Multiplex PCR Detection for 3 Events of Genetically Modified Maize, DAS-59122-7, TC6275, and MIR604

Ji-Hye Ahn,Jae-Hwan Kim,Su-Youn Kim,Woo-Young Lee,Sun-Hee Park,Hae-Yeong Kim 한국식품과학회 2008 Food Science and Biotechnology Vol.17 No.3

A multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR) method was developed to simultaneously detect 3 events of genetically modified (GM) maize. The event-specific primers were used to discriminate the following 3 events of GM maize (DAS-59122-7, TC6275, and MIR604) using multiplex PCR method. The zein gene was used as an endogenous maize reference gene in the multiplex PCR detection. The primer pair Zein-F/R producing a 99 bp amplicon was used to amplify the zein gene. The primer JI-Das-F1/R1 for DAS-59122-7, JI-TC6275-F3/R3 for TC6275, and JI-MIR F1/R1 for MIR604 yielded an amplicon of 130, 162, and 197 bp, respectively. The detection limit of multiplex PCR was 1% for DAS-59122-7, TC6275, and MIR604 for one reaction.

[P8-249] Capsanthin, the Main Compounds in Red Paprika Fruit (Capsicum annuum L.), Prevents H<SUB>2</SUB>O<SUB>2</SUB>-Induced Inhibition of Gap-Junction Intercellular Communication

Ji?Sun Kim,Jiyun Ahn,Sun-hye Lim,Suna Kim,Tae-Youl Ha 한국식품영양과학회 2010 한국식품영양과학회 학술대회발표집 Vol.2010 No.10

역사 재현의 어려움 : 모델영화에서의 명예훼손과 표현의 자유

안지혜 영상예술학회 2009 영상예술연구 Vol.15 No.-

최근 한국영화의 주요한 흐름을 형성하고 있는 팩션(faction)영화, 그 중에서도 실제의 인물을 모델로 하여 영화 속의 인물을 재창조하는 ‘모델영화’는 모델이 되는 인물에 대해 다양한 해석과 창작이 덧붙여지고 그 과정에서 해당 인물의 명예 감정을 상하게 하거나 사회적인 평가를 저해하게 될 가능성이 있다. 여기서 헌법이 보장하는 두 가지 기본권이 충돌하게 되는데 영화를 창작하는 사람이 가지는 언론·출판의 자유와 학문·예술의 자유, 즉 넓은 의미의 표현의 자유가 그 하나이고, 모델이 되는 사람이 가지게 되는 인격권이 다른 하나이다. 이 충돌은 일반적으로 명예훼손이라는 형법적 다툼과 불법행위에 의한 손해배상이라는 민법적 다툼으로 이어지곤 한다. 실제 역사와 실존 인물을 영화화함에 있어 그 표현의 ‘자유’와 ‘한계’는 어디까지인가는 개별 창작 과정에서 끊임없이 검토되어야 하겠지만 일정한 사회적 합의와 일관된 판례가 그 가이드라인을 제공해주어야 한다. 불필요한 자기검열을 피하고 예술적 창조성을 충분히 발휘하기 위해서는 예측가능한 기준들이 존재해야 한다는 것이다. 본 논문은 명예훼손을 이유로 소송의 대상이 된 모델영화의 사례들을 통해 표현의 자유와 개인의 명예라는 충돌하는 가치를 적절히 조화함에 있어 우리 사법부가 어떤 태도를 취해왔는지 살펴보고자 하였다. 모델영화에서 명예훼손이 성립하기 위해서는 ‘사실’(혹은 ‘허위사실’)을 적시하여 모델이 된 실존인물의 ‘사회적인 평가’를 저하시켰다고 객관적으로 판단할 수 있어야 한다. 다만 적시된 사실이 진실과 부합하고 그 내용이 공공의 이익과 관련되어 있다면 위법성이 조각되어 책임을 면할 수 있다. 논점을 정리해보면 첫째, 문제의 표현이 사실 혹은 허위사실을 적시한 것인가의 여부, 둘째, 문제의 표현으로 인해 모델이 된 인물의 ‘사회적 평가’가 저하되었다고 객관적으로 판단할 수 있는지의 여부, 셋째, 적시된 사실이 진실과 부합하고 (혹은 그렇게 믿을만한 상당한 이유가 있고) 공공의 이익과 관련되는지의 여부 등이다. 본 논문은 이러한 기준들이 실제 판례에서 어떻게 적용되고 해석되는지를 <실미도>와 <그때 그사람들> 사건 판례를 중심으로 분석한다. 그리고 현재의 판례들 이 영화 표현의 자유를 언론의 자유와 동일한 논의의 틀에서 접근하고 있음을 지적하고, 허구의 예술인 영화의 특성을 보다 잘 반영할 수 있는 새로운 논의의 틀이 필요함을 주장한다. 이는 한국영화에서 다양한 소재와 다양한 시각의 역사 해석이 존재할 수 있도록 표현의 자유를 폭넓게 보장하고자 함이다. The ‘faction film,’ one of the noticeable trends in recent Korean films, or to a lesser extent the ‘films with the use of likeness,’ meaning the films that create the characters based on real figures, bear the negative possibilities of defamation and social demotion of the real figures. It is because this kind of films add various analysis and sometimes recreate certain factors in the process of transforming the real figures into filmic entities. Two constitutional rights may conflict at this point:one is the freedom of expression which overall embraces the freedom of speech and publication and the freedom of art and academic research. The other is the personal right of the real figure. The collision between these two often leads to either the defamation, a penal case, or the damage suit, a civil conflict, or to both sometimes. The ‘freedom of expression’ and it's limitations in the films adapting from the real history and figure would have to be discussed in each individual filmmaking case. However, a general guideline, built upon social consensus and consistent precedents, should be provided since, being predictable, it could help filmmakers to avoid unnecessary self-censorship and encourage artistic creativity. This thesis aims to look into how the Korean judicature has been reacting to the issue of balancing on the verge of two potentially conflicting values, freedom of expression and the defamation of individuals, by studying the films with the use of likeness under the lawsuit for being defamatory. In order to conclude defamation in the film, it is necessary that the real figure has to be defined, based on objective standards, as damaged from devaluation of social status by being adapted into the film. However, if the adapted story corresponds to the reality and involves in the public interest, the film can be waived from being claimed illegal and be free from legal responsibilities. In other words, three questions need to be asked in order to conclude the defamation;first, does the film include facts or fiction? Second, has the adapted story damaged social status of the real figure judging from objective standards? Third, does the adapted story correspond to the reality (or at least have enough reason to believe so) and relate to the public interest? This thesis sees how these questions are answered in real precedent cases by taking examples of two films:Silmido(2003, directed by KANG Woo-suk) and The President's Last Bang(2004, directed by IM Sang-soo). I'd like to point out that the current precedents have the same approach to the freedom of expression in films as they do to that in press, and extend to claim that a new approaching model should be discussed considering the film's different nature: a fictional art. This, I believe, will help to secure the freedom of expression in Korean films, which after all enriches Korean films with diverse subjects and various points of view in looking into history.

자일리톨 섭취에 따른 Streptococcus mutans의 글루칸 생성관련 유전자 발현 억제효과

김지혜,이영은,안상헌,최연희,남순현,송근배 大韓小兒齒科學會 2009 大韓小兒齒科學會誌 Vol.36 No.4

본 연구에서는 장기적인 자일리톨의 섭취가 Streptococcus mutans의 대표적인 독성인자 중 하나인 글루칸 생성에 미치는 영향을 알아보기 위하여 글루칸 합성효소인 glucosyltansferase의 mRNA 발현을 실시간 역전사 중합효소 연쇄반응을 통해 평가하여 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 1. 24개월 동안 자일리톨껌을 섭취한 군에서 타액 내 Streptococcus mutans의 colony 수는 통계적으로 유의하게 감소하였다(p<0.05). 2. 비수용성 글루칸 합성에 관여하는 유전자인 gtfB, gtfC의 발현은 자일리톨껌을 섭취한 군에서 시간이 지남에 따라 유의 하게 감소하였다(p<0.05). 특히 gtfB의 발현은 12개월과 24개월째 대조군에 비하여 통계적으로 유의하게 낮았고, gtfC의 발현은 24개월째 대조군에 비하여 통계적으로 유의하게 낮았다(p<0.05). 3. 수용성 글루칸 합성에 관여하는 유전자인 gtfD의 발현 역시 자일리톨껌을 섭취한 군에서 시간이 지남에 따라 유의하게 감소하였다(p<0.05). 또한 gtfD의 발현은 12개월과 24개월째 대조군에 비하여 통계적으로 유의하게 낮았다(p<0.05). 이상의 결과들을 종합해 보았을 때, 자일리톨의 섭취는 구강 내 Streptococcus mutans의 글루칸 합성 관련 유전자들의 발현을 억제시킴으로써 Streptococcus mutans의 수적인 감소를 가져오는 것으로 생각된다. Xylitol has the ability to reduce the adherence of Streptococcus mutans(S. mutans), which can make it easier to remove plaque, decrease acid production and inhibit dental caries. There are few reports on the effects of xylitol on the expression of the virulence related genes in S. mutans. This study examined the inhibitory effect of chewing gum containing xylitol on glucan synthesis related gene expression of S. mutans. Participants were voluntarily recruited for a women's oral health prevention program, classified into two groups(a control and a xylitol group), and then followed for 2 years. Twenty salivary samples were randomly selected from each group. Colony count and real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction were used to analyze the characteristics of S. mutans. The following results were obtained: The S. mutans counts decreased steadily in the xylitol group over the study period(p<0.05). The expression of the virulence related genes (gtfB, gtfC and gtfD) was significantly lower in the xylitol group than in the control groups (p<0.05). In conclusion, these results suggest that chewing xylitol gum for a long period of time may reduce the expression of the genes associated with S. mutans virulence, which can result in a decrease growth of S. mutans colonies as a result.

학교보건교육에서의 매체활용실태 및 영향요인 분석

박은옥,안지영,정혜선,김영임,박정영 韓國學校保健學會 1999 韓國學校保健學會誌 Vol.12 No.2

The objectives of this study are to explain the use of media materials in school health education with other related factors in elementary, middle, and high schools in Korea. The data were collected by questionnaires from June to September in 1988. The number of subjects were 294 school nurses. The PC-SAS program was used for statistical analysis such as percent distribution, chi-squared test, spearman correlation test, and logistic regression. The use of media materials in health education has become extremely common. Unfortunately, much of the early materials were of poor production quality, reflected low levels of interest, and generally did little to enhance health education programming. A recent trend in media materials is a move away from the fact filled production to a more affective, process-oriented approach. There is an obvious need for health educators to use high-quality, polished productions in order to counteract the same levels of quality used by commercial agencies that often promote "unhealthy" lifestyles. Health educators need to be aware of the advantages and disadvantages of the various forms of media. Selecting media materials should be based on more than cost, availability, and personal preference. Selection should be based on the goal of achieving behavioral objectives formulated before the review process begins. The decision to use no media materials rather than something of dubious quality will usually be the right decision. Poor-quality, outdated, or boring materials will usually have a detrimental effect on the presentation. Media materials should be viewed as vehicles to enhance learning, not products that will stand in isolation. Process of materials is an essential part of the educational process. The major results were as follows:1. The elementary schools used the materials more frequently. But the production rate of media materials was not enough. The budget was too small for a wide use of media materials in school health education. These findings suggest that all schools have to increase the budget of health education programs. 2. Computers offer an incredibly diverse set of possibilities for use in health education, ranging from complicated statistical analysis to elementary-school-level health education games. But the use rate of this material was not high. The development of related software is essential. 3. In this study, the most effective materials were films in elementary school and videotapes in middle and high school. Film tends to be a more emotive medium than videotape. The difficulties of media selection involved the small amount of extant educational materials. Media selection is a multifaceted process and should be based on a combination of sound principles. 4. The review of material use following student levels showed that the more the contents were various, the more the use rate was high. 5. Health education videotapes and overhead projectors proved the most plentiful and widest media tools. The information depicted was more likely to be current. As a means to display both text and graphic information, this instructional medium has proven to be both effective and enduring. 6. An analysis of how effective the quality of school nurse and school use of media materials shows a result that is not complete)p=0.1113). But, the budget of health education is a significant variable. The increase of the budget therefore is essential to effective use of media materials. From these results it is recommended that various media materials be developed and be wide used.

Dibucaine-금속 요오드 착물을 이온교환체로서 이용한 Dibucaine의 정량

최현영,이지연,허문회,안문규 慶星大學校 1998 論文集 Vol.19 No.1

Dibucaine-selective poly(vinyl chloride) menbrance electrodes were designed based on ion-association complex between dibucaine and metal iodide complex such as H??, Bil?? and CdI??. Stable potentiometric response was obtained with Meyer reagent at pH 3.0-5.5, with Dragendorff reagent at pH 3.0-5.0 and with Marume reagent at pH 3.0-5.5. The best plasticizer was 49 w/w% acetyl-tri-n-butly critrate for Meyer reagent, 65.3 w.w% for Marume reagent. The electrodes exhibited a linear response based on Meyer, Dragendorff and Marume complex were the concentration range of 2×10?4×10?M ,2×10×4×10?M, 2×10?1×10?M,respectively. The potentiometric response slope of optimized membrane electrodes based on Meyer, Dragendorff and Marume complex for dibucaine were 56.12,57.81 and 56.45?? with relative standard deviation of 2.75, 2.29 and 1.96%, respectively. This ISE methods are found to be sensitive, rapid, fairly accurate and are able to be empolyed successfully for the determination of dibucaine preparations.

2,2' -디히드록시설포 아조메친 유도체에 의한 알미늄 및 갈륨의 형광 정량

이종원,이지연,허문회,안문규 慶星大學校 1998 論文集 Vol.19 No.2

Four azomethine dyes were synthesized in order to get excellent fluorescent reagent having hydroxyl and sulfo substituents. They are 2-hydroxy-3-sulfo-5chloroaniline-N-salicylidene(Ⅰ), 2-hydroxy-3-sulfo-5chloroaniline-N-2, 4-dihydroxybenzylidene (Ⅱ), 2-hydroxy-5-sulfoaniline-N-salicylidene(Ⅲ) and 2-hydroxy-5-sulfoaniline-N-2, 4-dihydroxybenzylidene(Ⅳ). These compounds react with aluminum and gallium in an aqueous dimethyl-formamide solution to form fluorescent 1:1 (metal-azomethine) complexes. Several conditions, such as the pH of the solution, the reagent concentration, the time of standing and fluoresence characteristics cincellar media were investigated. the maxium fluorescence intensity of the aluminum complex was found at pH 6 (heated for 10 min, at 50℃), and the gallium complex was at pH 4. The fluorescence was stable at least for 2 hours by using 2-hydroxy-5sulfoanilin-2-, 4-dihydroxybenzylidene in Triton X-100 media, 0.1∼4 ㎍ of aluminum and 0.5∼30 ㎍ of gallium in 25 mL solution could be determined. Ni(Ⅱ), Cu(Ⅱ), Fe(Ⅱ), Mg(Ⅱ), and Zn(Ⅱ) ions interfered with the determination. On the other hand, the effect of surfactants on the fluorescence characteristics in Triton X series media show a remarkable enhancement of fluorescence intensity as compared with that of azomethine complexes in aqueous media.

LLCE법에 의한 천연산 은어의 휘발성 향기성분 분석

김훈,조우진,안준석,조두희,김지혜,차용준 창원대학교 생활과학연구소 2003 생활과학연구 Vol.- No.7

The volatile compounds in natural sweet smelt were analyzed by liquid liquid continuous extraction/gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (LLCE/GC/MS) methods. A total of 64 compounds were detected in sample, and these were mainly composed of lipid oxidative compounds such as aldehydes, ketones, alcohols, acids and hydrocarbons besides terpens and aromatic compounds. Among these, 9-carbon compounds including (E)-2-nonenal, (E,Z)-2,6-nonadienal and (E,Z)-3,6-nonadien-1-ol were suspected to have a key role on odor of natural sweet smelt because these compounds have low odor threshold and water melon-like and melon-like odor, characteristic odor in sweet smelt.

플라비아닌산을 이용한 클로르프마진의 용매추출 분광광도법

정문모,남수자,이미나,이지연,허문회,안문규 慶星大學校 1998 論文集 Vol.19 No.2

국내에서 분리된 Extended-Spectrum β-Lactamase 생성 Escherichia coli와 Klebsiella pneumoniae의 빈도 및 유형

홍성근,김선주,정성훈,장철훈,조성란,안지영,신종희,이혜수,송원근,어영,염종화,용동은,이경원,정윤섭 대한임상미샐물학회 2003 Annals of clinical microbiology Vol.6 No.2