크론병에 대한 CoPPLX의 방어효과에 대한 연구

이호학,김유림,문창기,이재일,양병윤,김종수,이정민,정재혁,안석진,박상준,김윤권,김소연,김영중,조민구,최영자,장성조 圓光大學校 醫科學硏究所 2005 圓光醫科學 Vol.20 No.1

수술실 손 소독제의 종류에 따른 균주 수의 변화

홍성윤,김정민,김소영,이수정,오은실,양서인,김화실,김남초 병원간호사회 2006 임상간호연구 Vol.11 No.2

Purpose: The present study purposed to compare the hand washing effect of 7.5% powidone-iodine, which is used in the operation room of C university hospital in Seoul, with that of Ethyl alcohol-CHG mixture recommended by the US Association of Operating Room Nurses (2002) and to adopt a more effective hand disinfectant. Method: In a quasi-experimental design, 48 medical staff who participated in operations during the period from November 2004 to February 2005 had hand washing using the two kinds of hand disinfectants: 7.5% povidone-iodine and the ethyl alcohol-CHG mixture. Their palms were swabbed and cultured just after hand washing and again after taking dff sterile gloves after the operation. The number of colonies from the two occasions were counted and compared. Result: The number of general bacillus increased significantly in the group using 7.5% povidone-iodine compared to that in the group using the ethyl alcohol-CHG mixture. The number of general bacillus increased signficantly in doctors compared to that in nurses. The factors affecting the increase of the number of general bacillus were disinfectants and medical personnel. The number of general bacillus was expected to increase 9.41 times with 7.5% povidone-iodine than with the ethyl alcohol-CHG mixture and 14.87 times in doctors than in nurses. Conclusion: This study shows that the ethyl alcogol-CHG mixture has a stronger hand disinfection effect than 7.5% povidone iodine. Thus we need to change the hand disinfectant used in operating rooms as soon as possible in order to minimize the infection of wounds resulting from operations.

전자렌지 조립작업자에서 발생한 경견완증후군의 조사 연구(Ⅰ) : 설문증상을 중심으로 A Review on the Symptoms Investigated by the Questionnaire

김양옥,박종,류소연 大韓産業醫學會 1995 대한직업환경의학회지 Vol.7 No.2

모 전자렌지 조립작업장 근로자 313명 중 목과 어깨 등의 경견완부위에 자각증상을 호소하는 137명(43.8%)에 대하여 자각증상, 작업자세, 작업환경과 건강관리 여부를 조사하고 건강진단을 실시한 후 자각증상에 중점을 두어 분석하여 그 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 1. 증상 호소자 중 경견완증후군 1등급에 해당하는 자는 6명(4.4%), 2등급은 48명(35.0%), 3-1등급은 47명(34.4%), 3-2등급은 11명(8.0%), 4등급은 25명(18.2%)이었다. 2. 증상 호소자의 3.6%가 건강진단 실시 약 36개월 전부터 증상이 있었고, 기간이 지남에 따라 점차 증가하였다. 약 13개월 전에 벨트컨베이어 작업대를 75.0cm에서 87.8cm로 높인 후 증상자의 75%가 발현하였다. 3. 여성 근로자가 남성 근로자에 비해 증상 호소율이 더 높았으며 특히 목과 어깨의 통증, 등의 불편감과 통증, 손목 또는 손의 불편감과 통증은 여자가 남자보다 통계적으로 유의하게 높았다.(p<0.05). 4. 주요 증상의 유병율 증가와 건강진단 실시 이전 24개월 동안 작업장내 실근로자수 감소 사이의 관련성을 조사한 결과 유의한 음의 상관관계가 있었다(r=0.508∼r=-0.665). 5. 작업환경(기온 : 13.3℃, 소음 : 78.8dB, 조도 : 241.4Lux)은 경견완증후군 예방을 위한 권장치(17℃ 이상, 75dB이하, 400Lux이상)에 훨씬 미치지 못하였다. 6. 근로자의 채용 건강진단과 정기 건강진단 중경견완증후군을 위한 검사항목은 없었으며, 초기 경견완증후군을 호소하는 근로자를 치료하는 프로그램이 이 공장에는 없었다. 결론적으로 작업자의 경견완증후군의 주원인은 좋지 못한 작업환경 하에서 장기간(2-3년) 목, 어깨, 팔과 손에 반복되는 단조로운 작업 때문이라고 생각하며, 2차예방을 위한 건강관리 프로그램의 결여가 경견완증후군을 악화시킨 요인이라고 생각된다. To find the characteristics of the subjective symptoms and its related factors among the patients with the cervicobrachial syndrome, an interview survey was made toward 137 patients complaining the symptoms in cervicobrachial area out of 313 workers occupied in a microwave-oven assembling factory form December 1993 to February 1994. Results were as follows: 1. The patients were classified by the severity of the syndrome as 6 persons(4.4%) at grade I (the mildest grade), 48 persons(35.0%) at grade II, 47 persons(34.4%) at grade Ⅲ-1, 11 persons(8.0%) at grade Ⅲ-2 and 25 persons(18.2%) at grade Ⅳ. 2. Only 3.6% of the total patients under the study felt the main symptoms of the cervicobrachial syndrome 36 months before this study, and then the number of patients increased gradually, but the incidence of the syndrome increased suddenly from 25.1% to 74.9% since the factory had elevated the height of the belt conveyer-worktables from 75.0cm to 87.7 cm 13 months before the study. 3. Although the higher percentage of the female workers felt the subjective symptoms including the pain at the neck and shoulder, the discomfort or pain at the back and the discomfort or pain at the wrist or the finger than male workers significantly (p<0.05). The male workers, however, showed more abnormal X-ray findings than the female workers significantly(p<0.05). 4. Between the prevalence of the cervicobrachial syndrome and the number of actual workers occupied at the factory during last 24 months, a negative correlation(r=0.508∼r=0.665) was observed. 5. The measured workplace environment of the studied factory (average temperature: 13.3℃, average noise: 78.8dB, average illumination: 241.4 Lux) was the poorer condition than the recommended level(17℃ or more, lower than 75dB and 400 Lux or more). 6. Neither items to check the cervicobrachial syndrome during the entrance and health maintenance examinations nor early treatment program for the syndrome were found at the factory. In conclusion, the primary cause of the cervicobrachial syndrome of the workers were considered due to their repeated monotonous motions on the neck, the shoulder, the arms and the hands for a long duration(2-3 years) with the uncomfortable working posture under the uncomfortable workplace environments, and the condition got aggravated due to the inappropriated health management program for its secondary prevention.

수종의 근관세척액과 Listerine의 항균성 비교 연구

김영훈,강민경,최은경,양소영,양인석,강인철,황윤찬,황인남,오원만 대한치과보존학회 2009 Restorative Dentistry & Endodontics Vol.34 No.6

본 연구는 여러 가지 근관세척액(NaOCl, CHX, EDTA)과 구강세정제로 사용되는 Listerine을 근관감염균주인 Porphyromonas gingivalis와 Enterococcus faecalis를 상대로 항균효과를 비교하고 Listerine이 근관세척액으로 사용가능한지를 확인하고자 시행하였다. 본 연구에서는 Porphyromonas gingivalis ATCC 3327과 Enterococcus faecalis ATCC 29212의 표준균주를 사용하였다. 실험을 위한 근관세척제로 0.1%, 0.2%, 1%, 2% Chlorhexidine(CHX)과 0.5%, 1%, 2.5%, 5.25% NaOCl, 0.5M EDTA(18.6% EDTA). 그리고 Listerine원액을 이용하였다. 항균효과의 비교는 액체배지상에서 균주의 혼탁도와 한천 확산법을 이용한 억제대 비교로 하였다. 모든 실험군은 대조군과 비교시 근관내 균주에 항균성을 나타냈다(p < 0.001). 모든 농도의 NaOCl, CHX, 그리고 EDTA는 실험균주에서 높은 항균성을 보였다. 모든 실험에서 Listerine은 다른 근관세척제에 비해 낮은 항균성을 보였다. 결론적으로, Listerine이 E. faecalis와 P. gingivalis에 대해 항균성을 보이나, 일반적으로 사용되는 근관세척 액에 비해서는 현저히 낮은 항균성을 나타냄으로 근관세척 액으로 사용은 적합하지 않음을 나타냈다. The purpose of this study is to compare the antibacterial effect of Listerine on two microorganisms (P. gingivalis and E. faecalis) with various root canal irrigants (NaOCl, CHX, EDTA) and to identify possibility of using Listerine as a root canal irrigant. Porphyromonas gingivalis ATCC 3327 and Enterococcus faecalis ATCC 29212 were used in this experiment. For the test irrigants, 0.5%, 1%, 2.5%, 5.25% NaOCl, 0.1%, 0.2%, 1%, 2% CHX, 0.5M EDTA (18.6% EDTA) and Listerine were prepared. Distiled water was used as control. Two methods-1) Comparison of turbidity in broth and 2) Agar diffusion test-were used to determine the extent of antibacterial effect of Listerine and to compare it with that of NaOCl, CHX, and EDTA. All solutions tested were effective against two bacterial strains compared with control (p < 0.001). Any concentration of NaOCl, CHX, and EDTA showed similarly high effectiveness against all bacterial strains. In all experiment, Listerine showed significantly low antibacterial effect compared with the other root canal irrigants (p < 0.05). In conclusion, the results reflect remarkably low antibacterial effect of Listerine as compared with root canal irrigants in general so it is not suitable for the root canal irrigant.

미혼 남녀의 결혼관에 대한 연구

김양희,문영소,박정윤 중앙대학교 생활과학연구소 2003 생활과학논집 Vol.17 No.-

While most of adults in the past thought that marriage was compulsory, now marriage is considered not as compulsory but as optional, which is being on a decreasing trend. Accordingly, their intention to marry, time and motive of marriage depend on the individual situation or preference rather than the standardized and uniform way. This study was conducted to analyze the intention of unmarried men and women to marriage more concretely and in depth. The survey of 316 students who took a course of 'Marriage and Family' in Chung-Ang University was conducted with a way of self-description as a method for a qualitative survey to analyze their consciousness to marriage more deeply, classifying into a total of four questions. The findings of the survey were as follows. First, in terms of the intention to marriage, 93.0% of the responders answered "I will marry", indicating the majority of the students were considering marriage positive. In addition to it, in terms of the connection of love and marriage, 61.0% of the responders answered love and marriage were connected with each other, compared to 34.0% who answered seperate. Second, in terms of the motive of marriage, realization of love topped, followed by a valuable thing, emotional stability, providing for their old age, economic stability, independence from their parents and happy married life of their parents. Third, in terms of the reason to choose single, freedom topped, following by concern at change of love, unnecessity of marriage, burden on a new family, negative image to marriage, description and escape from reality, economic responsibility and the cumbersome processes of marriage.

의복 구매의사 결정과정에 따른 패션정보원의 영향연구 : 여대생을 중심으로

양리나,엄소희,최나영,김문숙 服飾文化學會 1996 服飾文化硏究 Vol.4 No.2

The purpose of this study was to find out the effect fashion information source in the stage of purchase decision-making and difference by stage of the effect extend, and to analyze the difference by fashion information source. For this study, the data were collected through the questionnaire distributed to 337 female students from five universities. The results are as follows: 1)There was significant difference among the effect of fashion information source according to the purchase decision-making stage. At the adoption stage, fashion information source have the most effect on clothing purchase. 2)The effect of Impersonal Source in the purchase decision-making stage was gradually decreased from the initial (awareness, interest)stage to the late stage. 3)The effect of personal Source in the purchase decision-making stage was gradually increased from the initial (awareness, interest)stage to the late stage. 4)Adoption stage was highly influenced by friend and familly that was Personal Independent Source than other fashion information source. However the final selection on clothing purchase was not influenced by and familly. 5)The was significant difference among the effect of fashion information according to the grade. Low grade students were highly influence by Impersonal Sources on clothing purchase. 6)There was significant difference among the effect of fashion information source according to the major. The students majored clothing & textile-design were highly influenced by Impersional Source. The results suggest that fashion information source was significantly different according to purchase decision-making stage and was influenced by grade and major of subjects.

세기말 남성패션에 나타난 표상성

金素英,楊淑喜 服飾文化學會 2000 服飾文化硏究 Vol.8 No.2

With the current of the end of a century and social, economic, political, and cultural turbulence, people take advantage of the various ways to express their stagnation. This study introduces the term repersentativity and it will explain the fashion of the end of a century. On a theoretical basis, the concept of the representativity, image, symbol and imitation which are used as a tool for expression will be examined, and together with this, inner representation and outer representation will be categorized. The inner representation of the men's fashion in the end of a century can be taken for the purpose of connecting the image of masculinity. The image of masculinity is widely spread owing to the mass communication of a consumption-oriented society, so its hard to define that image as one thing specific. Hence, in order to discuss the male gender and mens fashion, New Man phenomenon should be noticed of, 1980's New Man influence has lasted till now. New Man images were largely categorized into two images like New Lad and Iron John after the mid 1990's. Therefore, the image of masculinity is largely classified New lad, who desires success and pursues the hedonistic life style and Iron John, who enjoys thrill and follows economical life style. The image of masculinity has influence on the outer representation how it is imitated and symbolized via many designer's works and street fashion. Two masculinity images are dominant over the men's fashion of the end of a century. One is inhumane and rational corporate power look that stems from symbolization and imitation of New Lad. The other is outdoor casual that originated from the symbolization and imitation of Iron John.

항우울제 장기 투여에 의한 흰쥐 해마에서 PhosphoCREB의 발현 증가

김소양,한진희,이창욱,백인호 大韓神經精神醫學會 1998 신경정신의학 Vol.37 No.5

목 적 : 저자들은 paroxetine(selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor). desipramine(selective norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor), moclobemide(reversible monoamine oxidase inhibitor)의 항우울제를 흰쥐에 장기 투여한 후 해마에서 phosphoCREB의 발현정도를 측정하고 이를 항정신병약물, 항불안제 및 control을 장기 투여하였을 때의 발현정도와 비교해 보고자 하였다. 방 법 : 실험동물로는 체중 200∼300g의 Sprague-Dawley 수컷 흰쥐 240마리를 사용하였고, paroxetine 투여군, desipramine 투여군, moclobemide 투여군, haloperidol 투여군, lorazepam 투여군과 대조군으로 나누고 각각의 약물을 1일간, 3일간, 7일간, 14일간 각각 하루 한차례씩 복강내 주입을 하였다. 흰쥐는 마지막 투약 15분후에 대뇌를 적출하였고 면역조직화학법을 이용하여 해마에서 발현되는 phosphoCREB(+)신경원 수를 측정하였다. 결 과 : 항우울제인moclobemide 투여군에서 3일째부터 phosphoCREB의 발현을 증가시켜 7일째와 14일째 모두 증가되었고 paroxetine 투여군과 desipramine 투여군도 7일째와 14일째 증가를 나타내었다. 그러나 항우울제가 아닌 약물을 투여한 군(lorazepam 투여군과 haloperidol 투여군)에서는 대조군과 비교하였을 때 투여 기간에 따른 phosphoCREB의 증가는 없었다. 결 론 : 다양한 항우울제의 장기 투여는 항정신병약물과 항불안제의 장기 투여와 비교하면 모두 해마에서 phosphoCREB의 발현을 증가시킴을 알 수 있었다. 따라서 이는 다른 약제와 구별되는 항우울제만의 특이한 공통적 약물작용기전으로 생각된다. Objectives : This study was designed to assess the expression of phosphoCREB in rat hippocampus after chronic administration of various antidepressants in comparison with chronic administration of antipsychotic and antianxiety drugs. Methods : Male Sprague-Dawley rats(200-300g) were used for this experiment. The subjects were divided into 6 groups according to specific treatment agents(paroxetine, desipramine, moclobemide, haloperidol, lorazepam, vehicle) which were administered daily for 1day, 3day, 7day, and 14days by intraperitoneal injection respectively. Brains were removed 15 minutes after the last treatment. PhosphoCREB immunoreactivity was measured by phosphoCREB(+) cell counts in hippocampus of rats. Results : Expression of phosphoCREB was significantly increased from day 3 in moclobemide group, from day 7 in paroxetine and desipramine groups, and increased most significantly from day 14 in all antidepressant-administered groups, with no increase in other two groups(lorazepam and haloperidol groups) throughout the experiment and even after 14 days of treatment. Conclusion : These result suggest that increased expression of phosphoCREB after chronic administration of antidepressants, not of antipsychotic or antianxiety drugs, demonstrates pharmacolgical specificity of antidepressant treatment in rat hippocampus regardless of their receptor preference.

현대 패션 변화에 따른 마네킹의 표현 양상

김소영,양숙희 복식문화학회 2001 服飾文化硏究 Vol.9 No.1

The human body is a subject to represent one's thoughts and feelings more easily. Historically, the women's body has become a implement to express an ideal of beauty with the changes of the times, and it has created some ideal body by various means. We have been influenced consciously or unconsciously by the ideal body made artificially, As fashion dolls and mannequins came out with various style in the 19th century, the fashion and the ideal body of those days were expressed completely, In the 20th century, it took as a matter of course that commercialization of fashion made persue the ideal body, so mannequin as a transmitter of esthetic presentation were used to express the ideal body. Mannequin is a implement to express an ideal body of that times, because mannequin, when it is made, is exactly embodied fashionable images of that times which include a ratio of the human body's curve, a pose, an ample bosom, a fashionable dress and so on. This study considers changes of the ideal body and the fashionable clothes in each generation from the 1920's to the present time, and, on the basis of this, the correlation of the ideal body with the form of mannequins. And this study examines what kind of mannequins, that is, realistic mannequin, sculpture mannequin, and abstract mannequin.

성별과 염색에 따른 모발 중 중금속 함량 연구

김현정,양소영,이인화 한국위생과학회 2002 한국위생과학회지 Vol.8 No.2

중금속의 생체 축적에 관한 기초자료를 제공하기 위해 대구 광역시에 거주하고 있는 남, 여 229명을 대상으로 성, 및 염색의 유무에 따라 모발 중에 함유된 수은, 납, 카드뮴, 크롬, 비소, 아연, 구리, 망간, 철 및 알루미늄의 함량을 조사하였으며, 또한 성, 연령 및 염색 유무의 차이를 알아보기 위하여 t-test 검증을 한 결과는 다음과 같았다. 1) 모발 중의 수은, 납, 비소, 아연, 구리, 망간, 철, 알루미늄의 함량은 남성의 경우에는 각각 1.00 ㎍/g, 2.49㎍/g, 2.02 ㎍/g, 113.75 ㎍/g, 10.08 ㎍/g, 0.63 ㎍/g, 60.47 ㎍/g, 39.69 ㎍/g, 이었으며, 여성의 경우에는 0.96㎍/g, 1.46 ㎍/g, 1.32 ㎍/g, 188.76 ㎍/g, 23.50 ㎍/g, 0.41 ㎍/g, 34.04 ㎍/g, 32.46 ㎍/g 이었다. 그리고 t-test 결과 모발 중 납, 비소, 아연, 구리, 망간, 철의 함량에 있어서 남녀의 성은 1% 수준에서 유의한 차이를 나타내었으며, 알루미늄 함량의 경우에는 5% 수준에서 남녀 사이에 유의한 차이를 나타내었다. 3) 염색한 모발에서는 수은, 납, 비소, 아연, 구리, 망간, 철, 알루미늄의 평균함량은 각각 1.25 ㎍/g, 1.88 ㎍/g, 1.43 ㎍/g, 214.15 ㎍/g, 32.19 ㎍/g, 0.72 ㎍/g, 32.95 ㎍/g, 33.60 ㎍/g 이었으며, 염색하지 않은 모발에서는 각각 0.90 ㎍/g, 1.86 ㎍/g, 1.64 ㎍/g, 145.49 ㎍/g, 1472 ㎍/g, 0.44 ㎍/g, 47.32 ㎍/g, 35.73 ㎍/g 이었다. 그리고 t-test 결과 모발의 염색유무는 아연, 구리, 망간, 철의 경우 1% 수준에서, 수은의 겨우 5% 수준에서 유의한 차이를 나타내었다. This study was performed to provide the basic information for biological accumulation of heavy metals in human hair. Hair samples of 229 residents in Daegu city were collected, and the contents of mercury, lead, cadmium, chromium, arsenic, zinc, copper, manganese, iron and aluminum in hairs were investigated by sex and coloring group. And, t-test analyzing were carried out in order to know the differences by sex and coloring group on the biological accumulation of heavy metals. The contents of mercury, lead, arsenic, zinc, copper, manganese, iron and aluminum in hair of males were 1.00 ㎍/g, 2.49 ㎍/g, 2.02 ㎍/g, 113.75 ㎍/g, 10.08 ㎍/g, 0.63 ㎍/g, 60.47 ㎍/g and 39.69 ㎍/g, respectively, and those of mercury, lead, arsenic, zinc, copper, manganese, iron and aluminum in hair of females were 0.96㎍/g, 1.46 ㎍/g, 1.32 ㎍/g, 188.76 ㎍/g, 23.50 ㎍/g, 0.41 ㎍/g, 34.04 ㎍/g and 32.46 ㎍/g, respectively. The differences between male and female on the biological accumulation of lead, arsenic, zinc, copper, manganese and iron in human hair were significant at 1 % level. The mean contents of mercury, lead, arsenic, zinc, copper, manganese, iron and aluminum in coloring hairs were 1.25 ㎍/g, 1.88 ㎍/g, 1.43 ㎍/g, 214.15 ㎍/g, 32.19 ㎍/g, 0.72 ㎍/g, 32.95 ㎍/g and 33.60 ㎍/g, respectively. The mean contents of mercuty, lead, arsenic, zinc, copper, manganese, iron and aluminum in non-coloring hairs were 0.90 ㎍/g, 1.86 ㎍/g, 1.64 ㎍/g, 145.49 ㎍/g, 14.72 ㎍/g, 0.44 ㎍/g, 47.32 ㎍/g and 35.73 ㎍/g, respectively. Judging from t-test analyzing, the differences between coloring hair and non-coloring hair on the biological accumulation of zinc, copper, manganese and iron in human hair were significant at 1 % level.