A selective cyclin-dependent kinase 4, 6 dual inhibitor, Ribociclib (LEE011) inhibits cell proliferation and induces apoptosis in aggressive thyroid cancer

Lee, Hyun Joo,Lee, Woo Kyung,Kang, Chan Woo,Ku, Cheol Ryong,Cho, Yoon Hee,Lee, Eun Jig Elsevier 2018 Cancer letters Vol.417 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>The RB-E2F1 pathway is an important mechanism of cell-cycle control, and deregulation of this pathway is one of the key factors contributing to tumorigenesis. Cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs) and Cyclin D have been known to increase in aggressive thyroid cancer. However, there has been no study to investigate effects of a selective CDK 4/6 inhibitor, Ribociclib (LEE011), in thyroid cancer. Performing Western blotting, we found that RB phosphorylation and the expression of Cyclin D are significantly higher in papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) cell lines as well as anaplastic thyroid cancer (ATC) cell lines, compared with normal thyroid cell line and follicular thyroid cancer cell line. LEE011 dose-dependently inhibited RB phosphorylation and also decreased the expressions of its target genes such as <I>FOXM1, Cyclin A1,</I> and <I>Myc</I> in ATC. Furthermore, LEE011 induced cell cycle arrest in G0-G1 phase and cell apoptosis, and inhibited cell proliferation in ATC. Consistently, oral administration of LEE011 to ATC xenograft models strongly inhibited tumor growth with decreased expressions of pRB, pAKT and Ki-67, and also significantly increased tumor cell apoptosis. Taken together, our data support the rationale for clinical development of the CDK4/6 inhibitor as a therapy for patients with aggressive thyroid cancer.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> pRB and Cyclin D were expressed high in aggressive thyroid cancer. </LI> <LI> LEE011 suppressed pRB and also decreased the expressions of its target genes in ATC. </LI> <LI> LEE011 induced cell cycle G1 arrest and apoptosis, and inhibited cell proliferation. </LI> <LI> LEE011 inhibited in vivo tumor growth with decreased expressions of pRB and Ki-67. </LI> <LI> We could explain the anticancer effects with the RB-E2F pathway. </LI> </UL> </P>

GO-62 : Lower extremity edema in patients with endometrial cancer

( Myong Cheol Lim ),( Jeong Seon Lee ),( Jung Nam Joo ),( Sang Soo Seo ),( Sok Bom Kang ),( Sang Yoon Park ) 대한산부인과학회 2012 대한산부인과학회 학술대회 Vol.99 No.-

The objective of this study was to investigate clinical manifestations of lower extremity edema (LEE) in endometrial cancer Medical records for LEE and/or responses to the Gynecologic Cancer Lymphedema Questionnaire (GCLQ) were evaluated in 177 patients with endometrial cancer Patients had a median age of 53 years. Sixty-seven patients (37.9%) had past (9 patients, 13.4%) and/or current patient-reported LEE (58 patients, 86.6%). Symptoms reported on the GCLQ in over 20% of respondents were swelling, numbness, aching , and heaviness. GCLQ total symptoms score was significantly higher in patients with current LEE. Most of the LEE (43/67, 64.2%) developed within 12 months after surgery and LEE lasted more than 6 months in most patients (56/59, 94.9%) Prospective clinical trials are needed to know the clinical significance, impact on quality of life, and preventive strategy of LEE in patients with endometrial cancer

철갑소이탄에 의한 전투시스템 내 적재포탄의 순간화재에 관한 전산해석

이승철(Lee, Seung-Cheol),전우철(Jeon, U-Cheol),이해평(Lee, Hae-Pyeong),이헌주(Lee, Heon-Ju) 한국화재소방학회 2013 한국화재소방학회 학술대회 논문집 Vol.2013 No.추계

본 연구에서는 철갑소이탄이 장갑을 관통한 후 전투시스템 내의 적재포탄(고폭탄 또는 추진제)에 피탄되었을 때 순간화재 발생확률에 대해 전산해석을 수행하였다. 장갑은 RHA 재질로 설정하였고, 장갑 두께를 5~30 mm까지 5 mm씩 증가시키며 전산해석을 실시하였다. 고폭탄은 COMPB, TNT, PBX가 사용되었으며 추진제는 ANB가 사용되었다. 본 해석은 Autodyn 프로그램을 사용하였으며, 순간화재 발생 여부를 해석하기 위해 Lee-Tarver ignition and growth model을 사용하였다. 해석 결과, 철갑소이탄이 고폭탄 TNT와 PBX에 피탄되었을 때, 순간화재 발생확률이 모두 100%를 나타내었으며, 고폭탄 COMPB의 경우, 0.8~0.08%로 나타났다. 추진제 ANB의 순간화재 발생확률은 3.8~3.6%로 나타났다.

全秉薰의 天人合一 思想

이근철(Lee Geun-Cheol) 한국도교문화학회 2009 道敎文化硏究 Vol.31 No.-

老子가 말하는 天人合一은 儒家와 다른 차원으로서 자연의 법칙과 조화를 이룬, 인간과 자연이 合一된 경지를 말한다. 이와 같은 경지에 도달하면 백성을 다스림에 있어서도 자연스럽고 조화로운 정치를 해야 한다는 것이다. 莊子는 天人合一을 이룬 聖人이 살았던 至德의 세상에서는 만물이 모두 평등했으나 각자의 욕망에 따라 살게 되면서 사회가 혼란해졌으므로 임금이 無爲의 정치를 할 때 백성들의 본성이 되살아난다고 보았다. 道敎 內丹家의 天人合一은 내단 수련의 단계에서 煉神還虛에 해당한다고 볼 수 있는데, 어린아이와 같은 모습으로 돌아가는 ‘逆煉返本’을 그리고 있다. 그러나 개인적 修養에 치우친 나머지 사회 구제에 대한 관심을 소홀히 하였다. 그리고 全秉薰의 天人合一 思想은 ?精神哲學通編?의 1卷 精神哲學에 속하는 「天符經 註解」와 「精神運用哲理」에 주로 나타나 있다. 특히 「天符經註解」에서는 ?天符經? 81字 중에서 ‘五七一妙衍 萬往萬來 用變不動本 本心本太陽昻明 人中天地一一終’에 해당하는 부분에 대한 주해를 하면서, 「精神運用哲理」에서는 內丹 修練의 과정 중에서 ‘煉神還虛ㆍ合天成眞’의 경지에 대한 설명을 하면서 天人合一과 兼聖을 말하고 있다. 여기서 그는 陽神ㆍ出胎하여 太虛와 하나가 되고, 神氣가 天地를 가득 채워 하늘과 더불어 長久한 세월을 보낼 수 있는 煉神還虛ㆍ合天成眞의 경지를 天人合一로 보았다. 그러나 그는 還虛라고 하여 모든 세속을 초탈하는 것이 아니라 사사로움을 떠나 더 큰 公德을 이루어야 한다고 보고, 合天이라 하여 세상을 떠나 하늘과 합하는 것이 아니라 하늘의 뜻을 세상에 실천해야 한다고 보아, 진정한 天人合一은 兼聖을 통해 이루어진다고 보았다. The theory of Heaven-Man Unity said by Lao-tzu is different from that of Confucianist and suggests the stage in which nature and human beings are united. According to the theory, When a man attains this stage, he/she should govern his/her people naturally and harmoniously with surroundings. Chuang-tzu thought that all things under the sun are equal in the world of knowledge and virtue, where sages who attain the stage of Heaven-Man Unity live. According to Chuang-tzu, however, the world becomes confused as people live just to satisfy his desires and in this circumstances, the original nature of people could be revived only when a king leaves the world as it is. When Nae-Dan-Ga of taoism says the stage of Heaven-Man Unity, this stage corresponds with Yeon-Sin-Hwan-Heo(煉神還虛), a stage in Nae-Dan trainings, and describes Yeok-Yeon-Ban-Bon(逆煉返本) which means a man's returning to a child. But taoism mainly focuses on self-improvement and pays little attention to social relief. Jeon Byung-Hoon's theory of Heaven-Man Unity is mainly described in the 「Cheon-Bu-Kyeong Ju-Hae」 and the 「Jeong-Sin Woon-yong Cheol-ri」 which are written about Jeong-Sin philosophy and parts of the first volume of the ?Jeong-Sin Cheol-Hak Tong-pyun?. In 「Cheon-Bu-Kyeong Ju-Hae」, his ideas are especially described in 'O-Chil-Il-Myo-Yeon(五七一妙衍) Man-Wang-Man-Rae(萬往萬來) Yong-Byun-Bu-Dong-Bon(用變不動本) Bon-Sim-Bon-Tae-Yang-Ang-Myung(本心本太陽昻明) In-Joong-Chung-Ji-Il-Il-Jong(人中天地一一終)' that are parts of 81 letters in ?Cheon-Bu-Kyeong?. In 「Jeong-Sin Woon-yong Cheol-ri」, his thoughts are described in the explanation about the stage of 'Yeon-Sin-Hwan -Heo(煉神還虛)ㆍHap-Cheon-Seong-Jin(合天成眞)' which are parts of Nae-Dan's training. Jeon Byung-Hoon considers the stage of 'Yeon-Sin-Hwan-HeoㆍHap-Cheon-Seong-Jin' as Heaven-Man Unity. In the stage, Human beings attain the level of 'Yang-Sin(陽神)ㆍChul-Tae(出胎)' and are united with Tae-Heo(太虛). As a result, Sin-Gi(神氣) fills in the heaven and the earth and human beings can live long period of time with the heaven. But he adds the word, Hwan-Heo(還虛), and this reavires that human beings should accumulate publics can ous deeds and ht rise above the ways of the world. Also he says 'Hap-Cheon(合天)' and this reavires that human beings should not keep aloof from the world to be united with heaven, but should practice the will of heaven to the world. Through these thoughts, he argues that true stage of Haeven-Man Unity could be attained through 'Gyum-Sung(兼聖)'

소음인(少陰人) 태음병(太陰病) 심하비증(心下?證)의 병증약리(病證藥理) 고찰

서영광,이지원,이준희,최원철,이의주,고병희,Seo, Young-Kwang,Lee, Ji-Won,Lee, Jun-Hee,Choi, Won-Cheol,Lee, Eui-Ju,Kho, Byung-Hee 사상체질의학회 2010 사상체질의학회지 Vol.22 No.3

1. Objective: Gastric Stuffiness (心下?證) in the Soeumin Taeeum symptomatology (少陰人 太陰病) in Sasang Constitutional Medicine shows an interesting evolutionary process. Originally found in the texts of Sanghanlun (傷寒論), the perspectives regarding the symptoms of Gastric Stuffiness were expanded by many medical scholars and Lee Jema. To comprehend the Jema's concept of Taeeum symptomatology and utilize his prescription clinically, it deserves to study on the Gastric Stuffiness in Donguisuseowon (東醫壽世保元). 2. Methods: Many texts including Sanghanlun (傷寒論) and Dongeuibogam (東醫寶鑑) were reviewed in order to track the evolutionary process concerning the symptoms of Gastric Stuffiness. Also, Lee Jema's works including the different versions of Donguisuseowon (東醫壽世保元) were reviewed to examine the development of Lee's concepts regarding the Gastric Stuffiness in the Soeumin Taeeum symptomatology. 3. Results and Conclusions: 1) Most of the previous concepts on Gastric Stuffiness were generally similar to those found in Sanghanlun, especially in that they addressed Yang deficiency of the middle triple energizeer as the central pathogenic process. 2) Lee Jema's views on the epigastric discomfort in the Soeumin Taeeum symptomatology evoloved over time and culminated in the finalized pathology and therapeutics appearing in his last work, the Shinchuk version of Donguisuseowon (東醫壽世保元). 3) 4 kinds of prescription which invented by Lee Jema to treat the Gastric Stuffiness in the Soeumin Taeeum symptomatology can be matched to the prescription of Sanghanlun respectively. However through evolutionary process of Jema's prescriptions, the indication of them expanded: not only to treat Gastric Stuffiness but to diverse symptoms of Soeumin.

부산·울산·경남지역 직업병 감시체계

김정일,김병권,김정원,채창호,이철호,강동묵,김지홍,김진하,김영욱,이영하,이지호,김정호,윤형렬,유철인,정백근,장태원,김운규,윤동영,강진욱,김종은,안진홍,이동준,장준호,이광영,송혜란,최영희,이용환,조병만,최홍렬,고상백,김은아,이유진,홍영습,정갑열,김정만,김준연 大韓産業醫學會 2004 대한직업환경의학회지 Vol.16 No.1

Objective: Occupational medicine specialists in the Busan, Ulsan and Kyung-Nam areas established an area-based occupational disease surveillance system and used this system to collected case information for the purpose of preventing occupational diseases Methods: l l hospital participated in this system. The authors selected five main diseases, which were hand-arm vibration syndrome (HAVS), work-related musculoskeletal disorder (WRMSD), occupational asthma, occupational skin disease and occupational and occupational lung cancer and established their case definitions. All cases were reported on the web, and real time analysis was conducted. Results: Between April 2001 and April 2003, 192 cases of HAVS, 118 cases of WRMSD, 33 cases of occupational asthma, 17 cases of occupational skin disease and 17 cases of occupational lung cancer (for a total of 377 cases of these five main diseases) were reported. most of the HAVS cases came from shipbuilding, and 172 of them (92.7%) were associated with grinding. Of the four main types of WRMSD, carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) was the most prevalent with 46 cases and shipbuilding was also the main industry involved (83.9%). The ergonomic risk factors involved mainly associated with the hand. In 19 (57.6%) and 4 (12.1%) cases of occupational asthma, the agents involved. The causative agents of occupational lung cancer included Cr, welding fume, PAH, Ni, etc. 10(58.8%) of the cases were diagnosed as squamous cell carcinoma and 5(29.4%) as adenoma. Conclusion: This result showed that an area-based occupational disease surveillance system might provide an effective method of evaluating the prevalence of such diseases, however the Busan, Ulsan and Kyung-Nam provinces are too large to be treated as individual areas. Therefore, the authors suggest that each province should establish its own surveillance system.

Elastic Lateral Drift of Haunch Repaired Steel Moment-Resisting Frames

Lee, Cheol-ho 경남대학교 신소재연구소 1996 論文集 Vol.7 No.-

최근에 수행된 철골 보-기둥 부분골조의 정적/동적 실물대실험(full-scale test) 결과에 의하면 보의 하부에 헌치를 추가하여 보강하는 방안이 철골멘트골조의 내진성능의 향상에 매우 효과적임이 밝혀지고 있다. 그러나 헌치 보강 구조물의 시스템거동이나 헌기보강에 따른 부차효과에 대해서는 현재 잘 알려져 있지 않다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 헌치보강이 철골모멘트골조의 탄성횡강성에 미치는 영향을 평가할 수 잇는 해석적 방안을 제시하였다. 즉 고전적 포탈법의 가정에 의해 얻어지는 내부의 보-기둥 부분골조를 대상으로 하여 기둥, 보 및 이중패널존에서 기인하는 각각의 탄성 횡변위성분 산정식을 해석적으로 유도하였다. 본 유도와 관련하여 핵심이 되는 것은 이중패널존의 전단병형에서 기인하는 횡변위성분을 산정하는 것으로서 필자가 최근에 제시한 이중패널존의 해석적 모형화 방안(Lee-Uang 1997)에 기초하고 있다. 본 연구의 결과는 아직 잘 밝혀지지 않은 헌치보강에 따른 부차효과의 파악 및 탄성 횡강성 증가를 신속하게 예측하는데 유용하게 사용될 수 있다. Recent test results of steel moment connections repaired with a haunch on the bottom side of the beam have been shown to be a very promising solution to enhancing the seismic performance of steel moment-resisting frames (steel MRFs). Yet. little is known about the overall seismic performance of haunch repaired structures and possible side effects arising from the haunch reinforcement. This repair scheme will also accompany the increase of lateral stiffness of the structure by some amounts due to the increased stiffness of the beam-column connection. In this paper, an approximate analytical formulation was sought to quantify the effects of haunch reinforcement on the elastic lateral drift of steel MRFs. The lateral drift component coming from the dual panel zone flexibility was formulated based on the analytical modeling procedure recently proposed by the author (Lee-Uang 1997). This formulation was among the most significant consideration in this study. The derived results can help engineers in understanding possible side effects arising from the haunch reinforcement and can also be used as a useful aid in the preliminary drift design.

원문 : 크레아틴-중탄산나트륨의 복합투여가 암-에르고미터 운동수행력에 미치는 영향

이철원 ( Cheol Won Lee ) 한국운동생리학회(구 한국운동과학회) 2014 운동과학 Vol.23 No.3

이철원. 크레아틴-중탄산나트륨의 복합투여가 암-에르고미터 운동수행력에 미치는 영향. 운동과학, 제23권 제3호. 257-266 2014. 본 연구는 크레아틴, 중탄산나트륨, 그리고 크레아틴과 중탄산나트륨의 복합투여가 암-에르고미터(arm-ergometer)를 이용한 상지 근기능에 미치는 효과를 알아보기 위해 경기도 소재 Y대학교 체육계열 남·여학생 17명을 대상으로 실시하였다. 무선추출법을 통해 크레아틴 투여집단(n=7), 중탄산나트륨 투여집단(n=5), 크레아틴과 중탄산나트륨의 복합투여집단(n=5), 총 3 집단으로 나누어 암-에르고미터를 이용한 상지 근기능 사전검사(pre-test) 후 집단별 로딩(loading)이 완료된 5일 후 사후검사(post-test)를 동일하게 실시하였다. 자료처리는 통계패키지 SPSS Ver. 12.0을 이용하여 모든 변인의 측정결과를 평균과 표준편차로 산출하고, 집단 및 시기 차이에 대한 주효과검정과 집단과 상호작용효과를 알아보기 위해 반복측정에 의한 이원변량분석 (Two-way repeated measured ANOVA)을 실시하였으며, 모든 통계적 유의수준은 p<.05로 설정하였다. 본 연구의 결과 암-에르고미터를 통한 검사 항목에서 최고 파워, 피로지수, 체중당 피크파워, 안정시 젖산농도 등에서 시기에 따른 유의한 차를 나타내었으나, 집단 간 유의한 차이는 나타나지 않았다. 결론적으로, 크레아틴과 중탄산나트륨 그리고 크레아틴과 중탄산나트륨의 복합투여는 암-에르고미터를 이용한 상지 운동수행력에 긍정적인 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났으나, 복합투여의 우수성은 나타나지 않았다. Lee, Cheol-Won. The Effect of Combined Creatine and Sodium Bicarbonate Supplementation on Arm Ergometer Performance. Exercise Science. 23(3): 257-266, 2014. The purpose of this study was to assess the effects of creatine, sodium bicarbonate and combined creatine and sodium bicarbonate supplementation on upper limbs with arm-ergometer. Seventeen students majoring in physical education were randomly assigned to 3 groups [creatine (n=7), sodium bicarbonate (n=5), creatine & sodium bicarbonate (n=5)]. Pre-test consisted of muscular function of upper limbs with arm-ergometer and after 5 days later for creatine and sodium bicarbonate loading, post-test was processed with the same way as pre-test. Statistical analysis was performed by two-way repeated measured ANOVA for intervention. Significance was accepted at p<.05. The following results were obtained from this study. Peak power, fatigue index, peak power/kg and peak attainment time of arm-ergometer test were significantly (p<.05) increased by time but no difference among the groups. In conclusion, creatine, sodium bicarbonate and combined creatine & sodium bicarbonate supplementation favorably affected muscular function of upper limbs with arm-ergometer but there were no significant difference among the groups.

『사랑이 뭐길래』에 나타난 가족의 의미

이철우(Lee Cheol-woo) 고려대학교 한국학연구소 2005 한국학연구 Vol.22 No.-

김수현의 『사랑이 뭐길래』는 대단한 인기를 끈 가정드라마이다. 구도를 명확하게 처리하고 개성적인 인물을 배치하여 드라마는 극적 재미를 높였다. 이질적인 두 집안을 배경으로 대발과 지은의 결혼과 문화교류를 통해 세대 간의 극복과 화합을 그려낸다. 민주적이고 자유분방한 박이사 집안과 남성위주의 권위적인 이사장 집안을 중심으로 세대와 계층의 모습을 통해 현대 사회의 가치관 혼란과 극복을 에피소드를 중심으로 풀어낸다. 두 집안은 각기 나름대로의 질서로 집안을 유지하지만 결국 상대방의 문화를 이해하고 받아들이면서 변모해간다. 가족의 의미 역시 어느 한 편으로 기우는 것이 아니라 장단점을 고루 그려내면서 합리적인 대안을 모색하고자 한다. 그리고 이런 관점이 가장 분명하게 드러나는 것이 결혼관이다. 결국 결혼이라는 제도를 통해 문화의 이질성을 극복하고 발전적인 방향으로 나아가는 셈이다. 제목인 『사랑이 뭐길래』는 바로 이렇게 모든 것을 덮어 버리고 만드는 힘으로 설정된다. 하지만 등장인물들의 성격이 일관되게 표현되지 못한 점과 재미에 치중하여 모순을 감싸고 긍정적인 시선만으로 가족을 그려냄으로써 드라마의 가치지향이 보이지 않는 약점을 노출시킨다는 점이 아쉬움으로 남는다. 결국 가족이란 일방적인 희생 없이는 유지되기 어렵다는 작가의 시선은 모순을 안고 살아갈 수밖에 없는 숙명적인 존재들로 가족 구성원을 만드는 셈이다. What is love? is a very popular home drama, writer is Kim, Su-Hyun. She treats the structure very clear ways and posts well individual characters, so she increased the dramatic interest. Comparing with two opposite families, the play can overcome the conflict among different generations ; through the marriage between Dae-Bal and Ji-Eun, the play urges characters to communicate different family culture. By opposing Mr. Park's family with Mr. Lee's Family, She compares their culture and attitude of life. As a representative of company, Mr. Park is very free and democratic character while Mr. Lee is a president of company, but he is male-centered, authoritative character. Their conflict between different family culture becomes a central theme. Through various aspects of different generation and class, the play exposes the confusing values of modern world by showing many episodes. By developing drama, both families gradually change themselves and understand each other, even though they keep their traditional order. The meaning of family is not slided toward one side, it tries to find out a reasonable alternative which can includes good and bad point at the same time. The primary point is their specific views about marriage. Finally they overcome dissimilar culture, go forward more advanced ways with marriage system So the title "What is Love?" can cover every problem and become a main power of live. But the play doesn't show coherent aspects in the personality of characters but focuses on only interest of drama, so it doesn't represent an unique intention or value through the drama, that will be a fault. After all the members of family must endure sacrifice to keep their union, so that they have to embrace their fortune and irony of life. The writer's view is to make the members of family as fortunate characters in the modern world.

한국재래흑염소에서 발정 및 과배란 유도와 외래유전자 주입에 적합한 1세포기 수정란의 채취

신상태,이두환,김명철,이운규,이철상,한용만,이경광 충남대학교 수의과대학 동물의과학연구소 1998 動物醫科學硏究誌 Vol.6 No.-

Three different treatments for induction of estrus in Korean native black goats were compared: follicle stimulating hormone(FSH, FSH-p^TM), FSH combined with MAP(intravaginal impregnated sponges, Veramix^ⓡ, containing 60 ㎎ medroxy progesterone acetate for 14 days), and FSH combined with progesterone(Ovaron^ⓡ, 10 ㎎ IM for 10 days) and PGF_2α(Lutalyse^ⓡ, 3 ㎎ IM at first FSH injection). FSH for inducing estrus and superovulation was given a total 20 ㎎ intramuscularilly in decreasing dosage injections twice daily over 4 days. The MAPs were withdrawn at the 3rd day of FSH injection. Estrus observations were conducted every 6 hours from last FSH injection for 24 hours by placing the does with fertile male goats. Estrus and superovulation were more successfully induced with treatment of MAP + FSH than other treatments(FSH only, or progesterone + PGF_2α + FSH) (estrus induction; 100 vs 42.8 and 71.4%, ovulation points; 11.4 vs 5.4 and 4.4, respectively). The effect of gonadotropin releasing hormone(GnRH) on the ovulation rate was also examined. However, no difference was observed for inducing ovulation with treatment or dosage(100 ㎍ 200 ㎍) of GnRH. Low midline laparotomies were performed, and then ovarian responses (ovulations and follicular development) were examined by exteriorization of the reproductive tracts. Ova were recovered from oviducts by retrograde flushing 60-146 hours after MAP removal, and were classified the developmental stages. Overall 66.1% (236/357) of recovery rate was obtained from 30 superovulated does. The optimal recovery time of microinjectable 1-cell zygotes was approximately 72-76 hours after MAP removal.