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( Baek Gyu Jun ),( Sang Gyune Kim ),( Young Don Kim ),( Gab Jin Cheon ),( Koon Hee Han ),( Jeong-ju Yoo ),( Young Seok Kim ),( Soung Won Jeong ),( Jae Young Jang ),( Sae Hwan Lee ),( Suyeon Park ),( H 대한간학회 2018 춘·추계 학술대회 (KASL) Vol.2018 No.1
Aims: Patients with liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) are often ineligible for resection or local ablation therapy due to poor liver function and/or difficult location. The aim of this study is to evaluate therapeutic outcomes of stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT) combined with transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) compared with TACE alone for HCC measuring less than 5 cm. Methods: From March 2011 to December 2016, 85 patients underwent SBRT with TACE (SBRT-TACE group) and 114 underwent TACE (TACE group) at 4 tertiary hospitals. Local control rate (LCR), progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) were compared after propensity-score matching (1:1 ratio). Results: The SBRT-TACE group showed significantly higher 1- and 3-year LCR than the TACE group (91.1% and 89.9%, respectively vs 69.9% and 44.8%, respectively; P<0.001). The SBRT-TACE group showed better 1- and 3-year PFS than the TACE group (56.5% and 32.3%, respectively vs 42.2% and 21.6%, respectively; P=0.022). However, 1-, 3- and 5-year OS was not different between the SBRT-TACE and TACE groups (98.8%, 89.1% and 80.7%, respectively vs 99.7%, 83.3% and 71.0%, respectively; P=0.206). In multivariate analysis, the overall SBRT added to TACE did not contribute to extend PFS. However, in patients with less than 2 tumors, the combined therapy was effective (HR 0.590, 95% CI 0.392-0.889, P=0.012). Conclusions: SBRT-TACE is superior to TACE in terms of LCR. Particularly, SBRT-TACE may be an effective alternative in patients with HCC number (≤2), which is not indicated for resection or local ablation.
Baek, Jeong Yeob,Jeong, Jae Yeong,Kim, Kyoung In,Won, So-Yoon,Chung, Young Cheul,Nam, Jin Han,Cho, Eun Ju,Ahn, Tae-Beom,Bok, Eugene,Shin, Won-Ho,Jin, Byung Kwan MDPI 2018 INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES Vol.19 No.11
<P>We demonstrated that capsaicin (CAP), an agonist of transient receptor potential vanilloid subtype 1 (TRPV1), inhibits microglia activation and microglia-derived oxidative stress in the substantia nigra (SN) of MPP<SUP>+</SUP>-lesioned rat. However, the detailed mechanisms how microglia-derived oxidative stress is regulated by CAP remain to be determined. Here we report that ciliary neurotrophic factor (CNTF) endogenously produced by CAP-activated astrocytes through TRPV1, but not microglia, inhibits microglial activation and microglia-derived oxidative stress, as assessed by OX-6 and OX-42 immunostaining and hydroethidine staining, respectively, resulting in neuroprotection. The significant increase in levels of CNTF receptor alpha (CNTFRα) expression was evident on microglia in the MPP<SUP>+</SUP>-lesioned rat SN and the observed beneficial effects of CNTF was abolished by treatment with CNTF receptor neutralizing antibody. It is therefore likely that CNTF can exert its effect via CNTFRα on microglia, which rescues dopamine neurons in the SN of MPP<SUP>+</SUP>-lesioned rats and ameliorates amphetamine-induced rotations. Immunohistochemical analysis revealed also a significantly increased expression of CNTFRα on microglia in the SN from human Parkinson’s disease patients compared with age-matched controls, indicating that these findings may have relevance to the disease. These data suggest that CNTF originated from TRPV1 activated astrocytes may be beneficial to treat neurodegenerative disease associated with neuro-inflammation such as Parkinson’s disease.</P>
( Baek Gyu Jun ),( Young Don Kim ),( Gab Jin Cheon ),( Jeong-ju Yoo ),( Sang Gyune Kim ),( Young Seok Kim ),( Soung Won Jeong ),( Jae Young Jang ),( Ji Hye Lee ),( Hong Soo Kim ),( Sae Hwan Lee ) 대한간학회 2018 춘·추계 학술대회 (KASL) Vol.2018 No.1
Aims: It remains uncertain whether antiviral treatment improve surivival in hepatitis B virus (HBV)-hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients receiving palliative therapy. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the role of antiviral therapy in HBV-HCC patients after diagnosis of HCC. Methods: This retrospective study analyzed 113 HBV-HCC patients who underwent transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) in two university hospital. Overall survival (OS) was compared in patients treated with/without antiviral treatment after diagnosis of HCC. Subgroup analysis and Cox regression analysis were performed to determine the efficiency of antiviral treatment and prognostic factors for OS. Results: OS was not different between the patients treated with antiviral treatment (n = 67) and the patients who received no antiviral treatment (n = 46) (P=0.103). Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer (BCLC) was independent prognostic factors for OS of HBV-related HCC patients who were treated with TACE. By subgroup analysis, antiviral therapy achieved better survival improvement in BCLC stage B and C (P<0.001) but had no survival improvement in BCLC stage 0 and A (P=0.605). Antiviral therapy was one of the independent prognostic factors for patients with BCLC stage B and C (HR 0.230, 95% CI 0.094-0.565, P=0.001). Conclusions: Antiviral therapy did not improve survival of HBV-related HCC patients treated with TACE. However, antiviral therapy shows survival benefit only in BCLC stage B and C disease.
( Baek Gyu Jun ),( Sang Gyune Kim ),( Young Don Kim ),( Gab Jin Cheon ),( Jeong-ju Yoo ),( Young Seok Kim ),( Soung Won Jeong ),( Jae Young Jang ),( Sae Hwan Lee ),( Hong Soo Kim ),( Sang-wook Yi ) 대한간학회 2020 춘·추계 학술대회 (KASL) Vol.2020 No.1
Aims: Body mass index (BMI) is known to be associated with higher risk of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in the general population. However, the association between BMI and risk of HCC in patients with various liver disease is not well understood. Methods: We used data from National Health Insurance Service (NHIS) that provides compulsory health insurance coverage and national health screening for all citizens in the Republic of Korea. Hazard ratios (HRs) were calculated using Cox regression models to examine associations between body mass index (BMI) and risk of HCC. We included 15016551 adults (aged 18-99 years) who underwent health examinations between 2003 and 2006, in the NHIS database. Participants were classified into six groups according to the liver diseases; liver cirrhosis (LC), hepatitis B or C virus infection (HBVHCV), other liver disease (O-LD), unidentified liver disease with alanine aminotransferase (ALT) ≥40 or aspartate aminotransferase (AST) ≥40 (ALT40), no known liver diseases with 20≤ALT<40 or 20≤AST<40 IU/ml (ALT2040), and ALT<20 and AST<20 (ALT20). Results: During mean 13.7 years of follow-up. HCC occurred in 71570 individuals. In total population, BMI had a non-linear association with HCC. In BMI above 25 kg/m², BMI was positively associated with risk of HCC regardless of liver disorder. In the multivariable adjusted analysis, the HR per 5 kg/m² increase in BMI above 25 kg/m² was 1.48 (95% CI 1.44-1.52) in total population, 1.11 (95% CI 1.00-1.23) in LC, 1.12 (95% CI 1.44-1.52) in HBVHCV, 1.32 (95% CI 1.22-1.44) in O-LD, 1.07 (95% CI 1.03-1.12) in ALT40, 1.47 (95% CI 1.38-1.57) in ALT2040, 1.67 (95% CI 1.32-2.09) in ALT20. In the subgroup analysis for the HCC high-risk group, the HR of HCC (95% CI) for a 5 kg/m2 increase in BMI was 1.21 in HBV-LC (1.01-1.46), 1.13 in other LC (1.08-1.19) and 1.15 in HBV without LC (1.04- 1.27), 1.14 in HCV without LC (0.92 -1.40) and 1.05 in HCV-LC (0.64-1.74). Associations between BMI and risk of HCC in HBV (HR; 1.46 vs 1.05), HCV (HR; 1.30 vs 0.92) and LC (HR; 1.28 vs 1.02) patients were stronger in female than in male. Conclusions: Our study showed that BMI was positively associated with risk of HCC regardless of liver disorder in BMI above 25 kg/m². As the severity of liver disease weakened, the association between increased BMI and HCC became stronger. Inpatients with HBV, HCV, and LC, the harmful effects of higher BMI on HCC risk was stronger in women than in men.
Baek, Il-Jin,Cho, Won-Ju Elsevier 2018 Solid-state electronics Vol.140 No.-
<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>We developed a hybrid organic-inorganic resistive random access memory (ReRAM) device that uses a solution-process to overcome the disadvantages of organic and inorganic materials for flexible memory applications. The drawbacks of organic and inorganic materials are a poor electrical characteristics and a lack of flexibility, respectively. We fabricated a hybrid organic-inorganic switching layer of ReRAM by blending HfO<I> <SUB>x</SUB> </I> or AlO<I> <SUB>x</SUB> </I> solution with PMMA solution and investigated the resistive switching behaviour in Ti/PMMA/Pt, Ti/PMMA-HfO<I> <SUB>x</SUB> </I>/Pt and Ti/PMMA-AlO<I> <SUB>x</SUB> </I>/Pt structures. It is found that PMMA-HfO<I> <SUB>x</SUB> </I> or PMMA-AlO<I> <SUB>x</SUB> </I> hybrid switching layer has a larger memory window, more stable durability and retention characteristics, and a better set/reset voltage distribution than PMMA layer. Further, it is confirmed that the flexibility of the PMMA-HfO<I> <SUB>x</SUB> </I> and PMMA-AlO<I> <SUB>x</SUB> </I> blended films was almost similar to that of the organic PMMA film. Thus, the solution-processed organic-inorganic blended films are considered a promising material for a non-volatile memory device on a flexible or wearable electronic system.</P>
( Won-mook Choi ),( Jonggi Choi ),( Danbi Lee ),( Ju Hyun Shim ),( Young-suk Lim ),( Han Chu Lee ),( Young-hwa Chung ),( Young-sang Lee ),( Sook Ryun Park ),( Min-hee Ryu ),( Baek-yeol Ryoo ),( So Jun 대한간학회 2020 춘·추계 학술대회 (KASL) Vol.2020 No.1
Aims: Regorafenib and nivolumab are drugs approved for second-line treatment of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) after sorafenib failure. However, the effectiveness of regorafenib and nivolumab following sorafenib has not been directly compared. Methods: This study retrospectively evaluated 373 patients with HCC who were treated with regorafenib (n=223) or nivolumab (n=150) after sorafenib failure between July 2017 and February 2019. Results: Progression-free survival (PFS; hazard ratio [HR], 0.85; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.69-1.06; P=0.150), time to progression (TTP; HR, 0.95; 95% CI, 0.77-1.19; P=0.680), and overall survival (OS; HR, 0.83; 95% CI, 0.64-1.07; P=0.154) did not differ significantly between groups of patients treated with regorafenib and nivolumab, findings consistently observed by multivariable-adjusted, propensity score-matched, and inverse probability treatment weighting (IPTW) analyses. However, the objective response rate was significantly higher in the nivolumab than in the regorafenib group (13.3% vs, 4.0%; P=0.002). When the effectiveness of regorafenib and nivolumab was compared in non-progressors to treatment, defined as patients who achieved complete response, partial response, or stable disease after first response evaluation, PFS (HR, 0.50; 95% CI, 0.33-0.75; P=0.001), TTP (HR, 0.48; 95% CI, 0.31-0.73; P<0.001), and OS (HR, 0.51; 95% CI, 0.31-0.87; P=0.013) were significantly longer in the 59 non-progressors to nivolumab than in the 104 non-progressors to regorafenib, findings also observed by multivariable-adjusted and IPTW analyses. Conclusions: Survival outcomes in patients treated with regorafenib and nivolumab after sorafenib failure did not differ significantly. However, nivolumab may be more effective than regorafenib in non-progressors.
Baek-Ju Lee(이백주),Dong-Won Seo(서동원),Jae-Wook Choi(최재욱) 대한전자공학회 2021 대한전자공학회 학술대회 Vol.2021 No.6
In this study, silicon nitride thin films deposited in space division plasma-enhanced atomic-layer deposition were studied in detail. The defect density and impurity concentration of the silicon nitride thin films have a great influence on reading and writing information; therefore, it was confirmed how these parameters change according to process conditions. Plasma treatment was performed to improve the density and impurities of the silicon nitride thin films, and it was analyzed how plasma treatment affects the defect density and impurity concentration of silicon nitride.