Review of fNIRS Development Research

Lei Tao,Su Jianjiao 아시아건강운동학회 2022 Journal of Asian Society for Health & Exercise Vol.4 No.1

PURPOSE : Based on the launch of the Brain Project, the influence of exercise on brain plasticity has received more and more attention from scholars, and more and more studies have been done on the brain through neuroimaging techniques. Based on this, this paper presents the current development of functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) and its future progress to provide a theoretical basis for the subsequent research. METHODS : As a non-invasive means of detecting brain function, fNIRS is safer and more convenient than other detection methods. It can monitor the changes of hemodynamics in each region of the brain in real time, thus reflecting the state of brain function in each region of the brain. In recent years, fNIRS has been mainly applied to clinical diagnosis and motor rehabilitation treatment testing for neurological diseases (AD, DNT, PD, etc.), psychiatric diseases (MMD, BD, BD, etc.), and pediatric diseases (CP, ASD, ADHD, etc.). There are also studies conducted by scholars in the area of physical activity. RESULTS : Studies have shown that exercise improves the cognitive function of patients and therefore can serve as a complementary tool to pharmacological treatment. However, studies on the mechanisms of exercise intensity, exercise modality, and exercise duration remain unclear. CONCLUSIONS : In conclusion, the study concluded that fNIRS can be combined with virtual technology, physical exercise, and education for diagnosis and treatment of brain function disorders, providing theoretical support for the pathogenesis of brain function and intervention treatment.

Inducible Nitric Oxide Synthase Expression and Luteal Cell DNA Fragmentation of Porcine Cyclic Corpora Lutea

Tao, Yong,Fu, Zhuo,Xia, Guoliang,Lei, Lei,Chen, Xiufen,Yang, Jie Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2005 Animal Bioscience Vol.18 No.5

Nitric oxide (NO) derived from inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) is involved in cell apoptosis, which contributes to luteal regression and luteolysis in some species. In large domestic animals, no direct evidence for the relationship between NO and cell apoptosis in the process of corpus luteum regression is reported. The present study was conducted to investigate the localization of iNOS on porcine corpora lutea (CL) during the oestrus cycle and its relation to cell DNA fragmentation and CL regression. According to morphology, four luteal phases throughout the estrous cycle were defined as CL1, CL2, CL3 and CL4. By isoform-specific antibody against iNOS, the immunochemial staining was determined. Luteal cell DNA fragmentation was determined by flow cytometry. The results showed that no positive staining for iNOS was in CL1 and that iNOS was produced but limited to the periphery of CL2, while in the CL3, the spreading immunochemical staining was found inside the CL. No iNOS positive staining was detected in CL4. Meanwhile, DNA fragmentation increased dramatically when CL developed from CL2 to CL3 (p<0.05). In CL4, higher proportion of luteal cells still had fragmented DNA than that of luteal cells from CL1 or CL2 (p<0.05). These results indicate that iNOS expression is closely related to luteal cell apoptosis and then to luteal regression.

Clinical Risk Factor Analysis for Breast Cancer: 568,000 Subjects Undergoing Breast Cancer Screening in Beijing, 2009

Pan, Lei,Han, Li-Li,Tao, Li-Xin,Zhou, Tao,Li, Xia,Gao, Qi,Wu, Li-Juan,Luo, Yan-Xia,Ding, Hui,Guo, Xiu-Hua Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2013 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.14 No.9

Objectives: Although there are many reports about the risk of breast cancer, few have reported clinical factors including history of breast-related or other diseases that affect the prevalence of breast cancer. This study explores these risk factors for breast cancer cases reported in Beijing in 2009. Materials and Methods: Data were derived from a Beijing breast cancer screening performed in 2009, of 568,000 women, from 16 districts of Beijing, all aged between 40 and 60 years. In this study, multilevel statistical modeling was used to identify clinical factors that affect the prevalence of breast cancer and to provide more reliable evidence for clinical diagnostics by using screening data. Results and Conclusion: Those women who had organ transplants, compared with those with none, were associated with breast cancer with an odds ratio (OR)=65.352 [95% confidence interval (CI): 8.488-503.165] and those with solid breast mass compared with none had OR=1.384 (95% CI: 1.022-1.873). Malignant tendency was strongly associated with increased risk of breast cancer, OR=207.999(95% CI: 151.950-284.721). The risk of breast cancer increased with age, $OR_1$=2.759 (95% CI: 1.837-4.144, 56-60 vs. 40-45), $OR_2$=2.047 (95% CI: 1.394-3.077, 51-55 vs. 40-45), $OR_3$=1.668 (95% CI: 1.145-2.431). Normal results of B ultrasonic examination show a lower risk among participants, OR= 0.136 (95% CI: 0.085-0.218). Those women with ductal papilloma compared with none were associated with breast cancer, OR=6.524 (95% CI: 1.871-22.746). Therefore, this study suggests that clinical doctors should pay attention to these high-risk factors.

개발자의 관점에서 서비스 디자인에서의 모듈화에 관한 기초 연구

고뢰도 ( Gao Lei Tao ),조광수 ( Cho Kwang Soo ) 한국기초조형학회 2023 한국기초조형학회 학술발표논문집 Vol.2023 No.2

Laparoscopic left hepatectomy in swine: a safe and feasible technique

Hua Zhang,Tao Liu,Yue Wang,Hai-feng Liu,Jian-tao Zhang,Yan-shuang Wu,Lei Lei,Hong-bin Wang 대한수의학회 2014 JOURNAL OF VETERINARY SCIENCE Vol.15 No.3

A purely laparoscopic four-port approach was created forleft hepatectomy in pigs. A polyethylene loop was placed onthe left two hepatic lobes for traction and lift. Next,penetrating ligation of the lobes using of a double row of silksutures was performed to control bleeding. A direct hepatictransection was completed using a monopolar hook electrodewithout meticulous dissection of the left hepatic vein. Theraw surface of the liver was coagulated and sealed with fibringlue. Lobes were retrieved through an enlarged portal. Laparoscopic hepatic lobectomy was completed in all pigswithout the use of specialized instruments and with a meanoperative time of 179 ± 9 min. No significant perioperativecomplications were observed. The average weight of eachresected lobe was 180 ± 51 g. Complete blood count as well asserum organics and enzyme levels normalized after about 2weeks. During necropsy, adhesion of the hepatic raw surfaceto the gastric wall and omentum were observed. No otherabnormalities were identified. This minimally invasive lefthepatectomy technique in swine could serve as a usefulmodel for investigating liver diseases and regeneration, andoffer preclinical information to improve hepatobiliary surgical procedures.

Numerical Analysis on Structural Behaviors of Concrete Filled Steel Tube Reinforced Concrete (CFSTRC) Columns Subjected To 3-side Fire

Lei Xu,Ming-Tao Wang,Yan-Hong Bao,Wen-Da Wang 한국강구조학회 2017 International Journal of Steel Structures Vol.17 No.4

The structural behaviors of concrete filled steel tube reinforced concrete (CFSTRC) columns, which were exposed to a 3- side fire were discussed by using the non-linear finite element analysis (FEA) software ABAQUS. Details of the temperature distribution, fire resistance, failure modes, redistribution of internal force, contact stress between the steel tube and the concrete (both inside and outside of the steel tube), and the development of stress and strain within the CFSTRC columns subjected to a 3-side fire were revealed. The factors that may have affected the fire resistance of the CFSTRC columns exposed to threeside fire were analyzed. Based on the above research, the present study observed uniaxial symmetry on the cross-sectional thermal distribution of the CFSTRC, wherein a significantly lower temperature on the unexposed side was observed as compared to the exposed side. The two side verges of the surface, which were not exposed to fire, exhibited the lowest temperature. Following the end of the heating, the maximum temperature difference reached about 1065oC. The large temperature difference would bring non-uniform thermal stress and strain, and accidental eccentricity. In addition, the existence of concrete inside and outside of the steel tube prevented the steel tube from occurring local buckling, and the failure modes of CFSTRC columns acted as overall bucking. Parameters such as the fire load ratio, sectional dimension, slenderness ratio, sectional core area ratio, and external concrete compression strength significantly influenced the fire resistance of the CFSTRC columns. Finally, a simplified calculating formula was proposed to calculate the fire resistance influence factors of the CFSTRC columns subjected to three-sid fire. The formula-calculated results were well in agreement with the finite element analysis results, thereby providing a simple and feasible method for evaluating the fire-resistance design of these types of components in practical engineering.

Efficacy and Safety of Endoscopic Resection Therapies for Rectal Carcinoid Tumors: A Meta-Analysis

Lei He,Tao Deng,He-Sheng Luo 연세대학교의과대학 2015 Yonsei medical journal Vol.56 No.1

Purpose: Several endoscopic resection therapies have been applied for the treatment of rectal carcinoid tumors. However, there is currently no consensus regarding the optimal strategy. We performed a meta-analysis to compare the efficacy and safety of endoscopic mucosal resection (EMR) or modified EMR (m-EMR) versus endoscopicsubmucosal dissection (ESD) for the treatment of rectal carcinoid tumors. Materials and Methods: PubMed, Web of Science, Medline, Embase and CNKI were searched up to the end of January 2014 in order to identify all studies on the effectsof EMR (or m-EMR) and ESD on rectal carcinoid tumors. Results: A total of fourteen studies involving 782 patients were included. The pooled data suggested a significantly higher rate of pathological complete resection among patients treated with ESD or m-EMR than those treated with EMR [odds ratio (OR)=0.42, 95% confidenceinterval (CI): 0.25‒0.71; OR=0.10, 95% CI: 0.03‒0.33, respectively], while there was no significant difference between the m-EMR group and ESD group (OR=1.19, 95% CI: 0.49‒2.86); The procedure time of ESD was longer than EMR or m-EMR groups [mean differences (MD)=-11.29, 95% CI: -14.19 ‒ -8.38, MD= -10.90, 95% CI: -18.69 ‒ -3.11, respectively], but it was insignificance between the EMR and m-EMR groups. No significant differences were detected among the treatmentgroups with regard to complications or recurrence. Conclusion: The results of this meta-analysis suggest that treatment of rectal carcinoid tumors with ESD or m-EMR is superior to EMR, and the efficacy of m-EMR is equivalence to ESD treatment. However, more well-designed studies are needed to confirm these findings.

A Combination Strategy for Construction of Peptide-β2m-H-2K^b Single Chain with Overlap Extension PCR and One-Step Cloning

( Tao Xu ),( Xiaoe Li ),( You Wu ),( Khawar Ali Shahzad ),( Wei Wang ),( Lei Zhang ),( Chuanlai Shen ) 한국미생물 · 생명공학회 2016 Journal of microbiology and biotechnology Vol.26 No.12

The time-consuming and high-cost preparation of soluble peptide-major histocompatibility complexes (pMHC) currently limits their wide uses in monitoring antigen-specific T cells. The single-chain trimer (SCT) of peptide-β2m-MHC class I heavy chain was developed as an alternative strategy, but its gene fusion is hindered in many cases owing to the incompatibility between the multiple restriction enzymes and the restriction endonuclease sites of plasmid vectors. In this study, overlap extension PCR and one-step cloning were adopted to overcome this restriction. The SCT gene of the OVA _257-264 peptide-(GS₄)₃-β2m-(GS₄)₄-H-2K^b heavy chain was constructed and inserted into plasmid pET28a by overlap extension PCR and one-step cloning, without the requirement of restriction enzymes. The SCT protein was expressed in Escherichia coli, and then purified and refolded. The resulting H-2K^b/OVA _257-264complex showed the correct structural conformation and capability to bind with OVA _257-264-specific Tcell receptor. The overlap extension PCR and one-step cloning ensure the construction of single-chain MHC class I molecules associated with random epitopes, and will facilitate the preparation of soluble pMHC multimers.

Design of a Modular Green Closed Internal Cooling Turning Tool for Applications

Tao Wu,Tianjian Li,Xiaohong Ding,Hong Chen,Lei Wang 한국정밀공학회 2018 International Journal of Precision Engineering and Vol.5 No.2

Green machining has been aggressively pursued in the manufacturing industry in recent years. Dry or clean cutting without the hazards of cooling liquid, and their abilities to monitor thermal impact on turning tools in real time have been very appealed to the manufacturing industries. In this study, a modular green closed internal cooling turning tool is presented, in which coolant channel is designed only between an insert and an adaptor. The insert is grouped with the adaptor and designed as a Plug-and-Play component in cooling circuit. Thermal-fluid-structural coupling analysis is employed to evaluate the effects of the internal cooling system with machining process constraints. The numerical simulation results demonstrate that the newly designed internal cooing turning tool could effectively decrease the tool temperature. Preliminary experiments have further proved the effectiveness of the modular green closed internal cooling turning tool system. The study has potentially great significance in improving tooling performance, as well as achieving environmental friendly, economical and sustainable machining.

Triphenylphosphine-Containing Thermo-Responsive Copolymers: Synthesis, Characterization and Catalysis Application

Tao Chen,Shuo Zhang,Laiyu Hua,Zhenkai Xu,Lei Zhou,Jiping Wang 한국고분자학회 2019 Macromolecular Research Vol.27 No.10

Triphenylphosphine-containing thermo-responsive copolymers of 4- (diphenylphosphino) styrene (DPPS), di(ethylene glycol) methyl ether methacrylate (DEGMA) and oligo(ethylene glycol) methyl ether methacrylate (average molecule weight is 300, OEGMA300) were synthesized by free-radical copolymerization using azodiisobutyronitrile (AIBN) as an initiator in solution polymerization. A series of copolymers P(DEGMA-co-DPPS-co-OEGMA300) with different lower critical solution temperature (LCST) were synthesized. The synthesized copolymers were well characterized by 1H NMR, 31P NMR and gel permeation chromatography (GPC). Based on the copolymers, a thermo-responsive and water soluble assembled catalyst of palladium acetate was developed. In the presence of the thermoresponsive copolymer-supported palladium catalyst, the Suzuki-Miyaura reaction proceeded efficiently in water. The catalyst was reused at least five cycles without obvious decrease in catalytic activity and can be easily recovered by heating/centrifugation of the polymer aqueous solution.