Comparative proteomic analysis of proteins expression changes in the mammary tissue of cows infected with Escherichia coli mastitis

Xiao-wei Zhao,Yong-xin Yang,Dong-wei Huang,Guang-long Cheng,Hui-ling Zhao 대한수의학회 2015 Journal of Veterinary Science Vol.16 No.3

Cows infected with Escherichia (E.) coli usually experience severe clinical symptoms, including damage to mammary tissues, reduced milkyield, and altered milk composition. In order to investigate the host response to E. coli infection and discover novel markers for mastitistreatment, mammary tissue samples were collected from healthy cows and bovines with naturally occurring severe E. coli mastitis. Changesof mammary tissue proteins were examined using two-dimensional gel electrophoresis and label-free proteomic approaches. A total of 95differentially expressed proteins were identified. Of these, 56 proteins were categorized according to molecular function, cellular component,and biological processes. The most frequent biological processes influenced by the proteins were response to stress, transport, andestablishment of localization. Furthermore, a network analysis of the proteins with altered expression in mammary tissues demonstrated thatthese factors are predominantly involved with binding and structural molecule activities. Vimentin and -enolase were central “functionalhubs” in the network. Based on results from the present study, disease-induced alterations of protein expression in mammary glands andpotential markers for the effective treatment of E. coli mastitis were identified. These data have also helped elucidate defense mechanismsthat protect the mammary glands and promote the pathogenesis of E. coli mastitis.

공익광고 스토리 유형에 따른 메타포 콘텐츠 심층구조에 관한 연구 -중국 춘절 공익광고를 분석중심으로-

조효룡(Zhao, Xiao Long),장몽기(Zhang, Meng Qi) 한국디자인문화학회 2020 한국디자인문화학회지 Vol.26 No.4

춘절은 중국의 전통문화를 대표하는 명절이며, 춘절에 관한 민속은 지역마다 조금 차이성이 보이지만 새해에 대한 축복과 기대는 예전부터 지역 차별이 없이 지속해왔다, 또한, 춘절 기간에 TV 방송으로 다양한 공익광고를 방송하게 되며, 방송된 공익광고는 춘절을 중심으로 내포적인 메타포 콘텐츠를 전달하고 있는 실태이다. 이에 따라 본 연구에서는 대중들이 춘절 공익광고에 포함된 메타포 콘텐츠를 이해하는 사고방식을 파악하는 데 목적이 있고, 이를 검토하기 위하여 연구자는 춘절 관련된 공익광고를 대상으로 사례조사를 진행하였고, 본 연구에 타당한 연구사례를 선정하여 공익광고의 스토리 유형을 구분하였으며, 공익광고를 유형별로 ZMET기법을 이용하여 메타포 키워드를 도출하여 최종적으로 파불라 구조를 통해 메타포 키워드로 스토리를 재구성하였다. 그 결과, 공익광고의 유형별로 메타포 콘텐츠를 이해하는 파블라 구조상 차이성이 보이며, 일관형 스토리는 연결단계에서 병행한 요소를 중요시하고, 수평적인 사고방식으로 메타포 콘텐츠를 이해하는 경향을 보였으며, 반복형 스토리와 연결형 스토리에서는 병행단위보다 수직적인 연결단계로 메타포 콘텐츠를 해석하는 결론을 도출하였다. The Spring Festival is a festival that represents the traditional culture of China. Although The folk customs of the Spring Festival is slightly different from one region to another, the blessings and expectations for the new year continue without regional discrimination. In addition, during the Spring Festival, various Public Service Advertisements are broadcasted on TV, which delivers connotative metaphoric contents centered around the Spring Festival. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to determine the way of thinking for the general public to understand the metaphoric content embodied in the Spring Festival Public Service Advertisements. For this purpose, the researchers conducted a case study on Public Service Advertisements related to the Spring Festival, and selected case studies appropriate for the research to distinguish the story types of Public Service Advertisements and applied the ZMET method to derive metaphoric keywords. Eeventually the story was reconstructed with the Metaphorical keyword through fabula rescue. As a result, there was a difference in the fabula rescue when understanding the metaphoric content per type of Public Service Advertisements. In conclusion, the parallel factors were emphasized and horizontal way of thinking was employed to understand the metaphoric content in the connectivity phase of the consistent stories. In contrast, metaphoric contents were interpreted as vertical, rather than as a parallelism unit, in the connectivity phase of repetitive stories and connection stories.

Heavy concrete shielding properties for carbon therapy

Jin-Long Wang,Jiade J Lu,Da-Jun Ding,Wen-Hua Jiang,Ya-Dong Li,Rui Qiu,Hui Zhang,Xiao-Zhong Wang,Huo-Sheng Ruan,Yan-Bing Teng,Xiao-Guang Wu,Yun Zheng,Zi-Hao Zhao,Kai-Zhong Liao,Huan-Cheng Mai,Xiao-Dong Korean Nuclear Society 2023 Nuclear Engineering and Technology Vol.55 No.6

As medical facilities are usually built at urban areas, special concrete aggregates and evaluation methods are needed to optimize the design of concrete walls by balancing density, thickness, material composition, cost, and other factors. Carbon treatment rooms require a high radiation shielding requirement, as the neutron yield from carbon therapy is much higher than the neutron yield of protons. In this case study, the maximum carbon energy is 430 MeV/u and the maximum current is 0.27 nA from a hybrid particle therapy system. Hospital or facility construction should consider this requirement to design a special heavy concrete. In this work, magnetite is adopted as the major aggregate. Density is determined mainly by the major aggregate content of magnetite, and a heavy concrete test block was constructed for structural tests. The compressive strength is 35.7 MPa. The density ranges from 3.65 g/cm³ to 4.14 g/cm³, and the iron mass content ranges from 53.78% to 60.38% from the 12 cored sample measurements. It was found that there is a linear relationship between density and iron content, and mixing impurities should be the major reason leading to the nonuniform element and density distribution. The effect of this nonuniformity on radiation shielding properties for a carbon treatment room is investigated by three groups of Monte Carlo simulations. Higher density dominates to reduce shielding thickness. However, a higher content of high-Z elements will weaken the shielding strength, especially at a lower dose rate threshold and vice versa. The weakened side effect of a high iron content on the shielding property is obvious at 2.5 µSv=h. Therefore, we should not blindly pursue high Z content in engineering. If the thickness is constrained to 2 m, then the density can be reduced to 3.3 g/cm³, which will save cost by reducing the magnetite composition with 50.44% iron content. If a higher density of 3.9 g/cm³ with 57.65% iron content is selected for construction, then the thickness of the wall can be reduced to 174.2 cm, which will save space for equipment installation.

국내 메이커 스페이스 운영사 홈페이지 주목도 분석에 관한 기초연구 -대학소속 메이커 스페이스를 사례중심으로-

조효룡(Zhao, Xiao Long),서승연(Suh, Seung Yeon),최진희(Choi, Jin Hee),김희균(Kim, Hee Gyun) 한국디자인문화학회 2020 한국디자인문화학회지 Vol.26 No.4

한국의 메이커 운동은 2015년 창조경제 민관협의에서 수립하였던 메이커 운동 활성화 방안을 시작하여 최근 정부 지원으로 발전해 나가고 있다. 또한, 일반인 중에서도 창의력을 담고 있는 젊은 층과 미래 창업 진출 가능한 대학 졸업예정자는 메이커 스페이스 발전의 잠재적인 요인으로 판단되어서 연구자는 관련 정부 정책을 파악하고 대학에서 운영한 메이커 스페이스 홈페이지를 대상으로 사용자가 홈페이지를 통해 집중적으로 전달 받을 수 있는 콘텐츠 파악을 목적으로 연구를 진행하였다. 연구사례를 산출하기 위하여 연구자는 중소벤처기업부 메이커사업 사이트와 메이크올 사이트를 이용하여 분포밀도 측면에서 대표성이 있는 지역과 대학을 산출하였으며, 산출된 대학의 메이커 스페이스 홈페이지의 운영상황을 파악하여 최종연구사례를 선정하고, Feng-GUI 분석프로그램을 이용하여 주목도 분석을 진행하였다. 그 결과, 대학 운영 메이커 스페이스의 홈페이지에서 콘텐츠는 이용안내, 교육&체험 프로그램, 운영기관, 제작&기자재, 아이디어, 일시, 제품, SNS, 기타로 구분할 수 있고, 문자와 이미지 두 가지 형식으로 표현하며, 교육&체험 프로그램과 제작&기자재에 관련된 콘텐츠를 집중적으로 주목하는 경향이 보였다. Started from the Movement activation plan in year 2015 established by the Public-Private Consultation, the Maker Movement in Korea is recently developing with government support funding. Moreover, because creative young generation and prospective university graduates with the potential of business establishment in the future are determined as potential factors for Maker Space development, the researcher investigated relevant government policies and conducted a research on the Korean Maker Space web-site operated by universities for the purpose of the web-site is to understand the contents that users receive intensively. In order to calculate the research case, the researcher used Maker Support Project web-site of ‘the Ministry of SMEs and Startups’ and the ‘Make All’ web-site to select representative regions and universities in terms of distribution density, selected final research case by understanding the website operational status of those universities’ Maker Space homepage, and used Feng-GUI analysis program to analyze the rate of attention. The results showed that contents which attracted most attention from the web-site were categorized into ‘Use information’, ‘Education & Experience program’, ‘Operating institutions’ ‘Production & Equipment’, ‘Idea’, ‘Date & Time’, ‘Product’, ‘SNS’, etc;, the contents were expressed in two types which were text and image, and showed a tendency of mainly delivering the education and experience programs and the contents related to production and materials.

In-pile tritium release behavior and the post-irradiation experiments of Li4SiO4 fabricated by melting process

Zhao Linjie,Yang Mao,Xiao Chengjian,Gong Yu,Ran Guangming,Chen Xiaojun,Li Jiamao,Yue Lei,Chen Chao,Hou Jingwei,Wang Heyi,Long Xinggui,Peng Shuming 한국원자력학회 2024 Nuclear Engineering and Technology Vol.56 No.1

Understanding the tritium release and retention behavior of candidate tritium breeder materials is crucial for breeder blanket design. Recently, a melt spraying process was developed to prepare Li4SiO4 pebbles, which were subsequently subjected to the in-pile tritium production and extraction platform in China Mianyang Research Reactor (CMRR) to investigate their in-situ tritium release behavior and irradiation performance. The results demonstrate that HT is the main tritium release form, and adding hydrogen to the purge gas reduces tritium retention while increasing the HT percent in the purge gas. Post-irradiation experiments reveal that the irradiated pebbles darken in color and their grains swell, but the mechanical properties remain largely unchanged. It is concluded that the tritium residence time of Li4SiO4 made by melt spraying method at 467 ◦C is approximately 23.34 h. High-density Li4SiO4 pebbles exhibit tritium release at relatively low temperatures (<600 ◦C) that is mainly controlled by bulk diffusion. The diffusion coefficient at 525 ◦C and 550 ◦C is 1.19 × 10 11 cm2/s and 5.34 × 10 11 cm2/s, respectively, with corresponding tritium residence times of 21.3 hours and 4.7 hours.

Three-dimensional Network Structure of Conductive Composites by Hybrid Conductive Fillers of Silver/graphene

Xiao Min Zhang,Kun-yan Wang,Guo Zhao,Qi Long Li,Bin Wang 한국섬유공학회 2019 Fibers and polymers Vol.20 No.6

In order to explore new generations of interconnecting materials in electronic packaging industries, silvernanoparticles (Ag NPS) and graphene nanosheets (GNS) were introduced into matrix resin to prepare conductive composites. The electrical and mechanical of above electrically conductive adhesives (ECAs) were investigated and characterized. It wasfound that the ECAs can be solidified through a chemical sintering in the air at 150 oC for 30 min. The results indicated thatthe percolation threshold of resistivity reaches 3.5×10-4 Ω·cm for ECAs filled with 65 wt.% Ag NPS, 0.5 wt.% GNS and theshear strength reaches 10.8 MPa, suggesting excellent electric conductivity and bonding strength.

Effects of a Compound Extract from Agrimonia pilosa Ledeb, Grifola umbellata (pers.) Pilat, and Gambogia on Human Gastric Carcinoma MGC-803 Cells

Li Zhao,Xiao-Nan Zhang,Hong-Yan Gu,Jia Wang,Lei Tao,Rong Mu,Qing-Long Guo 한국식품과학회 2009 Food Science and Biotechnology Vol.18 No.1

Three traditional Chinese medicines, Agrimonia pilosa Ledeb, Grifola umbellata (pers.) Pilat, and Gambogia, are combined to form a compound extract, AGC. In this study, the in vitro and in vivo inhibitory effects of AGC on human gastric carcinoma MGC-803 cells were demonstrated, and the molecular mechanisms underlying these effects are investigated. Our results indicate that AGC inhibited MGC-803 cell growth in a dose-dependent manner as measured by a 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay, with an IC?? of about 6.045±0.69 ㎍/㎖. In vivo, AGC inhibited growth of human gastric carcinoma in xenograft tumors in nude mice, and the inhibitory rate reached 55.2% at 300 ㎎/㎏. The pro-apoptotic activity of AGC was attributed to its ability to decrease the expression of Bcl-2 and Pro-caspase3 and increase the expression of Bax. These results demonstrate that AGC can effectively induce programmed cell death and may be a promising anti-tumor drug in human gastric carcinoma.

Sodium tanshinone IIA sulfonate attenuates angiotensin II-induced collagen type I expression in cardiac fibroblasts in vitro

Le Yang,Xiao-Jing Zou,Xiang Gao,Hao Chen,Jin-Long Luo,Zhao-Hua Wang,Qian-Sheng Liang,Guang-Tian Yang 생화학분자생물학회 2009 Experimental and molecular medicine Vol.41 No.7

Cardiac fibrosis occurs after pathological stimuli to the cardiovascular system. One of the most important factors that contribute to cardiac fibrosis is angiotensin II (Ang II). Accumulating studies have suggested that reactive oxygen species (ROS) plays an important role in cardiac fibrosis and sodium tanshinone IIA sulfonate (STS) possesses antioxidant action. We therefore examined whether STS depresses Ang II-induced collagen type I expression in cardiac fibroblasts. In this study, Ang II significantly enhanced collagen type I expression and collagen synthesis. Meanwhile, Ang II depressed matrix metalloproteinase- 1 (MMP-1) expression and activity. These responses were attenuated by STS. Furthermore, STS depressed the intracellular generation of ROS, NADPH oxidase activity and subunit p47phox expression. In addition, N-acetylcysteine the ROS scavenger, depressed effects of Ang II in a manner similar to STS. In conclusion, the current studies demonstrate that anti-fibrotic effects of STS are mediated by interfering with the modulation of ROS. Cardiac fibrosis occurs after pathological stimuli to the cardiovascular system. One of the most important factors that contribute to cardiac fibrosis is angiotensin II (Ang II). Accumulating studies have suggested that reactive oxygen species (ROS) plays an important role in cardiac fibrosis and sodium tanshinone IIA sulfonate (STS) possesses antioxidant action. We therefore examined whether STS depresses Ang II-induced collagen type I expression in cardiac fibroblasts. In this study, Ang II significantly enhanced collagen type I expression and collagen synthesis. Meanwhile, Ang II depressed matrix metalloproteinase- 1 (MMP-1) expression and activity. These responses were attenuated by STS. Furthermore, STS depressed the intracellular generation of ROS, NADPH oxidase activity and subunit p47phox expression. In addition, N-acetylcysteine the ROS scavenger, depressed effects of Ang II in a manner similar to STS. In conclusion, the current studies demonstrate that anti-fibrotic effects of STS are mediated by interfering with the modulation of ROS.

Overexpression of Chalcone Isomerase (CHI) Increases Resistance Against Phytophthora sojae in Soybean

Jin-ming Zhao;Han Xing,Yang Zhou; Jian-li Huang; Xiao-li Zhang; Long-ming Zhu; Xin-fang Wang 한국식물학회 2018 Journal of Plant Biology Vol.61 No.5

Chalcone isomerase (CHI) is a key enzyme ofthe flavonoid pathway that plays crucial roles in plant responsesto various pathogens. Our previous study using comparativetranscriptome analysis of soybean inoculated with or withoutPhytophthora sojae revealed Glyma.20G241500, a homologof CHI1A in Arabidopsis thaliana, to be induced by P.sojaein soybean. In the present study, we isolated the gene fromsoybean cultivar Nannong 10-1, designating it GmCHI1A. GmCHI1A transcripts were detected in soybean roots, stemsand leaves, with the highest levels in roots. Interestingly,GmCHI1A localizes to the cortical endoplasmic reticulum(ER). GmCHI1A was overexpressed in hairy roots to furtheruncover the roles of CHIs in soybean. Compared to emptyvector-expressing hairy roots (EV) infected with P. sojae,hairy roots overexpressing GmCHI1A (OE) exhibited decreasedP. sojae biomass accumulation, shortened the lesion lengthsand reduced zoospores germination. These results demonstratethat GmCHI1A plays positive roles in the response ofsoybean to P. sojae.

Effects of Ohmic Area Etching on Buffer Breakdown Voltage of AlGaN/GaN HEMT

Chong Wang,Xiao-Xiao Wel,Meng-Di Zhao,Yun-Long He,Xue-Feng Zheng,Wei Mao,Xiao-Hua Ma,Jin-Cheng Zhang,Yue Hao 한국전기전자재료학회 2017 Transactions on Electrical and Electronic Material Vol.18 No.3

This study is on how ohmic area etching affects the buffer breakdown voltage of AlGaN/GaN HEMT. The surfacemorphology of the ohmic metal can be improved by whole etching on the ohmic area. The buffer breakdown voltagesof the samples with whole etching on the ohmic area were improved by the suppression of the metal spikes formedunder the ohmic contact regions during high-temperature annealing. The samples with selective etching on theohmic area were investigated for comparison. In addition, the buffer leakage currents were measured on the differentradii of the wafer, and the uniformity of the buffer leakage currents on the wafer were investigated by PL mappingmeasurement.