항정신병약물 사용 중인 정신분열병 환자에서 올란자판으로의 교체 방법에 관한 연구(II) : Comparison of Safety 안전성 비교

안용민,권용실,권준수,민성호,박두병,양문정,소형석,송종호,신윤식,우행원,유범희,이홍석,정한용,한창환,김용식 大韓神經精神醫學會 2002 신경정신의학 Vol.41 No.5

연구목적: 이 다기관 공동임상연구는 사용 중인 항정신병약물을 ’직접 교체 방법’또는 ’시작-감량 교체 방법’중 한 가지 방법으로 올란자핀으로 교체한 후, 안정성 측면에서 두 교체 방법 간의 비교와 교체후의 변화를 관찰하기 위한 것이다. 방법: 국내 13개 병원의 입원 및 외래에 내원한 환자들 중 ICD-10 지단기준으로 정신분열병에 해당되며, 임상적으로 항정신병약물 교체가 필요한 환자를 대상으로 하였다. 두 가지 교체 방법 중 한 가지를 무작위로 피험자에 적용하였으며, ’직접 교체 방법’에 배정된 경우에는 사용중인 항정신병약물을 일시에 중단하고 10㎎의 올란자핀을 바로 투여하였고, ’시작-감량 교체 방법’에 배정된 경우는 10㎎의 올란자핀 투여하고 2주에 걸쳐서 기존 약물을 감량하여 중단하였다. 올란자핀 사용기간은 총 6주이며, 용량은 5∼20㎎ 범위로 제한하였다. 한정성 평가를 위해서 체중, 생명징후, 자발적인 이상반응 복, 실험실 검사 그리고 Simpson-Angus Scale(SAS), Barnes akathisia rating scale(BARS), Abnormal involuntary movement scale(AIMS). Liverpool University neuroleptic side effect rating scale(LUNSERS)등을 이용하였다. 결과: 총 103명의 정신분열병 환자를 대상으로 하였다. 사용한 올란자핀의 용량, 벤조디아제핀의 병용률, 탈락률과 탈락 사유, 자발적인 이상반응 보고, 생명징후, 실험실 검사 그리고 대부분의 부작용 척도 상에서 임상적으로 의미 있는 차이를 두 교체 방법간에 발견하지 못하였다. 다만 AIMS의 감소는 ’직접 교체 방법’군에서 보다 적었고, 항콜린제의 병용률은 ’시작-감량 교체 방법’군에서 보다 많았다. 기저 상태에서 전체 피험자의 SAS와 BARS 점수는 각각 3.5점과 1.8점이었으며 70% 이상의 피험자가 고프로락틴 혈증을 보였다. 올란자핀으로 교체한 후, SAS, BARS, AIMS 점수의 유의한 감소가 있었으며 고프로락틴 혈증을 보인 피험자 분율도 약 30%이하로 감소하였다. 그러나 교체 방법과 상관없이 올란자핀 교체 후 유의한 체중 증가가 있었다. 결론: 이 연구를 통해 교체 방법에 관계없이 비교적 안전하고 용이하게 올란자핀으로 교체 할 수 있음을 알 수 있었다. 그리고 기존 항정신병약물을 올란자핀으로 교체함으로써 일부 부작용들을 줄일 수 있음을 간접적으로 관찰할 수 있었다. 하지만 이 연구는 여러 제한점과 문제점을 지니고 있기 때문에 보다 체계적인 연구를 통해 검정이 필요하리라 생각된다. Objectives: This multicenter clinical trial involving 13 hospital sites compared the safely of switching to olanzapine between ’direct switching method’ and ’start-tapering switching method’. Method: This study included both inpatients and outpatients who fulfilled the criteria for schizophrenia as defined in the ICD-10, and were in need to be appropriate for switching antipsychotics. Subjects were randomly assigned to one of the two switching methods. For ’direct switching method’group, previous antipsychotics were abruptly discontinued and 10㎎ of olanzapine was administered, and previous antipsychotics was gradually tapered for 2 weeks. Olanzapine was used for 6 weeks and the dose was adjusted within the range of 5-20㎎. The safety of switching to olanzapine was measured with vital sings including body weight, adverse events reported spontaneously, laboratory tests, and various scales such as Simpson-Angus Scale(SAS), Barnes Akathisia Rating Scale(BARS). Abnormal Involuntary Movement Scale(AIMS), and Liverpool University Neuroleptic Side Effect Rating Scale(LUNSERS). Results: 103 patients were switched to olanzapine in this study. The comparison between two switching methods did not show any significant difference in the dosage of olanzapine used, the concomitant use of benzodiazepine, the rate and reasons of drop-out, the adverse events, vital signs, laboratory tests, and most scales for measuring side-effects. However, the decrease in AIMS scores was significantly lower in ’direct switching method’ group, and the concomitant use of anticholinergics was comparatively greater in ’start-tapering switching method’ group. At baseline, SAS and BARS scores were 3.5 and 1.8 points respectively, and more than 70% of the subjects showed hyperprolactinemia. After switching to olanzapine, SAS, BARS, and AIMS scores were significantly decreased and the proportion of the patients with hyperprolactinemia was also decreased to less than 30%. However significant weight gain after the treatment of olanzapine was observed regardless of switching method. Conclusion: This study may suggest that switching to olanzapine can be done with relatively high safety regardless of switching methods and olanzapine can significantly decrease some side-effects induced by other antipsychotics.

Hepatic Cirrhosis Occurring in a Young Woodchuck(Marmota monax) Due to Vertical Transmission of Woodchuck Hepatitis Virus(WHV)

Kyu-shik Jeong,정원일,Jae-yong Chung,Mi-young An,Chae-yong Jung,Gyoung-jae Lee,Jong-soo Kang,Byeong-cheol Kang,Young-heun Jee,Bruce H Williams,Young-oh Kwon,Da-hee Jeong 대한수의학회 2003 Journal of Veterinary Science Vol.4 No.2

Cirrhosis Occurring in a Young Woodchuck (Marmota monax) Due to Vertical Transmission of Woodchuck Hepatitis Virus (WHV)Da-hee Jeong, Won-il Jeong, Jae-yong Chung, Mi-young An, Chae-yong Jung, Gyoung-jae Lee1, Jong-soo Kang1, Byeong-cheol Kang2, Young-heun Jee3, Bruce H Williams4, Young-oh Kwon5 and Kyu-shik Jeong*College of Veterinary Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 702-701, Korea1Shinwon Scientific Co., LTD, Research Institute, Suwon, Korea2Clinical Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul 110-744, Korea3College of Veterinary Medicine, Jeju National University, Jeju 690-756, Korea

호밀 (Secale cereale L.)유식물의 질산환원효소의 활량과 단백질함량에 관한 Cycloheximide의 영향

권오용,이영하,오희목,박흥순,이진철 충남대학교 자연과학연구소 1988 忠南科學硏究誌 Vol.15 No.2

This work was accomplished with 6 day-old rye (Secale cereale L.) seedlings to determine the effect of the antibiotics by cycloheximide on in vivo nitrate reductase activity, protein and RNA content. The nitrate reductase activity by treating 0.1μM and 0.1 mM cycloheximide was lower than that of the control group. The optimum pH for the nitrate reductase of the control group was 7.6 in the range of pH 5.6-8.0, but, in the case of 0.1mM cycloheximide treatment group, the optimum pH was decreased to 6.8 within the weak the acid region. The protein content of shoot and root in the 0.1μM and 0.1 mM cycloheximide treatment groups were respectively found at the 96%, 82% level of that in the control group. In the higher cycloheximide treatment (0.1 mM CH), not only nitrate reductase activity and protein content but also RNA content was greatly decreased. In this fact, it was suggested that the 0.1 mM cycloheximide had affected on the RNA polymerase. On the basis of there results, it was concluded that the decreased nitrate reductase activity by treating cycloheximide occurred primarily according to the decreased nitrate uptake, and the decreased protein and RNA content depended upon the results of the direct and indirect effect of cycloheximide on the protein synthesis.

한식당의 서비스품질이 고객애호도에 미치는 영향 : 서비스가치와 고객만족의 매개역할 Mediating Roles of Service Value and Customer Satisfaction

권용주,박경희 慶熙大學校 觀光産業情報硏究院 1999 觀光産業情報論集 Vol.1 No.-

This study attempts 1) to investigate the influences of service quality on customer loyalty in the Korean restaurant industry and 2) to examine how service value and customer satisfaction play mediating roles between service quality and customer loyalty. For these purposes the authors developed a structural model which consists of several variables. Data were collected from 218 respondent responded to the questionnaire. The data were analyzed with Lisrel 8W. The results can be summarized as follows: First the service quality influences customer satisfaction through the mediation of service value. Second, the customer satisfaction influences customer loyalty through the mediation of customer satisfaction. These su99est that, to achieve the customer satisfaction and customer loyalty, service marketers have to try to improve service value, which can be a trade-off between the given price and the achieved service quality, rather than service quality only. At the end of the paper, theoretical contributions, managerial implications, limitations and future research directions are discussed .

신경회로망 제어기를 이용한 PID 파라미터 추정에 관한 연구

權重東,裵銀敬,金恩基,全基英,李承桓,吳鳳煥,李勳九,金容珠,韓慶熙 明知大學校 産業技術硏究所 2006 産業技術硏究所論文集 Vol.25 No.-

In this paper, supposed to solve these problem to PID parameters controller algorithm using ANN. In the proposed algorithm, the parameters of the controller were adjusted to reduce by on-line system the error of the speed of IM. In this process, EBPA NN was constituted to an output error value of an IM and conspired an input and output. The performance of the self-tuning controller is compared with that of the PH) controller tuned by conventional method (Ziehler-Nichols). The effectiveness of the proposed control method is verified thought the Matlab Simulink and experimental results.

복소-대수 사상과 이동 불변 신경망을 이용한 크기 및 회전 불변 패턴 인식

권희용 안양대학교 자연과학연구소 1995 自然科學硏究 Vol.2 No.-

본 논문에서는 복소-대수 사상 (Complex-Log Mapping, CLM)과 이동 불변 신경망 (Translation Invariant Neural Network, TINN)을 이용하여 크기 및 회전 변형된 이차원 영상을 효율적으로 인식할 수 있는 방법을 제안한다. 복소-대수 사상은 크기 및 회전 변형에 무관한 특징 추출에 매우 유용한 변환(Transform)으로 알려져 있다. 그러나 변환 결과는 환-이동(Wrap-around Translation)된 형태로 나타나므로 인식 과정에서 이 환-이동 현상을 해결해야하는 부담이 있다. 최근 이차 신경망을 이용하여 이 문제를 해결하는 방법이 소개되었다. 그러나 이 방법은 환-이동 불변 특징을 추출하는 신경망의 연결 복잡도가 O(n^2)이므로 실용성이 부족하다. 따라서 본 논문에서는 이동 불변 신경망을 이용하여 연결 복잡도를 O(n*log(n))으로 줄인 새로운 방법을 제안한다. 제안된 방법은 신경망의 크기를 크게 줄이면서도 이차 신경망을 이용한 방법과 유사한 인식 성능을 보여 준다. This paper proposes an efficient scale and rotation invariant 2-D object recognition method using Complex-Log Mapping(CLM) and Translation Invariant Neural Network(TINN). CLM is known as very useful transform for extracting scale and rotation invariant features. However, the results are given in a wrap-around translated form, which requires subsequent wrap-translation invariant recognition steps. Recently, a new method using an augmented second order neural network(SONN) was proposed as solution. It requires, however, a connection complexity O(n^2) for input feature extraction which is too high to be implemented. The proposed method reduces the connection complexity to O(n*log(n)) by using TINN. Experimental results show that the recognition performance of the proposed method is almost the same as that of SONN while its network size is significantly reduced.

全州地方産 사과의 化學成分에 관한 硏究 : Ⅲ. 糖類의 含量變化에 관하여 Ⅲ. A Study on the Change of the Free Suger Contents

權涌周,梁熙天 全北大學校 1976 論文集 Vol.18 No.-

Eight varieties of apples were sampled periodically from Jeonju area during their growth and ripening and the change of the suger contents was surveyed. The sugars in the apples were first detected by T.L.C. method and then these sugars were fractionated by determining the contents of total soluble sugar, reducing sugar and aldohexose. The result were summarized as follows: 1. From the early growing stage of the fruit body three kinds of sugar, D-glucose, D-fructose, and sucrose were detected in all the sample varieties. Of these sugars D-fructose was always detected as the biggest dark green spot. 2. At harvest, the content of fructose was 1.14-3.21 times of glucose and the content of sucrose 1.06-2.13 times of glucose. The content of non-reducing sugar increased continuously and remarkably with the growing of the fruit. The reducing sugar content increased remarkably at the early growing stage but after the fruit grew to a certain size the sugar content was observed to be fixed or to decrease slightly. 3. The toal soluble surgar content was at the range of 8.23-8.61 percent of early-maturing varieties and about 10 per cent of late-maturing varieties. Of late-maturing varieties golden delicious showed the highest sugar content, 12.14 per cent and ben davis the lowest, 8.75 per cent.

Film중감지와 Film의 활용에 따른 화질특성의 고찰

권용재,이상모,김순희,김도형,최태균 한국건강관리협회 2000 건협 Report Vol.3 No.-

남부지역에서의 양파 수확, 저장 및 유통실태

권병선,이을태,오용비,정동희,이조진 順天大學校 師範大學 附屬 科學敎育硏究所 1996 科學과 敎育 Vol.4 No.-

This study was carried out to find marketing, storage and harvest of onion in southern parts of Korea from Jan. 1994 to Apr. 1994. Early maturing cultivar harvest between 10th and 20th of May but late maturing cultivar harvest between 10th and 20th of June, this period was busy farming season with a shortage of labor. Early maturing cultivar was send out good directly but late maturing cultivar was send out good after shortage the simple store house with the period 7-9 month, and professional seed production farmer are not in here. We hope that this report stimulates research to investigate for the establishment of not only harvesting practices such as varietal improvement, machanical harvesting and disease resistant variety for the storage.

지속성 외래복막투석 환자들의 예후에 영향을 미치는 요인들에 관한 고찰

권혁만,김찬덕,조지형,장민화,최혁준,이현철,박자용,박선희,김용림 대한신장학회 2004 대한신장학회잡지 Vol.23 No.2