Multiplex PCR Detection for 3 Events of Genetically Modified Maize, DAS-59122-7, TC6275, and MIR604

Ji-Hye Ahn,Jae-Hwan Kim,Su-Youn Kim,Woo-Young Lee,Sun-Hee Park,Hae-Yeong Kim 한국식품과학회 2008 Food Science and Biotechnology Vol.17 No.3

A multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR) method was developed to simultaneously detect 3 events of genetically modified (GM) maize. The event-specific primers were used to discriminate the following 3 events of GM maize (DAS-59122-7, TC6275, and MIR604) using multiplex PCR method. The zein gene was used as an endogenous maize reference gene in the multiplex PCR detection. The primer pair Zein-F/R producing a 99 bp amplicon was used to amplify the zein gene. The primer JI-Das-F1/R1 for DAS-59122-7, JI-TC6275-F3/R3 for TC6275, and JI-MIR F1/R1 for MIR604 yielded an amplicon of 130, 162, and 197 bp, respectively. The detection limit of multiplex PCR was 1% for DAS-59122-7, TC6275, and MIR604 for one reaction.

내독소로 유도되는 Nuclear Factor Kappa B 활성화에 미치는 Src Family Kinase의 조절기전

김희재,이혜원,이희수,하종식,이지희 이화여자대학교 의과대학 2003 EMJ (Ewha medical journal) Vol.26 No.2

목적: Src family tyrosine kinases (TK)가 내독소로 인해 유도되는 NF-kB 활성화 신호전달체계에 연관되어 있음이 보고된 바 있다. 또한 내독소(LPS)나 TNF a와 같은 여러 자극제는 IkB-a 의 serine기 또는 tyrosine기의 인산화를 통하여 NF-kB를 활성화 시킨다고 알려진 바 있다. 이에 본 연구에서는 RAW 264.7 대식세포에 내독소 투여 시 유도되는 NF-kB활성화 및 NF-kB 의존성 염증성인자 생성에 대한 Src TK의 역할에 대해 규명하고자 한다. 방법: American Type Culture Collection 에서 구입한 생쥐의 대식세포, RAW264.를 내독소(LPS)에 노출시킨 후 damnacanthal나 PP1을 처리하여, EMSA, Nitrite assay, Western blot을 통하여Src TK가 NF-kB활성과 염증인자의 생성에 있어서 어떤 역할을 하는지에 대하여 조사하였고 내독소 투여로 인한 NF-kB활성에 있어서 Src TK의 기본적인 작용기전에 대해 조사하였다. 결과: Damnacanthal이나 PP1은 Src TK 특이적 억제제로 알려져 있는데, 본 연구에서는 Src TK의 특이적 억제제인 damnacanthal 이나 PP1을 사용하였고, RAW 264.7 대식세포에서 Src TK 특이 억제제의 전처치는 내독소로 유도되는 NF-kB활성을 차단시켰다. 또한 내독소 투여로 증가된 NO 생성은 damnacanthal이나 PP1에 의하여 억제되었다. 이런 TK kinase 억제제는 내독소로 유도되는 serine 기 인산화와 IkB-a 분해를 억제시켰다. 결론: Src kinase 특이적 억제제인 damnacanthal 그리고 PP1이 RAW 264.7세포에서 내독소로 유도되는 NF-kB활성과 Nitric Oxide 생성을 차단시켰다. 또한. Damna-canthal이나 PP1은 내독소로 유도된 serine기 인산화와 IkB-a의 분해를 억제시켰다. Objectives : Src family tyrosine kinases(TK) have been found to be involved in LPS induc-tion of signal cascades. Furthermore Lipopolysaccharide(LPS) or Tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-a) activate nuclear transcription factor kB(NF-kB) by inducing serine or tyrosine pho-sphorylation of the inhibitory subunit of NF-k B(I k B- a). In this study, it is our purpose to search the role of Src TK in LPS induced activation of NF-k B and NF-k B dependent induced inflam-matory factors. Methods : Nuclear extracts were prepared from RAW 264.7 cells pretreated with damnacan-thal or PP1 and then stimulate with LPS. After that, we figured out the dffects of inhibition of Src family kinases on LPS-induced activation of NF-kB by EMSA. We investigated effects of damnacanthal of PP1 on the production of NO by Griess assay and LPS-induced serine phos-phorylation and degradation of Ik B-a by Western blots in LPS-stimulated RAW263.7 cells. Results : Inhibition of Src TK with damnacanthal or PP1 blocked LPS-induced NF-kB acti-vation at the range of nanomolar concentrations. Substantial inhibition in LPS-induced production of NO was also observed in cells treated with damnacanthal or PP1. These kinase inhibitors blocked LPS-induced the serine phosphorylation, and the degradation of Ik B-a. Conclusion : we investigated the role of Src TK in NF-k B activation and production of nitric oxide (NO) in LPS stimulated RAW 264.7 macrophages and the underlying mechanism by which Src TK play a role in LPS-induction of the possible pathways leading to NF-k B activation. Src kinase specific inhibitors, damnacanthal and PP1 blocked LPS induced activating NF-k B and producing Nitric Oxide in Raw 264.7 machrophages. Moreover, Damnacanthal and PP1 inhibited LPS induced serine phosphorylation and degradation of Ik B-a.

대학생의 우울정도 : 간호학전공과 타전공대학생을 중심으로

김지연,류나은,이소라,이지희,정윤정,주지연,황인혜 이화여자대학교 간호과학대학 2012 이화간호학회지 Vol.- No.46

Purpose: This study was designed to investigate sample’s general characteristics and compare depression degree among sample’s general characteristics and students’ major(nursing vs. other major). Methods: The subjects consisted of 318 university students. Data was collected by self-reported questionnaires, which were constructed BDI score. Data was analyzed by the SPSS/PC WIN 19.0 program. Results: The depression of nursing students and other major students was not significantly different according to BDI score. Statistically significant difference was identified among sleeping. Conclusion: Specific study focused on the practice time should be done to confirm the depression of nursing major and other majors. Detailed support programs which specifically deal with sleeping should be developed to effectively reduce the harmful effects of individual vulnerability. Therefore, prevention and management system to reduce depression degree for university students is needed.

조혈모세포이식 후 발생한 주폐포자층 폐렴에 대한 고찰

주지현,최정현,이동건,백지연,고윤호,이혜정,김세희,신호진,박윤희,박지영,김유진,신완식,김춘추 대한감염학회 2001 감염 Vol.33 No.4

Background : Pneumocytitis cainii pneumonia (PCP) can occur in immunocompromised hosts especially such as AIDS or cancer patients. Although recent research had focused on PCP in AIDS patients, few studies have described the clinical presentations of PCP in recipients of stem cell transplantation (SCT). We evaluated the clinical manifestations of PCP in SCT patients admitted at St. Mary's hospital, Seoul, Korea. Methods : The medical records of 17 PCP patients undergoing SCT between Feb. 1998 and Feb. 2000 were reviewed. The diagnosis of PCP was confirmed through the demonstration of Pneumocytitis cainii via either cytology of brochoalveolar lavage (BAL) or histological technique of lung biopsy. CMV disease and CMV infection were confirmed by BAL culture and antigenemia respectively . Results : Seventeen patients were all recipients of allogeneic SCT and 7 of 17 patients were performed non-sibling SCT. Patients presented with symptoms including brief period (4 ∼23 days) of fever (76%), dyspnea (70%), cough (64%), and signs such as rare(58.8%), Sixteen patients (94%) had been receiving immunosuppressive agent such as cyclosporine A (64%) or Fk506 (35%) without PCP prophylaxis. Eleven patients (64%) were treated with corticosteroid with mean dose of 16 mg/day prednisolone and mean duration of 4.6 months after post-SCT period. Twelve patients were co-infected with CMV. Another co-infected miCroorganisms were Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Mycobacterium tuberculosis, herpes simplex virus, parainfluenza virus, Average duration of treatment with trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (TMP/SMX) was 21 ±9 days. Four patients died, and three of them were related with PCP. Conclusion : PCP developed frequently in patients who were taking immunosuppressive drug due to graft versus host disease or were not taking TMP/SMX prophylaxis. High risk patients showing fever, cough, or dyspnea should be considered to take early bronchoscopic intervention for detection of PCP. When treat for PCP, it also be considered to the possibility of coinfection such as CMV. (Korean J Infect Dis 33:273∼279, 2001)

부산, 울산, 경남지역 직업병감시체계에서 나타난 수지진동증후근의 역학적 특성

최영희,유철인,이지호,이충렬,이헌,김영욱,채창호,고상백,김은아,이유진,김양호 大韓産業醫學會 2003 대한직업환경의학회지 Vol.15 No.3

목적: 국내에서도 국소진동에 의한 수지진동증후군이 다수 있을 것으로 추정하나 최근에 이에 대한 보고가 적어 부·울·경 직업병감시체계를 통하여 수지진동증후군에 대한 환례를 수집하여 이의 역학적 특성을 밝히고자 본 연구를 실시하였다. 방법: 2001년 44월부터 2002년 12월까지 부산, 울산, 경남지역에 있는 종합병원 9곳을 통하여 특수 건강진단과 산업의학과 외래를 방문한 근로자를 대상으로 진동폭로에 대한 설문조사를 실시하고 이들중에서 수지진동으로 인한 증상을 호소하는 근로자는 이학적 검사와 Stockholm workshop scale을 이용하여 수지진동증후군이 있는지 평가하였다. 결과: 남자 188명, 여자 4명 등 총 192례의 수진진동증후군이 의심되는 환례를 수집하였으며, 업종별로는 조선업에 종사하는 근로자들이 가장 많았다. 국소진동의 주된 폭로원은 그라인더가 가장 많았으며, 혈관장해로 인한 증상보다 감각신경성 장해로 인한 증상을 많이 호소하였다. 결론: 전국적으로 조선업종의 그라인더 사용자를 중심으로 많은 수의 수지진동증후군의 환자가 있을 것으로 추정되며, 이들에 대한 예방대책을 마련하기 위하여 전국규모의 정확한 유병률 조사 및 실태파악이 필요한 것으로 판단된다. Objects: The objectives of this study were to estimate the epidemiologic characteristics of hand-arm vibration syndrome (HAVS) due to occupational exposure of hand transmitted vibration and to identify the occupations and industries where such exposures arises, and the main sources of exposure. Methods: In April 2001 the Busan, Ulsan, and Kyung-Nam Province occupational disease surveillance system was established to measure the incidence and prevalence of work-relatd HAVS and other occipational diseases in these Korean provinces. Occupational physicians of nine hospitals in Busan, Ulsan, and Kyung-nam Province were involved in this project between April 2001 and November 2002. Physicians collected information through questionnaires and interviews. Information gathered included age, occupation, types of vibration tools used and presence of subkective symptoms such as vibration-induced white finger (VWF), numbness and tingling. Results: A total 192 cases were reported with 188 males and 4 females. The shipbuilding industry was the most common type of industry and grinders were the most common source of exposire. Symptoms of neurological disorder were more common than those of vascular disprder. Conclusions: The authors concluded that exposure to hand transmitted vibration is common and that HAVS is one of the most common occupational diseases in Korea. However, the range and extent of hand transmitted vibration and the overall prevalence of HAVS in Korea is still unknown. More extensive research on this syndrome in order to priorite necessary preventive measures is required.

문학 장르별 한국 문화교육 연구 -고향과 관련한 작품들을 중심으로-

김지안 ( Kim Ji An ),이정희 ( Lee Jung Hee ) 한국사회복지경영학회 2021 사회복지경영연구 Vol.8 No.2

고향에 대한 한국인의 정서는 문학작품에 녹아들어 대를 이어 향유되고 있다. 한국어학습자들 또한 고향을 떠나 한국사회라는 타향에서의 삶을 살기에 고향에 대한 남다른 의미를 가질 것이다. 따라서 한국어학습자 자신을 비추어 볼 수 있기도 하며, 한국인들이 갖는 남다른 ‘고향’에 대한 정서를 여러 문학 장르의 문학작품을 통해 함께 공유하고 소통하고자 한다. 본 고에서는 한국어교육에 있어서 한국어 학습자에게 읽기 텍스트로서의 접근성과 언어 수준을 고려한 문장의 길이 그리고 내용 파악의 용이성을 염두에 두고 고향이라는 주제와 소재가 포함된 문화요소를 고려하여 단편소설, 수필, 현대시, 시조의 장르를 선정하였다. 소설에서는 고향 상실과 고향 회귀에 대해 심도 있게 다룬 황석영의 ‘삼포로 가는 길’과 문순태의 ‘징 소리’를 선택하였다. 외지를 떠도는 주인공들에게 고향은 마음속에 담겨 있고, 돌아가고 싶은 곳으로 정착하고픈 곳이다. 수필에서는 수필가로 인지도가 있고, 내 고향에서 고향에 대한 애착을 잘 표현한 치옹 윤오영의 ‘내 고향’과 우리나라의 대표적인 국어학자로서 국어사연구 및 국어정책 발전에 힘썼으며, 월남 학자로서 고향에 대한 의식이 남달랐고, 고향과 어머니를 그리워하는 마음도 강하게 나타난 해암 김형규의 ‘고향’을 중심으로 논의하였다. ‘내 고향’에서는 고향에 대한 애착과 자부심이 ‘고향’에서는 두고 온 고향과 홀로 계신 어머니를 생각하며 회한에 빠진 모습이 잘 나타난다. 시에서는 정지용의 ‘향수’와 이시영의 ‘마음의 고향6 초설’을 선택하였다. ‘향수’에서는 고향의 정경을 잘 묘사하고 있고, 감각적 이미지를 사용하여 고향에 대한 그리움을 나타내고 있고, ‘내 마음의 고향’에서는 고향을 잃은 상실감과 그리움의 정서를 반어적으로 강조하고 있다. 시조에서는 고향에 대한 작품을 많이 남긴 백수 정완영의 ‘고향생각’과 초정 김상옥의 ‘사향’을 선택하였다. ‘고향생각’에서는 단지 태어나 자란 곳이 아닌 조상 곁으로 돌아가는 공간으로의 고향으로 그려지고 있다. ‘사향’에서는 고향을 떠나 일경의 추적을 피하면서도 고향에 대한 애틋한 생각을 담고 있다. 작품들에서 고향은 한국인들에게 고향은 자기가 태어난 곳을 넘어 자신의 뿌리가 되고 힘들 때 생각나고, 언젠가는 돌아가야 할 곳으로 생각하고 있다. 문학 장르별 문화 교육 방안으로 소설과 수필은 고향을 주제로 써보는 것을, 시와 시조에서는 모방시 짓기와 시조 창작 활용을 제시하였다. 고향이란 테마에 한국인의 효와 가족 사랑을 묶는다면 한국어 문화교육 현장에서 좋은 소재가 될 것이고, 한국의 문화를 교육하는데 일조할 것이다. Koreans' emotions about their hometown have been melted into literary works and enjoyed for generations. Korean language learners will also have a special meaning for their hometowns because they leave their hometowns and live in other regions of Korean society. Therefore, Korean learners themselves can be seen in light of themselves, and they intend to share and communicate with Koreans through literary works of various literary genres. In this paper, short stories, essays, modern poems, and sijo genres were selected in consideration of cultural elements including the theme and subject of hometown, with Korean learners in mind of accessibility as reading texts, language level, and ease of identification. In the novel, Hwang Seok-young's "The Way to Sampo" and Moon Soon-tae's "Jingsori," which dealt with in-depth loss of hometown and return to hometown, were selected. For the protagonists wandering around the country, their hometown is contained in their hearts and they want to settle down as a place they want to return to. In his essay, he was recognized as an essayist, and he worked hard to study Korean history and develop Korean language policies as a representative Korean scholar in Korea, and discussed Haeam Kim Hyung-gyu's hometown, which showed a strong sense of longing for his hometown and mother. In My Hometown, attachment and pride to my hometown are well seen in regret, thinking about my hometown and my mother who is alone. The poem chose Jeong Ji-yong's "Nostalgia" and Lee Si-young's "Hometown of Heart 6." In "Nostalgia," the scenery of the hometown is well described, the longing for the hometown is expressed using a sensuous image, and in "Hometown of My Heart," the emotion of loss and longing for the loss of hometown is ironically emphasized. In the progenitor's book, Baeksu Jeong Wan-young's "Hometown Thoughts" and Chojeong Kim Sang-ok's "Sahyang" were chosen. In "Hometown Thinking," it is depicted as a hometown that goes back to the ancestor's side, not just a place where he was born and raised. ‘Sahyang’ contains affectionate thoughts about the hometown while avoiding the pursuit of Ilgyeong, leaving his hometown. In the works, I think of my hometown as a place for Koreans to go beyond where I was born, become my roots, think of when I have a hard time, and go back someday. As a cultural education plan for each literary genre, novels and essays were written on the theme of hometown, and poems and sijos suggested writing imitations and the use of sijo creation. If Koreans' filial piety and family love are tied to the theme of hometown, it will be a good material in the Korean language culture education field and help educate Korean culture.

Negative Regulation of Hypoxic Responses via Induced Reptin Methylation

Jason S. Lee,김윤호,김익수,김보규,최희준,이지민,신희재,김정화,김지영,서상범,이호,Olivier Binda,Or Gozani,Gregg L. Semenza,김민형,김근일,황대희,백성희 Sookmyung Women's University Research Institute of 2010 여성과 건강 Vol.6 No.1

취학전 어린이의 상악 유전치 우식증과 관련 요인

정승열,이광희,라지영,이동진,안소연,김지영,송지현,김윤희 大韓小兒齒科學會 2008 大韓小兒齒科學會誌 Vol.35 No.4

연구 목적은 상악 유전치 우식증의 발생 요인을 규명하기 위함이었다. 연구대상은 익산시 어린이집 중에서 무작위로 추출 한 7개 어린이집의 36개월 이상 71개월 미만의 남아 214명, 여아 187명, 모두 401명이었다. 연구방법은 상악 유전치 우식 증의 유병률을 조사하고, 성별, 연령, 모유 수유 또는 인공 수유, 수유 기간, 감미 간식 섭취 빈도, 칫솔질 시작 시기, 1일 칫솔질 횟수 등을 조사하여 상악 유전치 우식증과의 연관성을 분석하였다. 연구결과를 보면, 상악 유전치 우식증의 유병률은 남아에서 43.0%, 여아에서 26.7%로서 남아가 여아보다 유의하게 높았고(P<0.01), 수유 기간 2년 이하 군에서 31.0%. 2-3 년 군에서 43.2%, 3년 이상 군에서 63.2%로서 수유 기간이 길어질수록 유의하게 증가하는 경향을 나타내었으며(P<0.01), 감미 간식을 매일 섭취하는 군에서 44.2%,2-3일에 한 번 섭취하는 군에서 31.47%, 자주 섭취하지 않는 군에서 32.4%로서, 매일 섭취하는 경우에 상악 유전치 우식증과의 유의한 연관성이 있었다(P<0.05). 연령, 모유 수유 또는 인공 수유, 칫솔질 시작 시기, 1일 칫솔질 횟수에서는 상악 유전치 우식증과 유의한 연관성이 나타나지 않았다(P>0.05). The purpose of study was to investigate the etiologic factors of maxillary primary anterior caries. The subjects of study were 401 preschool children, 214 boys and 187 girls, from 36 to 71 months old of randomly selected seven nurseries in Iksan city. The prevalence of maxillary primary anterior teeth was cross-analyzed with gender, age, breast feeding or bottle feeding, length of feeding, sweet snack intake frequency, beginning of tooth-brushing, and toothbrushing frequency per day. The prevalence was 43.0% in boys and 26.7% in girls, and there was significant association between the prevalence and gender in cross analysis(P<0.01). The prevalences of the shorter than 2 years of feeding group, the from 2 to 3 years group, and the longer than 3 years group were 31.0%, 43.2%, and 63,2%, respectively, and there was significant association between the prevalence and the length of feeding (P<0.01). Daily intake of sweet snacks had a significant association with the prevalence(P<0.05) There was no significant association between the prevalence and the variables of age, breast feeding or bottle feeding, beginning of toothbrushing, and toothbrushing frequency per day(P>0.05).

Negative Regulation of Hypoxic Responses via Induced Reptin Methylation

Jason S. Lee,김윤호,김익수,김보규,최희준,이지민,신희재,김정화,김지영,서상범,이호,Olivier Binda,Or Gozani,Gregg L. Semenza,김민형,김근일,황대희,백성희 Sookmyung Women's University Research Institute of 2010 여성과 건강 Vol.6 No.1

계지의 항염 효과에 관한 연구

박히준,이지숙,이재동,김남재,표지희,강전모,최일환,김수영,심범상,이제헌,임사비나 EAST-WEST MEDICAL RESEARCH INSTITUTE KYUNG HEE UNI 2005 東西醫學硏究所 論文集 Vol.2005 No.-

Objectives : Cinnamomi Ramulus (CR), the young twing of Cinnamomi loureirii nees, has been used for treating symptoms related to pain. rheumatic arthritis and inflammation in Korean herb medicine. This study was carried out to investigate the anti-inflammatory effect of CR in vivo and in vitro. Methods : Extracts of CR were prepared and the chemical components of the extracts were examined by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The extracts were administrated to the rat paw edema model induced by carrageenan to evaluate the anti-inflammatory effect of CR. The expressions of nitric oxide (NO). prostaglandin E2(PGE2), inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and cyclooxygenase (COX)-2 were also quantified in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced RAW 264.7 macrophages to survey the effect of CR in vitro. The main components were cinnamaldechyde and coumarin. Results : We examined the anti-inflammatory activity of the 80% ethanol extract of Cinnamomi Ramulus in vivo by using carrageenan-induced rat paw edema model. Maximum inhibition of 54.9% was noted at the dose of 1000㎎/㎏ after 2 hours of drug administration in carrageenan-induced rat paw edema and this showed a potent anti-inflammatory effect. Conclusions : The results showed that Cinnamomi Ramulus suppressed dose-dependently LPS-induced NO production in RAW 264.7 macrophages and also decreased iNOS protein expression. Cinnamomi Ramulus also showed a significant inhibitory effect in LPS-induced PGE2 production and COX-2 expression.