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언어유형학적 관점에서 본 현대중국어 동사중첩의 어법특성과 발전기제 고찰
柳秀京 ( Yu Su Kyong ) 중국어문학회 2021 中國語文學誌 Vol.- No.75
This paper examines the grammatical characteristics and developmental mechanism of verb reduplication. This paper divides the functions of verb reduplication into a basic level and a derived level, and presents a repetitive, continuous, lightness of action on the basic level, and the tentative on the derived level. These functions are systems with semantic relevance and have several common characteristics. With the development of the function, the expansion of appearance verbs and forms of use (“VV”, “V一V”, “V了V”) emerged, and the pragmatic and contextual elements sometimes cause changes in meaning or use. In short the function can be summarized as a change to “quantitative reduction” starting from a repetitive, continuous meaning. Contrary to the characteristics of Chinese verb reduplication, the function of verb reduplication of other languages showed a pattern of “quantitative increase” in conformity with the iconic principle cross-linguistically. This paper argues that the grammatical characteristics of verb reduplication is not due to iconicity, but due to a different mechanism, and originates from the ‘V一V’ structure. This origin and developmental mechanism gave rise to the language-specificity of the modern Chinese verb reduplication function. At the same time, however, it can be confirmed that the cognitive and pragmatic factors that acted in the process are universal mechanisms found in change and development of languages.
마문나 ( Wen-na Ma ),류수경 ( Su-kyong Yu ) 한국중국학회 2016 中國學報 Vol.76 No.-
The distribution of adjectives and numeral-measure phrase in modern Chinese language is expressed in two patterns such as “Numeral-Measure Phrase+Adjective” and “Adjective+Numeral-Measure Phrase” structures. Although there is a little difference in these two structures between the type of combined adjectives or the existence and nonexistence of the meaning of comparison, those two structures, generally, have the same meanings and functions. So, this study reviewed the causes of those phenomena through a diachronic study and analysis of the meaning and structure of “Numeral-Measure Phrase+Adjective” and “Adjective+Numeral -Measure Phrase”. In a case where the classifier for units of measurement and the adjectives with weights and measures meaning such as “長、高、厚、寬、重、粗、深” appear (e.g. “一米高”), “Numeral-Measure Phrase+Adjective” and “Adjective+Numeral-Measure Phrase” structures in modern Chinese language have the same meaning and function. However, as the results of a structural analysis by this study on the properties of adjectives and numeral-measure phrase likely to appear and the interpolation of “是、有、□”, the adjectives in those two structures are found to have different properties. In other words, it is found that the adjective in “Numeral-Measure Phrase+Adjective” is an adjective itself, whereas the adjective in “Adjective+Numeral-Measure Phrase” has the property of a noun. This study identified the causes of synchronic existence of those two structures through a diachronic analysis. This seems to be connected with the development of the comparative sentences (差比句、平比句) and the change in the components of modification in Chinese language. An existing study mentioned a diachronic change from “Adjective+Numeral-Measure Phrase” to “Numeral-Measure Phrase+Adjective”. This study takes the view that this change is overall connected with a historic change in the distribution of the components of modification. In other words, it seems that a historically significant transition from“Noun+modifying phrase” to “Modifying phrase+noun” affected adjectives and quantitative phrases. In particular, The change in “平比句”, which is a change from “Adjective+如N” structure in ancient times to“(如)N(許)+Adjective” structure in the Tang dynasty period, directly affected the function of “Numeral-Measure Phrase+Adjective” structure of modern Chinese language. Accordingly, the “Numeral-Measure Phrase+Adjective” structure replaced the function of “Adjective+ Numeral-MeasurePhrase” structure. Also, the shift of an adjective and a preposition phrase resulting from the appearance of“差比句” affected the expression of the comparative meaning by “Adjective+Numeral-Measure Phrase” structure in modern Chinese language. Lastly, the function of “Adjective+Numeral-Measure Phrase” structure such as “高一米” seems to be connected with “Noun predicate sentence” developed from the middle chinese. According to the results of this analysis, there is actually a difference in the properties of adjectives between “Numeral-Measure Phrase+Adjective” and “Adjective+Numeral-Measure Phrase” structures seeming like they existed synchronically and expressed the same function, which is closely connected with a diachronic language phenomenon.