한국인 직무 스트레스 측정도구의 개발 및 표준화

장세진,고상백,강동묵,김성아,강명근,이철갑,정진주,조정진,손미아,채창호,김정원,김정일,김형수,노상철,박재범,우종민,김수영,김정연,하미나,박정선,이경용,김형렬,공정옥,김인아,김정수,박준호,현숙정,손동국 大韓産業醫學會 2005 대한직업환경의학회지 Vol.17 No.4

Background and Purposes: Over the past three decades, numerous studies performed in Korea have reported that job stress is a determinant risk factor for chronic diseases and work disability. Every society has its own culture and occupational climate particular to their organizations, and hence experiences different occupational stress. An occupational stress measurement tool therefore needs to be developed to estimate it objectively. The purpose of this study is to develop and standardize the Korean Occupational Stress Scale (KOSS) which is considered to be unique and specific occupational stressors in Korean employees. Subjects and Methods: Data were obtained from the National Study for Development and Standardization of Occupational Stress (NSDSOS Project: 2002-2004). A total of 12,631 employees from a nationwide sample proportional to the Korean Standard Industrial Classification and the Korean Standard Occupational Classification were administered. The KOSS was developed for 2 years (2002-2004). In the first year, we collected 255 items from the most popular job stress measurement tools such as JCQ, ERI, NIOSH and OSI, and 44 items derived from the a qualitative study (depth interview). Forty-three items of KOSS, in the second year, were retained for use in the final version of the KOSS by using Delphi and factor analysis. Items were scored using conventional 1-2-3-4 Likert scores for the response categories. Results: We developed eight subscales by using factor analysis and validation process: physical environment (3 items), job demand (8 items), insufficient job control (5 items), interpersonal conflict (4 items), job insecurity (6 items), organizational system (7 items), lack of reward (6 items), and occupational climate (4 items). Together they explained 50.0% of total variance. Internal consistency alpha scores were ranged from 0.51 to 0.82. Twenty-four items of the short form of the KOSS (KOSS-SF) were also developed to estimate job stress in the work setting. Because the levels of the subscales of occupational stress were gender dependent, gender-specific standard norms for both the 43-item full version and the 24-item short form using a quartile for the subscales of KOSS were presented. Conclusion: The results of this study suggest that KOSS might be an appropriate measurement scale to estimate occupational stress of Korean employees. Further and more detailed study needs to be conducted to improve the validity of this scale.

韓日古代歌謠의 사랑

白珍豪 서강정보대학 1998 論文集 Vol.17 No.-

韓國に現存している古代歌謠は鄕歌と高麗歌謠をふくめて二十余首であるが, 日本は記紀歌謠と萬葉集に收錄されたうたを合せれば約3700あまりのうたが傳えてくるのである. ここでは古代歌謠の中で男女間の愛の歌を對象として書こうとする. 愛に對する描寫をみると韓國の古代歌謠では直接に愛という單語に表現したのはほとんどなく, 歌が作られた說話の內容によって推測すべきである. しかし, 日本の古代歌謠中に相聞歌と羈旅歌をみると題詞でだけではなく, 歌の表現でも男女間の愛を露骨に描寫している. また, 古代人たちが集團生活をどうであったかも, 兩國の古代歌謠を通して間接的に察することができる. 古代歌謠は勞動作業と年中行事という集團生活のな'かで歌われて, この集團行事で歌う歌は集團の結合をもっとつよくする社會的な機能をもっていたのである. したがって, この論文では相聞歌の基源である, 韓國の三國志魏志東夷傳に收錄された高句麗と夫餘, 馬韓 などに存在した祭天儀式の行事を通して考察しようとし, 日本の古代集團生活の中の年中行事であった歌垣を通して考察しようとする. また, 兩國の年中行事で行われた「愛」に對する意識と表現が, 韓國の古代歌謠(黃鳥歌, 井邑詞, 獻花歌)と高麗歌謠(雙花店, カシリ), そして日本の記紀歌謠と萬葉集にどんな樣子で投影されているか, 特に男女群聚相戱のすがたと掛け合いを通して考察しようとする.

알코올이 Dynamic Posturography에 미치는 영향

이진춘,고의경,장민호,이병주,백무진,노환중,왕수건,전경명 대한이비인후과학회 1999 대한이비인후과학회지 두경부외과학 Vol.42 No.2

運動時 優秀選手의 尿成分變化에 關한 硏究 : 全國體典 釜山市 代表選手를 中心으로 A Case of Representative Athletes from Pusan in the National Athletic Meet

白永鎬,朴眞成 釜山大學校 附設 體育科學硏究所 1989 體育科學硏究所 論文集 Vol.5 No.-

The purpose of this study was to analyze the urine composition and health condition of the representative athletes from Pusan in the 70th National Athletic Meet. 145 subjects (99 highschool male, 46 university male students) participated in the experiment to test three items ( protein, pH, sugar), and the urine analysis was executed two times, one before and the other, after the exercise. The results are as follows ; 1. 10 athletes showed proteinuria after the exercise and 1 high school rugby player, named P.K.S., showed proteinuria before and after the exercise. 2. The level of pH showed 5.48 before the exercise, 5.13 after the exercise. The level of pH was somewhat lower after than before the exercise. 3. Urine Sugar showed "negative" in all the examines before and after the exercise except one high school swimmer (L.J.H), who showed positive reaction before and after the exercise. 4. 8 high school players out of 99 showed proteinuria (8.08%), 2 university players out of 46(4.34%) and the level of pH showed 5.33, 5.03 in the high school players and 5.82, 5.13 in the university players before and after the exercise respectively. 5. There was no correlation among the sports events.

韓日古代歌謠에 나타난 呪術觀攷

白珍豪 서강정보대학 1996 論文集 Vol.15 No.-

人間が自然から獨立せず原始社會では人間のあらゆる生活と行動は呪術によって支配されたのである。このような呪術は生理的, 情緖的に自然發生的な行爲の反復によって呪術儀式をおこられ, 呪術儀式が展開されたのである。このような呪術儀式では呪言と呪文が言語的要素としてその比重を加えたのである。すなわち儀禮的儀式としての呪言は言靈信仰を 表出したのである。 古代人間の儀禮と呪術的行爲にはこのような言靈信仰が考察することができるのである。 このような言靈信仰は日本の古事記, 日本書紀, 古代和歌集である萬葉集から考察することができ, 韓國の三國史記の古文獻と三國遺事に記錄された鄕歌からも考察することができるのである。 すなわち韓日兩國では 古代の言靈信仰による 呪術的傳統が 韓國と日本に いっしょうに存在し, このような言靈信仰を信じ, 賴ったのである。

생체분해성 망막압정을 이용한 망막고정에 대한 실험적 연구

김용백,민병무,김창식,박근성,김승영,길숙종,조항진,이성복,노승무,송규상,강대영,조준식,양준묵,정경수,최선웅,이진호,김학용,인현빈 충남대학교 의과대학 지역사회의학연구소 1998 충남의대잡지 Vol.25 No.1

Biodegradable retinal fixation devices obtain mechnical fixation of the retina with desirable chorioretinal scarring and with the potential for local, sustained release of antimetabolites and steroids to inhibit proliferative vitreoretinopathy. We manufactured a biodegradable retinal tack with barb that was designed in order to prevent intrusion from implantation of retinal tacks. This study was carried to evaluate the efficacy for retinal fixation and the capability for sustained release of drugs with a newly designed biodegradable retinal tack Biodegradable retinal tacks were made of polymers of glycolic acids and were designed with barbs in a shape to prevent the disinsertion. Biodegradale retinal tacks are divided into 3 parts, a conical portion that is inserted into the sclera, a cylinder portion that remains in the vitreous, and a neck portion between the pin and the cylinder. The tapered conical end was manufactured to allow easy insertion through the retina and choroid into the sclera. A cylinder portion was manufactured with a tapered angle that fixes firmly into the orifice of 19 gauge spinal needle. A neck portion, 0.4 mm in diameter, was designed to prevent disinsertion from following implantation of retinal tack. The applicator was a 19 gauge spinal needle and its orifice was prepared to 15°angle to accept the tapered cylinder portion of the retinal tack. The retinal tacks, secured in the needles, were passed through the formed vitreous and inserted into the retina, choroid, and sclera and were released by pushing the internal needle, usually within 2-3mm of the medullary ray of the posterior rabbit retina A retinal tack was placed in each of 8 pigmented rabbit eyes. Slit-lamp biomicroscopy, indirect ophthalmoscopy and fundus photography were performed periodically from 1 day to 8 weeks after surgery. Eight eyes were enucleated and studied by light microscopy at 8 weeks. Biomicroscopic evaluation of the animals revealed edemas adjacent to the retinal surfaces immediately after insertion of the biodegradable retinal tacks in all the animals. These edemas disappeared after 1 week. The first noticeable change in the size of retinal tacks was shown after 2weeks. The size of the retinal tacks gradually got smaller, decreasing to about one-half at 4 weeks and about one-third at 8 weeks. All retinal tacks remained in inserted places without any movement for an 8 week period. On light microscopy, epiretinal proliferations were seen to extend into the vitreous cavity. Cellular capsules that lined the inner aspect of the scleral defect caused by tack insertion were found. However the adjacent retina had a normal cytologic appearance and architecture in all specimens. We manufactured a biodegradable retinal tack that is designed to prevent intrusion from implantation of retinal tacks. All biodegradable retinal tacks reduce in size with time, but no retinal tacks extruded from the inserted place. The newly designed biodegradable retinal tack can be used for retinal fixation and may be used as a vehicle for the introduction of pharmacologic agents to prevent the cellular events that promote proliferative vitreoretinopathy.

P2P 모델에 기반한 혼합형 파일 검색 알고리즘의 설계

백승재,안진호 京機大學校 2006 論文集 Vol.50 No.-

Recently, peer-to-peer model is more preferable to client-server model in developing file sharing systems because of desirable features of the first such as scalability, anonymity, security, fault-tolerance and so on. However, the most well-known P2P file sharing systems Napster and Gnutella result in some scalability problems, centralized control and broadcasting in file searching, respectively. To address the problems, ultrapeers and dynamic routing techniques were proposed but, cannot still avoid incurring long response times and low recall rates of rare files. This paper presents a hybrid strategy to use existing Gnutella-like techniques for locating popular files and DHT-like techniques for searching rare ones. In particular, we propose an efficient DHT algorithm to structure a node ring consisting of only ultrapeers, not all the nodes. This feature makes the algorithm more scalable than the previous DHT ones in terms of the costs of file search, node join and leave operations and the number of routing table entries each node should maintain.

Streptococcus salivarius의 요소분해효소 활성에 관한 연구

정상백,최호영,민병순,박상진,이진용,최기운 大韓齒科保存學會 1998 Restorative Dentistry & Endodontics Vol.23 No.1

Dental caries is induced by organic acids produced by oral bacteria. In order to prevent dental caries, therefore, it is essential to maintain neutral pH in the oral cavity. Urea plays a major role in oral pH homeostasis. Urea is hydrolyzed by bacterial ureases to ammonia, causing a pH elevation, Streptococcus salivarius has been shown to be a major contribution to oral ureolysis. Synthesis of urease by S. salivarius appears to be constituitive, but can be greatly enhanced by low pH. It is, therefore, conceivable that ureolytic activity of S. salivarius from a carious lesion is greater than that of the bacterium from a healthy tooth. In the present study, urease activity of S. salivarius isolates from dental plaque of carious lesions was compared with that of the isolates from plaques of the teeth and the dorsum of the tongue; 45 S. salivarius strains were isolated from carious lesions(>C2) of 21 individuals with dental caries and 30 strains from 10 individuals without dental caries. The results were as follows: 1. All the 21 individuals with dental caries harbored ureolytic S. salivarius whereas 3 of 13 individuals without dental caries harbored non-ureolytic strains of S. salivarius. 2. All the 45 S. salivarius isolates from carious lesions showed urease activity. In contrast, of 30 isolates from individuals without dental caries, 17 isolates(56.7%) did not demonstrate urease activity, or if any, very little(<5μmol/min/mg). 3. Urease activity of the isolates from carious lesions was greater than that of the isolates from individuals without dental caries:the urease activity ranged from 42 to 381μmol/min/mg and from 0 to 208μmol/min/mg, respectively. 4. At acid pH(5.5), the isolates which showed intermediate urease activity at pH 7.0 demonstrated even higher activity whereas the isolate with no or lower urease activity did not show any significant difference in their activity. However, the isolates with the greatest urease activity from both individuals with and without dental caries, exhibited a rather much lower urease activity at pH 5.5. The overall results suggest that isolates may have their own urease activity but the isolates exposed to chronic acidic environment of the carious lesion might elevate urease activity of S. salivarius, which in turn, might influence on survival of S. salivarius itself and other bacteria establishing a new oral bacterial ecosystem.

8.3% Carbamide Peroxide 함유 펜 형 자가미백제인 BIancTis Forte의 색조개선 및 안전성에 관한 임상연구

이진경,민선홍,홍성태,오소람,정신혜,황영혜,유성엽,배광식,백승호,이우철,손원준,금기연 대한치과보존학회 2009 Restorative Dentistry & Endodontics Vol.34 No.2

This clinical study evaluated the whitening effect and safety of polymer based-pen type BlancTis Forte(NIBEC) containing 8.3% carbamide peroxide. Twenty volunteers used the BlancTis Forte whitening agent for 2 hours twice a day for 4 weeks As a control. Whitening Effect Pen (LG) containing 3% hydrogen peroxide was used by 20 volunteers using the same protocol. The change in shade (ΔE^(*) color difference) was measured using Shadepilot™ (DeguDent) before, during and after bleaching (2 weeks, 4 weeks and postbleaching 4 weeks). A clinical examination for any side effects (tooth hypersensitivity or soft tissue complications) was also performed at each check-up. The following results were obtained. 1 Both the experimental and control groups displayed a noticeable change in shade (ΔE) of over 2 No significant differences were found between the two group (p>0.05) implying that the two agents have a similar whitening effect. 2 The whitening effect was mainly due to changes in a and b values rather than in L value (brightness). The experimental group showed a significantly higher change in b value thus yellow shade than the control(p < 0.05) 3 None of the participants complained of tooth hypersensitivity or soft tissue complications confirming the safety of both whitening agents 8.3%의 carbamide peroxide를 함유한 펜형 코팅용 미백제인 BlancTis Forte (NIBEC, Seosul & JinCheon)를 실험군으로, 3% hydrogen peroxide를 함유한글 Whitening Effect Pen (LG. Seoul) 제재를 대조군으로 각각 피험자 20명에게 2시간씩 1일 2회 제조사의 지시대로 치아표면에 4주간 적용하도록 지시하고 색조개선 효능과 안전성을 평가하였다. 미백 효과는 미백 전 및 미백 2주, 4주 및 미백 종료 4주 후에 Shadopilot™을 이용하여 색 변화를 측정하였고, 매 내원시기마다 모든 환자는 치수생활력 검사와 치주 및 치태 검사를 통해 부작용 여부 (치아과민증 및 구감 내 연조직의 부작용)를 기록한 후 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 1.실험군 및 대조군의 색 변화량 (ΔE)은 2이상으로 인지할 수 있는 색 변화를 보였으며, 두 제품 간에는 통계적으로 유의한 차이를 보이지 않아 (p > 0.05) 유사한 미백효능을 나타냄을 알 수 있었다. 2,미백효과는 명도의 개선보다는 주로 a. b값의 변화에 의한 것으로 특히 실험군에서 b값의 변화, 즉 황색조의 개선효과가 대조군에 비해 유의성 있게 높은 것으로 나타났다 (p <0.05). 3.치아나 치은의 과민증이나 이상증상을 호소하는 피험자는 없어 두 제품 모두 안전성을 확인할 수 있었다.

운동경력과 기능수준이 복싱선수의 경쟁불안에 미치는 영향

김진표,백호룡 龍仁大學校 武道硏究所 2004 武道硏究所誌 Vol.15 No.1

This study was made to provide boxing players with fundamental references for their performance enhancement, based on the research out of Yong In university boxing team, of which 30 players had been chosen, to find out the correlated performance reinforcement and enhancement right before their competitions(5 days before, 3 days before, 30 minutes before) with their years of boxing career(less than 4 years, 5 or 6 years, more than 7 years) and with their performance levels(superior level, inferior level). Analysing tool to verify the hypothesis of this study was the sports' competition analysis inspection method(CSAI-2) with the statistic program(SPSS) utilized and the repeated variance method was taken to get the degree of instability by the performance careers, the performance levels and the left times before competition. The repeated methode was applied to verify the results with the statistical difference allowed by 5%. Conclusions resulted from the above mentioned research are as follows; 1. In terms with the players' technical performance level, the inferior players had more cognitional anxiety than the superior players with some statistically significant difference. 2. In terms with the players' physical instability, the inferior players had more anxiety than the superior players with no statistically significant difference. 3. In terms with the players' technical performance level, the superior players had more self-confidence than the inferior players with no statistically significant difference. 4. In terms with the years of experience, cognitional anxiety was found most severely among the college boxing players of less than 4 years' career with some statistically significant difference. 5. In terms with the years of experience, physical anxiety was found most severely among the college boxing players of less than 4 years' career with no statistically significant difference. 6. In terms with the years of experience, the highest self- confidence was found among the college boxing players of 5 or 6 years' career with no statistically significant difference.