플라즈마 표지소자의 제작

이상윤,라병욱,박동수,황인헌,이덕동,신영남,박성배,이동욱,박용석,박형근,손상호,권태근,채경락,정경득 慶北大學校 自然科學大學 1986 自然科學論文集 Vol.4 No.-

An Ac-type Plasma Display Panel (PDP) operating with Ne-Ar(0.1%) Penning mixture gas is fabicated. The characterics of the panel with electrodes covered with thin and thick dielectric layers are studied. The brightness of the Neon-orange light emitted by the panel measured as function of applied voltage and frequency. As an application, a graphic display system equipped with PDP showing still and moving pictures is made.

Gas-Liquid Chromatography를 이용한 사과 및 배 중의 농약 다성분 잔류분석법

박주황,김택겸,오창환,김정한,이영득,김장억 한국환경농학회 2004 한국환경농학회지 Vol.23 No.3

사과 및 배 시료에서 농약 다성분의 gas chromatography를 이용한 잔류분석법 확립을 위하여 199가지의 농약를 선정 하여 retention time 및 검출기에 따라 ECD 5 그룹 및 NPD 5 그룹의 10개 그룹으로 분류하였다. 시료의 종류에 따른 분석조건을 확립하기 위한 회수율 시험은 농약들의 log P_(ow) 값과 화학적 분류에 따라 총 18개 (ECD 11개, NPD 7개)의 농약을 선정하였다. 예비실험 후 확립된 분석방법에 따라 10개 그룹의 혼합 표준용액으로 사과 및 배에 대한 회수율시험을 행하였다. 그 결과, 총 196가지의 농약의 70%에 해당하는 사과에서 136개, 배에서 133개의 농약들에서 회수율 70에서 120%의 양호한 결과를 나타내었다. 그러나 사과에서 43개, 배에서 45개의 농약들이 70% 미만의 회수율을 보였고, fenvalerate는 120% 이상의 회수율을 나타내었으며, 사과에서 17개 및 배에서 18개의 농약들은 검출이 되지 않았다. 그러나 확립된 분석법은 SOP에 의한 신속하고 수월한 수행으로 농산물 중의 잔류농약을 검출 및 모니터링하는 목적에 적합하다고 사료된다. A rapid analytical method was developed to determine multiple pesticide residues in apples and pears using gas-liquid chromatography (GLC). The samples were extracted with water-miscible solvents and purified by cleanup procedures serially comprising liquid-liquid partition and solid-phase extraction (SPE). Each analyte was separated and determined by a high-resolution GLC equipped with electron-capture detector (ECD) and nitrogen-phosphorous detector (NPD). A total of 196 pesticides, which were previously classified into 5 groups each for ECD and NPD based on their retention behaviors on the capillary column and responses to the detector, were subjected to the recovery experiment. In compliance with the analytical criteria, 70 to 120% of recovery and less than 20% relative standard deviation, the proposed method could be successfully applied to analyze 136 and 133 pesticide residues in apples and pears, respectively, which enabled not only rapid screening but quantitation of the residues. Even though less reliability was resulted from unacceptable recovery range, rest of pesticides including 43 and 45 analytes in apples and pears, could be also detected for their identity. The proposed method, failed to cover 17 and 18 pesticides for apples and pears, which mostly showed high polarity or heat-lability but, could be suitable for fast surveilance or monitoring of fruit harvests.

구두의 굽높이가 발의 쾌적감에 미치는 영향(Ⅱ) : 구속압을 중심으로 On the pressure to the Shoed foot

朴永得,金孝垠 啓明大學校 生活科學硏究所 1988 科學論集 Vol.14 No.-

This paper deals with the mutual relationships among the pressures to the shoed foot and in both foot within a new shoe and foot within a fifty-hour-used shoe at the standing posture at three different heel-heights. 1) The pressures to the shoed foot at three different heel-heights is very significant at the level of 0.1%. The heal-heights cause pressure at different parts of foot; the 2nd and 3rd toe points in a 3㎝-heel shoe, and the 1st, 4th and 5th toe points in a 7㎝-heel shoe are more pressured than any other parts of foot. 2) The pressure to the shoed foot caused by heel-heights either within a new shoe or within a fifty-hour-used shoe is significant at the level of 5%, 1% and 0.1%. Girth measurment, length measurement and big-toe angle are more influenced than any other measurements in a new shoe and within fifty-hour-used shoe at three different heel-heights. Height measurement is influenced only by heel-heights, and width measurement is influenced; by a new shoe and a fifty-hour-used shoe; the higher the heel-height is, the more increased the the instep-height is and the narrower the shoe width is, which causes much fatigue when compared with bare foot. Therefore, problems concerned with instep height increasement will be a little solved if foot length, joint girth basic measurements, and foot width are careffully applied for a shoe-making.

간호사의 근골격계질환 증상유병정도 및 관련요인

박종,강명근,이영선,강성득,김철호 朝鮮大學校 附設 醫學硏究所 2003 The Medical Journal of Chosun University Vol.28 No.2

Objectives : The purpose of this study were to identify musculoskeletal symptom among nurses in a hospital and to explore its related factors . Methods : A self-administered questionnaire survey including work condition and presence of musculoskeletal symptom was made toward 190 nurses at a university hospital. Results : The prevalence of musculoskeletal symptom was calculated as 20.4% at neck, 27.7% at shoulder, 15.7% at arm or hand and 29.3% at leg. By multiple logistic regression, the prevalence of musculoskeletal symptom was 3.57 times (95% CI : 1.53 - 8.35) higher among persons with general illness symptom than persons without symptom, 2.99 times (95% CI : 1.22-7.36) higher among persons with psycho-rieuro subjective symptom than without symptom, 3.48 times (95% CI : 1.46 - 8.27) higher among irregular menstruation period than regular period. The subjective symptom prevalence at the shoulder was 2.24 times (95% CI : 1.06 - 4.71) among persons with past history of certain chronic diseases than without the history. The prevalence at the upper arm was 4.60 times (95 % CI : 1.24 - 17.08) higher among persons drinking two cups of coffee a day and 9. 92 times (95 % CI : 2.28 - 34.91) higher than persons who drank a cup of coffee a day or less. The prevalence of backache was 3.18 times (95 % CI : 1.10 - 11.01) higher among 30-34 year old group than group less than 25 years old persons. The prevalence of subjective symptom at leg showed 3.93 times (95% CI : 1.44 - 10.71) higher among persons with irregular menstruation period than regular period. Conclusion : Many nurses under study had musculoskeletal symptom and the symptom was related with complicated combination of general characteristics, subjective symptom at other site, occupational characteristics and characteristics related with diseases, by various site of the system. Therefore appropriate intervention programs are needed ot be developed to prevent musculoskeletal illness among nurses.

머위 잎 색소의 염색견뢰도

박영득 한국의류산업학회 2002 한국의류산업학회지 Vol.4 No.4

The purse of this study was to invesigate the dyeing fastness on extract of bufferbur leaf princeps. The experimental items were divided into the mordant treatment, component of fabric and kind of mordants. The experimental study was done by laundering, abrasion (dry/wet), perspiration (acid/alkali), light, iron fastness test and color difference by C.C.M system. The summerized finding resulted from experiments and investigation are suggested as follows : In the C.C.M test on mordanting method and kind of fabric, color difference of silk was three times higher than cotton. The silk fabric was the highest in simultaneous mordant treatment but cotton fabric was the highest in none mordant. In color difference analysis on 6 mordants, that of silk and cotton was significantly improved when mordants was treatmented. Especially color difference of Fe and Cu mordanting treatment was higher than Cr, Sn, Al and none. In dyeing fastness on mordants laundering, perspiration, abrasion and iron fastness showed 4-5 grade but light-fastness showed 1-3 grade.

動作適合性에 따른 Slacks Pattern 설계에 관한 연구 (PartⅢ)

박영득 啓明專門大學 産業開發硏究所 2000 啓明硏究論叢 Vol.18 No.2

선행연구(Part Ⅰ, Part Ⅱ)에서 동작적합성이 우수하다고 분석된 두 연구 slacks pattern을 중심으로 하지동작에 따른 의복압 Test. 관능검사 및 착의형태변화 실험을 한 결과 다음과 같은 결론을 얻었다. 1. 두 연구 pattern에서 의복압 측정치로서 동작기능성을 비교한 결과 거의 모든 측정부위에서 연구 pattern 1(R.P.1)이 연구패턴 2(R.P.2)보다 낮은수치를 나타내었다. 2. 관능검사법을 실시하여 관능인자득점을 통하여 기능성을 비교한 결과 타보정 pattern보다는 연구패턴에서 관능인자득점이 높았으며 두 연구 pattern 사이에서는 거의 유사한 수치를 나타내었다. 3. Slacks 착용시 형태변형에 따른 실험에서 R.P.1이 R.P.2에 비해 형태변형률이 훨씬 적게 나타났다. 따라서 이들 전반적인 실험을 종합해보면 연구 pattern 1이 연구 pattern 2의 설계 방법보다 동작적합성에 따른 기능성이 훨씬 우수한 pattern으로 분석되었다. The purpose of this study was to investigate the slacks pattern making on the movement-fitness of the research pattern. The experimental items were divided into the 5 lower limb movement (M1-M5) and 2 research pattern construction of slacks. This study was done by clothing pressure test, sensory evaluation test and the difference shape-transformation of wearing-slacks. The summarized finding resulted from experiments and investigation are suggested as follows: First, the clothing pressure score of research pattern 1 was lower than research pattern 2. Second, the functional factor score of two research pattern was nearly similar. Third, the ratio of shape-transformation of research pattern 1 was higher than research pattern 2.

팔라듐 담지 촉매에 의한 메탄의 연소반응

박남국,신재순,김덕중,최영현,김영철 全南大學校 觸媒硏究所 1997 觸媒硏究 論文集 Vol.19 No.-

Catalytic oxidation of methane was studied in a fixed bed flow reactor. Supported Pd and La promoted Pd catalysts were prepared by incipient wetness impregnation method. Up to 0.5wt.% of Pd, the catalytic activity was increased with Pd loading. However, the activity did not change above that loading. 0.1wt.% La added Pd catalysts showed increased catalytic activities due to increased methane and oxygen adsorption. La addition proved to increase the dispersion, thus increases thermal stability of the catalysts. However, when the loading of La exceeds 1.0wt.%. methane oxidation activity was decreased. presumably due to the pore and Pd blocking by added La.

강릉시 5세 아동의 "조기 유아기 우식증" 관련 추정요인의 기술 역학적 연구

박진아,마득상,박덕영,박호원,이광수 大韓小兒齒科學會 2002 大韓小兒齒科學會誌 Vol.29 No.2

본 연구에서는 조기 유아기 우식증의 위험 인자를 규명하고 일치된 조기 유아기 우식증의 정의를 수립하는데 기초연구로서 층화집락추출법으로 선출된 강릉시 만 5세 유치원 아동들의 보호자 364명을 대상으로 이들 아동들의 조기 유아기 우식증과 관련된 형식·식이요인, 태아기나 출생기의 상태에 대한 설문조사연구를 시행한 결과 다음과 같은 결론을 얻었다. 1. 조사대상의 4분의 3이상(76.1%)의 아동이 생후 12개월 이후까지 연장된 수유를 하였으나 수면과 연관된 부적절한 수유의 빈도는 21.3%로 낮게 나타났다. 2. 대부분 보호자들(91.3%)이 이가 날 때부터 이를 닦아 주어야 한다는 사실을 알고있었음에도 불구하고, 맹출 직후 이를 닦기 시작한 경우는 35.1%에 지나지 않고 특히 2세 이후에야 이닦기를 시작하는 경우가 약 40%이상으로 조사되었다. 3. 현재 하루 칫솔질 회수가 1회 이상이 90%이상으로 매우 높게 나타났으나 5명 중 3명의 아동(61.4%)이 보호자의 도움없이 혼자 이를 닦는 것으로 나타났으며, 간식섭취 빈도는 하루 1-3회가 약 60%, 수시로 섭취하는 대상이 약 40%를 차지하여 비교적 높은 것으로 밝혀졌다(x^2-test, p<.05 or Fisher's exact test, p>.05). 4. 대부분(87%)의 첫 치과방문시기가 3세 이상인 경우로 나타나, 조기 유아기 우식증 예방에 대한 관심이 필요할 것으로 생각되었으나, 5세 아동의 예방적 치과방문 경험이 비교적 높을 것(40.2%)으로 보아 강릉지역 보호자의 구강건강에 대한 높은 의식수준을 반영한다고 볼 수 있다. 5. 보호자의 구강환경관리상태와 아동의 일일 평균 칫솔질 회수, 예방적 치과방문, 최초 치과 방문 시기와의 상관관계 및 지역별, 공사립 유치원별 및 남녀별 차이는 통계학적으로 유의하지 않았다(x^2-test, p>.05 or Fisher's exact test, p>.05). The purpose of this study was to get descriptive statistics of the contributing factors for early childhood caries and to predict the relationship of dietary, behavior factors and health status factors of the mother and child at pregnancy and after birth. 411 first caregivers of 5-year-old children in 12 kindergartens in Kangnung city were selected by stratified random cluster sampling. They were asked to fill out questionnaires and 364 of them responded The obtained results were as follow: 1. Over the three-Fourth of children used nursing bottle of had breast feeding habit beyond the age of 1 year. 2. 8.7% of respondents didn't recognize the necessity of the preventive measures immediate after eruption of primary tooth, and only 35.1% replied that they had begun tooth cleaning. 3. Over 90% of children brush the teeth more than once per day. But over half (61.4%) of them brush their teeth without parents instruction. Sixty percent of children eat between the meals as often as 1-3 time(s) a day and the remainder at any times. 4. The first time of dental visit was for most children (87%) at over 3 years, recommending the earlier dental visit. Notwithstanding the rate of routine dental visit experience was relatively high(40.2%), implicating positive parents' attitude about oral health at Kangnung area. 5. The relationships between oral health state of the parents and the variables such as the timing of the first tooth cleaning the frequency of brushing, the time of first dental visit, and the reason of first dental visit were not statistically significant. Together, there was no statistically significant difference between rural and urban area, private and public kindergarten, and boy and girl(x^2-test, p>.05 or Fisher's exact test, p>.05).

Chlorpyrifos 및 Chlorothalonil의 사과 생산단계별 잔류특성

김영숙,박주황,박종우,이영득,이규승,김장억 한국환경농학회 2003 한국환경농학회지 Vol.22 No.2

사과의 생산단계에서의 잔류허용기준 설정과 최종 소비단계에서의 안전성 평가자료로 활용하기 위하여 사과에 많이 살포되는 살충제 chlorpyrifos 및 살균제 chlorothalonil의 사과 재배기간 중 생물학적 반감기, 보관방법에 따른 잔류량 변화 그리고 부위별 잔류량 분포를 조사하였다. 사과 재배단계에서의 생물학적반감기는 chlorpyrifos 살포 후 15일, chlorothalonil 살포 후 30일까지의 잔류량 변화를 조사한 결과 chlorpyrifos 9.3일, chlorothalonil 32.2일로 나타났다. 사과의 유통과정중에서 일어날 수 있는 두 약제의 잔류량 변화는 실온저장시 chlorpyrifos 35일, chlorothalonil 56.3일이었고, 냉장 저장시에는 chlorpyrifos 120.7일, chlorothalonil 182.2일의 반감기를 나타내었다. 사과의 부의별 잔류량을 조사한 결과 chlorpyrifos의 경우 움푹 파인 부위의 과피 77.1%, 나머지 과피 22.8%, 과육 부위에서는 0.1%로 나타났고, chlorothalonil의 경우 움푹 파인 부위의 과피 85.2%, 나머지 과피 10.4%, 과육 부위에서 4.4%로 나타났다. 사과 중 두 약제의 잔류량은 대부분인 95~99%과 과피에 잔류하는 것으로 나타났다. An organophosphorus insecticide, chlorpyrifos and an arylnitrile fungicide, chlorothalonil commonly used for apple were subjected to a residual investigation under field conditions to ensure safety of terminal residues at harvest. After pesticides were applied at standard rate in apple tree for 15 days for chlorpyrifos and 30 days for chlorothalonil, persistence of their residues in apple was investigated by several interval. At harvest, residual concentrations of chlorpyrifos and chlorothalonil in apple were 1.3 and 2.4 ㎎/㎏, respectively, and the residue levels were higher than MRL, 1.0 ㎎/㎏ in Korea. As well fitted by the first -oder kinetics, biological half-lives of the pesticide residues in apple were 9.3 days for chlorpyrifos and 32.2 days for chlorothalonil. During the storage, half-lives of chlorpyrifos and chlorothalonil were 35.0 and 56.3 days at room temperature, and 120.7 and 182.8 days at 4℃, respectively. Distribution of chlorpyrifos residue in flesh, fruit skin and stalk cavity of each apple corresponded to 0.1% 22.8% and 77.1% respectively. In case of chlorothalonil, residue in flesh, fruit skin and stalk cavity was 4.4%, 10.4% and 85.2%, respectively.

제2형 당뇨병 남성 환자에서 유리 테스토스테론과 성호르몬 결합 글로블린 농도

남기덕,김영설,박철영,오승준,김덕윤,우정택,김성운,양인명,김진우,최영길 대한당뇨병학회 2002 Diabetes and Metabolism Journal Vol.24 No.6

연구배경:인슐린저항성은 제2형 당뇨병과 심혈관질환의 주요한 위험 인자로 성호르몬과 상호 관계가 있다고 알려져 있다. 그러나 여성과는 달리 남성에서는 연령과 인슐린저항성에 따른 유리 테스토스테론과 성호르몬 결합 글로블린 농도의 변화에 대한 연구가 부족한 실정이다. 그러므로, 본 저자등은 제2형 당뇨병 남성 환자에서 정산인과 비교해서 유리 테스토스테론과 성호르몬 결합 글로블린 농도를 측정하고 연령에 따른 변화 정도를 알아보고자 하였다. 방법:대상 환자 모두에서 연령과 체질량지수, 총 콜레스테롤, 중성지방, 공복혈당과 인슐린 농도를 측정하였다. 혈중 유리 테스토스테론 농도는 방사면역측정법(radioimmunoassay)을 이용해서 측정하였고, 혈중 성호르몬 결합글로불린은 면역방사계측측정법(immunoradiometric assay)을 이용해서 측정하였다(Diagnostic System Laoratories, Wbster, TX, USA). 결과:1)제2형 당뇨병 남성 환자에서 정상 대조군 남성에 비해 성호르몬 결합글로불린은 104.1±35.0 vs 25.7±3.5 mole×10??로 의미 있게 높았으나(p<0.001), 유리 테스토스테론은 13.7±9.5 vs 13.6±6.5 ng/dL로 차이가 없었다. 2)연령과 성호르몬 결합 글로블린 사이의 상관 계수는 제2형 당뇨병 남성 환자에서 0.40로 중등고의 양의 상관 관계를 보였고(p<0.001), 정상 대조군 남성에서 0.11로 유의한 상관 관계를 보이지 않았다. 연령과 유리 테스토스테론 사이의 상관 계수는 제2형 당뇨병 남성 환자에서 0.08, 정상 대조군 남성에서-0.17로 모두에서 유의한 상관 관계를 보이지 않았다. 3)연령과 체질량지수를 보정한 후에 제2형 당뇨병 남성 환자와 정상 대조군 남성에서 혈중 인슐린 농도, 유리 테스토스테론과 성호르몬 결합 글로블린 사이에는 상관 관계가 없었다. 결론:제2형 당뇨병 남성 환자에서 정상 남성에 비해 성호르몬 결합 글로블린 농도가 증가되어 있었으며, 유리 테스토스테론은 차이가 없었다. 연령이 증가함에 따라 성호르몬 결합 글로블린이 제2형 당뇨병 남성 환자에서 정상 남성에 비해 증가 폭이 의미있게 컸으며, 유리 테스토스테론은 변화가 없었다. Background: Insulin resistance is a risk factor for cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes mellitus. There are many previous studies indicating that insulin lowers serum sex hormone-binding globulin levels, and there is inverse correlation between insulin resistance and serum sex hormone-binding globulin levels in women. However, in men, a limited number of studies are available to explain the effect of sex hormone on age and insulin. Therefore, the present study was undertaken to investigate the relationship among free testosterone, hormone-binding globulin and age in type 2 diabetic men and control subjects. Method: Age, body mass index, total cholesterol, triglyceride, fasting blood sugar, and insulin concentrations were examined on 89 type 2 diabetic men and 47 control subjects. The free testosterone level was measured by commercially available double-antibody system (Radioimmunoassay). The sex hormone-binding globulin level was also measured by commercially available double-antibody system(Immunoradiometric assay). Results: 1) Sex hormone-binding globulin level was significantly increased in patients with type 2 diabetes. However, there was no significantly difference in free testosterone level between the two groups. 2) Sex hormone-binding globulin was positively correlated with age (r=0.4, p <0.001) in patients with type 2 diabetes. Sex hormone-binding globulin and free testosterone were not correlated with age in control sujects. 3) Free testosterone and sex hormone-binding globulin concentrations were not significantly related to serum insulin concentration after adjusting for age and body mass index. Conclusions: We observed increased sex hormone-binding globulin concentration in diabetes man, and was a positively related to age. Further studies are needed to understand the relationships between age, insulin resistance, testosterone, and sex hormone-binding globulin concentrations(J Kor Diabetes Asso 24:699~707,2000).