[논문]Operational Characteristics of CO2 Laser Adopted by Superposing-Discharge

Hee-Je Kim,Hyun-Ju Chung,Byoung-Dae Min,Jong-Han Joung,Sung- lun Park 釜山大學校生産技術硏究所 2003 生産技術硏究所論文集 Vol.62 No.-

오늘날 현저한 CO2 레이저의 응용 추세에 발맞추어 보다 다양한 형태의 출력 제어 기술이 대두되고 있다. 본연구에서는multi-Pulse Superposing-Discharge 기술을 이용하여 다양한형태의 CO2 레이저의 펄스를 성형 하였다. 펄스 성형을 위한 방법으로 PIC one-chip microprocessor를 이용하여 삼중 PFN 모률의 SCR을 각각 고유의 지연시간을 가지도록 제어하였다. 실험에 사용된 삼중 PFN 모률의 전원 회로는 각각 캐패시터 인덕터,SCR,고압 펄스 트랜스 그리고 고압 트랜스 2차측에 브릿지 정류기로 구성 하였다. 고압 펼스 트랜스의 1차측을 제어하므로서 PFN 모률의 동작을 저 전압에서 수행 할 수 있다. 트랜스의 2차측에 연결된 전파 정류기는 펄스 에너지를 부하에 지속적으로 전달한다. 본 연구에서는 삼중 PFN 모률의 각각의 SCR을 다른 시간 가격을 두고 트리거 하므로서 다양한 Long pulse shaping을 실현하였다. 또한 약 250-1000μs 의 주기를 가지는 다양한 펄스형 레이저 빔을 얻었다.

2003년 국내 중증급성호흡기증후군 진료 현황 및 문제점 분석

이진수,김은실,정문현,백제중,정선화,안주희,최영화,이선희,고철우,김성범,김민자,박승철,기현균,송재훈,최상호,김양수,이상오,조용균,박영훈,정숙인,김연숙,이흥범,손창희,장성희,정희진,김우주 대한감염학회 2004 감염과 화학요법 Vol.36 No.3

목적 : 2002년 말 중국에서 SARS가 발생한 이후 국내에서도 2003년 10월까지 총 3명의 추정환자, 17명의 의심환자가 보고되었다. 향후 추가적인 SARS의 유행이 우려되는 상황에서, 그간의 SARS 환자 진료에 있어서의 실질적인 준비사항, 진료 현황 등에 대한 조사를 통해 문제점을 파악하여, 향후 더 나은 대비가 될 수 있도록 개선점을 제시하고자 하였다. 재료 및 방법 : SARS로 의심되는 환자를 진료 경험이 있는 병원의료진을 대상으로 2003년 10월에 설문조사를 실시하였다. 설문에는 SARS 환자 진료 시의 실질적인 조치, 진료 현황, 병실, 응급실 및 외래에서의 격리 시설과 준비사항, 보건당국의 관리와 지원에 관한 사항을 포함하였다. 결과 : 대상이 되는 22개 병원 중 17개(17/22, 77.2%) 병원이 설문에 응하였다. SARS 환자를 위한 격리실은 응급실, 외래, 일반병실 및 중환자실에서 각각 9개(9/17, 52.9%), 5개(5/17, 29.4%), 15개(15/16, 93.7%), 4개(4/16, 25%) 병원에서 음압처리가 되어있지 않은 일인실 혹은 다인실이 사용되었고, 1개(1/16, 6.3%) 병원에서만 일반병실에서 음압격리실이 운영되었다. 입원환자의 진찰 시 개인보호구의 착용은 거의 모든 의료기관에서 이루어졌다. 보건당국에서 SARS지정병원의 시설 등을 사전에 확인한 곳은 1곳(1/12, 8.3%)이였고, 14개 병원(14/15, 93.3%)에서는 보건당국에 의뢰한 검사결과를 통하 받지 못하였다. 결론 : 의료기관에서 SARS 환자용 격리실뿐만 아니라 기존의 격리실 설비 등이 미흡하였으며, 특히 중환자실 및 외래의 준비가 더욱 부족하였다. 보건당국의 의료기관에 대한 종합적인 지원이 부족하였고, 병원과의 원활한 연계가 잘 이루어지지 않았다. SARS 만이 아닌 격리를 필요로 하는 질환의 적절한 진료를 위해 향후 병원 시설의 정비와 정부차원에서의 보다 구체적이고 실질적인 대책마련이 필요하다. Background : There was an worldwide outbreak of the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS) originated from China in late 2002. During that period three cases of suspected SARS and 17 cases of probable SARS were reported in Korea. With the concerns about the reemergence of SARS-coV transmission, it is important to be prepared for any possibility. So, this study is aimed to analysis the past measures in managing SARS and propose the amendatory plans to improve the preparedness. Materials & Methods : Questionnaires were collected among clinicians with any experience in managing the probable or suspected SARS cases in Oct. 2003. 17 out of 22 hospitals responded to the questionnaire. The contents in the questionnaire were practical activities, personal equipments, response plans, isolation facilities in emergency centers, outpatient clinics, general wards and intensive care units, and relationship with the public health department. Results : The dedicated isolation rooms in emergency centers, outpatient clinics, general wards, and intensive care units were prepared in 9 (9/17, 52.9%), 5 (5/17, 29.4%), 15 (15/16, 93.7%), and 4 (4/16, 25.0%) hospitals, respectively. Except for one hospital that newly made negative pressure room for SARS, single or multi-bed rooms without airborne infection control were used in all the other hospitals. The personal precaution principles were kept quite well in general wards. Before the designation of SARS hospital by the public health department prior evalution to see if the hospital was suitable for managing SARS was conducted in only 1 (1/12, 8.3%) hospital. The results of laboratory diagnosis were reported back in 1 (1/15, 6.6%) hospital. Conclusions : The isolation facilities which can control airborne infection were almost deficient not only for SARS but also for other respiratory transmissible diseases. For the infection control of transmissible diseases including SARS, more investment is needed on medical facilities and comprehensive support from the public health department required.

지구과학의 地震 학습을 위한 STS 프로그램의 개발

주국영,김종희,김상달 부산대학교 사범대학 과학교육연구소 1997 科學敎育硏究報 Vol.24 No.-

과학적 소양을 갖춘 시민 양성이 오늘날 과학교육의 중요한 목적 중의 하나임은 주지의 사실이다. 이를 위한 교육방법의 하나인 STS 교육은 우리나라에서도 그 중요성이 크게 인정되고 있는 형편이다. STS 교육을 활성화하기 위해서는 실제로 우리 나라의 교육 환경 하에서 활용할 수 있는 STS 프로그램, 진행을 위한 안내서 및 기본 자료의 개발이 필요하다. 본 연구에서는 이러한 점들을 고려하여, 학습자들이 교수-학습 활동의 중심이 되며 교사는 조력자로서의 역할을 하는 STS 수업의 실제 상황을 예시하고, 이 과정에서 적용한 교수-학습 방법과 활용한 자료들을 바탕으로 고등학교 지구과학의 지진 분야 학습을 위한 STS 프로그램을 개발하여 제시하여 지구과학 수업에서 STS 교육이 가능하도록 하는데 도움이 되고자 한다. It is a well known fact that it is a one of important objects of science education today to bring up citizens with scientific attainments. As a way to achieve the above object, STS's importance is being highly emphasized. To activate STS education, it is needed to develop STS programs, guide books and fundamental materials. Considering these sectors, this study shall present actual situations of STS education in which students are at the center of teaching and learning process and teachers are assistants. Based on teaching learning methods and material applied in the above process, this study shall help to enable STS in earth science by developing and presenting STS program for earthquake portion in high school earth science.

지류문화재의 보존처리

천주현,김성희 국립중앙박물관 2001 박물관보존과학 Vol.3 No.-

국립중앙박물관에서는 “고려·조선의 대외교류전”을 대비하여 고지도, 고서, 고문서 등의 지류문화재에 대하여 보존처리를 실시하였다. 일반적으로 지류문화재는 자연적인 노화 외에도 온·습도, 빛, 물리적 힘 등의 여러 가지 주변 환경에 민감하게 반응하게 된다. 온·습도 변화에 의한 수축과 팽창, 유물에 직접적으로 가해지는 곤충·곰팡이 등에 의한 생물학적 손상, 그리고 인위적으로 행해지는 물리적 힘에 의한 손상 등이 그 대표적인 예일 것이다. 이번에 보존처리를 실시한 유물들에서도 그러한 손상들을 쉽게 확인할 수 있었다. 따라서 고서, 고문서 등의 보존처리 과정에서 볼 수 있었던 손상상태와 그 보존처리 내용, 그리고 지류문화재의 손상방지를 위한 간단한 응급처리 내용을 소개하고자 한다. In National Museum of Korea, we recently preserved paper cultural assets, such as ancient maps, books and antique documents etc, to prepare “A Dynamic World of External Relations in Goryeo & Joseon Dynasty”. The paper cultural assets generally react sensitively to their environments; temperature, humidity, light and physical force acting. Biologic Biological damages, which are caused by microbe, contraction, swelling and damage from insects occurred. Wrinkles on relics, which are made my physical force, stains on relics which are due to moisture, weakening of adhesive strength and damages from insects were found during the recent preservation handling. Therefore we are trying to find out any damage, which could be occurred in paper cultural assets and introduce brief emergency operation to prevent the damages and develop the preservation handling.

토당귀 종자의 형태적 특성과 발아와 입모율에 대한 저장방법,생장조절제 및 프라이밍 처리 효과

안희정,안복주,·김도현,·안영섭,·김영국,박춘근,이상원,·박충범·차선우,·송범헌, 忠北大學校 農業科學硏究所 2015 農業科學硏究 Vol.31 No.1

This study was conducted to have basic and applied informations to establish the cultivation method and to improve the cultivation techniques of Angelica gigas Nakai through investigating the rates of germination and seedling establishment with treatment of plant growth regulator and seed priming. The germination rates of round shape seed were about 0.3~12% higher than those of parallel shape. The germination rates with different storage durations were increased at the level of 25oC and 4oC with the storage days, while they were clearly higher at -20oC compared to those at 4oC and 25oC without the storage durations. With the results of germination rates with treating of plant growth regulator and seed priming, their rates with the round shape seeds were comparatively higher about 6% than those with parallel shape seed and they were increased with increasing of the storage durations. The germination rates were generally appeared higher with GA3 than did those with seed priming. The highest germination rate was appeared at 50 ppm GA3 of plant growth regulator and at -0.5 MPa PEG6000 of seed priming. The germination rates?ㅤ ?ㅤ of Angelica gigas were different with different temperature, storage durations and the treatments of plant growth regulator and seed priming. These results could be used according to different cultivating conditions.

골수염의 진단에 있어서의 Tc-99m Hexamethylpropylene amine oxime 백혈구 스캔의 임상적 유용성

최상호,김양수,정준원,정진원,추은주,서동대,배인규,양승오,우준희,류지소 대한화학요법학회 2001 대한화학요법학회지 Vol.19 No.1

배경 : 골수염의 진단에 있어 Technetium-99m을 이용한 삼상 골스캔(Tc-99m MDP스캔)은 단순방사선 검사상 정상소견을 보이는 경우에 쓰이는 1차적 검사로 매우 높은 민감도를 보인다. 그러나 Tc-99m MDP 스캔은 골절이나, 정형외과적 삽입물, 신경병적 관절병변과 같이 뼈의 재형성이 증가되는 상황에서도 양성소견을 보여 특이도가 낮은 단점이 있다. 이러한 단점을 보완하고자 골수염의 진단에 있어 Tc-99m HMPAO 백혈구 스캔의 유용성을 알아보고자 하였다. 대상 및 방법 : 골수염이 의심되어 Tc-99m HMPAO 백혈구 스캔을 시행했던 15명의 의무기록을 후향적으로 분석하였다. 골수염의 확진은 임상관찰 소견과 배양검사 결과와 병리소견을 기준으로 하였다. 결과 : 골수염의 진단에 있어 Tc-99m HMPAO 백혈구 스캔의 민감도와 특이도는 각각 100%와 78%였고 Tc-99m HMPAO 스캔의 경우는 100%와 18%였다. 가장 흔한 원인균은 methicillin-resistant S. aureus였다. Tc-99m MDP 스캔에서 양성소견을 보였던 환자중 3명의 환자가 Tc-99m HMPAO 백혈구 스캔에서 음성 소견을 보였으며 이 환자들은 추적관찰상 골수염이 없는 것으로 확인되었다. 결론 : Tc-99m HMPAO 백혈구 스캔은 골수염의 존재를 진단하는데 있어 민감도와 특이도가 높으며, 특히 뼈의 재형성이 증가되어 Tc-99m MDP 스캔의 특이도가 낮게 나타나는 상황에서 유용하리라 사료된다. Background Three phase bone scintigraphy, performed with technetium-labeled diphosphonates (Tc-99m MDP scan), is the very sensitive radionuclide procedure of choice for diagnosing osteomyelitis. But, Tc-99m MDP scan is less specific when bone remodeling is increased. To overcome this limitation, we evaluated the diagnostic value of technetium-99m hexamethylpropyleneamine oxime (HMPAO) labeled leukocyte scan in osteomyelitis. Methods : We retrospectively reviewed 15 patients with suspected osteomyelitis who performed Tc-99m HMPAO labeled leukocyte scan. The diagnosis of osteomyelitis was based on clinical course and bacterial culture, and pathologic findings. Results The sensitivity and specificity of Tc-99m HMPAO leukocyte scan was 100% and 78%, and those of Tc-99m MDP scan was 100% and 18%, respectively. The most common organism was Methicilein-Resistant S. aureus. Among the patients that showed persistent accumulation on Tc-99m MDP scan, three patients showed no uptake on Tc-99m HMPAO leukocyte scan and these patients were confirmed that had no osteomyelitis. Conclusion : Tc-99m HMPAO leukocyte scan is a useful test for determining the presence or absence of osteomyelitis, especially under condition that bone remodelin is increased.

대전광역 시민의 골다공증 검진에 관한 고찰

유은주,이관우,박현모,이수배,김광현,강희구,박성오 한국건강관리협회 1999 건협 Report Vol.2 No.-

중년 여성의 골밀도와 신체적, 산과적 특성과의 관계 연구

김명희,김주성,김영미 성인간호학회 2002 성인간호학회지 Vol.14 No.4

Purpose: This study were to investigate BMD of middle-aged women and to examine the relationships between BMD and Physical. Obstetric characteristics Method: The data was collected from 119 healthy women who were 40-60 years old. they were examined for BMD at 4 regions(forearm, lumbar, femur, whole body), %fat by DEXA and investigated physical, obstetric characteristics using scale, questionnaire from January to March, 2001. Result: 1) According to bone diagnostic results by WHO classification. 95.8% of forearm and whole body BMD were normal but 21.8-47.7% of lumbar and femur BMD(neck, trochanter, ward's triangle) were diagnosed osteoporosis or osteopnea. 2) The bones were significantly positive correlations of each other (r=.19-.69, p=.04-.00) and there were significant correlations between BMD and physical, obstetric characteristics such as age (r=-.22, p=.02), weight(r=.36∼.48, p=00), height(r=.22, p=.02), %fat(r=.19, p=.04) and age of first delivery(r=-.28, p=.00). Conclusion: Based on this study, healthy middle-aged women were also exposed to risk of osteoporosis related to aging, change of physical conditions or hormonal release. Further research to develop nursing interventions for the purpose of preventing osteoporosis by modifying risk factors is suggested.

열공형과 비열공형 피질하 혈관성 치매에서 위험인자의 차이에 관한 비교 연구

배희준,정지향,유경호,나덕렬,김상윤,최경규,양동원,손의주,이상도,김재우,박경원,김응규,이재홍,박미영,한일우,함동석,최문성,하충건,최성혜,이애영,이병철,한설희 대한치매학회 2003 Dementia and Neurocognitive Disorders Vol.2 No.2

Backgrounds and Objectives: Vascular dementia is a group of dementing disoders arising from various stroke syndrome. Among these. subcortical ischemic vascular dementia (SIVD) is regarded as a relatively distinct clinical entity. However, MRI patterns of SIVD are not homogenous. In some patients, lacunes are dominant, and in others, subcortical white matter changes are. This study was designed to compare risk factor profiles between SIVD with and without multiple lacunes. Methods: We divided 47 subjects (22 males, mean age. 68 years) recruited from VADAPET (Multicenter Trial For Evaluation Of The Changes In the PET Images Of Subcortical Vascular Dementia Patient) study into two groups one with more than 5 lacunes in deep gray matter (lacune group) and the other with 5 or less(non-lacune group) Clinical characteristics and laboratory findings of two groups were compared. Results: Nineteen of 47 patients (40%) belonged to the lacune group. The lacune and non-lacune groups d d not differ in the following variables: age, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, hyperlipidemia heart disease, history of stroke or TIA, history of trauma or major surgery, family history of hypertension stroke, or dementia, age at diagnosis of dementia, body mass index, white blood cell count, ESR, CRP, fibrinogen, hemoglobin A1C, total cholesterol. LDL cholesterol creatinine, proteinuria, glucosuria, and microhematuria. However, male sex, smoking alcohol. hemoglobin, and HDL cholesterol were possibly associated more with lacune group SIVD than with non-lacune group (p<0 1) Multivariate analyses revealed that smoking, hemoglobin, and HDL cholesterol were independent predictors of SIVD with multiple lacunes Conclusion: Our study suggests that SIVD with multiple lacunes may be significantly different in smoking habits hemoglobin, and HDL cholesterol from SIVD without multiple lacunes.

물리치료사들의 대체의료에 관한 인식도 조사

김영희,김기열,배주환,김상수,남철현 경산대학교 보건복지연구소 2000 保健福祉硏究 Vol.5 No.-

This study was conducted to examine physical therapists' awareness of alternative medicine and their treatment. 250 physical therapists who were working in Daegu were selected as subjects of this study. Data were collected from February 21, 2000 to March 31, 2000. The results of this study are summarized as follows. 1. Among 218 respondents, 72.7% of them directly experienced alternative medicine. According to general characteristics of the respondents, 79.0% of them who were in thirties had experiences in alternative medicine. 83.3% of the respondents who had worked for above twenty years experienced alternative medicine and 90.0% of the respondents who were working in Oriental medical clinics had experiences in it. 79.8% of the respondents who had been married experienced alternative medicine and 88.4% of them who were Buddhists had experience in it. 2. The sources of information on alternative medicine were newspapers and broadcast (22.9%), seminars of related associations (22.5%), and Books (20.0%). 3. The respondents experienced alternative medicine for the purpose of treating their chronic diseases (67.0%), improving their energy and quality of life (20.5%), and improving their weak physical constitution (13.4%). 4. According to the respondents' trust in alternative medicine, 40.8% of them trusted chiropractic, while 25.2% of them trusted massage and finger-pressure therapy. 19.7% of them trusted taping therapy and 15.1% of them trusted sports massage. 5. 67.0% of the respondents treated patients by alter native medicine in the hospitals and clinics. In the case of treatment methods by alternative medicine, 35.3% of them gave patients the massage and finger-pressure. 33.0% of them adopted taping therapy and 24.3% of them tried to treat patients by chiropractic. 17.0% of them applied moxacautery, while 15.1% of them gave patients the sports massage. 6. The respondents adopted alternative medicine to treat following diseases: lumbago (57.5%), shoulder pain (51.8%), sciatica (39.9%), arthritis (36.2%), headache (31.1%), hypertension (24.3%), diseases of the peripheral nervous system (22.4%), diseases of digestive organ (14.6%), insomnia (12.3%), obesity (8.7%), stroke (5.5%), allergy and skin diseases (4.1%), cystitis (3.6%). 7. According to their motives of concern about alternative medicine, 59.1% of them were interested in it because they expected additional effect which could be obtained from it in parallel with Western medicine. 16.7% of them were concerned about alternative medicine because they lacked ability to solve patients' clinical problems, while 15.3% of them were interested in it because they acknowledged the effect of it. 8.9% of them had interest in alternative medicine because they were dissatisfied with medical and scientific approach of Western medicine. 8. 73.4% of the respondents thought that alternative medicine needed to be introduced in the college/university curriculum