조기발병형 파킨슨병환자와 정상인의 호흡 및 발성 특성 비교

전은애(Eun Ae Chun),손영호(Young Ho Shon),백승재(Seung Jae Baek),이필휴(Phil Hyu Lee),남정모(Chung Mo Nam),이지은(Ji Eun Lee),최예린(Yaelin Choi) 한국언어청각임상학회 2010 Communication Sciences and Disorders Vol.15 No.4

배경 및 목적: 파킨슨병은 호흡과 발성에 영향을 준다. 49세 이전에 발병하는 조기발병형 파킨슨병(young-onset parkinson’s disease: YOPD, 이하 YOPD)도 호흡과 발성에 문제가 있는지 보기 위해 정상군과 비교하여 살펴보고자 하였다. 또한 파킨슨병 환자의 음성에 관한 연구는 있었지만 YOPD 환자의 음성특성에 대한 호흡과 발성 기능에 대해서 연구된 선행연구는 찾아보기 어렵다. 방법: YOPD 환자군 6명과 빈도대응 시킨 정상군 6명을 대상으로 호흡기능 평가를 위하여 MicroQuarkⓇ를 이용하여 노력성 폐활량(forced vital capacity: FVC, 이하 FVC), 1초간 노력성 호기량(forced expiratory volume at one second: FEV1, 이하 FEV1)과 1초간 노력성 호기량의 노력성 폐활량에 대한 비(이하 FEV1/FVC)를, 음향학적인 평가를 위하여 Multi-Dimentional Voice Program(이하 MDVP)를 이용하여 주기간 주파수 변동률 (이하 jitter)과 주기간 진폭 변동률(이하 shimmer)을, 공기역학적인 평가를 위하여 Phonatory Aerodynamic System(이하 PAS)를 이용하여 평균호기류율(mean airflow rate: MFR, 이하 MFR)과 성문하압(subglottal pressure: Psub, 이하 Psub)을, MDVP를 이용하여 최대발성지속시간(maximum phonation time: MPT, 이하 MPT)을 측정하고 분석하였다. 이비인후과 전문의사가 후두 스트로보스코피(stroboscopy)를 통해 후두의 병리 유무를 평가하였다. 두 집단의 호흡기능, 발성기능의 차이는 맨-휘트니 U검정(Mann-Whitney U-test)을 실시했다. 결과: MPT는 YOPD 환자군에 비하여 정상군이 통계적으로 유의하게 길었고, jitter와 shimmer는 정상군에 비하여 YOPD 환자군이 통계적으로 유의하게 컸다. 그러나 두 군간의 FVC, FEV1, FEV1/FVC, MFR, Psub은 통계적으로 유의한 차이가 없었다. 논의 및 결론: 두 집단 간의 호흡기능에서 차이가 없고 YOPD의 MPT, jitter, shimmer가 정상범주를 벗어나 차이가 있다. 이들 변수들이 YOPD의 음성적 진단, 치료계획과 예후를 판단하는데 도움이 될 것이다. 따라서 본 연구는 ‘연령’이라는 혼란변수를 배제하고 파킨슨병의 음성 특성을 규명 하는데 의의가 있다고 할 수 있다. Background & Objectives: Parkinson’s disease affects respiration as well as phonation. Young-onset Parkinson’s disease (YOPD) can occur even before the age of 49 years. The present study selected YOPD patients in such a manner as to exclude the confounding variable of ‘age’ and thus examine the vocal characteristics of Parkinson’s disease solely. We aimed to compare the respiration function and phonation characteristics of these YOPD patients with a normal group. Methods: The present study’s subjects included a YOPD group comprised of 6 patients whose chronological ages were between 38 and 49 years and onset ages were prior to 49 years, and a normal group comprised of 6 subjects selected by frequency-matching. For testing respiration function, FVC, FEV1 and FEV1/FVC were measured using Cosmed’s MicroQuarkⓇ as a basic test for the ventilation function of the lung. For vocal sampling, the Multi-Dimensional Voice Program (MDVP) and the Advanced Model 5105 of KayPENTAX’s Computerized Speech Lab (CSL) Model 4400 were used to analyze maximum phonation time (MPT), jitter, and shimmer. Additionally, KayPENTAX’s Phonatory Aerodynamic System (PAS) 4500 was utilized to analyze mean air flow rate (MFR) and subglottal pressure (Psub). Otolaryngologists and neurologists participated in the research cooperatively, and the otolaryngologists assessed the presence of laryngeal disease directly through larynx stroboscopy in the all subject. Mann-Whitney’s U test was used to analyze the difference between the 2 groups’ respiration and phonation function. Results: The MPT was longer in the normal group than YOPD patient group, and both jitter and shimmer were larger in the YOPD patient group than the normal group; both of these differences were statistically significant. However, there was no statistically significant difference in FVC, FEV1, FEV1/FVC, MFR, and Psub. Discussion & Conclusion: The 2 groups’ respiration function did not differ, and YOPD patients’ MPT, jitter, and shimmer differed beyond the normal range. Thus, these variables will help in YOPD patients’ phonation diagnosis and therapeutic plans or prognosis. Although there have been studies on the phonation of Parkinson’s disease patients, limited advanced research can be found on the respiration and phonation function of YOPD patients’ vocal characteristics. The results of this study are meaningful and provide a better understanding of Parkinson’s disease because the subjects were selected such that confounding by age was avoided.

Influence of heat‑treated Al-Si coating on the weldability and microstructural inhomogeneity for hot stamped steel resistance nut projection welds

Eun‑Joon Chun,Sung‑Sang Lim,Young‑Tae Kim,Ki‑Sung Nam,김영민,Young‑Whan Park,Siva Prasad Murugan,Yeong‑Do Park 대한금속·재료학회 2019 METALS AND MATERIALS International Vol.25 No.1

Resistance nut projection weldability of Al–Si coated hot stamped steel (HSS) was investigated under the viewpoint of weldablecurrent range and joint strength (pull-out load). The microstructural inhomogeneities in the welds were also studied inorder to elucidate the factors affecting the joint strength of the welds. The weldability of the given Al–Si coated HSS wascompared with the weldability of an identical HSS without the Al–Si coating (Al–Si coating was polished out) and Zn coateddual phase steel. The weldable current range of Al–Si coated HSS was found to be narrower than that of the other materials. Furthermore, the average pull-out load within the weldable current range of the Al–Si coated HSS was the lowest among thethree materials. The reason for poor weld mechanical property of the Al–Si coated hot-stamped steel was attributed to themicrostructural inhomogeneities such as unmixed Al–Si coating layer at the edge of the nugget and the second phase Fe3(Al,Si) intermetallic compound. The formation of Fe3(Al, Si) phase was attributed to the solidification segregation of Al and Siduring the weld solidification and was confirmed with the numerical analysis of solidification segregation.

우측 사골동 및 비강에 발생한 골성 섬유종의 내시경하 절제술 1예

최영철,전은주,박용수,김춘일 대한이비인후과학회 1999 대한이비인후과학회지 두경부외과학 Vol.42 No.11

외상성 뇌경막외 및 뇌경막하 혈종에서 혈종제거술 후 발생한 원발 병소 반대측 혈종에 대한 임상적 고찰

전은오,이상구,전영일,유찬종,김영보,박철완 최신의학사 2003 最新醫學 Vol.46 No.9-10

고등학생 음주와 건강증진행위에 관한 연구

전은경,박영수 한국교원대학교교육연구원 2006 敎員敎育 Vol.22 No.3

본 연구는 음주와 건강 증진 행위의 상호관련성을 규명하는데 있다. 대부분의 학생이 음주 행위를 긍정적으로 생각하고 있었으며, 음주를 경험한 바 있으며, 음주 교육을 받은 자는 절반에 미치지 못하였다. 음주 중 약물 복용자는 5명 가운데 1명 정도였으며, 취할 정도의 음주 경험 학생도 과반 수 정도로 나타났으며, 남학생의 1/3정도, 여학생의 과반수가 신체적 이상을 경험한 것으로 나타났다. 건강 증진 행위는 규칙적인 식사와 아침 식사 정도였으며, 인스턴트식품과 카페인 음료 섭취는 실천 수준이 낮았다. 음주 경험자의 현재 음주 실태와 건강 증진 행위와의 관계를 분석한 결과 남학생은 현재 음주, 음주 빈도, 음주 중 약물 사용이, 여학생은 현재 음주가 건강 증진 행위에 크게 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. A study was conducted in order to figure out the factors which affect drinking pattern of and health promotion behavior of high school students in C city. Questionnaires were used to collect information from students of regular high schools and technical high schools. A total of 400 questionnaires were distrivuted and 378 were collected, Of 378. 361 were finally used for analysis. The results are as follows: 1. Most students thought drink was a positive behavior rather than negative one. Even the students whose opinion was negative for drinking thought drinking is necessary for social activities. Less than half of the students who responded to the questionnaires had not got health education on drinking. 2. Many high school students who drink now had drinking experience in middle school days. Male students started drinking when they were involved in social gatherings, and female students started drinking when they had meetings with friends. Male students had drinking experience with their relatives and/or brothers. Some of them drink alcohol regularly. One fifth of the drinkers had ever used substances. One thirds of male drinkers had experienced physical difficulties after drinking. Almost half of female drinkers had physical difficulties after drinking. 3.Many students paid attention to their personal hygiene. Some students eat breakfast but many students skip breakfast. The factors such as religion, academic ability, smoking, and friendship were not related to health behavior. The health status of the students who think drinking is a positive factor in social life was worse than that of the students who think drinking is a bad habit. The difference was statistically significant. 4. Drinking habit and frequency of drinking alcohol were related to bad eating habit, poor sleeping pattern, poor mental health, and substance use. Frequency of drinking alcohol for male students was related to poor health promotion behavior and for female students, drinking habit itself was related to poor health promotion behavior. 5. Drinking frequency of male students and drinking students of female students to be health promotion behavior. And showed drinking pattern statically deference by sex. 6. Health education should be emphasized in order to encourage the students not to drinking alcohol for their health promotion.

컴퓨터 프로그램을 이용한 질적자료의 분석-NUDㆍIST와 The Ethnograph을 중심으로-

전기홍,이해종,이영재,김정은,서현정,유동현,이희경 대한의료정보학회 1996 Healthcare Informatics Research Vol.2 No.1

전방경추부 응합술시 단피질 나사못과 양피질 나사못의 비교연구

박형천,윤승환,박현선,김은영 대한신경외과학회 1998 Journal of Korean neurosurgical society Vol.27 No.5

METRx™ 기구를 이용한 후방 경추부 추궁추간공 제거술의 예비 결과

박형천,윤승환,박종운,하윤,현동근,김은영,박현선,임대철 대한척추신경외과학회 2004 Neurospine Vol.1 No.1

Objectives: Posterior cervical microscopic laminoforaminotomy has been a preferred procedure for a posterolateral cervical disc or foraminal stenosis. However, neckpain from wide skin incision and muscle injury are some of disadvantages. The authors performed cervical microscopic laminoforaminotomy with METRx™ tubular dilator system and were compared the results with classical cervical microscopic foraminotomy. Methods: Six patients underwent posterior cervical microscopic laminoforaminotomy using the METRx™ during 6 months. We have selected 10 patients from our institution as a comparison group. Preoperative and postoperative pain score composed of the radicular and neck component was examined and disability score also recorded. Diameters and lengths of laminoforaminotomy on the postoperative CT also were compared with two methods Results: Postoperative pain scores to the radiculopathies were not different but postoperative pain scores to the neckpain on the follow up periods were significantly different. The average vertical and transverse diameters of the laminoforaminotomy defect on the postoperative CT scans were not different between two groups. Average hospital stay of the classical methods was 8.8±7.5 days comparison with 4.5±0.54days of new procedure. Conclusions: Posterior cervical microscopic laminoforaminotomy with METRx™ systems seems to provide similar decompression and clinical results as classical methods compared to classical methods and shows superior results for postoperative neckpain and hospital stays.

수술실 오염도감소를 위한 수술실공조시스템에 대한 연구

김천숙,박은정,강규식,김지은,안기량,권진형,유시현,주영철,권순정 순천향의학연구소 2004 Journal of Soonchunhyang Medical Science Vol.10 No.1

Background: The OR(operating room) should provide an optimum environment that is safe for the patient and the working personnel. The air ventilation system of OR has been studied to decrease the contamination of air. We investigated the flow and contamination of the air in OR at our hospital. Method: Cultures in OR were made and the number of bacteria and fungi were calculated. A two-dimensional model for the cross-section of an operation room is developed for the CFD (computational fluid dynamics) analysis. The characteristics of air flow in the empty operation room and in the occupied operation room are calculated by using a CFD program. Results: The current air ventilation system of our hospital does not deliver the clean air to the operating site efficiently in occupied OR. Conclusions: We suggested a new location of air ventilation system which improves air venting with little increase of the cost of equipment.

단상 4중 멀티레벨 AC-DC 컨버터를 사용한 입력전류의 특성 개선

김천식,김은수,서기영,이현우 慶南大學校 附設 工業技術硏究所 2002 硏究論文集 Vol.20 No.-

본 논문은 입력전류 개선방법으로 buck 컨버터를 조합하여 컨버터의 입력전류를 계단파 형태로 제어하는 binary 조합을 이용한 단상 4중 Multi-level AC-DC 컨버터를 제안하고, 타당성을 시뮬레이션과 실험을 통하여 확인하였다. 동등한 용량의 AC-DC 컨버터를 중첩·다중화를 만들면 입력전원의 단위 역률 제어가 가능하고, 고속 스위칭에 따르는 문제를 저감시킬 수 있고, 필터가 불필요하게 되어 대용량화에 적용시킬 수 있는 등의 장점이 있다. This paper proposed the single phase quadruple multi-level AC-DC converter using binary combine which controls input current by combining buck converters to improve input current characteristic, and confirmed its validity throughout simulation and experiment. By multiplying and duplicating of AC-DC converter of equal capacity has the advantage of being able to control unit power factor of input current and reducing of the problem caused by high frequency switching, and appling to high power converter because filter is not necessary.