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서울의 Penicillinase Producing Neisseria Gonorrhoeae 발생빈도(1996)
김재홍,황동규,전재홍,김윤석,김중환,김용준,이창균,임동진,김현수,조창근,김경문,박상훈,전우형,김희성,이호정,차명수,김갑형,김형석,김석우,황지환,박병순,권오상,이민수,송기훈,성소영,이인섭,부태성 대한화학요법학회 1999 대한화학요법학회지 Vol.17 No.2
Background : In recent years, gonorrhea has been panedemic and remains one of the most commom STDs in the world, especially in developing countries. Objective & Methods: For the detection of a more effective therapeutic regimen and assessing the prevalence of PPNG, we have been trying to study the patients who have visited the VD Clinic of Choong-Ku Public Health Center in Seoul since 1980 by means of the chromogenic cephalosporin method. Results: In 1996, 139 strains of N. gonorrhoeae were isolated, among which 53(39.0%) were PPNG. Conclusion: Our results suggests that after a peak of 74.3% in 1993, the prevalence of PPNG in Seoul is gradually declining.
권영희 ( Young He Kwon ) 단국대학교 정책과학연구소 2010 정책과학연구 Vol.19 No.2
해방 후 과도한 인구 증가가 국가의 부채이자 짐으로 생각되어 한국의 가족 정책은 산아 제한을 통한 계량적인 GNP를 올리는 정책을 중심에 두었다. 이 연구는 이런 정책이 어떻게 진전되어 왔으며 그 과정에서 가족의 기능과 구조가 어떻게 변화 되어 왔으며 무엇이 문제인지를 논하였다· 그런 과정에서 얻은 결론은 가족 구성원의 복지를 증진 시킬 수 있는 핵심적인 사회적도가 가족임을 명백히 하였다· 나아가 가족 정책은 자녀와 부모 그리고 가족을 유지하기 위한 대책이어야 한다는 점도 명백히 하였다. 아울러 가족의 정상적 복지기능이 존재하여야 사회적 욕구와 문제를 해결할 수 있다는 점을 중심으로 정부가 시행하고자 하는 건강가정 육성 방안에 나타난 정책 대안에 관하여 논하였다. 한국의 가족 형태와 기능이 급속도로 변하고 있으므로 이에 대한 복지정책을 마련하여야 되는데 그 핵심은 결손가족과 가출의 예방, 가족 부조제, 가족상담 및 부녀자의 복지 증진을 획기적으로 증진 시켜야 된다는 점을 이끌어 내었다. After the liberation of Korea from Japan, Korea has kept a policy of reducing population by birth control because population growth was a big burden on national economy. This thesis focuses on the analysis of how government policy was handled and how that process impacted the function and structure of family. This thesis also tries to reveal the problems caused by the government policy. In this thesis, regarding the decrease of population and the welfare of children and the elders, I have proposed following points. First, we must try our best to not to destroy traditional function and relationship of family. Second, government must establish legal and social system to support the poor families for child care. Third, I proposed ideas for policy to support the run away children, the children who committed crimes, and the single parents. Fourth, nursery schools and kindergartens have been available only for the middle class and higher families. Government must help the poor families to be able to use those facilities. Fifth, government must enlarge social security and welfare services for the elders. Especially, the poor elders need government support. Family structure is the most important and effective social unit which can secure and improve the happiness and welfare of family members. Therefore, the main focus of government``s family policy must be centered on the maintaining of healthy family structure in the society. And government must try its best to care and support the poor families and the children and elders without family so that they can also enjoy their lives like the people with family do.
( Dae Won Jun ),( Byung Ik Kim ),( Yong Kyun Cho ),( Hong Ju Kim ),( Young Oh Kwon ),( Soo Young Park ),( Sang Young Han ),( Yang Hyun Baek ),( Yong Jin Jung ),( Hwi Young Kim ),( Won Kim ),( Jeong He 대한간학회 2013 Clinical and Molecular Hepatology(대한간학회지) Vol.19 No.2
Background/Aims: Carnitine and vitamin complex (Godex®) is widely used in patients with chronic liver disease who show elevated liver enzyme in South Korea. The purpose of this study is to identify the efficacy and safety of carnitine from entecavir combination therapy in Alanine aminotransferase (ALT) elevated Chronic Hepatitis B (CHB) patients. Methods: 130 treatment-na?ve patients with CHB were enrolled from 13 sites. The patients were randomly selected to the entecavir and the complex of entecavir and carnitine. The primary endpoint of the study is ALT normalization level after 12 months. Results: Among the 130 patients, 119 patients completed the study treatment. The ALT normalization at 3 months was 58.9% for the monotherapy and 95.2% for the combination therapy (P<0.0001). ALT normalization rate at 12 months was 85.7% for the monotherapy and 100% for the combination group (P=0.0019). The rate of less than HBV DNA 300 copies/mL at 12 months was not statistically significant (P=0.5318) 75.9% for the monotherapy, 70.7% for the combination and it was. Quantification of HBsAg level was not different from the monotherapy to combination at 12 months. Changes of ELISPOT value to evaluate the INF-Y secretion by HBsAg showed the increasing trend of combination therapy compare to mono-treatment. Conclusions: ALT normalization rate was higher in carnitine complex combination group than entecavir group in CHB. Combination group was faster than entecavir mone-treatment group on ALT normalization rate. HBV DNA normalization rate and the serum HBV-DNA level were not changed by camitine complex treatment.
Kwon, Sun-Bang,Huh, Yang-Hun,Yang, He-Young 한국곤충학회 1999 Entomological Research Vol.29 No.1
We examined the ultrastructure of postmeiotic eupyrene spermiogenesis of Helicoverpa assulta males, emphasing the structural differentiation of mitochondrial derivatives (MDs). As spermatids begin to elongate, nebenkern become divided into two unequal sized MDs. As spermiogenesis progresses, MDs go through dynamic structural differentiation and elongate along most of the length of the spermatid. They are spiral in shape, and run parallel to the axial filament. The manchette is formed around the MDs and cristae exist in the matrix of MDs. Reticular appendage becomes visible on the plasma membrane whereas most of the cytoplasm disappears. Mature sperm consist of electron-dense MDs, reticular appendage, lacinate appendages, and have the 9 + 9 + 2 pattern of microtubules in axial filament. Accessory tubules of axial filament have a high electron density. The manchette and cristae are no longer apparent. Sperm that exist in the vas deferens, after being released from testis, lack lacinate appendages but do retain the reticular appendage, and they acquire a thick crescent shaped coat.
Predicting idiopathic toxicity of cisplatin by a pharmacometabonomic approach
Kwon, Hyuk Nam,Kim, Mina,Wen, He,Kang, Sunmi,Yang, Hye-ji,Choi, Myung-Joo,Lee, Hee Seung,Choi, DalWoong,Park, In Suh,Suh, Young Ju,Hong, Soon-Sun,Park, Sunghyouk International Society of Nephrology 2011 Kidney international Vol.79 No.5
Cisplatin has been one of the most widely used anticancer agents, but its nephrotoxicity remains a dose-limiting complication. Here, we evaluated the idiopathic nature and the predose prediction of cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity using a nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR)-based pharmacometabonomic approach. Cisplatin produced serious toxic responses in some animals (toxic group), but had little effect in others (nontoxic group), as judged by hematological and histological results. The individual metabolic profiles, assessed by urine NMR spectra, showed large differences between the post-administration profiles of the two groups, indicating the relevance of the NMR approach. Importantly, multivariate analysis of the NMR data showed that the toxic and nontoxic groups can be differentiated based on the pretreatment metabolite profiles. Leave-one-out analysis, performed to evaluate the practical performance of our approach, gave a 66% accuracy rate in predicting toxic responses based on the pretreatment metabolite profiles. Hence, we provide a working model that can explain the idiopathic toxicity mechanism based on marker metabolites found by NMR analysis consistent with tissue NADH measurements. Thus, a pharmacometabonomic approach using pretreatment metabolite profiles may help expedite personalized chemotherapy of anticancer drugs.
Exploring Smartphone Applications for Effective Mobile-Assisted Language Learning
( He Young Kim ),( Yeon Hee Kwon ) 한국멀티미디어언어교육학회 2012 멀티미디어 언어교육 Vol.15 No.1
The widespread use of smartphones has brought numerous mobile applications to L2 learners, but discussion about its effectiveness has not been settled yet within the field. This study attempts to broaden this discussion by reporting the findings of an in-depth review of 87 ESL mobile apps. Two research questions are addressed to explore this issue: 1) What are the common and distinctive features of smartphone applications? 2) What are the strengths and weaknesses in utilizing present smartphone applications for effective mobile-assisted language learning (MALL)? This study first suggests evaluation criteria designed for mobile-based ESL software. Next, overall features and functions of the selected applications are analyzed in the three categories: ‘content and design’, ‘L2 approaches’ and ‘technology’. The details of the findings are sorted and explained by target language skills. Finally, this study concludes that the ESL apps seem effective in that they provide a personal and learner-centered learning opportunity with ubiquitously accessible and flexible practices. However, they need to be improved by realizing mobility as a more situated, field-dependent, and collaborative form of learning. The effective design and use of ESL mobile applications should continue to be studied in order to suggest the right direction to effective MALL.
He, Jin,Kim, Jae Ri,Lee, Seung Yeoun,Oh, Jinseok,Park, Taesung,Kang, Mee Joo,Kwon, Wooil,Kim, Hongbeom,Kim, Sun-Whe,Cameron, John L.,Wolfgang, Christopher L.,Jang, Jin-Young Wiley (John WileySons) 2017 Journal of hepato-biliary-pancreatic sciences Vol.24 No.8
<P>Conclusion This new staging system has better discriminatory ability in stratifying 5-year OS rates based on a large multinational database.</P>