영어 읽기 전략 지도가 대학생의 읽기·쓰기 통합 과제 수행, 전략 사용 및 태도에 미치는 영향

양문정,이은주 현대영어교육학회 2012 현대영어교육 Vol.13 No.2

The present study aims to examine the effects of reading strategy instruction on the performance of integrated reading-to-write tasks, strategy use, and the attitude of learners. For this study, twenty undergraduate students were divided into two groups: The control group and the reading strategy instruction group. The reading strategy group received the instruction of twelve reading strategies that were used in integrated reading-to-write tasks, whereas the control group received the traditional reading instruction. The results of the study showed that there were statistically significant differences regarding the performances of integrated reading-to-write tasks between the groups. There were significant differences of strategy use between the pre- and posttests of the advanced learners and the intermediate learners. Further, there were significant differences of strategy use between the advanced learners and the intermediate learners in integrated reading-to-write tasks. The pre- and post-survey results showed that the reading strategy instruction had a positive influence on students’ attitudes towards the integrated reading-to-write tasks.

암 환자의 우울과 통증 : 일 예비적 연구

양문정,전양환,한상익,한치화,엄현석 대한신경정신의학회 2000 신경정신의학 Vol.39 No.6

연구목적 : 암 환자에서 우울과 통증의 정도, 우울과 통증에 영향을 줄 수 있는 요인들을 조사하고, 우울과 통증사이에 어떤 연관이 있는지 알아보고자 하였다. 방 법 : 종양내과에 입원한 암 환자 25명(남자 : 10명, 여자 :15명)을 대상으로 하여 내과 병록지 거모, 환자 및 가족과의 면담을 시행하였다. 정신과적 진단은 DSM-IV진단 기준에 의하였으며, 우울의 정도는 Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression(HRSD)로 평가하였고 통증의 유무를 평가한 뒤, 통증이 있는 경우 Brief Pain Inventory(BPI)를 시행하여 통증의 강도(최대, 최소,평균,현재), 통증에 의한 기능 방해 정도, 진통제에 의한 호전정도를 점수로 평가하였다. 결 과 : 전체 환자중 주요 우울증이 32%(8명), 경도 우울증이 16%(4명), 적응장애가 16%(4명)이었다. HRSD점수는 통증의 최대강도, 평균강도, 현재강도, 통증에 의한 기능방해정도와 유의한 상관관계가 있었으나, 통증의 최소강도, 진통제에 의한 호전 정도와는 유의한 상관관계가 없었으며, 이환 기간과 HRSD점수 및 통증 점수 사이에도 유의한 상관관계가 없었다. 성별, 종교, 암의전이여부,병황의 인식 여부에 따라 HRSD점수와 통증 점수에 차이가 없었으나, 현재 미혼 또는 사별 상태에 있는 환자들에서 결혼하여 배우자가 있는 환자들보다 HRSD점수와 통증의 최소강도, 평균강도가 유의하게 높았다. 결 론 : 암환자에게서는 우울증과 통증이 있는 경우가 많았다. 우울증과 통증간에 밀접한 상관관계가 있음을 알수 있었다. 본 연구의 결과는 암 환자에서 우울증과 통증에 대한 보다 적극적인 평가와 개입이 이루어져야 함을 시사하는 것이다. Objective : This study was designed to evaluate how much depression and pain symptoms could be shown, what kink of factors affect them, and whether the correlation between them could be or not in patients with cancer. Methods : The subjects were composed of 25 patients with cancer who admitted a the department of oncology(male:10, female :15). We reviewed the medical record and interviewed patients and their family. A psychiatric diagnosis was made according to the criteria of the DSM-IV, and depressive symptoms were evaluated by Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression(HRSD). The intensity of pain(maximal, minimal, mean, present), disability due to pain, te effects of analgesics were measured by Brief Pain Inventory(BPI). Results : 32% of patients had major depressive disorders, 16% of patients had depressive disorders, NOS and 16% of the patients had adjustment disorders. The score of HRSD was significantly correlated wit the maximal intensity, mean intensity and present intensity of pain and disability due to pain, but not with minimal intensity and the effects of analgesics. Depression and pain were not correlated with duration of illness. Scores of depression and pain did not differ in sex, religion, metastasis, and the knowledge of illness. The widowed or unmarried patients showed significantly higher scores than patients living with the spouse in HRSD, minimal intensity and mean intensity of pain. Conclusion : In patients with cancer, depression and pain were highly prevalant. The relationship between depression and pain was shown in patients with cancer. These results suggest that more active evaluation and intervention of depression and pain should be carried out in patients with cancer.

환경형법상 환경범죄 개념의 재정립

양문정,박성민 경상국립대학교 법학연구소 2021 法學硏究 Vol.29 No.2

With the advancement of science and technology since the Industrial Revolution, humanity's ability to transform nature has increased unprecedentedly. At the same time, the conflict between humans and nature was remarkable, and environmental issues became a global concern. In particular, in the late 20th century, as countries around the world progressed to industrialization for economic development, a large amount of natural resources were consumed, and in this process, hazardous substances such as waste were artificially released, became a huge threat to human health and life. As a result, countries around the world enjoy the benefits of industrialization and are also taking damage from environmental problems. Both Korea and China also encountered a series of environmental problems in the process of economic development. * Doctor’s degree, college of law, Gyeongsang National University. ** Associate professor, college of law, Gyeongsang National University. First, Korea reorganized its legal system to cope with environmental issues. Starting with the enactment of the 「Pollution Prevention Act」 in the 1960s, the 「Framework Act on Environmental Policy」, the 「Special Act on the Punishment of Environmental Offences」, and 「Act on the Control and Aggravated Punishment of Environmental Offences」 have been enacted. Until the end of the 1970s, China promulgated the 「Environmental Protection Act」 and played a role in cracking down on environmental infringement activities along with the 「Criminal Law」. Following the process of reformation, China enacted laws such as the 「Water Pollution Control Act」, 「Air Pollution Control Act」, and 「Forest Act」. And the criminal law also separately stipulates the crime of destroying the environmental resources, establishing a legal system for environmental protection in China. However, innovation in science and technology is increasing the number of factors that can cause changes in the environmental concept such as the creation of synthetic organisms and the spread of infectious pathogens. It was necessary to confirm the concept of environmental and environmental offences and re-establish it in order to distinguish it from crimes. Therefore, in the paper, the environmental concept of both Korea and China and the concept of environmental offences were identified, and after confirming the difference between China and Korea, the possibility of change in the concept of environmental offences was sought. 산업혁명이래 과학기술의 발전으로 인류의 자연개조 능력은 전례 없이 높아졌다. 이와 동시에 인간과 자연 간의 갈등도 두드러져 환경문제는 세계적 관심사가 되었다. 특히 20세기 후반 세계 각국은 경제 발전을 위해 산업화를 진행하면서 대량의 자연자원이 소모되었고, 이 과정에서 폐기물 등 유해물질이 인위적으로 방출되어 인류의 건강과 생명에 막대한 위협을 가져다주었다. 이로 인해 세계 각국은 산업화의 혜택을 향유하면서 환경문제로 인한 피해도 감수하고 있다. 한중 양국도 경제개발과정에서 일련의 환경문제에 봉착하였다. 먼저 한국은 환경문제에 대응하기 위해 법제도를 정비하였는데, 1960년대 「공해방지법(폐지)」제정을 필두로 「환경정책기본법」, 「환경범죄의 처벌에 관한 특별조치법(폐지)」, 「환경범죄 등의 단속 및 가중처벌에 관한 법률」 등의 법률을 제정하였다. 중국은 1970년대 말까지 「환경보호법」을 반포해 「형법」과 함께 환경침해행위를 단속하는 역할을 하였다. 이후 개혁개방의 추진과정에 따라 중국은 「수오염방치법」, 「대기오염방치법」, 「산림법」 등 법률을 제정하고, 형법에도 환경자원보호파괴죄를 별도로 규정해 중국의 환경보호 법체계를 확립해나가고 있다. 그러나 과학기술의 혁신은 합성생물의 창조, 전염병병원체의 확산 등 환경개념의 변화를 초래할 수 있는 요소들이 증가하고 있으며, 특히 환경범죄는 정통적인 범죄군과 인과관계 판단의 기제에 있어 차별화되는 만큼 다른 범죄군과의 구별을 위해서라도 환경 및 환경범죄의 개념을 확인하고 이를 재정립할 필요가 있었다. 이에 본문에서는 한중 양국의 환경개념 및 환경범죄개념을 확인하고 중국과 한국의 차이점을 확인한 후 환경범죄개념의 변화가능성을 모색하였다.

중국 위법수집증거배제법칙의 판례 및 개선방안에 관한 연구

박종근(朴宗根),양문정(?文?) 전북대학교 법학연구소 2020 法學硏究 Vol.64 No.-

중국이 처음으로 1979년에 형사소송법을 제정하고 공포하였는데, 그 당시 세계가 사회주의와 자본주의 진영으로 분열된 입법배경에서 위법수집증거배제법칙에 대해서 부정적인 태도를 보여줄 수밖에 없었다. 그러다가 30년이 지난 2012년 제2차 개정에서 드디어 정식으로 위법수집증거배제법칙을 도입하게 되었다. 다만 아직도 입법 이념상 차이가 있으므로, 한국을 비롯한 자본주의 입법과 비교하여 볼 때 여전히 시각적 차이를 보여주고 있는 것은 사실이지만, 위법수집증거배제법칙의 도입은 중국 형사소송제도의 민주화와 법치화(法治化)의 상징이라고 평가할 수 있다. 또한 최근에 와서 위법수집증거배제법칙을 적용하여 적법한 절차에 의해 수집된 증거가 아니면 그 증거의 능력을 부정하는 판례를 많이 찾아 볼 수 있다. 향후 위법수집증거배제법칙과 같은 인권보장을 지향하는 선진적인 형사소송제도가 제대로 자리매김을 하고 역할을 발휘하려면 피의자와 수사기관, 피고인과 공소기관 간에 대등한 관계를 목적으로 하는 형사소송구조에 대한 개혁이 선행되어야 한다. China first formulated and promulgated the Criminal Procedure Law in 1979. Under the background that the world was split into socialist and capitalist camps, it could only take a negative attitude towards the rule of exclusion of illegal evidence. It was not until the second amendment to the Criminal Procedure Law in 2012 that 30 years later, the rule of exclusion of illegal evidence was finally officially introduced. Only due to the current differences in legislative concepts, there is still a visual difference compared with capitalist legislation led by South Korea, but the introduction of illegal evidence exclusion rules can be said to be a symbol of the democratization and rule of law in China’s criminal procedure law system. Moreover, in recent years, it has also been discovered that there have been many cases of applying illegal evidence exclusion rules, denying the evidence ability of evidence collected not in accordance with legal procedures. At present, Chinas criminal procedure law is based on super-ex officio doctrine, so it is difficult to form an equal relationship between suspects and investigative agencies, and between defendants and public prosecution agencies. For example, investigations are still carried out on the basis of authority, the doctrine of warrant is not established, the defendants right to reject statements is not recognized, and the defenders right to participate is not guaranteed in the interrogation procedure of suspects. Therefore, only by solving this problem can the advanced criminal procedure system, such as the rule of exclusion of illegal evidence, which is oriented towards human rights protection, can play its due role.

Clinically Significant Unclassified Variants in BRCA1 and BRCA2 Genes among Korean Breast Cancer Patients

윤경아,박보영,이병일,양문정,공선영,이은숙 대한암학회 2017 Cancer Research and Treatment Vol.49 No.3

Purpose Unclassified variants (UVs) of BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes are not defined as pathogenic for breast cancer, and their clinical significance currently remains undefined. Therefore, this study was conducted to identify potentially pathogenic UVs by comparing their prevalence between breast cancer patients and controls. Materials and Methods A total of 328 breast cancer patients underwent BRCA1/2 genetic screening at the National Cancer Center of Korea. Genetic variants of BRCA genes that were categorized as unclassified according to the Breast Cancer Information Core database were selected based on allelic frequency, after which candidate variants were genotyped in 421 healthy controls. We also examined family members of the study participants. Finally, the effects of amino acid substitutions on protein structure and function were predicted in silico. Results Genetic tests revealed 33 UVs in BRCA1 and 47 in BRCA2. Among 15 candidates genotyped in healthy controls, c.5339T>C in BRCA1 and c.6029T>G, c.7522G>A in BRCA2 were not detected. Moreover, the c.5339T>C variant in the BRCA1 gene was detected in four patients with a family history of breast cancer. This nonsynonymous variant (Leu1780Pro) in the BRCA1 C-terminal domain was predicted to have an effect on BRCA1 protein structure/function. Conclusion This study showed that comparison of genotype frequency between cases and controls could help identify UVs of BRCA genes that are potentially pathogenic. Moreover, our findings suggest that c.5339T>C in BRCA1might be a pathogenic variant for patients and their families.

항정신병약물 사용 중인 정신분열병 환자에서 올란자핀으로의 교체 방법에 관한 연구(Ⅱ) - 안전성 비교 -

안용민,권용실,권준수,민성호,박두병,양문정,소형석,송종호,신윤식,우행원,유범희,이홍석,정한용,한창환,김용식 대한신경정신의학회 2002 신경정신의학 Vol.41 No.5

연구목적: 이 다기관 공동임상연구는 사용 중인 항정신병약물을‘직접 교체 방법’ 또는‘시작-감량 교체 방법’ 중 한 가지 방법으로 올란자핀으로 교체한 후, 안전성 측면에서 두 교체 방법 간의 비교와 교체후의 변 화를 관찰하기 위한 것이다. 방 법: 국내 13개 병원의 입원 및 외래에 내원한 환자들 중 ICD-10 진단기준으로 정신분열병에 해당되며, 임상적으로 항정신병약물 교체가 필요한 환자를 대상으로 하였다. 두 가지 교체 방법 중 한 가지를 무 작위로 피험자에 적용하였으며,‘직접 교체 방법’에 배정된 경우에는 사용중인 항정신병약물을 일시에 중단하고 10mg의 올란자핀을 바로 투여하였고,‘시작-감량 교체 방법’에 배정된 경우는 10mg의 올 란자핀 투여하고 2주에 걸쳐서 기존 약물을 감량하여 중단하였다. 올란자핀 사용기간은 총 6주이며, 용 량은 5~20mg 범위로 제한하였다. 안전성 평가를 위해서 체중, 생명징후, 자발적인 이상반응 보고, 실험 실 검사 그리고 Simpson-Angus Scale(SAS), Barnes akathisia rating scale(BARS), Abnormal involuntary movement scale(AIMS), Liverpool University neuroleptic side effect rating scale (LUNSERS)등을 이용하였다. 결 과: 총 103명의 정신분열병 환자를 대상으로 하였다. 사용한 올란자핀의 용량, 벤조디아제핀의 병용률, 탈락 률과 탈락 사유, 자발적인 이상반응 보고, 생명징후, 실험실 검사 그리고 대부분의 부작용 척도 상에서 임 상적으로 의미 있는 차이를 두 교체 방법간에 발견하지 못하였다. 다만 AIMS의 감소는‘직접 교체 방법’ 군에서 보다 적었고, 항콜린제의 병용률은‘시작-감량 교체 방법’군에서 보다 많았다. 기저 상태에서 전 체 피험자의 SAS와 BARS 점수는 각각 3.5점과 1.8점이었으며 70%이상의 피험자가 고프로락틴 혈증을 보였다. 올란자핀으로 교체한 후, SAS, BARS, AIMS 점수의 유의한 감소가 있었으며 고프로락틴 혈증 을 보인 피험자 분율도 약 30%이하로 감소하였다. 그러나 교체 방법과 상관없이 올란자핀 교체 후 유의 한 체중 증가가 있었다. 결 론: 이 연구를 통해 교체 방법에 관계없이 비교적 안전하고 용이하게 올란자핀으로 교체 할 수 있음을 알 수 있었다. 그리고 기존 항정신병약물을 올란자핀으로 교체함으로써 일부 부작용들을 줄일 수 있음을 간접적으로 관찰할 수 있었다. 하지만 이 연구는 여러 제한점과 문제점을 지니고 있기 때문에 보다 체계 적인 연구를 통해 검정이 필요하리라 생각된다. Objectives:This multicenter clinical trial involving 13 hospital sites compared the safety of switching to olanzapine between ‘direct switching method’ and ‘start-tapering switching method’. Method:This study included both inpatients and outpatients who fulfilled the criteria for schizophrenia as defined in the ICD-10, and were in need to be appropriate for switching antipsychotics. Subjects were randomly assigned to one of the two switching methods. For ‘direct switching method’ group, previous antipsychotics were abruptly discontinued and 10mg of olanzapine was administered, whereas for ‘start-tapering switching method’ group, initially 10mg of olanzapine was administered and previous antipsychotics was gradually tapered for 2 weeks. Olanzapine was used for 6 weeks and the dose was adjusted within the range of 5-20mg. The safety of switching to olanzapine was measured with vital signs including body weight, adverse events reported spontaneously, laboratory tests, and various scales such as Simpson-Angus Scale(SAS), Barnes Akathisia Rating Scale(BARS), Abnormal Involuntary Movement Scale(AIMS), and Liverpool University Neuroleptic Side Effect Rating Scale(LUNSERS). Results:103 patients were switched to olanzapine in this study. The comparison between two switching methods did not show any significant difference in the dosage of olanzapine used, the concomitant use of benzodiazepine, the rate and reasons of drop-out, the adverse events, vital signs, laboratory tests, and most scales for measuring side-effects. However, the decrease in AIMS scores was significantly lower in ‘direct switching method’ group, and the concomitant use of anticholinergics was comparatively greater in ‘start-tapering switching method’ group. At baseline, SAS and BARS scores were 3.5 and 1.8 points respectively, and more than 70% of the subjects showed hyperprolactinemia. After switching to olanzapine, SAS, BARS, and AIMS scores were significantly decreased and the proportion of the patients with hyperprolactinemia was also decreased to less than 30%. However significant weight gain after the treatment of olanzapine was observed regardless of switching method. Conclusion:This study may suggest that switching to olanzapine can be done with relatively high safety regardless of switching methods and olanzapine can significantly decrease some side-effects induced by other antipsychotics.

항정신병약물 사용 중인 정신분열병 환자에서 올란자판으로의 교체 방법에 관한 연구(II) : Comparison of Safety 안전성 비교

안용민,권용실,권준수,민성호,박두병,양문정,소형석,송종호,신윤식,우행원,유범희,이홍석,정한용,한창환,김용식 大韓神經精神醫學會 2002 신경정신의학 Vol.41 No.5

연구목적: 이 다기관 공동임상연구는 사용 중인 항정신병약물을 ’직접 교체 방법’또는 ’시작-감량 교체 방법’중 한 가지 방법으로 올란자핀으로 교체한 후, 안정성 측면에서 두 교체 방법 간의 비교와 교체후의 변화를 관찰하기 위한 것이다. 방법: 국내 13개 병원의 입원 및 외래에 내원한 환자들 중 ICD-10 지단기준으로 정신분열병에 해당되며, 임상적으로 항정신병약물 교체가 필요한 환자를 대상으로 하였다. 두 가지 교체 방법 중 한 가지를 무작위로 피험자에 적용하였으며, ’직접 교체 방법’에 배정된 경우에는 사용중인 항정신병약물을 일시에 중단하고 10㎎의 올란자핀을 바로 투여하였고, ’시작-감량 교체 방법’에 배정된 경우는 10㎎의 올란자핀 투여하고 2주에 걸쳐서 기존 약물을 감량하여 중단하였다. 올란자핀 사용기간은 총 6주이며, 용량은 5∼20㎎ 범위로 제한하였다. 한정성 평가를 위해서 체중, 생명징후, 자발적인 이상반응 복, 실험실 검사 그리고 Simpson-Angus Scale(SAS), Barnes akathisia rating scale(BARS), Abnormal involuntary movement scale(AIMS). Liverpool University neuroleptic side effect rating scale(LUNSERS)등을 이용하였다. 결과: 총 103명의 정신분열병 환자를 대상으로 하였다. 사용한 올란자핀의 용량, 벤조디아제핀의 병용률, 탈락률과 탈락 사유, 자발적인 이상반응 보고, 생명징후, 실험실 검사 그리고 대부분의 부작용 척도 상에서 임상적으로 의미 있는 차이를 두 교체 방법간에 발견하지 못하였다. 다만 AIMS의 감소는 ’직접 교체 방법’군에서 보다 적었고, 항콜린제의 병용률은 ’시작-감량 교체 방법’군에서 보다 많았다. 기저 상태에서 전체 피험자의 SAS와 BARS 점수는 각각 3.5점과 1.8점이었으며 70% 이상의 피험자가 고프로락틴 혈증을 보였다. 올란자핀으로 교체한 후, SAS, BARS, AIMS 점수의 유의한 감소가 있었으며 고프로락틴 혈증을 보인 피험자 분율도 약 30%이하로 감소하였다. 그러나 교체 방법과 상관없이 올란자핀 교체 후 유의한 체중 증가가 있었다. 결론: 이 연구를 통해 교체 방법에 관계없이 비교적 안전하고 용이하게 올란자핀으로 교체 할 수 있음을 알 수 있었다. 그리고 기존 항정신병약물을 올란자핀으로 교체함으로써 일부 부작용들을 줄일 수 있음을 간접적으로 관찰할 수 있었다. 하지만 이 연구는 여러 제한점과 문제점을 지니고 있기 때문에 보다 체계적인 연구를 통해 검정이 필요하리라 생각된다. Objectives: This multicenter clinical trial involving 13 hospital sites compared the safely of switching to olanzapine between ’direct switching method’ and ’start-tapering switching method’. Method: This study included both inpatients and outpatients who fulfilled the criteria for schizophrenia as defined in the ICD-10, and were in need to be appropriate for switching antipsychotics. Subjects were randomly assigned to one of the two switching methods. For ’direct switching method’group, previous antipsychotics were abruptly discontinued and 10㎎ of olanzapine was administered, and previous antipsychotics was gradually tapered for 2 weeks. Olanzapine was used for 6 weeks and the dose was adjusted within the range of 5-20㎎. The safety of switching to olanzapine was measured with vital sings including body weight, adverse events reported spontaneously, laboratory tests, and various scales such as Simpson-Angus Scale(SAS), Barnes Akathisia Rating Scale(BARS). Abnormal Involuntary Movement Scale(AIMS), and Liverpool University Neuroleptic Side Effect Rating Scale(LUNSERS). Results: 103 patients were switched to olanzapine in this study. The comparison between two switching methods did not show any significant difference in the dosage of olanzapine used, the concomitant use of benzodiazepine, the rate and reasons of drop-out, the adverse events, vital signs, laboratory tests, and most scales for measuring side-effects. However, the decrease in AIMS scores was significantly lower in ’direct switching method’ group, and the concomitant use of anticholinergics was comparatively greater in ’start-tapering switching method’ group. At baseline, SAS and BARS scores were 3.5 and 1.8 points respectively, and more than 70% of the subjects showed hyperprolactinemia. After switching to olanzapine, SAS, BARS, and AIMS scores were significantly decreased and the proportion of the patients with hyperprolactinemia was also decreased to less than 30%. However significant weight gain after the treatment of olanzapine was observed regardless of switching method. Conclusion: This study may suggest that switching to olanzapine can be done with relatively high safety regardless of switching methods and olanzapine can significantly decrease some side-effects induced by other antipsychotics.

알코올중독증 환자의 대뇌 국소혈류량 변화

이정태(Chung Tai Lee),손형선(Hyung-Sun Sohn),성양숙(Yang-Sook Sung),양문정(Mun-Jung Yang),채정호(Jeong-Ho Chae),박원명(Won-Myong Bahk),김광수(Kwang-Soo Kim),유태열(Tae-Yul Lew) 한국중독정신의학회 1998 중독정신의학 Vol.2 No.1

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of chronic alcohol intake to regional cerebral blood flow in the patients with alcohol dependence by single photon emission computerized tomography (SPECT). The subjects were detoxified alcoholic inpatients (n=10) diagnosed as alcohol dependence by DSM-IV criteria and control group (n=8). The regions of interest (ROIs) were drawn in frontal lobe (3 ROIs), temporal lobe (3 ROIs), parietal lobe (3 ROIs), occipital lobe (1 ROI), and thalamus (1 ROI). We compared data from chronic alcoholic patients to those from controls about cerebral asymmetry indices and regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) indices measured from each ROI. The results were as follows:1) There were significant differences in asymmetry indices of thalamus with alcoholic patients and control group (p<0.05). 2) rCBF indices of alcoholic patients were significantly higher than those of control group in left posterior temporal cortex, right posterior parietal cortex and right thalamus (p<0.05), and tended strongly to be higher than those of control group in right posterior temporal cortex, left posterior parietal cortex and left superior lateral frontal cortex. The result of increased rCBF in cerebral cortex and thalamus of detoxified inpatients with alcohol dependence suggested that there may exist a significant association between alcohol dependence and frontothalamic circuitry as brain reward system. In comparison of rCBF in both hemispheres, rCBF in right thalamus was observed to increase, which is possibly associated with impulsivity and change of affective status. Further research on the change of rCBF according to the duration after alcohol withdrawal is warranted.