Evaluation Index System for Disaster Prevention Signs in Urban Shelters in China

Song,Chen,Zhang,Jingxing,Kim,Tae-Hwan 한국화재소방학회 2016 한국화재소방학회논문지 Vol.30 No.1

Reasonable disaster prevention signs play an important role in guiding evacuation. Through the field investigation on disaster prevention signs in shelters and surrounding areas in Beijing, some problems were found in the using of sign system. Based on the principle of integrated design, evacuation and rescue requirements, it is necesssary to make further study on aspects such as, design of function, systematic consideration, humanization design, as well as the internationalization using. This paper presents an evaluation index system for disaster prevention signs. Such a system is very important for strengthening the independent guiding function of sign systems and improving evacuation efficiency. An effective connection could be realized between the internal environment of buildings, evacuation routes, and emergencey shelters.

Effect of oxidizing treatment on electrocatalytic activity of boron‑doped amorphous carbon thin films

Chen‑Song Wang,Ni Suo,Hao Huang,Ai‑min Wu,Guo‑Zhong Cao,Gui‑Feng Zhang 한국탄소학회 2019 Carbon Letters Vol.29 No.5

Boron-doped amorphous carbon (BDAC) thin films with a regular oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) catalytic activity were synthesized in a hot filament chemical vapor deposition device using a mixture of CH4 and H2 as a gas source and B2O3 as a boron source and then oxidized in air at 380–470 °C for 15–75 min. Scanning electron microscope, transmission electron microscope, Raman spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and electrochemical tests were used to characterize the physical and electrochemical properties of the BDAC catalysts. It was concluded that the BDAC catalyst oxidized at 450 °C for 45 min showed the best ORR catalytic activity in alkaline medium. The oxygen reduction potential and the transfer electron number n, respectively, are − 0.286 V versus Ag/AgCl and 3.24 from the rotating disk electrode experiments. The treated carbon film has better methanol resistance and stability than the commercial Pt/C catalyst.

Biodegradable cross-linked poly(L-lactide-co-e-caprolactone) networks for ureteral stent formed by gamma irradiation under vacuum

Xiliang Liu,Song Liu,Youkun Fan,Jin Qi,Xin Wang,Wei Bai,Dongliang Chen,Chengdong Xiong,Lifang Zhang 한국공업화학회 2021 Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol.104 No.-

The poly(L-lactide-co-e-caprolactone) (PLCL) ureteral stent creeps and loses shape stability, increasingthe risk of stent tube dislocation. The rubbery biodegradable cross-linked PLCL networks were preparedthrough gamma irradiation under vacuum in the presence of trimethylolpropane triacrylate (TMPTA),pentaerythritol tetraacrylate (PET4A), and pentaerythritol triacrylate (PETA). At a standard sterilizationdose of 25 kGy, the gel content and network density of PLCL networks increased with increasingcrosslinking agent content (1, 3, 5, 7 wt%), and crosslinking efficiency decreased in the order ofPETA > PET4A > TMPTA. The average molecular weight (Mc ) between two crosslinks ranged from 2000to 105 g/mol. To perform the beneficial semi-interpenetrated polymer network and characterized bythe principle, the networks were processed in several doses (25, 50, 75, 100, and 125 kGy). In place ofthe Charlesby-Pinner equation, the irradiation cross-linking followed the Chen-Liu-Tang equation. ThePLCL network with 7 wt% PETA had a gel fraction of 83%, tensile strength of 34.7 MPa, and tensile setvalue as low as 5%. Furthermore, degradation in vitro was slowed down. Thus, PLCL networks with appropriateelasticity and flexibility, inherent biodegradability, and excellent biocompatibility can provide apromising alternative method for soft tissue repair engineering, such as ureteral stents.

Combined Assessment of Serum Alpha-Synuclein and Rab35 is a Better Biomarker for Parkinson’s Disease

Hung-Li Wang,Chin-Song Lu,Tu-Hsueh Yeh,Yu-Ming Shen,Yi-Hsin Weng,Ying-Zu Huang,Rou-Shayn Chen,Yu-Chuan Liu,Yi-Chuan Cheng,Hsiu-Chen Chang,Ying-Ling Chen,Yu-Jie Chen,Yan-Wei Lin,Chia Chen Hsu,Huang-Li 대한신경과학회 2019 Journal of Clinical Neurology Vol.15 No.4

Background and Purpose It is essential to develop a reliable predictive serum biomarker for Parkinson’s disease (PD). Te accumulation of alpha-synuclein (αSyn) and up-regulated expression of Rab35 participate in the etiology of PD. Te purpose of this investigation was to determine whether the combined assessment of serum αSyn and Rab35 is a useful predictive biomarker for PD. Methods Serum levels of αSyn or Rab35 were determined in serum samples from 59 sporadic PD patients, 19 progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP) patients, 20 multiple system atrophy (MSA) patients, and 60 normal controls (NC). Receiver operating characteristics (ROC) curves were calculated to determine the diagnostic accuracy of αSyn or/and Rab35 in discriminating PD patients from NC or atypical parkinsonian patients. Results The levels of αSyn and Rab35 were increased in PD patients. The serum level of Rab35 was positively correlated with that of αSyn in PD patients. Compared to analyzing αSyn or Rab35 alone, the combined analysis of αSyn and Rab35 produced a larger area under the ROC curve and performed better in discriminating PD patients from NC, MSA patients, or PSP patients. When age was dichotomized at 55, 60, 65, or 70 years, the combined assessment of αSyn and Rab35 for classifying PD was better in the group below the cutof age than in the group above the cutof age. Conclusions Combined assessment of serum αSyn and Rab35 is a better biomarker for discriminating PD patients from NC or atypical parkinsonian patients, and is a useful predictive biomarker for younger sporadic PD patients.

Effects of processing method on the pharmacokinetics and tissue distribution of orally administered ginseng

Chen, Jianbo,Li, Meijia,Chen, Lixue,Wang, Yufang,Li, Shanshan,Zhang, Yuwei,Zhang, Lei,Song, Mingjie,Liu, Chang,Hua, Mei,Sun, Yinshi The Korean Society of Ginseng 2018 Journal of Ginseng Research Vol.42 No.1

Background: The use of different methods for the processing of ginseng can result in alterations in its medicinal properties and efficacy. White ginseng (WG), frozen ginseng (FG), and red ginseng (RG) are produced using different methods. WG, FG, and RG possess different pharmacological properties. Methods: WG, FG, and RG extracts and pure ginsenosides were administered to rats to study the pharmacokinetics and tissue distribution characteristics of the following ginsenosides-DRg1, Re, Rb1, and Rd. The concentrations of the ginsenosides in the plasma and tissues were determined using UPLC-MS/MS. Results: The rate and extent of absorption of Rg1, Re, Rb1, and Rd appeared to be affected by the different methods used in processing the ginseng samples. The areas under the plasma drug concentration-time curves (AUCs) of Rg1, Re, Rb1, and Rd were significantly higher than those of the pure ginsenosides. In addition, the AUCs of Rg1, Re, Rb1, and Rd were different for WG, FG, and RG. The amounts of Rg1, Re, Rd, and Rb1 were significantly (p < 0.05) higher in the tissues than those of the pure ginsenosides. The amounts of Re, Rb1, and Rd from the RG extract were significantly higher than those from the WG and FG extracts in the heart, lungs, and kidneys of the rats. Conclusion: Our results show that the use of different methods to process ginseng might affect the pharmacokinetics and oral bioavailability of ginseng as well as the tissue concentrations of Rg1, Re, Rd, and Rb1.

단세포 나팔벌레,Stentor coeruleus의 빛에 의한 ATP 합성

Chen, B.H.,허재욱,민태진,Iwatsuki, K,송필순 동국대학교 자연과학연구소 1986 자연과학연구 논문집 Vol.6 No.-

나팔벌레의 세포내 ATP 함량은 0.5~2초동안 40W/m₂백색광을 조사함에 따라 어두운 상태의 대조구에 비하여 급격히 증가하였고, 빛을 계속하여 조사하면 세포내 ATP 함량은 단계적으로 감소하였다. 광수용체 색소 Stentorin 을 포함하고 있는 색소 미립자를 나팔벌레 완전세포로부터 분리하여 이에 ADP와 pi를 가한 혼합물에 빛을 조사하여 ATP가 생성됨을 확인하였다. 나팔벌레 완전세포와 색소미립자주으이 ATP 함량은 변량울에 (fluence rate)의존하였다. 이들 결과로 생명체는 광양자를 ATP로 전이시킬 수 있고, ATP 생성은 나팔벌레 색소미립자의 특성으로 사려된다. The cellular ATP level in Stentor coeruleus jumped above the dark control level when stimulated by 0.5-2 second light pulses (40W/m₂white light). Continued, irradiation fo the cells caused a gradual decline of the cellular ATP level. Pigment granules containing the photoreceptor pigment stentorin isolated from whole cells also exhibited a light-induced ATP synthesis. The ATP level in both whole cells and pigment granules was dependent upon the fluence rate. These results suggest that the organism is capable of tranducing light quanta into ATP and that ATP synthesis is localized in the pigment granule.

Unraveling the Morphology-Function Relationships of Polyamide Membranes Using Quantitative Electron Tomography

Song, Xiaohui,Smith, John W.,Kim, Juyeong,Zaluzec, Nestor J.,Chen, Wenxiang,An, Hyosung,Dennison, Jordan M.,Cahill, David G.,Kulzick, Matthew A.,Chen, Qian American Chemical Society 2019 ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES Vol.11 No.8

<P>An understanding of how complex nanoscale morphologies emerge from synthesis would offer powerful strategies to construct soft materials with designed structures and functions. However, these kinds of morphologies have proven difficult to characterize, and therefore manipulate, because they are three-dimensional (3D), nanoscopic, and often highly irregular. Here, we studied polyamide (PA) membranes used in wastewater reclamation as a prime example of this challenge. Using electron tomography and quantitative morphometry, we reconstructed the nanoscale morphology of 3D crumples and voids in PA membranes for the first time. Various parameters governing film transport properties, such as surface-to-volume ratio and mass-per-area, were measured directly from the reconstructed membrane structure. In addition, we extracted information inaccessible by other means. For example, 3D reconstruction shows that membrane nanostructures are formed from PA layers 15-20 nm thick folding into 3D crumples which envelope up to 30% void by volume. Mapping local curvature and thickness in 3D quantitatively groups these crumples into three classes, “domes”, “dimples”, and “clusters”, each being a distinct type of microenvironment. Elemental mapping of metal ion adsorption across the film demonstrates that these previously missed parameters are relevant to membrane performance. This imaging-morphometry platform can be applicable to other nanoscale soft materials and potentially suggests engineering strategies based directly on synthesis-morphology-function relationships.</P> [FIG OMISSION]</BR>

Modeling and Performance Analysis of Wireless Sensor Network Systems Using Petri Nets

Song Chen,Qi-Wei Ge,Qian-Ming Shao,Qian Zhu 대한전자공학회 2008 ITC-CSCC :International Technical Conference on Ci Vol.2008 No.7

Wireless sensor network (WSN), composed by sensors, microprocessor and wireless communication interface, is an interesting field, and gains more and more attentions. The importance of sensor networks is highlighted by the number of recent funding initiatives, including the DARPA SENSIT program, military programs, and NSF Program Announcements. The wide application prospects make it developing rapidly in some fields such as health care, environment monitoring and military field. Petri nets are chosen for their ability to describe and study discrete event systems that characterized as being event systems that are characterized as being concurrent, asynchronous, parallel, nondeterministic, and stochastic. We construct ordinary and temporal Petri net models for wireless sensor network systems and use the model to solve the problem of location of nodes of wireless sensor network.

First-principles Study on the Electronic Structures and the Optical Properties of Hg1−xCdxTe

Song-You Wang,Gang Wang,Song Wu,Zhao-Hua Geng,Liang-Yao Chen,Yu Jia 한국물리학회 2010 THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Vol.56 No.4

The electronic structures and the optical properties of the direct-band-gap infrared alloy Hg1−xCdxTe (x = 0.250, 0.375, 0.500, 0.625, 0.875, and 1.000) were obtained using the local spin density approximation (LSDA) in the density functional theory (DFT). The calculated lattice constants are in agreement with these calculated using Vergard’s law and the band structures of these alloys are similar. The three peaks of the imaginary part in the dielectric function reveal that the conduction bands lift with increasing x. The calculated static dielectric constants of these alloys were shown to behave as a parabolic function. The results for the loss functions and effective electronic densities show that few electrons take part in the interband transitions.

중국산 늑대거미과의 2미기록종과 2신종

Chen.J.D.X.Song,J.P.Kim 한국거미연구소 1998 한국거미 Vol.14 No.1