백혈병 마우스 모델의 동종골수이식에서 활성화된 자연살해세포들의 보충이 이식편대백혈병효과와 이식편대숙주반응에 미치는 영향

엄현석,한치화,박수정,김소연,정낙균,정대철,진종률,최일봉,양형모,서영훈,송현근,최인표,민우성,김춘추 대한조혈모세포이식학회 2001 대한조혈모세포이식학회지 Vol.6 No.1

배경: 백혈병에서 동종골수이식 (allogeneic bone marrow transplantation)의 성공적 치료 효과를 얻기 위해서는 이식편대숙주반응 (graft-versus-host disease, GVHD) 발생의 극복과 재발의 방지가 중요한 과제이다. 골수를 역류원심성 세포분리 (counterflow centrifugal elutriation, CCE) 방법으로 분리하여 얻은 rotor off (R/O) 세포분획은 T 세포의 수는 적지만 조혈모세포들을 다량 포함하고 있어 동종골수이식에서 주조직적합복합체 (major histocompatibility complex, MHC) 차이를 극복할 수 있고, 이식편의 생착 성공과 GVHD 발생 예방에 효과적이다. 그러나 골수로부터 T 세포를 제거하면 백혈병세포를 공격하는 이식편대백혈병 (graft-versus-leukemia, GVL) 효과가 감소되기 때문에 백혈병 재발의 빈도가 높다. 자연살해세포 (natural killer cell, NK cell)의 보충 첨가는 동종골수이식 후 GVHD 발생을 줄이면서 충분한 GVL 효과를 얻을 수가 있다. 따라서 저자는 분리 후 IL-2로 활성화시킨 NK 세포들을 골수 R/O 세포분획과 함께 백혈병 마우스 모델에 동종이식함으로써 GVHD와 GVL에 미치는 효과를 관찰하였다. 방법: Balb/c (H-2^(d)) 마우스에서 유래된 A20 (murine B-lymphoma/leukemia cell line, H-2^(d)) 백혈병 세포를 이식 2 일 전에 Balb/c 마우스에 주입하고, 치사량의 전신 방사선을 조사한 직후에 Balb/c 또는 C57BL/6 (H-2^(b)) 마우스의 골수 R/O 세포분획을 꼬리정맥을 통하여 주입하였다. 이들은 모두 이식 후 6-8 주 이내에 사망하였다. 동종이식의 대조군 (n=9)에는 1 × 10^(7)의 R/O 세포분획만을 주입하였고, 실험군 (n=9)에는 C57BL/6 마우스의 비장세포들로부터 단클론항체들을 이용한 negative selection방법으로 분리한 후 IL-2로 활성화된 5 × 10^(5)의 NK 세포분획을 1 × 10^(7)의 R/O 세포분획과 함께 주입하였다. GVL 효과의 판정은 이식 후 14 일과 28 일 째 되는 날 마우스에서 골수, 비장, 간 등을 얻어 백혈병 세포들의 침윤을 조직학적으로 관찰하였으며, GVHD의 정도는 육안적 관찰법으로 평가하였다. 결과: R/O 세포분획만을 이식한 대조군의 골수, 비장, 그리고 간 조직에서는 A20 백혈병 세포의 침윤이 각각 89% (8/9), 78% (7/9)와 22% (2/9)에서 관찰되었고, R/O 세포분획과 NK 세포분획을 함께 이식한 실험군에서는 비장과 간을 제외한 골수에서만 89% (8/9)에서 A20 백혈병 세포의 침윤이 관찰되어 두 군 사이에 장기별 분포의 차이를 볼 수 있었다 (P= 0.0001). 한편 GVHD는 두 군 모두에서 경하게 나타나서 유의한 차이는 없었다. 또한 생착 부전으로 사망한 마우스는 없었다. 결론: CCE를 이용하여 T 세포를 제거한 동종골수이식에서 NK 세포의 보충은 GVHD의 악화는 일으키지 않으면서, 백혈병의 진행을 억제하는 GVL 효과를 얻을 수 있었다. Background: Allogeneic bone marrow transplantation (BMT) with T cell-depleted marrow accompanies engraftment failure and relapse of leukemia by a loss of the graft-versus-leukemia (GVL) effect frequently, while it can prevent GVHD. Supplement of NK cells could prevent GVHD and enhance GVL effect in several murine allogeneis BMT models Roter off (R/O) cell fraction obtained by counterflow centriation elutriatio (CCO) contains small number of T cells and many hematopoietic stem cells. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of R/O cell fraction supplemented with IL-2 activated NK cells on GVL and GVHD within the leukemic mouse BMT model. Methods: Inoculation of A20 (H-2d, murine B-lymphoma/leukemia, Balb/c origin) cells into Balb/c mice via the tail vein 2 days prior to lethal total body irradiation (TBI) and infusion of the Balb/c BM or C57BL/6 (H-2b) R/O fraction were performed. It resulted in 100% mortality within 6 to 8 weeks. The irradiated mice in the control group were injected with 1 × 107 R/O cell fraction alone (n=9) and in the experimental group mice were injected with 1 × 107 R/O cell fraction plus 5 × 105 negatively selected IL-2 activated NK cell fractions of the spleens via the tail vein (n=9). On day 14 and 28 after BMT, the bone marrows, spleens, and livers of mice were harvested for histopathologic analysis of the infiltrations of leukemic cells. We then evaluated the GVHD within the mice. Results: A histopathologic study of the recipients receiving R/O fraction alone showed infiltration of leukemic cells, 89% (8/9) in bone marrows, 78% (7/8) in spleens, and 22% (2/9) in livers. The experimental group of mice showed only the infiltration of leukemic cells 89% (8/9) in bone marrows, not in spleens and livers. There were the organ differences of the leukemic cells infiltrations between the two groups (P=0.0001). There were no obvious differences in the GVHD scores between these two groups, and severe GVHD was not observed. There was no engraftment failure among groups. Conclusion: Thus, our findings suggest that R/O cell fraction obtained by CCE and supplemented with NK cells can promote GVL effect without mediating clinically overt GVHD in allogeneic BMT of mouse leukemia.

동절기 근권부 온도가 비모란 생장 및 품질에 미치는 영향

정명일,정봉남,김재영 한국화훼연구회 2002 화훼연구 Vol.10 No.1

접목선인장의 동계재배를 위하여 근권의 온도를 15, 20, 25, 30, 35℃로 조절한 처리구와 조절하지 않은 대조구를 두어 비모란 Sun, Pink품종을 재배하였다. 처리 6개월 후 구경, 생체중, 건물중에 있어서 Sun품종은 25℃, Pink품종은 20℃에서 가장 좋았다. 특히 비모란의 구경과 구중은 15℃ 처리와 온도처리를 하지 않은 대조구에서 낮은 경향을 보여 근권부 저온이 생육에 저해요인으로 작용하는 것으로 보였다. 대목으로 이용한 삼각주의 뿌리 생육은 25℃ 처리에서 생체중과 건물중이 높았고 15℃에서는 아주 불량하였으며, 뿌리의 활력은 20℃에서 높았다. 구색에 있어서는 Sun품종은 유의성이 인정되지 않았으며 Pink품종은 온도가 높을수록 황색화 되었다. 적색의 betacyanins 색소 함량은 온도가 높아질수록 증가하는 경향을 보였다. 상품의 생산율은 Sun품종은 25℃, Pink 품종은 20℃에서 높았으며 그 이상과 이하에서는 낮았다. 이상의 결과로 볼 때 정식초기에는 25℃로 관리하여 발근을 촉진시킨 후 출하기까지 20℃로 관리하면 생육을 촉진시킬 수 있으며 겨울철에도 정상적인 생산이 가능할 것으로 판단된다. Abstract. In order to observe the possibility of winter season production of G. mihanovichii cvs., Sun and Pink were cultivated under temperatures of 15, 20, 25, 30 and 35℃, and under conventional cultivation method for comparison. Increasement of the diameter, fresh and dry weight of globes was best at 25℃ in cv. Sun, and at 20℃ in cv. Pink. Especially, globe diameter and fresh weight were bad at 15℃ and in conventional cultivation method. From the results it was determined that low temperature around root-zone greatly affect the growth of globes. Root fresh and dry weight of Heoylocereus trigonus used for stock plants showed good at 25℃ and bad at 15℃, but its activity was highest at 20℃. Color did not show any statistical significance in various temperature, but 'Pink' showed tendency of turning yellow by increasing the temperature. Quality and productivity was good at 20℃ and 25℃, and was bad at below those temperature. From the results it was concluded that if G. mihanovichii were cultivated for rooting at 25℃ in early planting period and were maintained to activating growth at 20℃ until marketing time, regular production of G. mihanovichii in winter season would be possible.

국내에서 분리된 Esherichia Coli 와 Klebsiella pneumoniae의 CTX-M형 Extended-Spectrum β-Lactamase 생성 현황

배일권,우건조,정석훈,박광옥,조병규,김둘만,권수봉,김현주,강현경 대한임상미샐물학회 2004 Annals of clinical microbiology Vol.7 No.1

공간능력, 시지각 회상 능력, 학습양식에 따른 지구와 달의 운동 개념

김봉섭,정진우,양일호,정지숙 한국교원대학교 과학교육연구소 1998 청람과학교육연구논총 Vol.8 No.1

The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship among spatial ability, learning styles, visual-perception-recall ability, and the conceptual construction of the earth and moon's motion. Four paper-and-pencil tests were used to measure students' cognitive variables. Spatial ability was measured by Spatial Visualization Test, visual-perception-recall ability was measured by Rey's Figure which also have used to test visual-perception-recall ability of right-temporal lobes, and VVT were used to investigate students' learning styles. Further, the test of concept construction was consisted of 15 items about the earth and moon's motion developed by researcher. One hundred and twenty-seven 6th-, one hundred and sixteen 7th-, eighty-seven 9th-grade, ninety-three college students were participated in the investigation of the effects of age and learning style on conceptual construction. In the analysis of students' performances, spatial ability, visual-perception-recall ability, and conceptual achievement showed an increasing pattern with grading. In addition, visual learner's conceptual achievement showed a significantly higher score on conceptual test than verbal learner's(p<0.05). The results of the present study supported the hypothesis that learning styles would differently influence to learning atmospheric concepts by students' learning styles. This study also indicated to be considered the students' spatial ability in learning atmospheric concepts.

부산의 한 대학병원에서 분리된 Acinetobacter baumannii의 PER-1 Extended-Spectrum β-Lactamase 생성 현황

김정만,강현경,정석훈,배일권,권수봉,조병규,김둘만,김현주,김아성 대한임상미샐물학회 2004 Annals of clinical microbiology Vol.7 No.1

SS400강 용접부의 파괴인성치에 관한 연구

국정한,송일규,김봉중,오세용,성호현 한국기술교육대학교 1999 論文集 Vol.6 No.1

In this work, we studied the mechanical properties, structure and the stress intensity factor of the welded areas which were annealed from 500。C to 900。C with an interval of 100。C. The main results are as follow. 1. The as-welded specimen showed the highest tensile strength and yield point. The tensile strength and the yield point decrease as the annealing temperature increased from 500。C to 900。C, and they became smaller in the order of deposited metal, heat affected zone and base metal. 2. The hardness was maximum at about 9 mm from the welding center line, and it decreased drastically in the heat affected zone located between 9∼15mm from the center line. 3. The elongation decreased in the order of base metal, the fusion zone and heat affected zone while it increased as annealing temperature increased. 4. The stress intensity factor(S. I. F.) declined as the length of notch increased and it became smaller in the order of fusion zone, base metal and heat affected zone. This is because fracture toughness is affected by brittlization at heat affected zone as well as the initiation and propagation of cracks.

운동형태의 차이가 Alloxan유발 당뇨쥐의 혈당 및 인슐린 농도에 미치는 영향

윤진환,정일규,김종오,이희혁,지용석,오봉석,채정룡 대한스포츠의학회 2003 대한스포츠의학회지 Vol.21 No.1

The Purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of exercise intensity on blood glucose and insulin levels in diabetic rats with alloxan. Twenty sprague-dawley male rats were assigned to power training groups(n=10) and endurance training groups(n=10). Diabetes was induced by single injection of alloxan(50 mg/kg B.W) Blood glucose and insulin were determined every week for 4-weeks. The conclusion of this study follows as below: 1) There was significantly different on blood glucose levels in two groups. 2) There was significantly different on insulin levels in two groups These results suggest that proper exercise intensity in diabetic rats can significantly decrease blood glucose and insulin level and make good glycemic control. In conclusion, it has been found that regular prolonged endurance training with diabetic rats, improves insulin and blood glucose.

Supine Bicycle Ergometer 운동이 뇌파와 기분상태에 미치는 영향

윤진환,정일규,김영표,김종오,이희혁,오봉석,김창주 대한스포츠의학회 2003 대한스포츠의학회지 Vol.21 No.1

In this study we investigated the effects of supine ergometer exercise on physiological and psychological relaxation. Seven healthy young men(aged 24.4±2.00years) volunteered for the experiment. The experiment consisted of the following three successive segments" A pre-exercise period of 10 min, during which the subjects rested in a supine posture with their eyes closed for the final 5 min; an supine ergometer exercise period of approximately 10 min, during which the subjects performed intensity of 50%HRmax exercises; A post-exercise recovery of 5 min, and a recovery of 10 min, which was similar to the pre-exercise rest period. The electroencephalo-graphic(EEG) activity of the central cortex of the brain were measured pre-exercise, post-exercise 5 min, and recovery phase 10min. Fast Fourier Transformation of the EEG was used to obtain power spectrum areas in the delta(0.5~4 Hz), theta(4~8 Hz), alpha(8~13 Hz) and beta(13~30 Hz) frequencies. We compared the relative power values(power %) of the electroencephalogram alpha bands(8~13 Hz) and korean edition of the profile of mood states(K-POMS) before and after the supine ergometer exercise. We also estimated the percentage of maximal heart rate(%HRmax) throughout the experiment to ascertain the intensity of the supine bicycle ergometer exercise. The results of %HRmax indicated that the intensity of supine exercises practised in the experiments ranged from low to moderate. The power % of EEG alpha bands had increased significantly after the supine ergometer exercise compared with the pre-exercise rest(p<0.05). From the POMS results, we observed that positive mood(vigour) increased and negative mood(tension, depression, and total mood)decreased significantly after the supine ergometer exercise(p<0.05). This study found that the subjects showed increased physiological and psychological indices of relaxation after supine bicycle ergometer exercise.

생쥐모델에서의 망막모세포종 안구 자기공명분광법과 병리소견 : 초기경험

김동훈,김일중,양재한,김정훈,유영석,이봉재 朝鮮大學校 附設 醫學硏究所 2007 The Medical Journal of Chosun University Vol.32 No.1

Purpose: To show various MR spectroscopy and correlated pathologic images of retinoblastoma in nude mouse with a new human retinoblastom cell line (SNUOT-Rbl) which innoculated into intravitreous cavity. Materials and Methods: The established cell line was innoculated into mtravitreous cavity of 14 eyeballs of 7 mice and a transplanted retinoblastoma was examed for 1 month. Tl-weighted image (T1WI), T2-weihgted image (T2WI), and MR spectroscopy were obtained with 1.5 Tesla MRI (Magnetom Vision, Siemens, Erlangen, Germany) and 4.7 Tesla MRI (Bruker, Medizintechnik GmbH, Karlsruhe-Ettlingen, Germany). After scanning, eyeballs were extracted and hematoxylin & eosin stained specimens were examined with the microscope. We compared MR spectroscopy with pathologic findings and evaluated characters of tumors. Results: Innoculated cells into eyeball of mice grew retinoblastoma (8/14, 57%). Eyeball with retinoblastoma protruded externally and showed focal hemorrhage. Tumors showed low (n=3), iso (n=4), high (n=1) signal intensity on TIWI, low (n=5), iso (n=1), high (n=2) signal intensity on T2WI, and well enhancement (n=8) with contrast, Involvement of optic nerve was suspected by MRI and confirmed by pathology (n=1). Conclusion: We could demonstrate MR spectroscopy of transplanted retinoblastoma by new tumor cell line in vivo. This imaging technique facilitate molecular imaging investigation of retinoblastoma.

복합 산화법과 MEMS 기술을 이용한 RF용 두꺼운 산화막 에어 브리지 및 공면 전송선의 제조

김국진,박정용,이동인,이봉희,배영호,이종현,박세일 한국센서학회 2002 센서학회지 Vol.11 No.3

본 논문에서는 양극반응과 복합 산화법( H_2O/O_2 분위기에서 500℃, 1시간 열산화와 1050℃, 2분간 RTO(Rapid Thermal Oxidation) 공정)을 이용한 두꺼운 OPSL(Oxidized Porous Silicon Layer)을 형성하여 이를 마이크로머시닝 기술을 이용함으로써 10 ㎛두께의 OPS(Oxidized Porous Silicon) 에어 브리지를 제조하고, 그 위에 전송선로를 형성하여 그 RF 특성을 조사하였다. OPS 에어 브리지 위에 형성된 CPW(Coplanar Waveguide)의 손실이 OPSL 위에 형성된 전송선의 삽입손실보다 약 2 dB 정도 적은 것을 보여주었으며, 반사손실은 OPSL 위에 형성된 전송선의 반사손실보다 적으며 약 -20 dB를 넘지 않고 있다. 본 연구에서 개발한 산화된 다공질실리콘 멤브레인 및 에어 브리지 구조는 CMOS 공정 후에 사용 가능하며, 초고주파 회로 설계시 편리성과 유용성을 제시하고 있다. This paper proposes a 10 ㎛ thick oxide air-bridge structure which can be used as a substrate for RF circuits. The structure was fabricated by anodic reaction, complex oxidation and micromachining technology using TMAH etching. High quality films were obtained by combining low temperature thermal oxidation (500 ℃,1 hr at H_2O/O_2) and rapid thermal oxidation (RTO) process (1050 ℃, 2min). This structure is mechanically stable because of thick oxide layer up to 10 ㎛ and is expected to solve the problem of high dielectric loss of silicon substrate in RF region. The properties of the transmission line formed on the oxidized porous silicon (OPS) air-bridge were investigated and compared with those of the transmission line formed on the OPS layers. The insertion loss of coplanar waveguide (CPW) on OPS air-bridge was (about 2 dB) lower than that of CPW on OPS layers. Also, the return loss of CPW on OPS air-bridge was less than about - 20 dB at measured frequency region for 2.2 mm. Therefore, this technology is very promising for extending the use of CMOS circuitry to higher RF frequencies.