a gene designated GzRUM1, which is essential for ascospore formation in G. zeae. The deduced product of GzRUM1 showed significant similarities to the human retinoblastoma (tumor suppressor) binding protein 2 and a transcriptional repressor, Rum1 in the corn smut fungus (Ustilago maydis). The transcript of GzRUM1 was detected during the both vegetative and sexual stages, but was more highly accumulated during the latter stage. In addition,no GzRUM1 transcript was detected in a G. zeae strain lacking a mating-type gene (MAT1-2), a master regulator for sexual development in G. zeae. Targeted deletion of GzRUM1 caused no dramatic changes in several traits except ascospore formation. The ΔGzRUM1 strain produced perithecia (sexual fruit bodies) but not asci nor ascospores within them. This specific defect leading to an arrest in ascospore development suggests that GzRUM1, as Rum1 in U. maydis, functions as a transcriptional regulator during sexual reproduction in G. zeae.

Evaluation of Potential Reference Genes for Quantitative RT-PCR Analysis in Fusarium graminearum under Different Culture Conditions

김희경,윤성환 한국식물병리학회 2011 Plant Pathology Journal Vol.27 No.4

The filamentous fungus Fusarium graminearum is an important cereal pathogen. Although quantitative realtime PCR (qRT-PCR) is commonly used to analyze the expression of important fungal genes, no detailed validation of reference genes for the normalization of qRT-PCR data has been performed in this fungus. Here, we evaluated 15 candidate genes as references,including those previously described as housekeeping genes and those selected from the whole transcriptome sequencing data. By a combination of three statistical algorithms (BestKeeper, geNorm, and NormFinder),the variation in the expression of these genes was assessed under different culture conditions that favored mycelial growth, sexual development, and trichothecene mycotoxin production. When favoring mycelial growth,GzFLO and GzUBH expression were most stable in complete medium. Both EF1A and GzRPS16 expression were relatively stable under all conditions on carrot agar, including mycelial growth and the subsequent perithecial induction stage. These two genes were also most stable during trichothecene production. For the combined data set, GzUBH and EF1A were selected as the most stable. Thus, these genes are suitable reference genes for accurate normalization of qRT-PCR data for gene expression analyses of F. graminearum and other related fungi.

미디어 비평 프로그램 제작 주체의 인식 차이에 관한 연구

김희경 한국언론학회 2005 한국언론학회 학술대회 발표논문집 Vol.2005 No.-

Functional Roles of a Putative B' Delta Regulatory Subunit and a Catalytic Subunit of Protein Phosphatase 2A in the Cereal Pathogen Fusarium graminearum

김희경,윤성환 한국식물병리학회 2012 Plant Pathology Journal Vol.28 No.3

Protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A), a family of serine/threonine protein phosphatases, plays an important role in balancing the phosphorylation status of cellular proteins for regulating diverse biological functions in eukaryotic organisms. Despite intensive studies in mammals, limited information on its role is available in filamentous fungi. Here, we investigated the functional roles of genes for a putative B' delta regulatory subunit (FgPP2AR) and a catalytic subunit (FgPP2AC) of PP2A in a filamentous ascomycete, Fusarium graminearum. Molecular characterization of an insertional mutant of this plant pathogenic fungus allowed us to identify the roles of FgPP2AR. Targeted gene replacement and complementation analyses demonstrated that the deletion of FgPP2AR, which was constitutively expressed in all growth stages, caused drastic changes in hyphal growth,conidia morphology/germination, gene expression for mycotoxin production, sexual development and pathogenicity. In particular, overproduction of aberrant cylindrical-shaped conidia is suggestive of arthroconidial induction in the ΔFgPP2AR strain, which has never been described in F. graminearum. In contrast, the ΔFgPP2AC strain was not significantly different from its wild-type progenitor in conidiation, trichothecene gene expression, and pathogenicity; however, it showed reduced hyphal growth and no perithecial formation. The double-deletion ΔFgPP2AR;ΔFgPP2AC strain had more severe defects than single-deletion strains in all examined phenotypes. Taken together, our results indicate that both the putative regulatory and catalytic subunits of PP2A are involved in various cellular processes for fungal development in F. graminearum.

『죽천이공행적록』, 바닷길로 떠난 중국 사행

김희경 한국박물관학회 2016 博物館學報 Vol.- No.31

국립해양박물관 소장『죽천이공행적록』은 1624년 인조(仁祖, 재위 1623-1649) 왕권 승인을 위해 주청사로 명나라에 다녀온 죽천 이덕형(李德泂, 1566-1645)의 한글 필사본 사행록이다. 표제는 “?쳔니공?ㅣ?녹”이고 크기는 세로 34cm, 가로 23cm이다. 대체 로 각 면 11행, 각 행 20자씩 배자되어 있으며 총 155쪽 분량의 글로 이루어졌다. 책 에는 1624년 6월 20일부터 1625년 4월 2일까지의 사행과정 중 1624년 10월 13일까지 의 내용만 기록되어 있다. 따라서 별도의 책수가 표시되어 있진 않지만 내용 전개상 원래 전?후반 두 편으로 구성되었을 것으로 보이며『죽천이공행적록』은 전반부에 해당 되는 것으로 파악된다.

Comparison of the optical properties of pre-colored dental monolithic zirconia ceramics sintered in a conventional furnace versus a microwave oven

김희경,김성훈 대한치과보철학회 2017 The Journal of Advanced Prosthodontics Vol.9 No.5

PURPOSE. The purpose of this study was to compare the optical properties of pre-colored dental monolithic zirconia ceramics of various thicknesses sintered in a microwave and those in a conventional furnace. MATERIALS AND METHODS. A2-shade of pre-colored monolithic zirconia ceramic specimens (22.0 mm × 22.0 mm) in 3 thickness groups of 0.5, 1.0, and 1.5 mm were divided into 2 subgroups according to the sintering methods (n=9): microwave and conventional sintering. A spectrophotometer was used to obtain CIELab color coordinates, and translucency parameters and CIEDE2000 color differences (ΔE00) were measured. The relative amount of monoclinic phase (Xm) was estimated with x-ray diffraction. The surface topography was analyzed by atomic force microscope and scanning electron microscope. Statistical analyses were conducted with two-way ANOVA (α=.05). RESULTS. There were small interaction effects on CIE L*, a*, and TP between sintering method and thickness (P<.001): L* (partial eta squared ηp2=0.115), a* (ηp2=0.136), and TP (ηp2=0.206), although higher b* values were noted for microwave sintering regardless of thickness. Color differences between two sintering methods ranged from 0.52 to 0.96 ΔE00 units. The Xm values ranged from 7.03% to 9.89% for conventional sintering, and from 7.31% to 9.17% for microwave sintering. The microwave-sintered specimen demonstrated a smoother surface and a more uniform grain structure compared to the conventionally-sintered specimen. CONCLUSION. With reduced processing time, microwave-sintered pre-colored dental monolithic zirconia ceramics can exhibit similar color perception and translucency to those by conventional sintering.

Generation of an Arginine Auxotrophic Mutant of Colletotrichum acutatum as a Recipient Host for Insertional Mutagenesis

김희경,이선희,김흥태,윤성환 한국식물병리학회 2009 Plant Pathology Journal Vol.25 No.3

Colletotrichum acutatum was the main cause of the recent outbreaks of anthracnose on pepper fruit in Korea. To facilitate molecular analysis of C. acutatum, we generated an arginine auxotrophic mutant of the C. acutatum strain JC24 using a targeted gene replacement strategy. A 3.3-kb genomic region carrying an ortholog (designated CaARG2) of the fungal gene encoding Nacetylglutamate synthase, the first enzyme of arginine biosynthesis in fungi, was deleted from the fungal genome. The mutant exhibited normal growth only when arginine was exogenously supplied into the culture medium. Transformation of the arginine auxotrophic mutant with a plasmid DNA carrying an intact copy of CaARG2, which was smaller than the deleted region in the mutant, not only caused random vector insertions in the fungal genome, but also recovered both hyphal growth and pathogenicity of the mutant to the wild-type level. Using this new selection system, we have successfully developed a restriction enzyme-mediated integration procedure, which would provide an economically efficient random mutagenesis method in C. acutatum.

폐경 전 여성에서 비만도에 따른 혈중 렙틴 농도와 대사증후군 관련인자와의 상관관계 비교

김희경,박근규,김미경,장영윤,김상윤,정의달,김혜순,도주호,이인규 대한당뇨병학회 2005 Diabetes and Metabolism Journal Vol.29 No.3

一部都市 低所得層의 就學前의 어린이의 營養實態에 관한 硏究(家族計劃 變數를 中心으로)

金姬京,牟壽美 대한보건협회 1979 대한보건연구 Vol.5 No.1

In order to evaluate the nutritional status of preschool children in relation to family planning variables such as the number of sibling, birth order and birth interval from preceding and next sibling, a dietary survey of 246 preschool children, ranging from one to five years old was performed in low income families in the suburbs of Seoul. The survey was conducted from June to August 1977. This study includes analytic data on dietary intake, physical status and prevalence of angular stomatitis. Dietary intake level was measured by the 24 hour recall method with interview of children's mothers or other family members caring for the children. The calculated nutrient intakes were expressed as a percentage of recommended dietary requirements for age 1 through 5 respectively. and the height, weight and arm circumference were used as physical measurement. The observed height and weight were compared with the Korean standards of 1975 report, and the arm circumferences with the Jelliffe's standard. Then, the physical growth values below 90% of each standard were classified accordiug to family planning variables. 1. Dietary intake The larger the number of sibling and the later the birth order, the lesser the nutrient intakes were obseriled. Thus, the energy, protein, calcium and riboflavin intakes were proportionally decreased(P<0.01). The longer the birth interval the lesser the nutrient intakes were also detected, but the effect of birth interval on nutrient intakes was not so great as those of the number of sibling and birth order. 2. Physical status The larger the number of sibling and the later the birth order, the poorer physical condition was observed (below 90% of standards), relative to height and weight, but the arm circumference for age was inverse. And the shorter the birth interval from preceding sibling and the longer the birth interval until next sibling, the poorer development in weight and arm circumference was observed. 3. The prevalence of angular stomatitis The occurrence of angular stomatitis trends to reflect the nutritional status.