Micro-computed tomography evaluation of the effects of orthodontic force on immature maxillary first molars and alveolar bone mineral density of Sprague–Dawley rats

Jingwei Wang,Ruofang Zhang,Zhuoying Zhang,Chao Geng,Yanpeng Zhang 대한치과교정학회 2023 대한치과교정학회지 Vol.53 No.3

Objective: To investigate changes in the immature teeth of Sprague–Dawley rats during orthodontic treatment and to explore the changes in the peri-radicular alveolar bone through micro-computed tomography (CT). Methods: Twenty-five 26-day-old male Sprague–Dawley rats were included. The maxillary left first molar was moved mesially under a continuous force of 30 cN, and the right first molar served as the control. After orthodontic treatment for 7, 14, 21, 28, and 42 days, the root length, tooth volume, and alveolar bone mineral density (BMD) around the mesial root were measured through micro-CT. Results: The immature teeth continued to elongate after application of orthodontic force. The root length on the force side was significantly smaller than that on the control side, whereas the differences in the volume change between both sides were not statistically significant. Alveolar bone in the coronal part of the compression and tension sides showed no difference in BMD between the experimental and control groups. The BMD of the experimental group decreased from day 14 to day 42 in the apical part of the compression side and increased from day 7 to day 42 in the apical part of the tension side. The BMD of the experimental group decreased in the root apex part on day 7. Conclusions: The root length and volume of immature teeth showed continued development under orthodontic forces. Alveolar bone resorption was observed on the compression side, and bone formation was observed on the tension side.

Acute and repeated dose 26-week oral toxicity study of 20(S)-ginsenoside Rg3 in Kunming mice and Sprague-Dawley rats

Li, Chunmei,Wang, Zhezhe,Li, Guisheng,Wang, Zhenhua,Yang, Jianrong,Li, Yanshen,Wang, Hongtao,Jin, Haizhu,Qiao, Junhua,Wang, Hongbo,Tian, Jingwei,Lee, Albert W.,Gao, Yonglin The Korean Society of Ginseng 2020 Journal of Ginseng Research Vol.44 No.2

Background: 20(S)-ginsenoside-Rg3 (C₄₂H₇₂O₁₃), a natural triterpenoid saponin, is extracted from red ginseng. The increasing use of 20(S)-ginsenoside Rg3 has raised product safety concerns. Methods: In acute toxicity, 20(S)-ginsenoside Rg3 was singly and orally administrated to Kunming mice and Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats at the maximum doses of 1600 mg/kg and 800 mg/kg, respectively. In the 26-week toxicity study, we used repeated oral administration of 20(S)-ginsenoside Rg3 in SD rats over 26 weeks at doses of 0, 20, 60, or 180 mg/kg. Moreover, a 4-week recovery period was scheduled to observe the persistence, delayed occurrence, and reversibility of toxic effects. Results: The result of acute toxicity shows that oral administration of 20(S)-ginsenoside Rg3 to mice and rats did not induce mortality or toxicity up to 1600 and 800 mg/kg, respectively. During a 26-week administration period and a 4-week withdrawal period (recovery period), there were no significant differences in clinical signs, body weight, food consumption, urinalysis parameters, biochemical and hematological values, or histopathological findings. Conclusion: The mean oral lethal dose (LD₅₀) of 20(S)-ginsenoside Rg3, in acute toxicity, is above 1600 mg/kg and 800 mg/kg in mice and rats, respectively. In a repeated-dose 26-week oral toxicity study, the no-observed-adverse-effect level for female and male SD rats was 180 mg/kg.

The processes on graft union formation in tomato

Jingwei Fan,Rui Yang,Xiaoman Li,Wenchao Zhao,Fukuan Zhao,Shaohui Wang 한국원예학회 2015 Horticulture, Environment, and Biotechnology Vol.56 No.5

Despite the long and widespread use of grafting in tomato cultivation, the structural changes that occur at the graft union during the early stages of the union remain poorly understood. In this study, the structural development of the graft union in tomato plants was examined 3, 5, 8, 11 and 14 days after grafting (DAG) using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and a paraffin sectioning technique. The paraffin-sectioned images of the transection revealed that parenchymal cells from the graft union divided and proliferated in most combinations, and these cells could be detected at various stages of development. The SEM images of the scion and rootstock longitudinal sections showed that many interconnecting structures appeared at 8 DAG and were followed by a vascular rearrangement that did not connect the scion and rootstock. Vascular bundle bridges appeared at 11 DAG and connected the scion and rootstock. The connection of graft union between rootstock and scion is influenced by the plant growth condition. In our managed environment, period for formation of the connection structure formation between the rootstock and scion was 7-14 days after grafting.

Myocardial Blood Flow Quantified by Low-Dose Dynamic CT Myocardial Perfusion Imaging Is Associated with Peak Troponin Level and Impaired Left Ventricle Function in Patients with ST-Elevated Myocardial Infarction

Jingwei Pan,Mingyuan Yuan,Mengmeng Yu,Yajie Gao,Chengxing Shen,Yining Wang,Bin Lu,Jiayin Zhang 대한영상의학회 2019 Korean Journal of Radiology Vol.20 No.5

Objective: To investigate the association of myocardial blood flow (MBF) quantified by dynamic computed tomography (CT) myocardial perfusion imaging (MPI) with troponin level and left ventricle (LV) function in patients with ST-segment elevated myocardial infarction (STEMI). Materials and Methods: Thirty-five STEMI patients who successfully had undergone reperfusion treatment within 1 week of their infarction were consecutively enrolled. All patients were referred for dynamic CT-MPI. Serial high-sensitivity troponin T (hs-TnT) levels and left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) measured by echocardiography were recorded. Twenty-six patients with 427 segments were included for analysis. Various quantitative parameters derived from dynamic CT-MPI were analyzed to determine if there was a correlation between hs-TnT levels and LVEF on admission and again at the 6-month mark. Results: The mean radiation dose for dynamic CT-MPI was 3.2 ± 1.1 mSv. Infarcted territories had significantly lower MBF (30.5 ± 7.4 mL/min/100 mL versus 73.4 ± 8.1 mL/min/100 mL, p < 0.001) and myocardial blood volume (MBV) (2.8 ± 0.9 mL/100 mL versus 4.2 ± 1.1 mL/100 mL, p = 0.044) compared with those of reference territories. MBF showed the best correlation with the level of peak hs-TnT (r = -0.682, p < 0.001), and MBV showed a moderate correlation with the level of peak hs-TnT (r = -0.437, p = 0.026); however, the other parameters did not show any significant correlation with hs-TnT levels. As for the association with LV function, only MBF was significantly correlated with LVEF at the time of admission (r = 0.469, p = 0.016) and at 6 months (r = 0.585, p = 0.001). Conclusion: MBF quantified by dynamic CT-MPI is significantly inversely correlated with the level of peak hs-TnT. In addition, patients with lower MBF tended to have impaired LV function at the time of their admission and at 6 months.

Development of Key Technologies and Robotics for Intelligent Apple Harvesting

Jinxing Wang,Jingwei Sun,Yi Liu,Junsheng Liu,Guangze Zhao 대한기계학회 2023 대한기계학회 춘추학술대회 Vol.2023 No.11

Characterization and performance test of phenolphthalein poly(aryl ether ketone) fractionated by incremental poor solvent fractionation

Zengxu Qian,Jingwei Jiang,Yunlong Sun,Qiliang Yuan,Zhichao Wang,Zhipeng Wang,Guangyuan Zhou 한국고분자학회 2023 Macromolecular Research Vol.31 No.8

Though phenolphthalein poly(aryl ether ketone) (PEK-C) has gained attention as a special engineering plastic materials by virtue of its good thermal stability and favorable mechanical properties, its applications are limited due to its wide PDI during polymerization, which result in poor mechanical properties of PEK-C. In order to investigate the effect of molecular weight and polydispersity index (PDI) on PEK-C, an incremental poor solvent fractionation method was used to fractionate PEK-C. The process produced a series of grades with decreasing molecular weight and PDI. The LCP (linear cloud point) equation was combined with the grading method to find the optimal PEK-C/DMAc/ Non-solvent additives (NSA) system, which can be used to improve the grading efficiency. The obtained results showed that the incremental poor solvent fractionation method with the PEK-C/DMAc/EA system made the molecular weight distributed in the range of 25 ~ 113 kDa, PDI mostly distributed in the range of 1.1 ~ 1.4, and the narrowest PDI to reach 1.13, which could not be obtained through the condensation reaction. Meanwhile, we can also achieve expanded production. By fractionation, the elastic modulus of PEK-C film could be increased by up to 22.6%, elongation at break by up to 38.3%, the fracture strength by up to 38.2%, and impact strength of the sheest by up to 41.2%, while the polymer still maintained good thermal and UV shielding properties. This unique Polymer/Solution/NSA system can yield an effective design strategy for controlling its molecular weight and PDI and improving its mechanical performance.

Analysis of Localized Surface Plasmon Resonance in Ag/ITO/CdS/SiO2 Multilayered Nanostructured Composite

Chao Liu,Jingwei Lv,Famei Wang,Qiang Liu,Haiwei Mu,Tao Sun,Qiang Liu,Paul K. Chu 성균관대학교(자연과학캠퍼스) 성균나노과학기술원 2015 NANO Vol.10 No.8

Multilayered nanoshells have attracted much attention due to their unique optical, electronic and magnetic properties. In this work, numerical calculation using discrete dipole approximation (DDA) is conducted to investigate the quad-layered metal nanoshell consisting of a particle with a dielectric silica (SiO2) core, inner cadium sulfide (CdS) shell, middle indium tin oxide (ITO) shell and outer metal silver (Ag) shell. The phenomenon is interpreted by plasmon hybridization theory and the Ag–ITO–CdS–SiO2 multilayered nanoshells are studied by extinction spectra of localized surface plasmon resonance. The variation in the spectrum peak with nanoparticle thickness and refractive index of the surrounding medium is derived. The electric field enhancement contour around the nanoparticles under illumination is analyzed at the plasmon resonance wavelength. The |ω-->, |ω+->, and |ω-+> modes red-shift with the refractive index of the surrounding medium and increase in the layer thickness causes either blue-shift or red-shift as shown by the extinction spectra. The mechanism of the red-shift or blue-shift is discussed. The |ω--> blue-shifts and furthermore, the |ω-+> and |ω+-> modes of the Ag coated multilayered nanostructure are noticeable by comparing the extinction efficiency spectra of the Au–ITO–CdS–SiO2 and Ag–ITO–CdS–SiO2 multilayered nanoshells.

Characterization of fermented pomegranate juice: ACE inhibitory activity under in vitro digestion, antioxidant capacity, phenolics composition, chemical properties and sensory evaluation

Lichen Zhang,Linlin Wang,Jingwei Cai,Ting Yang,Jianke Li,Guowei Shu 한국식품과학회 2024 Food Science and Biotechnology Vol.33 No.4

Consuming pomegranate juice (PJ) is beneficial for hypertensive regulation because of the phenolic compounds in PJ and their inhibitory activity on angiotensin-I-converting enzyme (ACE). To better utilize bioactive function of food, microorganism fermentation has been adopted to alter phenolic metabolism. This study confirms that even under in vitro digestion, fermented PJ (FPJ) maintains higher ACE inhibitory activity than that of PJ. The main phenolic compounds in PJ were compared either under fermentation or in vitro digestion. This study finds that fermentation promotes antioxidant capacity of PJ. The chemical properties of FPJ are evaluated and the corresponding relationship with bioactivities is analyzed. A sensory evaluation comparison is conducted between FPJ and PJ, furnishing interesting information for consumers. This study highlights the relationship between ACE inhibitory activity of PJ and phenolic composition under fermentation and in vitro digestion, providing novel insights for diet regulation of phenolic-rich FPJ in ACE inhibition therapy.

Development and supercapacitor application of ionic liquid-incorporated gel polymer electrolyte films

Ravi Muchakayala,Shenhua Song,Jingwei Wang,Youhua Fan,Manjunatha Bengeppagari,Jianjun Chen,Manlin Tan 한국공업화학회 2018 Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol.59 No.-

A new gel polymer electrolyte based on 1-methyl-1-propylpyrrolidinium bis(trifluoromethyl sulfonyl)imide ([PMpyr][NTf2]) entrapped in poly(vinylidene fluoride-hexafluoropropylene) (PVdF-HFP) is prepared and optimized for flexible solid state supercapacitor applications. The structural, thermal, electrical and electrochemical properties of the ionic liquid gel polymer electrolyte membranes are studied by different characterization techniques. The transparent gel polymer electrolyte membranes exhibit high amorphicity and excellent thermal stability. The 20PVdF-HFP:80[PMpyr][NTf2] gel polymer electrolyte membrane possesses a high ionic conductivity (1.596 × 10−3 S cm−1) and wide electrochemical stability window (4.7 V) at room temperature. It is used as the electrolyte material for the fabrication of flexible electric double layer supercapacitors (EDLCs) with multiwalled carbon nanotube (MWCNT)-added and unadded activated carbon (AC) electrodes. The performances of flexible EDLCs are evaluated using cyclic voltammetry and galvanostatic charge–discharge measurements. The EDLC with MWCNT-added AC electrodes exhibits apparently higher specific capacitance of electrode (156.64 F g−1), specific energy (30.69 Wh kg−1) and specific power (4.13 kW kg−1) than that with AC electrodes. The cyclic stability of the former is still in a good condition at the 2000th charge–discharge cycle and much better than the latter. The present comparative study indicates that the 20PVdF-HFP:80[PMpyr][NTf2] gel polymer electrolyte is a good candidate for the development of flexible solid-state supercapacitors.

Protective enzymes and genes related to the JA pathway are involved in the response to root-knot nematodes at high soil temperatures in tomatoes carrying Mi-1

Canli Hu,Wenchao Zhao,Jingwei Fan,Zilong Li,Rui Yang,Fukuan Zhao,JianLi Wang,Shaohui Wang 한국원예학회 2015 Horticulture, Environment, and Biotechnology Vol.56 No.4

Root-knot nematodes (RKNs; Meloidogyne spp.) are obligate endoparasites that infect a large number of crop plants and cause severe yield losses. Tomato cultivars carrying the Mi-1 gene conferring root-knot nematode resistance have been widely used, but this gene loses its effectiveness at soil temperatures above 28°C. In this study, the mechanism of the loss of resistance to RKNs at high soil temperatures was examined using LA0655 (Solanum lycopersicum cv. Anahu), which contains the Mi-1 gene. It was found that high soil temperatures delayed the expression of the Mi-1 gene and reduced the activities of superoxide dismutase, peroxidase, chitinase, and β-1,3-glucanase. Although genes in the jasmonic acid (JA) pathway exhibited an obvious response at high soil temperatures, this response could not prevent the invasion of RKNs; indeed, at 30 days after inoculation with RKNs, the plants produced large numbers of root knots and egg masses at a soil temperature of 32°C.