韓國人에서 多重增幅 重合酵素反應으로 分析한 STRs 遺傳座位의 遺傳的 多樣性

권국환,이혜린,박종진,황적준,이희석,송은섭 大韓法醫學會 1996 대한법의학회지 Vol.20 No.1

The tetrameric STRs loci were studied in a population of Korean(n=223) for allele frequency distribution and applicability to identity and paternity testing, using multiplex PCR with electrophoresis of the PCR products in DNA sequencing gels and subsequent detection of allelic fragments by silver staining. The STRs loci analyzed were HUMCSF1PO, HUMTPOX, and HUMTHO1 ; in the Korean population, 9 alleles with their frequency range of 0.002-0.363 are detected in the HUMCSF1PO, 5 alleles with those of 0.020-1.480 in the HUMTPOX, and 6 alleles with those of 0.002-0.489 in the HUMTHO1. The highest observed heterozygosity is found at the locus HUMCSF1PO(0.709), those of the loci HUMTPOX and HUMTHO1 being 0.646 and 0.632, respectively. All loci meet Hardy-Weinberg expectations ; there are good agreement between the observed and expected values under Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. Moreover, pairwise comparisons between loci show allelic independence for all the 3 loci comparisons. The power of discrimination (PD) determined for the locus HUMCSF1PO is 0.8896 (88.96%), that of the HUMTPOX is 0.8818(88.18%), and that for the HUMTHO1 is 0.8367(83.67%) ; the combined power of discrimination for the triplex is 0.9976(99.76%). The power of exclusion(PEX) calculated for the loci HUMCSF1PO, HUMTPOX, and HUMTHO1, being prior probability that a falsely accused father will be excluded, and 0.5173(51.73%), 0.4610(46.10%), and 0.5101(510.01%), respectively, and the cummulative power of exclusion(CPE) for all the three loci is 0.8726(87.26%). Thus, these allelic frequency data can be used to construct the database of the multiplex PCR-based DNA profile in the Korean population. The calculated parameter, "power of discrimination(PD)" and "power of exclusion(PEX)", show the informativeness of these loci for the determination of identity and relatedness of individuals.

유용성 도료와 수용성 도료의 유해성 비교에 관한 연구 : 자동차 보수용 도료를 중심으로

권은혜,김광식,오정룡,최정근,정윤석,이유진,김은아,송세욱,정호근 한국산업위생학회 2001 한국산업보건학회지 Vol.11 No.1

The purpose of this study is to substitute water-based painting materials for the current solvent-based ones used in motor-repairing process to minimize the exposure of organic solvents to the painters. This study assessed the exposure of organic solvents to the painters using water-based and solvent-based painting materials and compared compositions, painting processes and the health hazards of the application of these alternative painting materials. The results of this study are as follows. 1. solvent-based painting materials used in motor-repairing process consist of various organic solvents, which consist primarily of toluene, xylene, ethyl benzene, ethyl methyl bezene, trimethyl bezene, ethyl acetate, butyl acetate, methyl isobutyl ketone, 2-ethoxy ethanol, 2-ethoxy ethyl acetate and toluene-2.4-diisocianate and the others. These organic solvents are know as health-hazardous substances. But water-based painting materials are high-solid, low-solvent ones and consist of such two organic solvents as 2-butoxy ethanol and 2-heptanone and the others. 2. The painters using solvent-based painting materials in motor-repairing process are exposed to various organic acetate, methyl isobutyl ketone, trimethyl benzene, 2-ethoxy ethanol, and 2-ethoxy ethyl acetate. But the painters using solvent-based ones are only exposed to 2-butoxy ethanol and 2-heptanone. 3. By using water-based painting materials in stead of solvent-based painting materials containing health-hazardous organic solvents, the exposure of such organic solvents in the painter's breathing zone can be largely prevented. 4. This study recommends water-based painting materials as substitutes for the current solvent-based ones used in motor-repairing process to minimize the exposure of organic solvents to the painters.

황사 기간 동안에 어린이, 성인, 노인에서의 자각증상과 예방행동에 대한 조사연구

이보은,하은희,박혜숙,권지숙,신경림 韓國學校保健學會 2005 韓國學校保健學會誌 Vol.18 No.1

Purpose: Recently there are scientific evidences for the health effects of Asian dust-storms. Particularly in 2002, the daily average of PM_(10) exceeded 600 and 700 ㎍/㎥ in March and April respectively. We examined the effects of Asian dust-storms on perceived symptoms and preventive behaviors among children, adults, and elders. Method: The subjects of this study were 425 children, 444 adults and 60 elders. A questionnaire survey was carried out on the children and the adults by teachers and on the elders by interviewers to obtain information on demographic variables, perceived symptoms and preventive behaviors, previous respiratory disease, environmental tobacco smoke, and proximity between the house and the road during Asian dust-storms. We analyzed using descriptive statistics, X_(2) test and multiple logistic regression models. After adjustment for potential confounders, we estimated the odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals of the children and the elders for perceived symptoms and preventive behaviors. Result: The elders had a significantly higher prevalence of respiratory symptoms than the other groups. The children had a significantly higher prevalence than the adults in getting URI (1.51), coughing (1.68), rhinorrhea (1.46), fever (2.39) and medication for allergy or asthma (1.90). The children had better behaviors than the elders in closing windows (3.57), taking less outdoor recreational activity (2.59) and staying home (2.60).

중학교 화학 분야의 개념 연구에 대한 문제점 분석

朴恩姬,姜대勳,白盛惠,朴國泰,金惠敬,蔡禹기,權鈞 한국교원대학교 과학교육연구소 1999 청람과학교육연구논총 Vol.9 No.1

중학교 화학 분야의 오개념 조사에 사용된 설문지의 문제점을 밝혀, 학생들의 정확한 오개념 조사를 위한 바탕을 마련하고자 한다. 기존의 중학교 화학 분야에 대한 오개념 조사 설문지가 연구 대상 학생들에게 잘못 사용되고 있었으며, 문항 내용 자체에도 오류가 있었음을 지적하고자 하는 것이다. 선행 연구들의 분석 결과들이 오개념이 아니라 무개념임을 확인하기 위하여 중학교 1학년 학생 182명을 대상으로 두 종류의 설문지 A와 B를 투입하여 조사하였다. 설문지 A는 오개념 연구를 위해 선행 연구들에서 사용한 문항들로 이루어진 것으로, 이를 투입한 결과를 선행 연구들의 결과들과 비교하기 위한 것이다. 그리고 설문지 B는 설문지 A에서 응답한 학생들의 구체적인 생각을 알아보기 위하여 새롭게 개발한 것이다. 설문지 A를 통해 얻은 결과와 선행 연구들에서 얻은 결과들을 비교할 때, 전반적으로 일관성이 없게 나타났으며, 중학교 1학년 학생들의 주관식 정답률이 객관식 정답률에 비해 매우 낮게 나타나는 공통점은 있었으나, 문항 자체의 오류들이 발견되었다. 설문지 B를 통해 학생들의 생각을 알아본 결과, 설문지 A에서 과학적 개념과 오개념으로 분류된 학생들 중에서 무개념으로 판단된 경우가 많았다. This study was to clarify the problems of questionnaires related to misconception researches of middle school chemistry and to prepare a ground for the correct misconception research for students. For these purposes, the questionnaires of the misconception researches related to chemistry in middle school were analyzed, and the mistakes of the questions which were used in 7th grade students were found, based on a definition of misconceptions in this study. Also, the errors in contents of the questionnaires were indicated. The results of the analysis revealed that most of the 7th grade students did not have misconceptions contrary to some of the previous researches conclusions. They only had no conceptions related to the contents. In order to support this analysis, two different questionnaire sets (questionnaire set A and B) for 182 7th grade students were used. After obtaining similar results to those of the previous researches by the questionnaire set A, the students' thoughts were examined by the questionnaire set B. From the results of this study, the correct answer rates of subjective questions were very low compared with those of objective questions in the questionnaire set A for 7th grade students. It was hard to find consistency among the results of the researches using the questionnaire set A. And many contents of the questions consisted of the questionnaire set A were not consisted with a definition of misconceptions. There were errors in the contents of the questions, too. The students classified as the having-science-concepts group and the having-misconceptions group by the questionnaire set A were classified as the having-no-concepts group by the questionnaire set B.

경조증 집단의 사회문제 해결의 특성과 사례연구 : 경조증에 충동적 특징이 미치는 영향을 중심으로

이은경,권정혜 덕성여자대학교 학생생활연구소 2003 學生生活硏究 Vol.19 No.-

본 연구에서는 경조증 대학생 집단인 경우에 긍정적인 여러 가지 특징에 비해 사회적 적응 수준이 낮고 정신건강의 취약함을 보이므로 부적응을 심화시키는 원인을 탐색하고자 하였다. 경조증 연구에서 드러나는 충동성과 충동성집단 연구에서 드러나는 경조증 등으로 살펴보았을 때 경조증의 특성과 충동성의 특성들이 혼재되어있음을 시사하고 있다. 이 경우에 경조증의 특성만이 가진 심리적응 수준을 탐색하는데 제한점이 주어지므로, 비충동적 경조증 집단과 충동적 경조증 집단, 비경조증 충동성 집단과 통제집단으로 각각의 특성비교를 하였다. 연구 결과, 경조성 집단은 충동성집단이나 통제집단에 비해 사회문제해결 기술에서 유의한 차이가 났다. 또한 가상적 상황의 능력 평가에서 경조성 집단은 다른 두 집단에 비해 주관적 장애물의 수, 대안의 수, 적절한 수단의 수, 객관적 효율성이 유의한 차가 있음을 보여주었다. 본 연구의 결과는 일상적인 문제들에 있어서 경조성 성격특성상 일상의 문제들을 예민하게 지각, 긍정적, 목적 지향적으로 인식, 다양한 대안의 사용, 합리적 선택으로 의사결정을 내려서 문제를 해결하는 특징을 설명해주었다. 마지막으로 충동적인 경조증 내담자를 대상으로 인지행동치료적 기법으로 상담한 사례를 제시하였다. The present study investigated the social problem solving styles of hypomanic personality, specially effects of impulsivity on hypomania. The study is For the purpose, a sample of 1203 undergraduate completed a questionnaire survey of Impulsivity scale, Hypomanic personality scale and Social problem solving inventory. In experiment, using the MEPS test, social problem solving ability to hypothetical and personal situation were assessed in hypomanic and impulsive group, hypomanic and nonimpulsive group, nonhypomanic and impulsive group, and control group. Results show that social problem solving attitude, subjective efficiency, numbers of alternative and numbers of relative method in nonimpulsive hypomanic personality were significant. And low social problem solving skill in nonhypomanic impulsive personality were significant. But interaction effects of each personality were not significant. In addition, social problem solving deficits and negative problem orientation were observed in nonhypomanic and impulsive group. It suggest effects of impulsivity on hypomanic personality. The study 2 is a hypomania case counselling by cognitive-behavioral approach. The significance findings were discussed in terms of therapeutic advisor, and limitations of these findings were discussed and topics to be investigated, in the future study were mentioned.

입원노인의 삶의 질, 죽음 불안, 영적 안녕에 관한 연구

김연숙,권영은,성기순,곽혜련 노인간호학회 2007 노인간호학회지 Vol.9 No.2

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to provide appropriate spiritual and comprehensive nursing care for elders admitted to hospital by identifying factors that affect their quality of life, anxiety about death, and spiritual well being and by identifying correlations between these variables. Method: From April 23 to June 30, 2007, 76 patients 65 years of age or older, admitted to the Bobath Memorial Hospital were enrolled in the study. The elders were questioned about their quality of life, anxiety about death, spiritual well being, and their demographic characteristics. The data were analyzed using t-t.est. ANOVA, and coefficient with SPSS for Window version 10.1. Result: This study shows that for most of the elders, quality of life was found to be higher than average at 3.29 out of 5.00. Also, anxiety about death was found to be higher than average at 2.45 out of 4.00. However, spiritual well being was found to be lower at 2.75 out of 6.00. The study showed that as quality of life improves, anxiety about death was reduced. There was no direct relation between quality of life and spiritual well being. There was no direct relation between anxiety about death and spiritual well being. Quality of life for elders was found to be related to gender (p=0.008), economic status (p=0.019), and relationship with family (p=O.OOO). Anxiety death was affected most by job (p= 0.024) and period of hospitalization (p =0.043). Spiritual well being was affected by education(p=0.014), religion (p=O.OOO), and children (p=0.028). Conclusion: The purpose of the study was to improve nursing services for elders admitted to hospital to improve the quality of their lives and spiritual well being and to reduce anxiety about death.

조혈모세포이식 후 골성장인자의 변화 및 골대사에 미치는 영향 : Impact on Bone Mineral Metabolism

백기현,오은숙,오기원,이원영,김혜수,권순용,한제호,강무일,차봉연,이광우,손호영,강성구,김춘추 대한내분비학회 2002 Endocrinology and metabolism Vol.17 No.5

연구배경: 각종 장기이식의 시행이 많아지고 이식 후 생존율이 증가함에 따라 이식 후 합병증에 대한 관심 또한 높아지고 있다. 조혈모세포이식 후에도 다양한 내분비적 합병증이 발생할 수 있으며 골격에 대한 합병증도 문제점으로 대두되고 있다. 조혈모세포 이식 후 발생하는 골소실에는 이식 후 초기의 골형성 저하와 골흡수 증가가 중요한 역할을 담당하리라고 추측되는데 이러한 골재형성불일치(biochemical uncoupling)에 골 성장인자들이 미치는 영향에 대해서는 알려진 바가 없다. 본 연구에서는 조혈모세포이식 전, 후로 말초 혈액에서 IGF-I, FGF-2, M-CSF같은 성장인자의 변화를 알아보고, 이들 성장인자의 변화가 조혈모세포이식 후의 골형과 골흡수에 미치는 영향 및 이식 후 발생되는 골량 소실과의 연관성을 확인해 보고자 하였다. 방법: 여러 가지 혈액질환으로 인해 동종 골수이식을 시행 받은 환자들을 전향적으로 관찰하였으며 이식 전 및 이식 후 1주, 2주, 3주, 4주 및 3개월, 6개월 1년에 말초 혈액에서 골교체표지자를 측정하였다. 이식 전 및 이식1년 후에 요추골 및 대퇴골 골밀도를 측정할 수 있었던 36명의 환자들을 대상으로 냉동 보관되어 있던 혈청을 이용하여 IGF-I, FGF-2 및 M-CSF를 시기별로 측정하였으며 이들 성장인자와 골교체표지자의 변화 및 골밀도 변화 사이의 상관관계를 확인하였다. 결과: 골흡수 표지자인 혈청 ICTP는 이식 전에 비해 이식 후 4주까지 점차 의의 있게 증가하다가 이후 6개월까지 더욱 증가한 후 감소하였다. 골형성 표지자인 osteocalcin은 이식 후 3주까지는 점차 감소하다가 이후 증가하여 이식 후 3개월 및 6개월에 기저치보다 통계적으로 유의하게 증가한 후 감소하였다. 혈청 IGF-I과 FGF-2는 각각 이식 후 3주 및 1주까지 의미있게 감소하다가 이후 증가하였으며 혈청 M-CSF는 이식 후 1주째에 기저치에 비해 의미 있게 증가하였다가 이후 기저치로 회복되었다. 이식 1년 후 평균 요추부 골밀도는 5.2% 감소하였고 평균 근위대퇴골 골밀도는 11.6% 감소하였다. 이식 전 및 이식 후 3주에 측정한 IGF-I과 같은 시기에 측정한 오스테오칼신 사이에 유의한 상관관계가 관찰되었으며 이식 후 3주째의 M-CSF와 골흡수표지자인 M-CSF 사이에서 의미 있는 양의 상관관계를 관찰할 수 있었다. 이식 후 3주 및 3개월에 IGF-I이 낮은 환자일수록 이식 1년 후 근위대퇴골에서의 골소실이 많은 것으로 분석되었다. 결론: 조혈모세포이식 후 발생하는 골소실에는 기존에 알려진 기저질환의 영향, 성호르몬의 감소, 면역억제의 투여, 골수기질세포와 조골세포의 손상 및 이식초기 사이토카인의 변화이외에도 골성장인자가 관련이 있음을 확인하였고, 이는 이식 후 발생되는 골량소실에 중요한 역할을 할 것이라고 사료된다. Background: A loss of bone mass is usually detected after a bone marrow transplantation (BMT), especially during the early post-transplant period. We recently reported that enhanced bone resorption following a BMT was related to both the steroid dose and the increase in IL-6. We also suggested damage to the marrow stromal microenvironment, by myoablation, partly explains the impaired bone formation following a BMT. It is well known that some growth factor play important role in bone growth and osteogenesis. However, the pathogenetic role of bone growth factors in post-BMT bone loss is unknown and data on the changes in the growth factors, in accordance with bone turnover markers and bone mineral density (BMD) changes are scarce. We investigated changes in bone growth factors such as IGF-I (Insulin-like growth factor-I), fibroblast growth factor-2 (FGF-2) and Macrophage colony stimulating factor (M-CSF), during the post-BMT period, and assessed whether the growth factor changes influenced the bone turnover and post-BMT bone loss. The present study is the first prospective study to describe the changes in bone growth factors following a BMT. Methods: We prospectively investigated 110 patients undergoing a BMT, and analyzed 36 patients (32.4±1.3 years, 17 men and 19 women) whose BMDs were measured before, and 1 year after, the BMT. The serum biochemical markers of bone turnover were measured before, 1, 2, 3 and 4 weeks, 3 and 6 months, and 1 year, after the BMT. The serum, FGF-2, IGF-I and M-CSF levels were measured before and 1 and 3 weeks, and 3 months after the BMT. The correlation between the changes of growth factors and various bone parameters was analyzed. Results: The mean bone losses in the lumbar spine and total proximal femur, calculated as the percentage change from the baseline to the level at 1 year, were 5.2(p<0.05) and 11.6%(p<0.01), respectively. the serum type I carboxyterminal telopeptide(ICTP), a bone resorption marker, increased progressively until 6 months after the BMT, but thereafter decreased, to the base value after 1 year. Serum osteocalcin, a bone formation marker, decreased progressively, until 3 weeks after the BMT but then increased transiently, and finally returned to the base level at 1 year. The serum IGF-I and FGF-2 also decreased progressively until 3 weeks 1 week after the BMT, respectively, then increased to the base values at 3 months. The serum M-CSF increased briskly at 1 week post-BMT, then decreased to the base level. There were positive correlations between the percentage changes from the baseline proximal femur BMD and the IGF-I levels 3 weeks and 3 months (r=0.52, p<0.01, r=0.41, p<0.05) post BMT. A significant correlation was found between the IGF-I and osteocalcin levels pre-BMT, and 3 weeks after the BMT. Another positive correlation was found between the M-CSF and the ICTP levels at 3 weeks post BMT (r=0.54, p<0.05). Conclusion: In conclusion, there were significant changes in the serum IGF-I, FGF-2 and M-CSF levels in the immediate post-BMT period, which were related to a decrease in bone formation and loss in the proximal femoral BMD during the year following the BMT (J Kor Soc Endocrinol 17:664∼674, 2002).

Shigella flexneri에 의한 집단발병의 역학적 양상

기현균,김선희,기혜영,서진종,하동룡,김은선,정재근,김성한,이복권 대한감염학회 2004 감염과 화학요법 Vol.36 No.3

배경 : 국내에서 Shigella flexneri에 의한 감염으로 인한 집단발병은 2000년도에 국립보건원에 집단발병례가 보고된 이후 보고되지 않았으나 최근 저자 등은 S. flexneri에 의한 대규모 집단발병을 경험하여 역학적인 양상을 기술하였다. 방법 : OO회사의 직원 및 구내식당을 이용한 사람 및 가족들을 대상으로 증상여부 및 2002년 12월 23일 이후 식당이용 여부와 취식음식에 대하여 설문조사를 실시하였으며 검체를 확보하여 미생물학적 검사를 실시하였다. 결과 : 조사대상 총 258명 중 총 110명에서 증상이 발생하였으며 증상발생일의 분포는 단일정점을 보였다. 확진자는 82명으로 이중 81명은 OO의 식당을 이용한 사람이었고 1명은 식당에서 직접 조리과정에 참여한 사람이었다. 식사여부와 증상여부의 관계를 분석한 결과 특히 24일의 취식여부의 상대위험도가 가장 높았다(RR=6.46, 3.56≤95% CI≤11.75). 항균제 내성 양상은 ampicillin 내성균주가 82균주(100.0%) ampicillin-sulbactam 내성균주가 55균주(67.1%), amoxicillin-clavulanic acid에 대한 내성균주가 62균주(74.4%), trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole 내성균주가 82균주로 나타났다(98.8%). 분리된 균주간의 연관성을 보기 위하여 실시한 PFGE 결과 본 집단발병에서 확인된 균주는 동일한 양상을 보였으나 비슷한 시기에 분리된 균주와는 서로 다른 양상을 보였다. 결론 : 본 집단발병은 국내에서 발생한 S. flexneri에 의한 집단발병 중 가장 대규모 집단발병이었다. 본 집단발병에서 확인된 균주간의 PFGE양상이 동일하였으나 기존에 국내에서 분리된 균주의 PFGE양상과는 다른 양상을 보였다. 따라서 이러한 상황을 감안한다면 S. flexneri 및 설사환자에 대한 감시체계를 강화해야 할 것이다. Background : Most of the shigellosis outbreak in Korea was caused by Shigella sonnei since late 1990's. In contrast, outbreak by Shigella flexneri were rare since late 1990's. Currently. we experienced the shigellosis outbreak by S. flexneri and described the results of investigation. Methods : We recruited employees from company "A" who had a meal at least once at the company's cafeteria from Dec 23th, 2002 to Dec 26th, 2002. We surveyed the symptoms, food items, and history of travel of eligible persons and their family members. For the microbiological examination, we collected specimen from eligible persons and their family. Collected specimens were cultured for bacteriologic agents and viruses. Epidemiological relationship among the isolates were analyzed by pulsed field gel electrophoresis (PFGE). Results : Among the eligible persons, one hundred ten were symptomatic (110/258, 42,6%). Eighty-two were confirmed bacteriologically. Day of symptom onset showed a unipolar pattern. Diarrhea was the most common symptom among the symptomatic patients (110/110, 100%). The other symptoms included abdominal pain (81.8%), tenesmus (70.0%), headache (63.6%), nausea (61.8%), febrile sense (59.1%), and vomiting (24.5%). Lunch on 24th Dec was the most significant risk factor of the outbreak (RR=6.46, 3.56≤95% Cl≤11.75). All isolates of the outbreak has the same pattern on PFGE analysis and the PFGE pattern was not similar compared with other S. flexneri isolates from Korea. Conclusion : This is the largest and unique outbreak by S.flexneri since 2000 in Korea. The outbreak has the same origin according to the PFGE pattern and epidemic characteristics. Considering rarity of S.flexneri among shigellosis in Korea, surveillance for S.flexneri should be enhanced.

코우크로스로의 방출물에 노출된 근로자에서 발생한 폐암 증례

임현술,최정근,권은혜,김헌 大韓産業醫學會 2002 대한직업환경의학회지 Vol.14 No.1

목 적 : 소세포성 폐암으로 진단받은 56세 남자에대하여 과거 21년간 코우크스로에서 근무한 작업력과 폐암과의 관련성을 파악하고자 하였다. 방 법 : 증례에 대한 의무기록가 흉부컴퓨터단층촬영 및 조직검사, 세포검사를 검토하였다. 증례의 작업 내역, 공것 작업환경 측정 결과를 파악하였고 작업환경 측정과 동료근로자에 대한 역학조사를 실시하였다. 작업환경측정은 산업안전보건연구원에서 모든 근로자를 대상으로 2회 반복 측정하였으며, 측정시간은 근로자의 작업시간 전체를 포함한 1일 8시간으로 하였다. 시료채취 및 분석방법은 미국 국립산업안전보건연구소의 공정시험법과 미국 노동부 산업 안전보건청의 공정시험법을 이용하였다. 측정결과의 정확도를 높이소 오차를 줄이기 위하여 측정 전후에 적적한 보정을 실시하고 현장 공시료를 포함하였다. 동료 근로자 40명에 대하여 역학조사를 실시하였고 COEs의 노출정도를 평가하기 위하여 PAHs의 대사산물인 1-OHP와 2-naphthol을 소변에서 분석하였다. 결 과 : P제철 부속의원에서 1996년부터 1999년까지 COEs에 대하여 측정한 결과는 0.01-0.39 ㎎/㎥ 범위로 후발성 콜타르피치물질에 대한 노동부의 노출기준인 0.2 ㎎/㎥르 적용할 때 초과하는 경우가 있었다. 1999년 산업안전보건연구원에서 작업환경을 직접 측정한 결과 전체 측정 건수 136건 중 45건 (33.1 %)이 노출기준을 초과하였다. 동료 근로자 40명에 대한 역학조사에서 특별한 COEs에 의한 건강장해를 발견하지 못하였다. K업체와 S업체의 근로자에 대하여 충북대학교 의과대학 예방의학교실에서 측정한 요중 1-OHP와 2-naphthol은 대조군인 대학생에 비하여 유의하게 높았다(P<0.01). 결 론 : 중례는 21년간 코우크스 제조공정에서 COEs에 노출되었으며, 현재 작업환경측정 결과로 판단할 때 노출기준을 초과하여 노출되는 경우도 있다고 추정되며, 흡연은 COEs가 폐암 발생을 가중시키는 요인으로 작용하였다고 추정된다. 그러므로 증례의 폐암은 코우크스 제조공정에서 노출된 COEs와 관련이 있다고 생각하여 직업성암으로 판단하였다. Objectives : We report a case of lung cancer (small cell carcinoma) occurring in a worker exposed to coke oven emissions. Methods : We examined the chest CT and pathologic findings of the patient. We reviewed previous environmental measurements for coke oven emissions at the workers place of employment. Also we measured the airborne concentrations for coke oven emissions and total polycuclic aromatic hydrocarbons in the work area. Finally, we analyzed the 1-hydroxypyrene and 2-naphthol concentrations in the subjects urine and compared this with student controls. Results : This case was a 56-year-old male who had worked in a coke oven plant within a steel manufacturing factory for 21 years (1977-1998). The airborne concentrations of coke oven emissions at the worksite were above the permissible exposure level (0.2 ㎎/㎥) in 45 cases (33.1%) among 136 workers. The concentrations of 1-hydroxypyrene and 2-naphthol in the subjects urine were statistically significantly elevated as compared with those of controls (P<0.01). Conclusions : We confirmed that the lung cancer occurring in this patient was as an occupational disease due to exposure to coke oven emissions. To prevent occupational cancer in coke oven plant workers, we must remodel the engineering procedure, begin comprehensive medical surveillance, educate workers on risks and the benefits of smoking cessation, and increase awareness of safety regulations in the workplace.

고등학생의 인터넷 사용정도와 학교적응, 친구관계에 대한 연구

이현주,김미연,이희재,권소영,김민정,김민주,방은혜,이경희,김수지,이자형 이화여자대학교 간호과학대학 2004 이화간호학회지 Vol.- No.38

Today, almost all families are quipped with computers. At the same time, we can find lots of side-effects because of computers. If young students, who tend to be unable to control their impulses once they are immersed in internet, the problem will be more serious. It could be happened that the young students can't distinguish the real from the image. Therefore, it is important to grasp the actual condition of juvenile Internet addicts and their practical life, and to come up with basic materials necessary for working out countermeasures. This study surveyed 339 high school students from three high schools in the area of Seoul. Data collection were collected from 22nd of December, 2003 to 27th of December 2003. The collected data were analyzed by SPSS program using T-test, ANAVA and Pearson correlation coefficient. The results were as follows: First, of the 333 respondents 9.61% of them were high-risk internet using group, 15.02% of them were potential-risk internet using group. 25% of then were identified as addicted group. Second, the more addicted the subjects are, the lower their level of school adjustment becomes. For the addicted group, it is difficult to adjust their school and to have a good relationship with friend. Third, the more addicted the subjects are, the lower their level of friendship becomes. The subordinate areas of friendship have same results as the level of Internet addiction and the extent of friendship. If students are addicted to Internet, it is difficult to find friends who can give them encouragement in practical life. Firth, there was a negative relationship between Internet addiction and school adjustment, and, there was a negative relationship between Internet addiction and friendship. Through this study we have seized the relationship between Internet addiction and school adjustment and friendship. As a result, the more addicted, the more difficult to adjust to school. And for the students who were addicted, it is difficult to make a friend.