원격탐사를 위한 병렬계산 기법

김형중,장태정,김희원,김형수,이정문,장순자 강원대학교 석재복합신소재제품연구센터 1996 석재연 논문집 Vol.1 No.-

원격탐사에 사용되는 편미분방정식을 고속으로 풀기 위한 기법을 프로그래밍하고 성능을 향상시킬 수 있는 방법을 제시했다. 미지수가 30만개 이상되는 복소수(non-Hermitian) 행렬의 해를 구하는 프로그램을 작성했다. 이 프로그램은 C와 PVM에 기반을 두고 있다. 수렴속도를 향상시키기 위해 대각 스케일링을 이용했다. 통신속도의 개선을 위해 데이터 압축 기법을 이용했다. 수렴속도를 측정 제시함으로써 실제 문제 적용에 참고할 수 있다. Network-based computing with cluster of personal computers or workstations recently has become an important and successful technique. Network-based computing enables fast computation and resolves short of storage with computers on the desks. Cluster of inexpensive computers offers them aggregated computing power and storage to challenge very large-scale problems. Iterative solvers are used for the large sparse linear systems. Preconditioners accelerate the rate of convergence of the iterative solvers. However, parallelization accelerate the rate of convergence of the iterative solvers. However, parallelization of preconditioners is far from satisfaction so far. Thus, the simplest diagonal scaling is a good alternative for improved convergence and easy parallelization. In order to reduce communication overhead, a data compression technique is considered. Data communication time can be reduced at the cost of convergence rate. MATLAB simulation result is given in this paper. This method is effective to cluster of computers connected through slow networks.

性別 및 年齡에 따른 體格과 體力의 特性과 變化에 關한 縱斷的 硏究Ⅱ : Emphasised on College Men of Department of Physical Education 體育專功 大學生을 中心으로

金尙國,姜東洹,張周鎬,金昇一,徐再均,金耕知,孫斗玉,鮮于攝,崔榮烈,尹宇相,金亨燉,方永鎭,朴英震,柳在忠 慶熙大學校 體育科學大學 1989 體育科學論叢 Vol.- No.2

The purpose of this study was to compare the characteristics, change in physique and physical function of college students majoring physical education and Taekwondo (454 males and 64 females of age groups ranging from 18 to 26). The results are as following: 1. The male group of 23yrs old in physical education showed highest values in 7 items(Weight, Chest Girth, Fore Arm Girth, Thigh Girth, Calf Girth, Scapular Skinfold Thickness and Suprailiac Skinfold Thickness). 2. In the Physical function, the male group of 18yrs old showed highest values in Power, Flexibility, and then 21yrs old at Back Strength, Vital Capacity, and 23yrs old at Grip Strength, and 25yrs old at Blood Pressure, respectively. 3. In the physique, the male group of 22yrs old showed highest values in Weight, Chest Girth, Thigh Girth, Calf Girth, and then 24yrs old Upper Arm Girth, Fore Arm Girth, and 19yrs old at Height, Upper Limb Length, respectively. 4. In Physical Function, the 22yrs old showed highest values in Back Strength, Vital Capacity, and then 23yrs old at Side Step, Trunk Extension, but 18yrs old showed lower Values in Grip Strength, Side Step, Vital Capacity and Blood Pressure. 5. The female group of 22yrs old showed highest values in 8 items(Height, Sitting Height, Waist Girth, Upper Limb Length, Lower Limb Length, Skinfold Thickness), and then 18yrs old at 5 items (Weight, Upper Arm Girth, Fore Arm Girth, Thigh Girth, Calf Girth), respectively. 6. In the physical function, the 22yrs old showed highest Values in Grip strength, Back Strength, Power, 5 Minute Run, and 18yrs old at flexibility, Harvard Step Test, respectively. 7. In the change of the physique for two years(1988-1989) in the male group, majoring Physical education the 22yrs old showed increase in 4 items, and the 20yrs old in 3 items, but 18yrs old showed decrease in 3 items. 8. In the change of the physical function for two years in the male group, the 20yrs old showed increase in 4 items, and the 21, 25, 26yrs old in 3 items, but the 19yrs old showed decrease in 6 items, and 18, 22 yrs old in 5 items, respectively. 9. The change of the physique for two years in all female group, of 18, 19, 20, 21yrs old showed increase in 11 items except Skinfold Thickness. 10. In the change of physical function for two years in female group, the 18yrs old showed increase in 3 items, and then 20yrs old in 5 items, but 19, 22yrs old decreased 12 items, respectively. 11. The highest significant difference in physique between male and female was found in weight(mean Value 17.5%), and the lowest difference was found Thigh Girth, Calf Girth(1,3%), Upper Limb Length, Lower Limb Length(2.5%). 12. The Highest difference in physical function was Strength (mean Value 40%), Vital Capacity (33%), Power(22%), but Lower Trunk Flexion, Foot Balance(3.4%). 13. In the difference of Physique and physical function between physical education major and taekwondo major, the physical education showed higher values in skinfold Thickines (mean Value 16.5%), Weight, Waist Girth(4.7%) and Strength(33%), Endurance(5.6%), but subjects majoring Taekwondo showed higher values in Flexibility and Foot Balance. 14. In all male groups, Waist Girth, Scapular Skinfold Thickness, Back Strength, Sargent Jump, Trunk Extension and Diastolic Blood Pressure were showed a significantly related at 0.001 level.

Benzoate, m-Toluate, Phenol의 Pseudomonas putida에 의한 생분해

김장규,김석형,김태환,이대광,김남기 成均館大學校 科學技術硏究所 1993 論文集 Vol.44 No.1

It this study, basic data were obtained for the treatment of industrial waste water which includes aromatic compounds. Substrate concentrations used were 100ppm, 500ppm, and 1,000pprn and initial pH's were pH6, pH7, and pH8 in order to obtain the optimum conditions for treating benzoate, m-toluate, and phenol by Pseudomonas putida(KCTC 1644). Durations were 20hrs for 100ppm, 40hrs for 500ppm, and 60hrs for 1,000ppm before the static growth of Pseudomonas putida. 100% of 100ppm benzoate(0.31g cell/1) was biodegraded at pH6, pH7, and pH8 before 20hrs, 52.8% of 500ppm at pH8 in 40hrs, and 27.9% of 1,000ppm at pH8 in 60hrs. The best initial pH was pH8 for the biodegradation and the growth of Pseudomonas putida in benzoate medium. For m-toluate, the best initial pH was also pH8. At this pH, 40.6% of 10Dppm(0.31 cell/1), 21.9% of 500ppm, and 14.1% of 1,000ppm m-toluate were biodegraded respectively in limited time. But for phenol, the best initial pH was pH7. At this point, 9.8% of 100ppm(0.218 cell/1), 7.1% of 500ppm, and 4.7% of 1,000ppm phenol were biodegraded respectively. Therefore, the best carbon source in this experiment was benzoate. Pseudomonas putida was also able to biodegrade m-cresol, p-hydroxybenzoic acid, and benzaldehyde.

Effects of Phenytoin and Diazepam on the Seizure Activity in the Cortical Dysplasia Animal Models

Kim, Si-Hyung,Choi, In-Sun,Cho, Jin-Hwa,Park, Eun-Ju,Jang, Il-Sung,Choi, Byung-Ju,Kim, Hyun-Jung,Kim, Young-Jin,Nam, Soon-Hyeun The Korean Academy of Oral Biology 2006 International Journal of Oral Biology Vol.31 No.2

Dysplasia-associated seizure disorders are markedly resistant to pharmacological intervention. Relatively little research has been conducted studying the effects of antiepileptic drugs(AEDs) on seizure activity in a rat model of dysplasia. We have used rats exposed to methylazoxymethanol acetate(MAM) in utero, an animal model featuring nodular heterotopia, to investigate the effects of AEDs in the dysplastic brain. Pilocarpine was used to induce acute seizure in MAM-exposed and age-matched vehicle-injucted control animals. Field potential recordings were used to monitor amplitude and numbers population spikes, and paired pulse inhibition in response to stimulation of commissural pathway. Two commonly used AEDs were tested: diazepam 5, 2.5mg/kg;phenytoin 40, 60mg/kg. Diazepam(DZP) and phenytoin(PHT) reduced the amplitude of population spike in control and MAM-exposed rats. However, the amplitude of population spike was nearly eliminated in control rats as compared to the MAM-exposed rats. Pharmaco-resistance was tested by measuring seizure latencies in awake rats after pilocarpine administration(320mg/kg, i.p.) with and without pretreatment with AEDs. Pre-treatment with PHT 60 mg prolonged seizure latency in control rats, but not in MAM-exposed animals. The main findings of this study are that acute seizures initiated in MAM-exposed rats are relatively resistant to standard AEDs assessed in vivo. These data suggest that animal model with cortical dysplasia can be used to screen the effects of potential AEDs.

녹동균 세포외막 단백질 백신 CFC-1-101의 안정성 및 면역원성 검토 : 임상 제 Ⅰ/Ⅱa상 시험

장인진,김익상,유경상,임동석,김형기,신상구,장우현,박완제,이나경,정상보,안동호,조양제,안보영,이윤하,김영지,남성우,김현수 대한감염학회 1998 감염 Vol.30 No.3

목적 : 제일제당에서는 녹농균의 세포외막 단밸질을 유효성분으로 하는 백신인 CFC-101을 개발하였으며, 동물시험에서 이 백신의 안전성과 유효성을 입증하였다. 본 연구에서는 이 녹농균 백신의 인체에 대한 안전성과 면역원성을 평가하는 동시에 인체 접종시의 최적 투여 용량을 결정하기 위하여 제 I/Ⅱa상 임상시험을 수행하였다. 방법 : 건강한 성인 남자를 피험자로 선별하여 각 용량군에 백신투여자 6명, 위약투여자 2명을 배정하였다. 백신 투여군은 0.25mg, 0.5mg 또는 1.0mg 용량의 녹농균 백신을 7일 간격으로 3회에 걸쳐 근육주사 하였으며, 위약 투여군에게는 세포외막 단백질을 제외한 동일한 성분을 투여하였다. 백신접종 후 국소적 또는 전신적인 반응의 발생여부를 관찰하고, 혈액시료를 체취하여 백신의 역가와 유효성을 검정하였다. 결과 : 녹농균 백신 CFC-101은 모든 접종자에서 양호한 내약성을 보였다. 또한 0.5mg 과 1.0mg 백신 투여군에서는 100%의 항체양전율을 나타내었다. 생성된 항체는 녹농균 세포외막단백질에 특이성을 보였고, 녹농균 감염에 대해 방어효능이 있었다. 결론 : 이와같은 결과로부터 이 녹농균 백신은 인체에 안전하게 투여할 수 있으며, 높은 항체 생성능으로 감염방어 효능을 보이고 0.5mg과 1.0mg이 최적용량인 것으로 판단되었다. Background : We developed a Pseudomonas aeruginosa outer membrane protein(OMP) vaccine CFC-101, and the prophylactic efficacy of which has been demonstrated in animal models. In order to evaluate the safety and immunogenicity of the P. aeruginosa vaccine, we carried out a phase I/Ⅱa clinical trial in healthy male volunteers. Methods : Groups of eight volunteers, including two placebo subjects, were vaccinated intramuscularly with three doses of 0.25, 0.5 or 1.0 mg of the vaccine at one week intervals. Sings of systemic and local reactions observed after vaccination were recorded for each vaccinee for 5 days. Physical examinations were performed on days 0, 1, 7, 8, 14, 15, 21, and 42, and clinical laboratory tests were done on days 0, 3, and 21. Blood samples for assay of serum antibody levels were obtained up to 42 days after the first vaccination. Results : The vaccine was generally well tolerated by all vaccinees, showing no significant side effects. In the three dosage groups, all vaccinees, except one receiving the 0.25 mg dose, showed significant elevation in serum IgG antibody titers against the vaccine proteins, indicating 100% seroconversion in 0.5 and 1.0 mg groups. The human antibodies induced by the vaccine were specific for P. aeruginosa OMPs, as confirmed by western blot analysis and immunoprecipitation assays. The capacity of the human antisera to enhance opsonophagocytic killing activity by polymorphonuclear leukocytes and to confer protection against P. aeruginosa infections indicates that the antibodies elicited by the vaccine have protective efficacy. Conclusion : We conclude that the P. aeruginosa OMP vaccine is safe and effective for human use and its optimal dose to be 0.5 or 1.0 mg.

우관상동맥 개구부 완전 폐쇄가 동반된 대동맥 판상부 협착증 1례

임상현,김종진,김희열,진승원,전희경,노태호,채장성,김재형,홍순조,최규보,윤정섭,김치경 대한순환기학회 2000 Korean Circulation Journal Vol.30 No.4

40세 이하 관상동맥 질환자에서 장기적 임상 관찰

이승욱,정명호,박종철,박형욱,조상희,김원,김계훈,이상현,강경태,조장현,김남호,김건형,안영근,조정관,박종춘,강정채 全南大醫大 2001 전남의대학술지 Vol.37 No.2

가변전송율 MPEG비디오에서 셀 손실이 화질에 미치는 영향과 그 보상기법에 관한 연구

김장형,고희준,최연성,김대영 濟州大學校工科大學産業技術硏究所 1995 尖端技術硏究所論文集 Vol.6 No.-

The output from the video codec, such as MPEG or H.261, consist of macroblocks into ATM cells, when depend on whether or not part of an uncompleted macroblock may be carried over to the next cell. These are the loose and close packing. In this paper, two methods are compare and their efficiency is analysis and we analysed priority control mechanism to achieve the cell loss rate the cell loss rate requirement and the delay requirement of each service class in ATM switch with output buffer. The service classes of our concern are the high time priority class and the high loss priority class.

Cyclic AMP analog와 PGE2가 마우스 조골세포의 활성에 미치는 영향

김형룡,김장숙 원광대학교 생체재료·매식연구소 1996 원광생체재료·매식 Vol.5 No.2

To maintain its functional integrity, bone is continuously remodelled by a process involving resorption by osteoclasts and bone formation by osteoblasts. In order to respond to changes in the physical environment or to trauma with the relevant action, this process is strictly regulated by locally synthesized or systemic fators. Prostaglandin E_2(PGE_2) is perhaps one of the best studied of these factors, having been known to affect bone cell function for several decades. PGE_2 has both anabolic and catabolic activities. Excess levels of PGE_2 have been implicated in a number of pathological states associated with bone loss such as a number of chronic inflammatory conditions such as periodontal disease and rheumatoid arthritis. PGE_2 and other arachidonic acid metabolites have been shown to be potent stimulators of osteoclastic bone resorption in organ culture. The anabolic effects of PGE_2 were first noticed when an increase in periosteal woven bone formation was seen after the infusion of PGE_2 into infants in order to prevent closure of the ductus arteriosus. The cellular basis for the catabolic actions of PGE_2 has been well characterized. PGE_2 increase osteoclast recruitment in bone marrow cell cultures. PGE_2 also has a direct action on osteoclast serving to inhibit activity and can also indirectly activate osteoclast via other cells in the vicinity, presumably osteoblast. The cellular mechanisms for the anabolic actions of PGE_2 are not nearly so well understood. The purpose of this paper is to study the anabolic actions of PGE_2 on osteoblastic clone MC3T3E1 cells. The effects of DBcAMP and PGE_2 on the induction of alkaline phosphatase(ALP) was investigated in osteoblastic clone MC3T3E1 cells cultured in medium containing 0.4% fetal bovine serum. DBcAMP and PGE_2 stimulated ALP activity and MTT assay in the cells in a dose-dependent manner at concentrations of 10-500ng/ml. Cycloheximide, protein synthesis inhibitor, inhibited the stimulative effect of PGE_2 and DBcAMP on ALP activity in the cells. PGE_2 also increased the intracellular cAMP content in a dose-dependent fashion with a maximal effect at 500ng/ml. Our present results suggest that PGE_2 stimulate the differentiation of osteoblasts and are involved in bone formation in vivo, as well as in bone resorption.

생산셀 설계와 셀 배치계획을 위한 계층적 접근

김장형,문치웅 濟州大學校工科大學産業技術硏究所 1995 尖端技術硏究所論文集 Vol.6 No.-

This paper is a hierarchical approach for manufacturing cell design and cell layout planning in flexible manufacturing environments. To solve this problem, the proposed model incorporates relevant manufacturing factors such as workload and cell size. Based on those information, to form the manufacturing cell, correlation similarity coefficient(CSC) between machines are calculated and a pair of machines that has the highest value of CSC is assigned to a machine cell. Repeat the above steps until the adequate manufacturing cells are obtained. Because the obtained cellular structure for the manufacturing system design in the previous stage does not give the layout of the cells on the site directly, it is important to determine the adequate cell layout. For the cell layout planning, the adjacent relationship among cells are determined on the basis of the degree of interference among cells which is evaluated by the volume of the intercellular movements among cells. The relationship obtained by this procedure determines the configuration of the cell layout. Finally, a system is developed to increase the efficiency of a proposed model. The proposed model and system are illustrated by a numerical example.