Comparative evaluation of the algorithms for parametric mapping of the novel myocardial PET imaging agent ¹⁸ F-FPTP

Kim, Ji Who,Seo, Seongho,Kim, Hyeon Sik,Kim, Dong-Yeon,Lee, Ho-Young,Kang, Keon Wook,Lee, Dong Soo,Bom, Hee-Seung,Min, Jung-Joon,Lee, Jae Sung Springer Japan 2017 Annals of nuclear medicine Vol.31 No.6

<P><B>Objective</B></P><P>(<SUP>18</SUP>F-fluoropentyl)triphenylphosphonium salt (<SUP>18</SUP>F-FPTP) is a new promising myocardial PET imaging tracer. It shows high accumulation in cardiomyocytes and rapid clearance from liver. We performed compartmental analysis of <SUP>18</SUP>F-FPTP PET images in rat and evaluated two linear analyses: linear least-squares (LLS) and a basis function method (BFM) for generating parametric images. The minimum dynamic scan duration for kinetic analysis was also investigated and computer simulation undertaken.</P><P><B>Methods</B></P><P><SUP>18</SUP>F-FPTP dynamic PET (18 min) and CT images were acquired from rats with myocardial infarction (MI) (<I>n</I> = 12). Regions of interest (ROIs) were on the left ventricle, normal myocardium, and MI region. Two-compartment (<I>K</I><SUB>1</SUB> and <I>k</I><SUB>2</SUB>; 2C2P) and three-compartment (<I>K</I><SUB>1</SUB>–<I>k</I><SUB>3</SUB>; 3C3P) models with irreversible uptake were compared for goodness-of-fit. Partial volume and spillover correction terms (<I>V</I><SUB><I>a</I></SUB> and <I>α</I> = 1 − <I>V</I><SUB><I>a</I></SUB>) were also incorporated. LLS and BFM were applied to ROI- and voxel-based kinetic parameter estimations. Results were compared with the standard ROI-based nonlinear least-squares (NLS) results of the corresponding compartment model. A simulation explored statistical properties of the estimation methods.</P><P><B>Results</B></P><P>The 2C2P model was most suitable for describing <SUP>18</SUP>F-FPTP kinetics. Average <I>K</I><SUB>1</SUB>, <I>k</I><SUB>2</SUB>, and <I>V</I><SUB><I>a</I></SUB> values were, respectively, 6.8 (ml/min/g), 1.1 (min<SUP>−1</SUP>), and 0.44 in normal myocardium and 1.4 (ml/min/g), 1.1 (min<SUP>−1</SUP>), and 0.32, in MI tissue. Ten minutes of data was sufficient for the estimation. LLS and BFM estimations correlated well with NLS values for the ROI level (<I>K</I><SUB>1</SUB>: <I>y</I> = 1.06<I>x</I> + 0.13, <I>r</I><SUP><I>2</I></SUP> = 0.96 and <I>y</I> = 1.13<I>x</I> + 0.08, <I>r</I><SUP><I>2</I></SUP> = 0.97) and voxel level (<I>K</I><SUB>1</SUB>: <I>y</I> = 1.22<I>x</I> − 0.30, <I>r</I><SUP><I>2</I></SUP> = 0.90 and <I>y</I> = 1.26<I>x</I> + 0.00, <I>r</I><SUP><I>2</I></SUP> = 0.92). Regional distribution of kinetic parametric images (<I>αK</I><SUB>1</SUB>, <I>K</I><SUB>1</SUB>, <I>k</I><SUB>2</SUB>, <I>V</I><SUB>a</SUB>) was physiologically relevant. LLS and BFM showed more robust characteristics than NLS in the simulation.</P><P><B>Conclusions</B></P><P>Fast kinetics and highly specific uptake of <SUP>18</SUP>F-FPTP by myocardium enabled quantitative analysis with the 2C2P model using only the initial 10 min of data. LLS and BFM were feasible for estimating voxel-wise parameters. These two methods will be useful for quantitative evaluation of <SUP>18</SUP>F-FPTP distribution in myocardium and in further studies with different conditions, disease models, and species.</P><P><B>Electronic supplementary material</B></P><P>The online version of this article (doi:10.1007/s12149-017-1171-6) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.</P>

서울의 Penicillinase Producing Neisseria gonorrhoeae 발생빈도(1997)

김재홍,문득곤,김정수,김용준,임동진,박상훈,김희성,이민수,송기훈,김갑형,김형석,성소영,이인섭,김석우,황지환,조창근,김경문,부태성 대한화학요법학회 2000 대한화학요법학회지 Vol.18 No.3

Background : In recent years, gonorrhea has been pandemic and remains one of the most common STDs in the world, especially in developing countries. Objective & Methods : For the detection of a more effective therapeutic regimen and assessing the prevalence of PPNG, we have been trying to study the patients who have visited the Venereal Disease Clinic of Choong-Ku Public Health Center in Seoul since 1980 by means of the chromogenic cephalosporin method. Results : In 1997. 99 strains of N. gonorrhoeae were isolated, among which 45(45.5%) were PPNG. Conclusion : The prevalence of PPNG in Seoul, which had been decreased to 39% in 1996 after a peak of 74.3% in 1993, is increased to 45.5% in 1997.

헬스케어용 가다랑어(Katsuwonus pelamis) 통조림의 제조 및 특성

김현정 ( Hyeon Jeong Kim ),김민지 ( Min Ji Kim ),김기현 ( Ki Hyun Kim ),지성준 ( Seung Jun Ji ),임경훈 ( Kyung Hun Lim ),박권현 ( Kwon Hyun Park ),신준호 ( Joon Ho Shin ),허민수 ( Min Soo Heu ),김진수 ( Jin Soo Kim ) 한국수산과학회 2012 한국수산과학회지 Vol.45 No.3

This study was conducted to prepare canned skipjack tuna Katsuwonus pelamis in the mixture of isotonic beverage and tomato paste (ST-S) for use as a health food. An analysis of the time-temperature profile and viable cells showed that a reasonable F0 value for ST-S preparation was 4 min. The proximate composition of ST-S was 76.8% moisture, 20.2% crude protein, 0.8% crude lipid, 1.7% ash and 0.5% carbohydrate. The calorie content of ST-S was 94.8 kcal, which is 47.4% lower than that of commercial canned skipjack tuna in oil (ST-O) and 2.2% lower than that of commercial chicken breast in water (CB-B). The total amino acid content of ST-S was 18.54 g/100 g, which is 31.4% lower than that of ST-O and 7.9% lower than that of CB-B. The major amino acids in ST-S were aspartic acid and glutamic acid. An enrichment effect due to such minerals as phosphorus, potassium and iron would be expected on consuming 100 g of ST-S. The major fatty acids in ST-S were 16:0 (27.4%), 18:1n-9 (14.3%) and 22:6n-3 (27.8%), which are different from those in ST-O and CB-B. The major free amino acids in ST-S were glutamic acid (8.1%), histidine (38.6%) and its related dipeptide, such as anserine (15.7%). In an evaluation of taste, flavor and color, ST-S was found to be superior to ST-O and CB-B.

Influence of Aeration Rate and Reactor Shape on Composting Poultry Manure and Sawdust

( Waqas Qasim ),( Min Ho Lee ),( Byeong Eun Moon ),( Jae Min Jo ),( Frank Gyan Okyere ),( Hyeon Tae Kim ) 한국농업기계학회 2017 한국농업기계학회 학술발표논문집 Vol.22 No.2

We investigated various physicochemical properties, i.e., temperature, ammonia and carbon dioxide concentration, pH, electrical conductivity (EC), C/N ratio, organic matter content, moisture content, bacterial population, and seed germination index (GI), during the composting of poultry manure and sawdust for different aeration rates and reactor shapes. Three cylindrical-shaped and three rectangular-shaped laboratory-scale 60-L composting reactors were used in this study, with aeration rates of 0.3, 0.6, and 0.9 L min^-1kg^-1 (drymatter)DM. Results showed that the low aeration rate (0.3 L min^-1kg^-1DM) corresponded to a higher and longer thermophilic phase than did the high aeration rate (0.9 L min^-1kg^-1DM). Ammonia and carbon dioxide volatilization were directly related to the temperature profile of the substrate, with significant differences between the low and high aeration rates during weeks 2 and 3 of composting but no significant difference observed during week 1. At the end of our study, the final values of pH, EC, moisture content, C/N ratio, and organic matter in all compost reactors were lower than those at the start. The growth of mesophilic and thermophilic bacteria was directly related to the thermophilic and mesophilic condition of the compost. The final GI of the cylindrical reactor with an airflow rate of 0.3 L min^-1kg^-1DM was 82.3%, whereas the GIs of the other compost reactors were below 80%. In this study, compost of a cylindrical reactor with a low aeration rate (0.3 L min^-1kg^-1DM) was more stable and mature than the other reactors.

간헐식 흐름방식을 활용한 수직 · 수평 습지의 정화효율 평가

주광진(Kwang Jin Joo),이동민(Dong Min Lee),김기중(Ki Jung Kim),조용철(Yong Chul Cho),장광현(Gwang Hyeon Jang),최이송(I Song Choi),오종민(Jong Min Oh) 응용생태공학회 2017 Ecology and resilient infrastructure Vol.4 No.3

본 연구에서는 부영양화의 원인이 되는 질소와 인의 제거 효율을 향상시킬 목적으로 광물질을 활용한 여재를 이용하여 호기, 혐기의 흐름조건을 만들어주기 위한 수직·수평 흐름 인공습지를 고안하여 아크릴 반응조로 제작한 후 성능평가를 진행하였다. 수직·수평 흐름형 인공습지의 경우 호기 및 혐기조건을 평가하기 위해서 반응조 내 용존산소(DO) 농도를 측정해본 결과 호기상태에서는 2.7 ㎎/L, 혐기상태에서는 N.D로 확인되어 목적에 부합된 결과가 확인되었다. 실험결과에서는 SS 저감효과가 140 min, 80 min, 60 min의 운전시간에서 각각 94%, 91%, 61%의 효율을 보였고, T-P의 경우 각각의 운전시간에 따라 84%, 71%, 63%의 저감효율을 보였다. 또한 T-N의 경우 각각의 운전시간에 따라 63%, 49%, 42%의 저감효율을 보여 기존의 습지가 12~24 hr 체류시간을 가지는 것에 비하여 짧은 운전시간에도 높은 처리효율을 보이는 것으로 확인되었다. 본 연구에서는 수직·수평 흐름 방식을 복합 적용하여 기존 인공습지의 단점을 보완하기 위해 기술개발을 진행한 것으로 어떠한 기능적 효과를 갖는지 확인하였고, 향후 이에 대한 현장적용을 위한 운영 및 관리적 차원의 메커니즘 연구가 추가로 진행 될 필요가 있다. Nitrogen and phosphorus are key factors in causing eutrophication of water body. In this study, ceramics media was selected to increase the removal efficiency of nitrogen and phosphorus. We designed vertical, horizontal flow constructed wetlands to create aerobic and anaerobic flow conditions by using the media, then proceeded to performance evaluations after acrylic reactors were produced. In the case of vertical and horizontal flow constructed wetlands, we measured oxygen concentrations to evaluate aerobic and anaerobic conditions. we got the result of 2.7 ㎎/L in the aerobic condition, N.D in the anaerobic condition respectively, which suited our purpose. The result of the combined vertical and horizontal flow condition showed that the removal efficiency of SS was 94%, 91%, 61% at 140 min, 80 min, 60 min of running times, respectively, and the removal efficiency of T-P was 84%, 71%, 63% during each running time. In case of T-N, the removal efficiency was 63%, 49%, 42% during each running time. We found that the reactor exerted better removal efficiency when in the short time compared to 12 - 24 hr residence time of existing wetlands. In this study, we conducted experiments to explore functional effects after applying combined vertical and horizontal flow methods in the field. Further study will be carried out to identify its mechanism and administrative perspective.

전방 불안정성 견관절에서 이두박근의 근전도 활동성

김승호,하권익,김현숙,김선우,박종혁,김영민 대한견.주관절학회 2000 大韓肩.주關節學會誌 Vol.3 No.2

Production of Iron-Binding Peptides from Colostral Whey by Enzymatic Hydrolysis

Kim, Sang-Bum,Ku, Min-Jung,Cho, Won-Mo,Ki, Kwang-Seok,Kim, Hyeon-Shup,Nam, Myoung-Soo Korean Society for Food Science of Animal Resource 2010 한국축산식품학회지 Vol.30 No.6

Colostral whey prepared from colostrum (pooled from first six post-partum milkings) was heated for 10 min at $100^{\circ}C$ Heated colostral whey was incubated with 1% enzymes (protein equivalent basis) for 15, 30, 60, 90, and 120 min at $50^{\circ}C$. Papain, pepsin, trypsin, and alcalase produced different degrees of hydrolysis (DH), 10.66%, 12.42%, 10.83%, and 25.31%, respectively, at an incubation time of 120 min. The SDS-PAGE reveals that significant amounts of bovine serum albumin (BSA), ${\beta}$-lactoglobulin (${\beta}$-LG), and ${\alpha}$-lactalbumin (${\alpha}$-LA) survived papain digestion. In contrast, pepsin completely removed BSA but not ${\beta}$-LG present in heated colostral whey. Alcalase completely eliminated BSA, ${\beta}$-LG, and ${\alpha}$-LA. This differential hydrolysis was confirmed by reversed-phase HPLC analysis. Using ion-exchange chromatography, fraction-1 (F-1) was obtained from alcalase hydrolysate at a NaCl gradient concentration of 0.25 M. Reversed-phase HPLC chromatograms of alcalase F-1 showed numerous small peaks, which probably indicate that a variety of new peptides were produced. Iron content of alcalase F-1 was 28.94 ppm, which was the highest among all enzyme fractions, whereas iron content of colostral whey was 36.56 ppm. Main amino acids contained in alcalase F-1 were Thr (15.45%), Glu (14.12%), and Ser (10.39%). Therefore, alcalase can be used to generate good iron-binding peptides in heated colostral whey, and the resulting iron-binding peptides could be suitable as a value-added food ingredient for food supplements.

Structure–function studies of a plant tyrosyl-DNA phosphodiesterase provide novel insights into DNA repair mechanisms of <i>Arabidopsis thaliana</i>

Kim, Hoyeun,Na, Sang ,Hyeon,Lee, So-Young,Jeong, Young-Min,Hwang, Hyun-Ju,Hur, Jae ,Young,Park, Sang-Hyun,Woo, Je-Chang,Kim, Sang-Gu Portland Press Ltd. 2012 The Biochemical journal Vol.443 No.1

<P>TDP1 (tyrosyl-DNA phosphodiesterase 1), a member of the PLD (phospholipase D) superfamily, catalyses the hydrolysis of a phosphodiester bond between a tyrosine residue and the 3′-phosphate of DNA. We have previously identified and characterized the <I>AtTDP</I> gene in <I>Arabidopsis thaliana</I>, an orthologue of yeast and human <I>TDP1</I> genes. Sequence alignment of TDP1 orthologues revealed that AtTDP has both a conserved C-terminal TDP domain and, uniquely, an N-terminal SMAD/FHA (forkhead-associated) domain. To help understand the function of this novel enzyme, we analysed the substrate saturation kinetics of full-length AtTDP compared with a truncated AtTDP mutant lacking the N-terminal FHA domain. The recombinant AtTDP protein hydrolysed a single-stranded DNA substrate with <I>K</I><SUB>m</SUB> and <I>k</I><SUB>cat</SUB>/<I>K</I><SUB>m</SUB> values of 703±137 nM and (1.5±0.04)×10<SUP>9</SUP>M<SUP>−1</SUP>·min<SUP>−1</SUP> respectively. The AtTDP-(Δ1–122) protein (TDP domain) showed kinetic parameters that were equivalent to those of the full-length AtTDP protein. A basic amino acid sequence (RKKVKP) within the AtTDP-(Δ123–605) protein (FHA domain) was necessary for nuclear localization of AtTDP. Analysis of active-site mutations showed that a histidine and a lysine residue in each of the HKD motifs were critical for enzyme activity. Vanadates, inhibitors of phosphoryl transfer reactions, inhibited AtTDP enzymatic activity and retarded the growth of an <I>Arabidopsis tdp</I> mutant. Finally, we showed that expression of the <I>AtTDP</I> gene could complement a yeast <I>tdp1</I>Δ<I>rad1</I>Δ mutant, rescuing the growth inhibitory effects of vanadate analogues and CPT (camptothecin). Taken together, the results of the present study demonstrate the structure-based function of AtTDP through which AtTDP can repair DNA strand breaks in plants.</P>

연구 논문 : 전기화학적 마이크로머시닝 기술을 이용한 균일한 니오븀 표면 에칭 연구

김경민 ( Kyung Min Kim ),유현석 ( Hyeon Seok Yoo ),박지영 ( Ji Young Park ),신소운 ( So Woon Shin ),최진섭 ( Jin Sub Choi ) 한국공업화학회 2014 공업화학 Vol.25 No.1

본 연구에서는 micro-contact printing을 통하여 니오븀 호일 표면 위에 균일한 에칭 pits를 형성하였다. 균일한 보호층을 형성하고자 전해연마의 효과를 확인하였으며, 기존의 O2 플라즈마 공정 없이 손쉽게 균일한 에칭 pits를 형성시킬 수 있는 조건을 확인하였다. 메탄올 혼합 전해질을 사용하여 10 min 동안 에칭을 진행한 결과 니오븀 호일 표면 위에 지름과 간격이 각각 10 μm와 5 μm로 잘 정렬된 에칭 pits를 관찰하였다. We describe the preparation of highly-ordered etching pits on the Nb foil through a micromachining. The effects of electro-chemical polishing on the formation of uniformly-patterned protective epoxy layer was investigated. Unlike the previous proc-ess using O2 plasma, well-ordered etched pits were prepared without any dry processes. As a result, the Nb foil with the well-ordered pits of 10 μm × 5 μm could be obtained by electrochemical etching in methanolic electrolytes for 10 min.

냉장고 압축기의 소음불량 원인 분류를 위한 딥 러닝 활용 방안

이동현(Dong-Hyeon Lee),장준영(Jun-Young Jang),정의봉(Weui-Bong Jeong),홍진숙(Chinsuk Hong) 한국소음진동공학회 2019 한국소음진동공학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2019 No.10