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김형진,이지영,권혁윤 한국공업화학회 2004 응용화학 Vol.8 No.1
This study was carried out to evaluate the application possibility of UF Membrane System to papermaking industry in order to optimize the recycling of white water. In this study, for the efficiency test of UF modules, the MWCO(molecular weight cut-off) of the membrane was estimated by the COD measurement from UF filtrate water. From the rejection rate of membrane, three kinds of UF module were selected and evaluated in the factors of COD, SS, turbidity and flow rate.
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장성동,이은희,홍명엽,문성진,김주혁,이윤관,김영준 한국스포츠리서치 2004 한국 스포츠 리서치 Vol.15 No.1
This study is purposed to analyse the effects of long-term & one-time 10km running exercise from bone metabolic marker change on bone metabolism. 7 male members(18.6±1.08) from a marathon club were subjected to the study. They were allowed to do long-term 10 km running training once a week for 6 months. And bone metabolism mark was determined according to the respective times : before/after 6 months training, before/after 10 km race, one day after the race, 3 days after the race. The examination items of bone metabolism mark were serum calcium, phosphorus, paratyroid hormone, osteocalcin, calcitonin, alkaline phosphatase in blood and calcium, phosphorus, deoxypyridinolin in urine. The results of study were as follows; 1) There was no change in deoxypyridinolin and alkaline phosphatase but there was significant change in calcitonin, paratyroid hormone and osteocalcin(p<.01). 2) There was no change of Calcium in serum and urine but there was significant change of phosphorus in blood(p<.01). To make a conclusion, it is determined that long-term 10 km running at low intensity and low frequency tends to restrict bone metabolism circulation, but exercise at a little high level activates bone metabolism into building up bones and absorbing bones and finally shows up high bone metabolism circulation, which is inferred to have an effective influence on bone health. It is considered there is a possibility that different exercise intensity, even same kind of exercise, influences on bone metabolism sdifferently.
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윤태승,김용득,김혜순,김미정,서영성,권중혁,최진수,김정국,하승우,김보완,원규장,이형우,손호상,이지현,윤현대,김원호,윤영길,이인규 대한내분비학회 2003 Endocrinology and metabolism Vol.18 No.2
연구배경: 비만의 발생 원인은 크게 유전적인 요인과 환경적인 요인으로 나눌 수 있으며, 치근 비만과 관련된 유전자 연구가 활발히 진행되고 있다 지금 까지 알려진 비만 관련 유전자로는 Leptin, UCP, PPAR-r, β3-AR 유전자 등이 있으며, 이 중에서 β3-AR 유전자는 내장 지방에 주로 존재하면서 G 단백질과 결합하여, 아드레날린성 신호에 의해 c-AMP 증가로 지방 분해와 열 발생을 일으킨다. 이 유전자의 64번째 아미노산인 trpytophan이 arginine으로 치환된 변이에서 기초대사율 감소와 체중 증가가 있다는 보고가 있으나, 비만과 무관하다는 보고도 있어, 본 연구는 좀 더 많은 수를 대상으로 β3-AR 유전자 변이에 따른 비만과의 연관성을 확인 위해 시행되었다. 방법: 연구 대상자는 정상군 97명 비만군 101명으로 하여, β3-AR 유전자 변이에 따른 체질량지수, 허리둘레, 엉덩이둘레, 허리엉덩이둘레비, 복부 내장지방면적, 피하지방면적, 내장지방/피하지방면적비율을 비교하고, 총 콜레스테롤, 중성 지방, 고밀도 지단백, 저밀도 지단백 등을 비교하였다. 결과: β3-AR유전자의 다형성이 비만군에 있어 이형접합체변이 (Trp/Arg)와 동형접합체 변이 (Arg/Arg)비율이 43%, 5%로 정상인 36%, 1% 비해 높았으나 통계학적 유의성은 없었다. 복부 피하지방면적 비교에 있어 정상군(Trp/T게)에서는 213.9± 109.6 ㎠인 반면에 동형 접합체변이 (Trp/Arg)와 이형접합체변이 (Arg/Arg)군에서 각각, 244.0±127.7 ㎠, 323.9±189.8 ㎠로 통계학적 유의성이 있었으며, 그 외에 허리 둘레,엉덩이 둘레, 허리 엉덩이 둘레비, 내장지방면적, 내장지빈피하지방면적비 등은 유전자 변이군에서 전반적인 증가는 있었지만 통계학적 유의성은 없었다. 결론: 3-AR 유전자 변이와 비만과의 관련에 대한 본 연구에 의하면, β3-AR 유전자 변이에 따른 비만 연관성은 복부 피하지방면적 증가에 있어서 통계학적으로 유의하게 증가 소견 보였으며, 그 외 다른 비만 관련 인자들에 있어 통계학적 의의는 없으나 전반적인 증가 소견을 보여, 한국인에 있어 β3-AR 유전자 변이는 비만과 연관성이 있을 것이라는 결론을 얻을 수 있었다. Background: Reasons for obesity include environmental facotrs and, more largely so, genetic factors. There have been many studies on these genetic factors. So far, genes related to obesity such as Leptin, Uncoupling Protein(UCP), Peroxisome proliferator activated receptor-gamma (PPAR-γ), and Beta3-adrener-gic receptor(β3-AR) gene have been discovered. Among these, β3-AR is expressed in visceral adipose tissue and is thought to contribute to the regulation of resting metabolic rate and lipolysis. The missense mutation of β3-AR gene, resulting in replacement of tryptophan by arginine at position 64 (Trp64Arg), is associated with decreased resting metabolic rate and weight gain. We performed this study to determine if Trp64Arg polymorphism of β3-AR gene is associated with obesity in Koreans. Method: We investigated the relationship between the (33-AR gene mutation and body mass index (BMI), waist circumference, hip circumference, waist to hip ratio (WHR), area of subcutaneous fat, area of visceral fat, visceral to subcutaneous fat ratio (VSR), and lipid profile. 198 subjects were included in this study of which 97 were of normal weight and 101 were obese. Anthropometric data was obtained from physical examination and medical records. Result: In the cases of (33-AR gene mutation of the obese group, the ratio of Trp/Arg and Arg/Arg are 43% and 5%, respectively, which were higher than the normal group(36%, l%), although a statistical significant was not found. There was significant difference in the are of subcutaneous fat. Normal group (Trp/Trp) measured at 213.9k109.6 ㎠ versus 244.0k127.7 ㎠ (Trp/Arg) and 323.9k189.9 ㎠ (Arg/Arg) for the mutation groups. Circumference of waist, circumference of hip, WHR, area of visceral fat, and VSR were higher in the mutation groups than in normal subject, but not significantly different. Conclusion: These results suggest that a genetic mutation in the (33-AR gene can affect body fat composition, and is associated with obesity in Korean adults (J Kor SOC Endocrinol 18:184-192, 2003).
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Adrenal Schwannoma : Rare Entity of Adrenal Incidentaloma
Hyeok Jun Yun,Soo Young Kim,Seok Mo Kim,Bup Woo Kim,Yong Sang Lee,Hang Seok Chang,Cheong Soo Park 대한갑상선-내분비외과학회 2016 The Koreran journal of Endocrine Surgery Vol.16 No.4
Purpose: Adrenal schwannomas are very rare and are usually incidentally found on autopsy and imaging. The aim of this study was to describe our experience of adrenal schwannoma and review the literature regarding this rare tumor. Methods: To identify patients with adrenal schwannoma, the MEDLINE database was searched via the major electronic database PubMed using the medical subject heading terms “adrenal” and “schwannoma”. Thirty-nine adrenal schwannoma cases, including two from our institution were included. Results: The mean age at diagnosis was 47.95 years (range, 11∼89 years). The female:male ratio was 21:17. Sixteen patients had tumors on the right side, 19 on the left, while one patient had bilateral tumors. The mean tumor size was 6.12 cm (range, 0.6∼14.5 cm), and the mean tumor weight was 161.3 g (range, 31.5∼600.0 g). Sixteen tumors were solid, four cystic, one solid and cystic, and 18 were not described. Histologically, 14 cases were Antoni A, two were Antoni B, and 12 had concomitant Antoni A and B. Conclusion: Adrenal schwannoma is usually an incidental finding, and the clinician must have a high index of suspicion to recognize it when imaging reveals suggestive features.
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Hyeok-Jin Yun,Ho-Sung Kim,Myung-Hyo Ryu,Ju-Won Baek,Hee-Je Kim 전력전자학회 2015 ICPE(ISPE)논문집 Vol.2015 No.6
In this paper, a simple voltage balance method for a SST using cascaded H-bridge converters is proposed to reduce the voltage difference of H-bridge converters. The tolerance of DAB converter’s passive components in each secondary stage causes the unbalance problem of output voltage in primary side H-bridge converter. In order to reduce the voltage difference of H-bridge converters, the additional voltage balance controller is merged in DAB converter’s voltage controller. By using the proposed voltage balance controller, the modified phase shift angle is applied for each DAB converters. Due to the proposed control methods, the dc-link voltage through each H-bridge converters can be balanced. Compared to the conventional methods, the proposed balance method does not require the additional current sensors for voltage balance control. The design and performance of the proposed SST are verified by experimental results using a 5kW prototype.
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Bone and Soft Tissue Changes after Two-Jaw Surgery in Cleft Patients
Yun, Yung Sang,Uhm, Ki Il,Kim, Jee Nam,Shin, Dong Hyeok,Choi, Hyun Gon,Kim, Soon Heum,Kim, Cheol Keun,Jo, Dong In Korean Society of Plastic and Reconstructive Surge 2015 Archives of Plastic Surgery Vol.42 No.4
Background Orthognathic surgery is required in 25% to 35% of patients with a cleft lip and palate, for whom functional recovery and aesthetic improvement after surgery are important. The aim of this study was to examine maxillary and mandibular changes, along with concomitant soft tissue changes, in cleft patients who underwent LeFort I osteotomy and sagittal split ramus osteotomy (two-jaw surgery). Methods Twenty-eight cleft patients who underwent two-jaw surgery between August 2008 and November 2013 were included. Cephalometric analysis was conducted before and after surgery. Preoperative and postoperative measurements of the bone and soft tissue were compared. Results The mean horizontal advancement of the maxilla (point A) was 6.12 mm, while that of the mandible (point B) was -5.19 mm. The mean point A-nasion-point B angle was $-4.1^{\circ}$ before surgery, and increased to $2.5^{\circ}$ after surgery. The mean nasolabial angle was $72.7^{\circ}$ before surgery, and increased to $88.7^{\circ}$ after surgery. The mean minimal distance between Rickett's E-line and the upper lip was 6.52 mm before surgery and 1.81 mm after surgery. The ratio of soft tissue change to bone change was 0.55 between point A and point A' and 0.93 between point B and point B'. Conclusions Patients with cleft lip and palate who underwent two-jaw surgery showed optimal soft tissue changes. The position of the soft tissue (point A') was shifted by a distance equal to 55% of the change in the maxillary bone. Therefore, bone surgery without soft tissue correction can achieve good aesthetic results.
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