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전기유변유체를 동작매체로 하는 실험용 토크 전달장치 제작 및 성능평가
김상국,정동운,최윤대 대한기계학회 1994 대한기계학회논문집 Vol.18 No.10
In this work, an experimental type of torque converter has been constructed and its characteristics have been evaluated by adapting an electrorheological fluid(ERF) as an operating medium. The device was designed by using the equations which were proposed by Carlson et al. The correlation between the rheological behaviour of an ERF and mechanical parameters of the clutch has been investigated. The torque generated by an ERF in this device is sum of one due to the yield strength by polarizing dispersed particles in dielectric oil and one due to the viscous drag. The experimental results are presented in terms of torque and current density as a function of rotational speed at various electric field strength applied. Experimental results showed that the measured torque was rapidly increased with the increase of the electric field, generally being proportional to the rotational speed of the motor. The measured current was shown to be increased with the increased electric field. Also, the current was decreased with the increase of increased with the increased electric field. Also, the current was decreased with the increase of the rotational speed of the motor and reached plateau region after f = 5 Hz.
김상국 한국자원식물학회 1997 한국자원식물학회지 Vol.10 No.4
The experiment was carried out to determine the optimum fertilization level showing high quality on Aralia cordata Thunb. Plant height of fertilization(27-15-27kg) was promoted significantly compared with conventional fertilization(17-9-17kg). This effect was followed with increment of blanched length. Among underground parts, main root length was increased in conventional fertilization, and more cultural year was prolonged, the more yield of dry root weight was increased. Fresh leaf yield to produce high quality of Aralia cordata plant was remarkably increased about 6% in fertilization of 27-15-27kg per 10a. As a result, to produce higher good quality of the plant. the optimum fertilization level was 27-15-27kg per 10a. 두릅나무과에 속하는 다년생 숙근식물인 땅두릅(Aralia cordata Thunb.)의 양질 다수확 재배를 위한 적정 시비수준을 구명하기 위하여 실험을 수행하였던 바 얻어진 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 1. 시비수준에 따른 지상부의 초장은 관행인 17-9-17kg보다 27-15-27kg에서 28.3cm로 생육이 우세하였으며 이러한 경향은 연화장의 결과와 마찬가지로 관행 시비수준이 7.0cm인 것보다 10.3cm로 양호한 결과를 보였다. 2. 지하부의 생육특성중 주근장은 관행시비에서 10.5cm로 처리간에 가장 높은 수치를 보였다. 3. 시비수준에 따른 년차별 건근중은 재배년수가 길어질수록 건근중의 증가를 보였으며 평균적으로 볼 때 관행시비인 17-0-17kg이 272kg인 것과 비교해 보면 27-15-27kg에서 310kg으로 약 14%정도 건근중의 증수효과를 보이는 것으로 나타났다. 4. 땅두릅의 연화재배를 통한 연화장의 엽수량은 관행시비구읜 17-9-17kg에서 391kgdlsrjt 보다 27-15-27kg 시비구에서 415kg으로 나타난 지상부의 건근 수량과 마찬가지로 가장 높은 수익성을 보이는 것으로 나타났다. 5. 이상의 결과를 종합해 볼 때 지상부의 엽수량과 지하부의 건근수량의 양질 다수확 재배를 위해서는 시비수준을 10a당 27-15-27kg으로 시용하는 것이 유리한 것으로 사료되었다.
김상국,이상철,정형진,Bong-HoLee,In-JungLee 한국작물학회 2003 Korean journal of crop science Vol.48 No.4
For storage periods of tubers in Chinese yam, the levels of GA/sub 44/ and GA/sub 20/ was constant, meanwhile both GA/sub 53/ and GA/sub l9/ level were always higher than that of GA/sub 44/ and GA/sub 20/ㆍ GA/sub 9/ content as precursor of GA₄ was not changed during storage. GA/sub 24/ content was low to below 0.2 ng for 90 days after storage, GA/sub 36/ content as precursor of GA₄ like GA/sub 9/ was about 6-8 fold higher than that of GA/sub 9/ during storage. GA contents of the two gibberellin biosynthetic pathways were gradually increased when storage periods were progressed. Bioactive GA₁ content as the GA members of an early C-13 hydroxylation was always constant, and its content was very low as below 0.1ng per dry weight, meanwhile, bioactive GA₄ content as the GA members of non C-13 hydroxylation was drastically increased, also, its content was highest at 90 days after storage, and then decreased at 120 days after storage. Consequently, we suggest that GA₄ may be involved in controlling tuber sprouting in Chinese yam.
재활운동프로그램이 요통산재근로자의 통증과 염증지표에 미치는 영향
김상국,이상욱,김재희 대한임상건강증진학회 2010 Korean Journal of Health Promotion Vol.10 No.3
Background: Inflammation may be one mechanism that causes low back pain (LBP). Although regular exercise has an anti-inflammatory effect, little is known about the effects of exercise on serum inflammatory markers and back pain in patients with LBP. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of an 8-week exercise intervention on back pain and serum C-reactive protein (CRP), interleukin-1β (IL-1β), and interleukin-6 (IL-6) levels in automotive workers with LBP. Methods: Male workers (n=15) with LBP completed an 8-week multi-component exercise program. Age-matched healthy men (n=11) without back pain served as the control group (CG). Levels of serum inflammatory markers, back flexibility, and back pain using a visual analogue scale were measured at baseline and after the 8-week intervention. Results: After 8 weeks, serum CRP levels were lower compared with baseline (P<0.05) in the exercise group (EG), whereas IL-1β and IL-6 levels were not significantly changed. Back flexibility improved (P<0.001) and back pain decreased (P<0.05) in the EG. No significant changes occurred in back pain, back flexibility, and serum inflammatory marker levels in the CG over the same period. Conclusions: CRP and back pain were both reduced and back flexibility improved with exercise in subjects with LBP suggesting that exercise may play a role in reducing inflammation in subjects with LBP. This would lead to improvement in pain and physical function. 연구배경: 염증반응은 요통을 유발하는 원인 중 하나로 밝혀지고 있다. 규칙적인 운동은 염증감소에 효과적인 것으로 알려져 있으나 운동이 요통 환자들의 혈중 염증지표들과 통증에 미치는 영향에 관한 연구는 매우 부족한 실정이다. 따라서 이 연구의 목적은 요통산재근로자들을 대상으로 8주간 재활운동 프로그램 실시 전후의 요통수준과 혈중 염증지표들인 C-reactive protein (CRP), interleukin-1β (IL-1β), interleukin-6 (IL-6) 수준 등에 변화가 있는지를 조사하는 데 있다. 방법: 요통산재요양을 마친 남자 근로자들 15명으로 구성된 운동군의 피험자들을 대상으로 8주간의 복합 운동프로그램을 실시하였다. 대조군은 요통이 없는 건강한 남성들 11명으로 구성되었다. 모든 피험자를 대상으로 프로그램 실시 전후에 허리유연성, hs-CRP, IL-1β, IL-6과 시각적 통증평가표에 의한 요통수준을 측정하였다. 결과: 운동군의 경우 운동프로그램 실시 후 혈중 염증지표들 중 CRP 수준만 유의하게 감소한 것으로 나타났으며(P<0.05), IL-1β와 IL-6 수준에서 유의한 차이는 나타나지 않았다. 또한 운동군에서 통계적으로 유의한 통증의 감소(P<0.05)와 유연성의 증가(P<0.001)를 보였다. 대조군에서는 모든 측정치에서 통계적으로 유의한 변화가 나타나지 않았다. 결론: 요통근로자에게서 운동은 혈중 CRP 양과 요통의 감소 및 유연성 향상을 가져왔다. 이는 요통 환자에게서 운동의 염증감소 효과가 통증감소와 체력향상과 관련되어 있음을 나타내는 것으로 사료된다.