Effect of Photoperiod, Temperature and True-leaf Stage in Bolting Rate of Chicory (Cichorium intybus L. var. sativus)

Lim,Jung-Dae,Seo,Jeong-Sik,Lee,Hyeon-Yong,Kim,Jong-Dai,Lee,Jin-Ha,Yu,Chang-Yeon 한국자원식물학회 2004 Plant Resources Vol.7 No.1

Root chicory (Cichorium intybus L. var. sativus) is potential alternative medicinal and sugar crop which accumulates a high amount of linear polyfructan, inulin in its roots. A problem in root production is that over-wintered stock plants often flower. Once the plant becomes reproductive, stem elongation and root growth slows and floral buds arise from every node, rendering the plants useless for propagation. The objectives of this research was to examine the effectiveness of manipulating environmental factors containing photoperiod, temperature and number of leaf states. The experiment was performed in growth chamber to create two photoperiods (8 h, and 16 h) with three temperature regimes (5℃/3℃, 10℃/8℃, and 15℃/13℃ day/night temperature) for a total of six treatments on three type of true-leaf stage of plant. Data of bolting rate, shoot and root length, shoot and fresh weight was invetigated in each treatments. This is the first report on changes in bolting rate and shoots and roots production during a whole growing season and differences in the effect of cold and photoperiod treatment depending on the true-leaf stage of plant.

Improved Micropropagation of Root Chicory, Cichorium intybus L. var. sativus.

Lim,Jung-Dae,Yang,Deok-Chun,Lee,Hyeon-Yong,Kim,Jong-Dai,Lee,Jin-Ha,Sung,Eun-Soo,Yu Chang-Yeon 한국자원식물학회 2004 Plant Resources Vol.7 No.1

The establishment of an efficient protocol for plant regeneration and micropropagation from leaf explant cultures of Chicory, Cichorium intybus L. var. sativus. is reported. Callus formation rate appeared 100% from explant in all growth regulators, but calli formed in the prensence of naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA) were appeared very compact and non-embryogenic state. The regenerated shoots were obtained from leaf explant cultures on solid MS medium containing different concentrations of cytokinins and auxin. The highest number of shoots (5.7) per explant and shoot growth (2.8cm) was obtained on MS medium containing 0.1 mg BAP L^-1 and 0.1 mg NAA L^-1. Indole acetic acid was the most suitable auxin for root formation among three auxins tested. 2,4-D had no effect on shoot and root formation.

콩기름의 가열시간별 유과의 품질 특성

임영희(Young-Hee Lim),이현유(Hyun-Yu Lee),장명숙(Myung-Sook Jang) 한국식품영양과학회 1993 한국식품영양과학회지 Vol.22 No.2

가열시간에 따른 튀김유와 튀김횟수에 따라 제조한 유과의 품질에 미치는 영향을 조사하였다. 가열 16시간까지 튀김유의 산가와 과산화물가는 각각 0.08에서 0.23, 0.8에서 1.78까지 완만하게 증가하였으나 유과제품의 품질에는 큰 영향을 주지 않았다. 튀김유와 유과의 지방산조성변화는 가열시간이 경과함에 따라 불포화지방산인 oleic acid와 linoleic acid가 감소한 반면 포화지방산인 palmitic acid는 증가하였다. 가열시간에 따른 유과와 콩기름의 색깔변화는 콩기름에서 특히 현 저하여 심한 갈변현상을 보인 반면 유과제품에서는 큰 차이를 보이지 않았으며, 관능검사 결과 가열시간이 증가함에 따라 전반적인 기호도는 저하하였지만 유의적인 차이는 보이지 않았다. The effect of soybean oil on frying time and number of frying treatment on quality of Yu-kwa (Korean traditional rice cookie) were examined. As the frying time increased, acid value and POV were increased from 0.08 to 0.23 and 1.78, respectively. But the quality of Yu-kwa was not influenced by the frying time. And as the. frying time increased, unsaturated fatty acid (oleic and linoleic acid) was decreased, while saturated fatty acid (palmitic acid) was increased. The color was drastically changed on frying oil which showed a dark brown color, but there was no difference in Yu-kwa. As the frying time increased, acceptability was decreased on sensory evaluation, but significant difference among samples tested within significant level 5% was not revealed.

급식환경 개선이 환자식 만족도에 미치는 영향 : 사례 연구 중심으로 Focused on Case Studies

이승림,장유경 대한지역사회영양학회 2003 대한지역사회영양학회지 Vol.8 No.4

The purpose of this study was to assess how the changes in the food services environment on patients satisfaction with the hospital food service. Statistical data analyses were completed using the SPSS 11.0 program. The results can be summarized as follows: The flow line and environment of the food services in the hospital were improved through remodeling, which included the replacement of all cooking utensils, ventilation facilities and material storages, the purchase of a combi steamer, and the change of meal carts and trays. After the remodeling, the hospital food service was improved so that it provided spoons at each meal, diversified the menu utilizing the combi steamer, served event meals three times a week as well as water boiled with burned rice in the morning twice a week. In addition, various types of tableware were used in the table settings to produce attractive visual effects. Among the 10 items included on the patient satisfaction questionnaire, "satisfaction with offered menus" (p<0.01) showed significantly higher scores before the remodeling. "cooking/seasoning of food", "amount of meals" and "taste of meals" were not statistically significant, but showed increased satisfaction after the remodeling. However "temperature of food", "cleanliness of clothes and features" and "satisfaction with meal times" were not statistically significant, but showed decreased satisfaction after the remodeling.

데이터 연관 필터를 이용한 자율이동로봇의 환경지도 작성

임종환,이유철,강철웅 제주대학교 공과대학 첨단기술연구소 2005 尖端技術硏究所論文集 Vol.16 No.2

This paper describes a method of building the probability grid map for an autonomous mobile robot using the ultrasonic DAF(data association filter). The DAF, which evaluates the association of each datum with the rest and removes the data affected by the specular reflection effect, can improve the reliability of the data for the probability grid map. This method is based on the evaluation of possibility that the acquired data are all from the same object. Namely, the data from specular reflection have very few possibilities of detecting the same object, so that they are excluded from the data cluster during the process of the DAF. Therefore, the uncertain data corrupted by the specular reflection and/or multi-path effect, are not used to update the probability map, and hence building a good quality of a grid map is possible even in a specular environment. In order to verify the effectiveness of the DAF, it was applied to the Bayesian model and the orientation probability model which are the typical ones of a grid map. We demonstrate the experimental results using an real mobile robot in a real world.

온도변화가 교정용 니켈-티타늄 호선의 상-변태에 주는 영향

이유현,임범순,이용근,김철위 大韓齒科器材學會 2003 대한치과재료학회지 Vol.30 No.2

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the change of phase transformation and mechanical properties of orthodontic Ni-Ti wire by temperatures changes (0 ℃, 20 ℃, 37 ℃ and 60 ℃) using three-point bending tests and to investigate the phase transformation behavior by microstructure analysis and X-ray diffraction in greater detail. The transition temperature range (TTR) of orthodontic Ni-Ti wires was analysed by DSC for the reference of proportion of martensite to austenite matrix. From this study the following results were obtained. In SM group, as the temperature decreased to 20 ℃ and 0 ℃, superelasticity loop showing at 37 ℃ in load-deflection curve disappeared and the critical load of stress induced martensite transformation decreased (p<0.01). In SE group, the load increased as the temperature increased as the temperature increased under certain temperature (p<0.01). From the microscope, the proportion of stripe-shaped martensite plate to austenite matrix was higher in NEO, active martensite alloy, than OPTI, the active austenite alloy. The (002) peak indicating martensite phase clearly appeared when the temperature decreased to -20 ℃ in NEO from the X-ray diffraction spectra. This study indicated that mechanical properties of orthodontic Ni-Ti wires were substantially affected by temperature and we could expect the biological response in periodontal ligament by load fluctuation of wires tied in bracket induced by temperature variation.

인체 췌장암세포주(Capan-1)의 증식에 미치는 amiloride의 억제효과

임대관,김신,김유리,노지훈,이지현,김지연,박무인,정근옥,박건영,구자영 고신대학교 의학부 2004 高神大學校 醫學部 論文集 Vol.19 No.1

Background/Aims Cytoplasmic alkalinization induced by activation of the Na+/H+anti porter which is stimulated upon the addition of growth-promoting agents, such as insulin, epidermal growth factor, phorbol ester, plays an essential role in the initiation on cell proliferation. In the present study the effects of amiloride, a specific and reversible inhibitor of Na+/H+antiporter, on the growth of human pancreatic carcinoma cell line, Capan-1 cells was examined and the effects of 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) were also studied. Cell cycle analysis was done to examine the mechanisms for the inhibitory effects of amiloride. Materials/Methods The growth of Capan-1 cells were examined by counting cell number on two and four days treatment with 1 μM, 5 μM, 10 μM, 20 μM, 40 μM, 80 μM, 160 μM amiloride, and 0.1 ㎍/㎖, 0.3 ㎍/㎖ 5-FU, after plating Capan-1 cells into 35-mm2 plastic dishes at d density of 10x104 cells/dish. The reversibility of the effects of amiloride was examined on two day to eight days treatment with 20 μM amiloride after seeding 2×104 cells/dish. Cell cycle analysis was done on the sells after four days treatment with 20 μM amiloride. Results Amiloride significantly inhibited the growth of Capan-1 cells in a dose-dependent fashion (p<0.05). The inhibitary effect of amiloride on the growth of Capan -1 cells was firstly shown at the concentration of 5 μM, which is not so higher than the concentration of 0.1-0.2 μM attainable by administration of usual dose of amiloride (5-10㎎). Forty-eight percent inhibition of growth was found at an amiloride concentration of 20μM after 4 days treatment, and ninety-three percent inhibition of growth was found at an amiloride concentration of 160μM after 4 days treatment. The inhibitory effect of amiloride on growth of Capan-1 cells was reversible since removal of amiloride by a media change after 48 hours treatment lead to significantly more growth than amiloride treated group (p<0.05). The reversibility of growth inhibition suggests that amiloride in not a non-specific cytotoxin for Capan-1 cells. Amiloride combined with 5-FU significantly inhibited the growth of Capan-1 cells in a dose-dependent fashion compared to an amiloride or a 5-FU alone (p<0.05). After four days treatment with 20 μM amiloride, the faction of cells in G0-G1 phase, S phase and G2-M phase was 47.3%, 35.8%, 16.9% respectively in the amiloride group (20 μM), and 44.3%, 37.1%, 18.6% in the control group. showing no significant differences between the two groups. Conclusions Amiloride significantly inhibited the growth of Capan-1 cells in a dose-dependent fashion, which was reversible. The reversibility of growth inhibition suggests that amiloride is not a non-specific cytotoxin for Capan-1 cells. The concentration of 5 μM, which is not so higher than the concentration of 0.1-0.2 μM attainable by administration of usual dose of amiloride (5-10㎎), which suggests amiloride or its analogues may be used alone or in conjunction with 5-FU for the treatment of pancreatic carcinoma. Further study is needed to clarify the effects of more potent analogues of amiloride on the growth of human pancreatic carcinoma cells.

직원 급식서비스의 질 향상 사례 연구 : 잔반 줄이기 중심으로 Focused on Food Waste Reducing

이승림,장유경 대한영양사협회 2004 대한영양사협회 학술지 Vol.10 No.1

The objective of this study is to analyze the effects of the food waste reducing campaign on food service. For this purpose, the author analyzed the quantity of food waste before and after the Quality Improvement(QI) activity and investigated employees' satisfaction with food service. Statistical data analyses were completed using the SPSS 11.0 program. The results can be summarized as follows : The number of employees who used the food service was 374.29±25.120 before QI and 332.89±27.274 after QI, so it decreased significantly after QI. The daily quantity of waste food was 39.52±3.060kg before QI and 19.58±4.825kg after QI, so it decreased significantly after QI. The quantity of waste food per person was 105.84±8.907g before QI and 59.07±15.125g after QI, so it decreased significantly after QI. Among 7 items related to employees' satisfaction, the taste of food was 3.30±0.890 before QI and 3.51±0.665 after QI, so it improved significantly after QI. No significant difference was found in the variety of menus, saltiness, temperature and compatibility of side dishes and tableware hygiene but employees appeared to be more satisfied with these items after QI. Employees' satisfaction with kindnes/appearance did not show a significant difference but employees appeared to be less satisfied with it after QI.

외상 환자에서 의식소실 유무와 외상후 스트레스 장애의 유병율, 증상 양상, 우울 및 불안에 관한 연구

이유진,연규월,우행원,김영철,임원정 大韓神經精神醫學會 2002 신경정신의학 Vol.41 No.4

연구목적 : 본 연구에서는 의식 소실 유무에 따른 외상후 스트레스 장애 유병율 및 증상, 우울, 불안 증상을 알아보기 위해 외상을 당한 환자를 의식 소실이 있었던 환자군과 의식 소실이 없었던 환자군으로 구분하여 두 집단의 외상후 스트레스 장애의 유병율, 증상 및 불안 정도를 비교해보고자 하였다. 방 법 : 사고를 당하고 1달 이상 경과한 환자 120명(남자 69명, 여자 51명)을 대상으로 하였다. 대상군을 의식 소실 유무에 따라 소실군과 비소실군으로 구분하고 사회인구학적 변수, 사고 당시 의식 소실의 유무, 의식 소실 시간, 사고의 종류, 사고에 대한 기억, 사고의 심각도, 손상 심각도 점수(Injury Severity Score)를 조사하여비교하였다. 또한 외상후 스트레스 장애 척도(Clinician Adminstered PTSD Scale), Beck의 우울증 척도(Beck Depression Inventory), 상태 특성 불안처도- Ⅰ, Ⅱ(State Trait Anxiety Inventory- Ⅰ, Ⅱ)를 이용하여 조사하여 두 군 사이의 외상후 스트레스 장애유병율 및 증상, 우울, 불안 정도를 비교하였다. 결 과 : 통 연구 대상자 120명중 의식 소실이 있었던 환자군(소실군)은 56명(46.7%)이었고 의식 소실이 없었던 환자군(비소실군)은 64명(53.3%)이었다. 총 대상자 120명중 30명(25%)이 외상후 스트레스 장애로 진단되었으며 소실군 56명중 17명(30.4%)이 비소실군 64명중 13명(20.3%0이 각각 외상후 스트레스 장애로 진단되었으나 두 군간의 차이는 통계적으로 유의하지 않았다(x^2=1.607, P>0.05). 외상후 스트레스 장애 증상 척도에서는 소실군에서 사고에 대한 기억 상실, 흥미 상실, 이탈, 감정 둔마, 수면자애, 예민함, 집중력 감소 증상의 빈도가 유의하게 높았다(P<0.05). 비소실군에서느 반복적인 회상과 놀람 반응 빈도가 유의하게 높았다(p<0.05). Beck의 우울증 척도 점수는 소실군에서 38.8±8.8, 비소실군에서 31.0±7.9로 의식 소실을 보고한 환자군의 점수가 유의하게 높았으며(t=-3.16, 0<0.05) 상태 특성 불안 척도-I, II는 소실군에서 각각 44.5±3.3, 44.6±3.9, 비소실군에서 각각 42.9±3.0, 42.3±3.4로 소실군의 점수가 유의하게 높았다(t=-2.75, p<0.05, t=-3.38, p<0.05). 결 론 : 사고 당시 의식 소실이 없었던 환자군과 비교하여 외상후 스트레스장애가 비슷한 빈도로 진단되며 의식 소실이 외상후 스트레스 장애의 발생에 유의한 영향을 미침은 물론 불안 및 우울에도 유의한 영향을 미친다고 할 수 있다. Objectives :This study investigated PTSD prevalence, symptoms, depressed mood and anxiety, comparing two groups of the patients in trauma ; one who had experienced the loss of consciousness(group "A" here after) and the other group of patients who had not(group "B" here after). Method : subjects were 120 patients(age18-66) who had received trauma(traffic accident, fall down) more than 1 month. Before they consisted of 56 patients who had experienced the loss of the consciousness(46.7%) and 64 who had not(53.3%). Men were 69 and women were 51. Clinician administered PTSD Scale, Beck Depression Inventory, State Trait Anxiety Inventory-I, II were administered. The factors such as sociodemographic variables, unconsciousness at the time of trauma, memory about tranmatic accidents were considered. Result : Out of 120 subjects, 30 patients(25%) were diagnosed as PTSD : 17 from 56(30.4%) and 13 from 64(20.3%) were found in the group "A" and "B" respectively. Prevalence of PTSD was higher in the group "A" showed significant difference between two groups(x^2=1.607,p>0.05). The CAPS of group "A" showed significantly high frequency in the loss of interest, detachment, restricted affect, sleep difficulty, irritability/anger. concentration difficulty(p<0.05), while the group "B" scored high in intrusive recall and increased startle. The scores of BDI, STAI-I, II were significantly higher in the group "A"(t=-3.16, p<0.05)(t=-2.75, p<0.05, t=-3.38, p<0.05). Conclusion : PTSD was mre frequent and depressed mood and anxiety appeared more often in the group qho experienced the loss of consciousness. Thus the loss of the consciousness at the time of trauma prones of the aevelopment PTSD and symptom of aepression and anxiety.

렌즈의 자동초점 구동을 위한 리니어 초음파 모터

김유민, 이한주, 오진헌, 임기조 충북대학교 컴퓨터정보통신연구소 2012 컴퓨터정보통신연구 Vol.20 No.1

In this paper, a novel type ultrasonic linear motor is proposed. The proposed motor consists of a ring type stator and a mover. They have spirals on their inner and outer surface, respectively. Along the spiral, a mover is travelled by a travelling extensional vibration mode of a ring type stator. Hence, a linear up-and-down motion is possible. Through the experimental results, we can verify the applicability regarding the autofocus lens driver. keywords : Ultrasonic linear motor, Autofocusing driver, ring type stator