Statistical Optimization of Medium Components for Milk-Clotting Enzyme Production by Bacillus amyloliquefaciens D4 Using Wheat Bran-an Agro-Industry Waste

( Wei Bing Zhang ),( Xiao Ling He ),( Hong Na Liu ),( Hui Yuan Guo ),( Fa Zheng Ren ),( Wei Dong Gao ),( Peng Cheng Wen ) 한국미생물 · 생명공학회 2013 Journal of microbiology and biotechnology Vol.23 No.8

In this paper, two statistical methods were applied to optimize medium components to improve the production of the milk-clotting enzyme by Bacillus amyloliquefaciens D4. First, wheat bran juice, skim milk powder, and Na2HPO4 were shown to have significant effects on D4 enzyme production using the Plackett?Burman experimental design. Subsequently, an optimal medium was obtained using the Box?Behnken method, which consisted of 3.31 g/l of skim milk powder, 5.0 g/l of sucrose, 0.1 g/l of FeSO4?7H2O, 0.1 g/l of MgSO4?7H2O, 0.1 g/l of MnSO4?2H2O, 0.1 g/l of ZnSO4?7H2O, 1.52 g/l of Na2HPO4, and 172.45 g/l of wheat bran juice. With this optimal medium, the milk-clotting enzyme production was remarkably enhanced. The milk-clotting enzyme activity reached 3,326.7 SU/ml after incubation of 48 h, which was 1.76-fold higher than that of the basic medium, showing that the Plackett?Burman design and Box?Behnken response surface method are effective to optimize medium components, and B. amyloliquefaciens D4 possessed a high rennet-producing capacity in the optimal medium.

有關形容詞與數量短語共現的硏究

마문나 ( Wen-na Ma ),류수경 ( Su-kyong Yu ) 한국중국학회 2016 中國學報 Vol.76 No.-

The distribution of adjectives and numeral-measure phrase in modern Chinese language is expressed in two patterns such as “Numeral-Measure Phrase+Adjective” and “Adjective+Numeral-Measure Phrase” structures. Although there is a little difference in these two structures between the type of combined adjectives or the existence and nonexistence of the meaning of comparison, those two structures, generally, have the same meanings and functions. So, this study reviewed the causes of those phenomena through a diachronic study and analysis of the meaning and structure of “Numeral-Measure Phrase+Adjective” and “Adjective+Numeral -Measure Phrase”. In a case where the classifier for units of measurement and the adjectives with weights and measures meaning such as “長、高、厚、寬、重、粗、深” appear (e.g. “一米高”), “Numeral-Measure Phrase+Adjective” and “Adjective+Numeral-Measure Phrase” structures in modern Chinese language have the same meaning and function. However, as the results of a structural analysis by this study on the properties of adjectives and numeral-measure phrase likely to appear and the interpolation of “是、有、□”, the adjectives in those two structures are found to have different properties. In other words, it is found that the adjective in “Numeral-Measure Phrase+Adjective” is an adjective itself, whereas the adjective in “Adjective+Numeral-Measure Phrase” has the property of a noun. This study identified the causes of synchronic existence of those two structures through a diachronic analysis. This seems to be connected with the development of the comparative sentences (差比句、平比句) and the change in the components of modification in Chinese language. An existing study mentioned a diachronic change from “Adjective+Numeral-Measure Phrase” to “Numeral-Measure Phrase+Adjective”. This study takes the view that this change is overall connected with a historic change in the distribution of the components of modification. In other words, it seems that a historically significant transition from“Noun+modifying phrase” to “Modifying phrase+noun” affected adjectives and quantitative phrases. In particular, The change in “平比句”, which is a change from “Adjective+如N” structure in ancient times to“(如)N(許)+Adjective” structure in the Tang dynasty period, directly affected the function of “Numeral-Measure Phrase+Adjective” structure of modern Chinese language. Accordingly, the “Numeral-Measure Phrase+Adjective” structure replaced the function of “Adjective+ Numeral-MeasurePhrase” structure. Also, the shift of an adjective and a preposition phrase resulting from the appearance of“差比句” affected the expression of the comparative meaning by “Adjective+Numeral-Measure Phrase” structure in modern Chinese language. Lastly, the function of “Adjective+Numeral-Measure Phrase” structure such as “高一米” seems to be connected with “Noun predicate sentence” developed from the middle chinese. According to the results of this analysis, there is actually a difference in the properties of adjectives between “Numeral-Measure Phrase+Adjective” and “Adjective+Numeral-Measure Phrase” structures seeming like they existed synchronically and expressed the same function, which is closely connected with a diachronic language phenomenon.

Positive Association of TEAD1 With Schizophrenia in a Northeast Chinese Han Population

Yang Sun,Lin Wen,Yi-Yang Luo,Wen-Juan Hu,Hui-Wen Ren,Ye Lv,Cong Zhang,Ping Gao,Li-Na Xuan,Guan-Yu Wang,Cheng-Jie Li,Zhi-Xin Xiang,Zhi-Lin Luan 대한신경정신의학회 2023 PSYCHIATRY INVESTIGATION Vol.20 No.12

Objective Schizophrenia is a complex and devastating psychiatric disorder with a strong genetic background. However, much uncertainty still exists about the role of genetic susceptibility in the pathophysiology of schizophrenia. TEA domain transcription factor 1 (TEAD1) is a transcription factor associated with neurodevelopment and has modulating effects on various nervous system diseases. In the current study, we performed a case–control association study in a Northeast Chinese Han population to explore the characteristics of pathogenic <i>TEAD1</i> polymorphisms and potential association with schizophrenia.Methods We recruited a total of 721 schizophrenia patients and 1,195 healthy controls in this study. The 9 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the gene region of <i>TEAD1</i> were selected and genotyped.Results The genetic association analyses showed that five SNPs (rs12289262, rs6485989, rs4415740, rs7113256, and rs1866709) were significantly different between schizophrenia patients and healthy controls in allele or/and genotype frequencies. After Bonferroni correction, the association of three SNPs (rs4415740, rs7113256, and rs1866709) with schizophrenia were still evident. Haplotype analysis revealed that two strong linkage disequilibrium blocks (rs6485989-rs4415740-rs7113256 and rs16911710-rs12364619-rs1866709) were globally associated with schizophrenia. Four haplotypes (C-C-C and T-T-T, rs6485989-rs4415740-rs7113256; G-T-A and G-T-G, rs16911710-rs12364619-rs1866709) were significantly different between schizophrenia patients and healthy controls.Conclusion The current findings indicated that the human <i>TEAD1</i> gene has a genetic association with schizophrenia in the Chinese Han population and may act as a susceptibility gene for schizophrenia.

Vehicle Face Re-identification Based on Nonnegative Matrix Factorization with Time Difference Constraint

( Na Ma ),( Tingxin Wen ) 한국인터넷정보학회 2021 KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Syst Vol.15 No.6

Light intensity variation is one of the key factors which affect the accuracy of vehicle face re-identification, so in order to improve the robustness of vehicle face features to light intensity variation, a Nonnegative Matrix Factorization model with the constraint of image acquisition time difference is proposed. First, the original features vectors of all pairs of positive samples which are used for training are placed in two original feature matrices respectively, where the same columns of the two matrices represent the same vehicle; Then, the new features obtained after decomposition are divided into stable and variable features proportionally, where the constraints of intra-class similarity and inter-class difference are imposed on the stable feature, and the constraint of image acquisition time difference is imposed on the variable feature; At last, vehicle face matching is achieved through calculating the cosine distance of stable features. Experimental results show that the average False Reject Rate and the average False Accept Rate of the proposed algorithm can be reduced to 0.14 and 0.11 respectively on five different datasets, and even sometimes under the large difference of light intensities, the vehicle face image can be still recognized accurately, which verifies that the extracted features have good robustness to light variation.

Isolation and Characterization of Bacillus sp. Producing Broad-Spectrum Antibiotics Against Human and Plant Pathogenic Fungi

( Na Chen ),( Min Jin ),( Hong Mei Qu ),( Zhi Qiang Chen ),( Zhao Li Chen ),( Zhi Gang Qiu ),( Xin Wei Wang ),( Jun Wen Li ) 한국미생물 · 생명공학회 2012 Journal of microbiology and biotechnology Vol.22 No.2

A strain of bacterium producing antifungal antibiotic was isolated and identification of the strain was attempted. We could identify the bacterium as being a Bacillus sp., based on morphological observation, physiological characteristics, and 16S rDNA sequence analysis, thus leading us to designate the strain as Bacillus sp. AH-E-1. The strain showed potent antibiotic activity against phytopathogenic and human pathogenic fungi by inducing mycelial distortion and swelling and inhibiting spore germination. The antibiotic metabolite produced by the strain demonstrated excellent thermal and pH (2-11) stability, but was labile to autoclaving. From these results, we could find a broader antifungal activity of Bacillus genus. Isolation and characterization of the active agent produced by the strain are under progress.

Analysis of Influence of Environmental Conditions on Ganoderic Acid Content in Ganoderma Lucidum Using Orthogonal Design

( Na Li ),( Xiao Hua Liu ),( Jie Zhou ),( Yu Xiang Li ),( Ming Wen Zhao ) 한국미생물생명공학회 2006 Journal of microbiology and biotechnology Vol.16 No.12

Characterization and Antioxidant Activity of the Exopolysaccharide Produced by Bacillus amyloliquefaciens GSBa-1

( Wen Zhao ),( Jian Zhang ),( Yun-yun Jiang ),( Xiao Zhao ),( Xiao-na Hao ),( Liu Li ),( Zhen-nai Yang ) 한국미생물생명공학회(구 한국산업미생물학회) 2018 Journal of microbiology and biotechnology Vol.28 No.8

The exopolysaccharide (EPS) produced by Bacillus amyloliquefaciens GSBa-1 was isolated and purified by ethanol precipitation, and DEAE-cellulose and Sepharose CL-6B chromatographies. The molecular mass of the purified EPS was determined to be 54 kDa. Monosaccharide analysis showed that the EPS was composed of predominantly glucose, and it was further confirmed by NMR spectroscopy to be α-glucan that consisted of a trisaccharide repeating unit with possible presence of two α-(1→3) and one α-(1→6) glucosidic linkages. Microstructural analysis showed that the EPS appeared as ellipsoid or globose with a smooth surface. The EPS had a degradation temperature at 240℃. Furthermore, the EPS had strong DPPH and hydroxyl radical scavenging activities, and moderate superoxidant anion scavenging and metal ion-chelating activities. This is the first characterization of a glucan produced by B. amyloliquefaciens with strong antioxidant activity. The results of this study suggest the potential of the EPS from B. amyloliquefaciens GSBa-1 to serve as a natural antioxidant for application in functional products.

Control Design for Stochastic Nonlinear Systems with Full-state Constraints and Input Delay: A New Adaptive Approximation Method

Na Li,Yu-Qun Han,Wen-Jing He,Shan-Liang Zhu 제어·로봇·시스템학회 2022 International Journal of Control, Automation, and Vol.20 No.8

In this paper, the full state constraints and input delay of stochastic nonlinear systems are studied. A new adaptive control algorithm is proposed using backstepping approach and multi-dimensional Taylor network (MTN) method. Firstly, the input delay problem is dealt with by introducing a new variable using the Padé approximation with Laplace transform. Secondly, MTNs are employed to approximate unknown nonlinear functions, and the barrier Lyapunov functions (BLFs) are constructed to deal with the state constraints. Based on this, a new approximation-based adaptive controller is proposed. Thirdly, it is proved that the proposed control method can ensure that all signals in the closed-loop system are semi-global ultimately uniformly bounded (SGUUB) in probability and the tracking error converges to a small neighborhood of the origin. Finally, two simulation examples are given to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed design method.

Adaptive Controller Design for Switched Stochastic Nonlinear Systems Subject to Unknown Dead-zone Input via New Type of Network Approach

Wen-Jing He,Shan-Liang Zhu,Na Li,Yu-Qun Han 제어·로봇·시스템학회 2023 International Journal of Control, Automation, and Vol.21 No.2

In this article, adaptive tracking control for a class of switched stochastic nonlinear systems subject to unknown dead-zone input using multi-dimensional Taylor network (MTN) is studied. Firstly, the characteristic function is introduced to convert the nonlinearity of the input dead-zone into a linear model. Secondly, a novel adaptive control method based on the backstepping recursive design technique is proposed, which combines MTN and common Lyapunov functions (CLFs). Significantly, a method to reduce the computational complexity of switched stochastic nonlinear systems is proposed for the first time, which introduces characteristic function and MTN technology. The result makes clear that the proposed controller can ensure all signals of the closed-loop system are bounded in probability, and the output of the system can track reference signal well. Finally, the effectiveness of proposed control method is verified by simulation results.

Timosaponin B-Ⅱ Inhibits Pro-inflammatory Cytokine Induction by Lipopolysaccharide in BV2 Cells

Wen-Quan Lu,Wan-Sheng Chen,Yan Qiu,Tie-Jun Li,Xia Tao,Lian-Na Sun 대한약학회 2009 Archives of Pharmacal Research Vol.32 No.9

It was reported that the total polysaccharides extracts from Anemarrhenae asphodeloides Bge(Liliaceae, rhizome) could inhibit inflammatory responses in various models. In the present study, the effects of Timosaponin B-II, a purified extract from A. asphodeloidesb, on the expressions of IL-1β, TNF-α and IL-6, the activity of NF-κB and the activation of signal pathway related to NF-κB were explored in vitro. Timosaponin B-Ⅱ significantly attenuated increase of these cytokines on both mRNA and protein levels from LPS-stimulated BV2 cells in a dose-dependent manner. The reporter gene assay also showed that the activation of NF-κB induced by LPS was inhibited by pre-treatment with Timosaponin B-Ⅱ. Moreover, western blot results showed that the activation of p38, JNK and P65 had been decreased. These results suggest that both NF-κB signal pathway and MAPK pathway were involved in the inhibitory effects of Timosaponin B-II on the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines.