흰쥐 대뇌피질에서의 Cholecystokinin Octapeptide의 分布

황정한,조희중,김은희,박매자,배용철,홍해숙,주강 慶北大學校 醫科大學 1990 慶北醫大誌 Vol.31 No.4

흰쥐 대뇌피질에서 cholecystokinin octapeptide(CCK-8)의 분포를 관찰하기 위하여 간접면역형 광법을 행하여 관찰해 본 결과 다음의 많은 부위에서 CCK-8양성세포 및 양성섬유를 관찰할 수 있었다. 신피질: CCK-8양성세포는 주로 제2, 3층에서, 양성섬유는 제2, 3 그리고 6층에서 저밀도를 나타내었다. 후구: 전후핵에서 많은 CCK-8양성세포 및 양성섬유를 관찰하였다. 이상엽 및 후내야: 양성세포는 주로 제2층에서 관찰되었으며 양성섬유는 제2층에서 중밀도 제3층에서 저밀도로 관찰되었다. 해마체: 많은 양성세포 및 고밀도의 양성섬유가 원추세포층에서 관찰되었다. In order to investigate the distribution of immunoreactive cholecystokinin octapeptide (CCK-8) containing neurons in the cerebral cortex of the rat, brains of the rats were processed for indirect immunofluorescent technique. The results obtained were as follows. Neocortex; CCK-8 immunoreactive cell bodies were found in layer Ⅱ and Ⅲ and immunoreactive axon terminals were heaviest in layers Ⅱ, Ⅲ and Ⅵ. Olfactory bulb; The anterior olfactory nucleus contained numerous CCK-8 immunoreactive cell bodies and a moderate density of immunoreactive axon terminals. Piriform and entorrhinal cortex; CCK-8 immunoreactive neurons and axon terminals were observed in layer Ⅱ and Ⅲ. However, they were more frequent in layer Ⅱ. Hippocampus; CCK-8 immunoreactive cell bodies and axon terminals were found in pyramidal layer.

혼화재 종류별 온도 변화에 따른 시멘트 모르터의 응결 및 강도발현 특성

주은희,손명수,차천수,황인성,김성수,한천구 대한건축학회 2004 대한건축학회 학술발표대회 논문집 - 계획계/구조계 Vol.24 No.1(구조계)

In this paper, setting and strength development of cement mortar are discussed under various mineral admixture content and curing temperature. Setting time exhibited an increasing tendency with an increase in curing temperature. Under low curing temperature, use of CKD resulted in a reduction in setting retarding, whereas FA and BS retarded the setting time of cement mortar. For compressive strength, high curing temperature and age leaded to an increase in compressive strength of concrete. Under low curing temperature, the use of CKD resulted in an enhancement of compressive strength at early stage, and exhibited a similar level of compressive strength with plain concrete. For this reason, use of CKD in cold weather concreting has positive effect on strength development at low curing temperature under early age.

위암수술 환자에서의 cp 개발과 cp적용에 따른 질 향상 활동에 관한 연구

임은주,황순휘,박도중,하광일,배현주,김형호 한국의료QA학회 2006 한국의료질향상학회지 Vol.13 No.2

Background : In an era of increasing medical costs, safe reduction in postoperative stay has become a major focus to optimize utilization of healthcare resources. The authors aimed to evaluate the clinical significance of the critical pathway(CP) for gastrectomy patients by implementing standardized postoperative management and electronic medical records. Method : From August 2006 to April 2007, critical pathways were introduced to inpatients and outpatients with gastric cancer. 60 consecutive patients undergoing distal gastrectomy were randomly divided into two groups; 30 CP group(A) and 30 non-CP group(B). Simultaneously, we also retrospectively reviewed the records of 438 patients(C:control group) who were able to be enrolled in CP program. We compared group(A) with (B), (C) in terms of hospital stay, complication rate, use of antibiotics and hospital costs. Patient satisfaction was surveyed by questionnaires. Result : There was no significant demographic difference between group(A) and (B). Of 30 patients in group(A), 5 drop-outs and 14 variances occurred. The mean postoperative hospital stays(Laparoscopy-assisted distal gastrectomy: LADG/Open distal gastrectomy: ODG) were 7.6/10.5 days for the group(A), 8.9/12.7 days for the group(B) and 12.6/14.5 days for the group(C) (p=0.02 in LADG). The total hospital cost of group(A) had a tendency to be less than that of group(B) and the amount of hospital cost per day in group(A) was significantly higher than that in group(B). The usage rates of the first generation antibiotics were 73.33%, 63.33%, and 59.2% in group(A), (B), and (C), respectively. Patients’ satisfaction had a tendency to be higher in the CP group than non-CP group. Conclusion : The mean hospital stay in LADG patients was shortened meaningfully and hospital cost per day was enlarged after introduction of clinical pathway. It is necessary to apply a number of patients to the critical pathway and to make an effort to reduce the variation and drop-out rates.

지역 노인종합복지관의 시설현황과 공간구성에 관한 연구 : 천안시 노인종합복지관을 중심으로 Focused on Chonan City

황은주,정건채 대한건축학회 2003 대한건축학회 학술발표대회 논문집 - 계획계/구조계 Vol.23 No.1(계획계)

The purpose of this study is to analyze the present statistical conditions and spatial composition of the elderly senior welfare center in city. The analysis is divided into three main categories : survey of spatial composition, drawing plan of elderly senior welfare center, and interview with officers of it. The results are as follows : 1. The elderly welfare center is located by the central area in sphere of region 2. The functions of the elderly welfare center are summaried by welfare, culture, recreation, sport and assembly with working in the case of job. 3. There are two types of plan : the first is central type of intermediation space, second is type of a single building.

어절 형성 기능을 가진 Pratt 알고리즘에 의한 한국어 구문 분석

이은주,황유경 大田産業大學校 1997 한밭대학교 논문집 Vol.14 No.1

In this paper, the Korean syntactic analyzer is proposed. in which a word formative function is combined to the Pratt's algorithm. In Korean, word consists of head word and the function word, and function word is attached at the end of head word, so it decides the function of word. The fact increase the number of back-trackings and rule applications during parsing. So, the suggested algorithm creases word through Bottom-up parsing and then perform the parsing by the Pratt algorithm. The a1gorithm simplifies parsing procedure. The number of backtracking and rule applications is deduced, and the incorrectness of parsing is easily found. Therefore, the parsing time is decreased.

주요우울증이 근로자의 생산성에 미치는 영향 : WHO-HPQ(Health and Work Performance Questionnaire)를 이용한 예비연구

김원,황태연,함병주,이준석,최병휘,김세주,서용진,강은호,우종민 大韓神經精神醫學會 2007 신경정신의학 Vol.46 No.6

Objectives : Major depressive disorder (MDD) causes patients' distress and makes socioeconomic burden, both directly and indirectly. We used the concept of lost productive time (LPT) to estimate the indirect costs and calculated both absenteeism and presenteeism among workers with MDD. Mcthods : Depression group was recruited from workers visiting psychiatric outpatient clinic who had MDD without major physical or mental disorders (N= 106). Age and sex matched healthy control group was also recruited through advertisement (M=100). All participants completed a interview using WHO Health and Work Performance Questionnaire (HPQ), Job Stress Measurement Scale for Korean Employees, and Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression. Statistical analysis was performed with independent t-test or χ² test as characteristics of values (p=0.05). Results : The number of absence (0.94-day/month vs. 0.10-day/month, P=0.015) andthe numberofearly leaving (2.56-day/month vs. 0.24-day/month, P<0.001) were significantly higher in the depression group. Depression group evaluated their Perfor-mance level much lower than controls with significant value (5.16 vs. 7.62, P<0.001). In addition, depression group estimated their performance level during the last 4 weeks lower compared to the level of past 1-year (5.16 vs 6.63, P<0.001). The estimated costs of absenteeism in depression group were higher than controls by 2,520,000 Korean Won per year, and those of presenteeism were also higher by 4,880,000 Korean Won per year. The total costs of LPT in depression group were higher than controls by 7,400,000 Korean Won, which corresponds to 26% ofmean annual salary. In addition, the level of occupational stress, such as high demand and interpersonal conflict, was higher in the depression group. Conclusion : Major depressive disorder costs substantial productivity loss to workers and their company. Presenteeism imposes more time cost than absenteeism. Effectiveness trials are needed to devise cost-effective programs for the early detection and treatment of depression at the workplace.

성인 자원자에서 B방식 초음파를 이용해 측정한 경동맥 내막중막두께의 분포

이선규,황희영,김형식,장미선,이은주,강문호,고광곤 대한순환기학회 1999 Korean Circulation Journal Vol.29 No.11

정신보건법의 주요 쟁점 조항에 대한 선진국과의 사례 비교

홍진표,황순찬,박수빈,서동우,정은기,김진학,박종익,안주연,김수정,장홍석 大韓神經精神醫學會 2009 신경정신의학 Vol.48 No.2

Objectives The Mental Health Act is an initiative aimed at changing and shaping mental health services and protecting human rights of persons with mental disorders. Since the Mental Health Act was legislated in 1995, four amendments have been made according to the issues that arose from public concerns. However, there are still many debates about the human rights protection of the mentally iII. This study aimed to provide information regarding major aspects of the Mental Health Act by comparing them among several developed countries. Methods Current Mental Health Acts of the state of Michigan in the United States, Scotland in England, the state of Victoria in Australia, and Japan were reviewed. Issues regarding the Korean Mental Health Act were collected from seminar materials, news media contents, and mental health professionals Results The definition of subjects in Korean Mental Health Act was more inclusive than other countries and was derived from a medical classification of mental illness. Family members or guardians were granted important responsibilities for deciding the involuntary admission of mentally ill patients in Korea and Japan. In Western countries, Mental Health Review Tribunals or courts have the primary responsibility for important decisions about mentally ill patients. The regulation of immediate dis- charge after request by voluntarily admitted patients was not enacted in all countries except Korea. The mandatory procedure for involuntary admission in Western countries includes an individual case review with personal interview by a Mental Health Review Tribunal or court. Conclusion The Korean Mental Health Act appears to meet the basic standards of Guidelines from international organizations. Our traditional culture and inherent health systems seem to influence the legal regulation of mental health service and might be related to the problems of human rights protection of mentally ill patients in Korea.

시민참여와 정부신뢰

정수현,강한솔,황은진,이정주,노승용 서울여자대학교 사회과학연구소 2012 사회과학논총 Vol.19 No.-

이 연구는 시민참여와 정부신뢰와의 관계를 분석하는데 그 목적이 있다. 이를 위하여, 이 연구에서는 시민참여를 전통적인 오프라인 시민참여와 디지털 방식인 온라인 시민참여로 그 유형을 분류하고, 오프라인 시민참여와 온라인 시민참여의 경험이 정부신뢰와 어떤 관계가 있는지를 분석하였다. 2차 자료를 활용하여 빈도분석, 교차분석, t-test, 분산분석, 회귀분석 등을 실시한 결과 먼저, 우리나라 시민참여 경험자는 약 22% 정도이며, 오프라인 시민참여 경험자는 약 12%, 온라인 시민참여 경험자는 약 15%, 그리고 온라인과 오프라인 시민참여를 모두 경험한 시민은 약 5% 정도인 것으로 나타났다. 또한, 시민참여와 정부신뢰와는 관계를 분석한 결과 통계적으로 유의미한 관계가 없는 것으로 나타났다. 오히려, t-test 및 분산분석 결과 오프라인 및 온라인 시민참여 경험자에 비하여 무경험자의 정부신뢰 수준이 상대적으로 약간 더 높은 것으로 나타났다. 시민참여의 경험 유무 만으로 정부신뢰를 설명하는데는 한계가 있음을 보여 주는 결과일 뿐만 아니라 시민참여를 제도적으로 보장하는 것에서 나아가서 시민참여가 실질적 효과를 높일 수 있도록 시민참여과정에서 정부와 시민의 보다 적극적인 노력이 필요함을 보여주는 결과라 하겠다. Trust in government adds legitimacy to political system, provides social stability, and helps government to work effectively. In addition it increases cooperation between governments and citizens, and improves effectiveness of government affairs. However, citizens' trust in government has been quite low sine 1990s. In Korea, citizens' trust in government dropped after financial crisis in late 1990s. Various literatures indicated that citizen participation is one of the best ways to increase citizens' trust in governments. Especially as information technology increases, it is expected that citizens acquire information about different policy areas, and actively participate in surveys, discussion, and policy evaluation through internet. This research attempts to prove the relationship between citizen participation and trust in government by comparing online and offline citizen participation. The research utilized 2nd dataset from 'the influence of information on citizens' participation in policy-making.' With various statistical techniques such as frequency analysis, cross tabulation, ANOVA, and regression analysis, the characteristics of offline and online policy participants are examined. The results showed that citizens, who participate in policy-making processes more actively both online and offline, trust in government less. Comparing online and offline participation, online participants distrusted government more than offline participants. Such variables as policy competitiveness, democracy in government, quality of government, and transparency in government have direct influences on trust in government. However, citizen participation is not statistically significant. Key Words:Citizen Participation, Traditional Citizen Pariticipation, Digital Citizen Participation, Trust in Government.

우리나라 여성의 삶의 질에 관한 연구

강한솔,정수현,황은진,이정주,노승용 서울여자대학교 여성연구소 2011 여성연구논총 Vol.26 No.-

People are getting more interested in their “quality of life” as they achieved certain level of economic development. Governments pay great attention on well-being and happiness of people as well and try to find the best way to improve citizens' quality of life. However, South Korea is still on 27th out of 39 OECD and G20 countries in quality of life index, which means that there are great needs to improve Koreans' quality of life. Moreover, it is expected that Korean women's quality of life might be worse than this in its patriarchal environments. In fact, there are few research regarding Korean women's quality of life and it is unknown what personal and social factors affect Korean women's quality of life and how we can improve it. This research attempts to find out factors related to Korean women's quality of life through the surveys of 536 Korean women. The results show that quality of life is most influenced by factors such as self-fulfillment, socio-economic independence, satisfaction with the residence, and satisfaction with cultural activities. In addition, happiness of Korean womem is greatly affected by various factors such as mental health, interpersonal relationship, self-respect, self-fulfillment, socio-economic independence, satisfaction with the residence, and satisfaction with cultural activities. Among various factors related to quality of life and happiness of Korean women, scores of self-respect, self-fulfillment, and interpersonal relationship are high, while scores regarding income are relatively low. Key words:Quality of Life, Happiness, Maslow