지진의 영향을 고려한 영팽창선이론에 의한 얕은기초의 지지력해석

黃正奎,申東勳 弘益大學校 科學技術硏究所 1994 科學技術硏究論文集 Vol.4 No.-

The present study was made based on the zero extension line theory and the seismic coefficient method to determine the seismic bearing capacity of shallow foundation. The zero extension line theory, which was proposed by Roscoe et al., presumes the coincidence between the loci of failure and the zero extension lines in soil mass. In order to compute the seismic bearing capacity of shallow foundation with smooth base mobilized by an earthquake, it was assumed that subsoils beneath the foundation are dense and cohesionless sandy soils, there are no changes in soil parameters during earthquake, and only horizontal earthquake intensity is considered. The presented theories were successfully compared with the conventional bearing capacity theories. And the effects of embedment depth of footing, earthquake intensity, dilation angle and internal friction angle of soil, on the bearing capacity factors were analysed. Finally a simplified formula for bearing capacity factor of N?? in earthquake was also provided.

수복물의 미세누출도와 변연적합도 측정에 사용되는 방법 사이의 상관 관계 평가

황순주,신동훈 대한치과보존학회 2006 Restorative Dentistry & Endodontics Vol.31 No.5

본 연구에서는 색소 침투법을 이용한 5급 복합레진 수복물의 미세누출도와 주사전자 현미경을 이용한 변연적합도를 측정하고 두 방법 사이의 상관성을 평가하고자 하였다. 발거된 사람의 대구치 20개의 협면에 고속의 330번 버를 이용하여 5급 와동을 (백아법랑경계부를 중앙으로 가로 4 mm, 세로 3 mm, 깊이 1.5 mm) 형성하고, 평가시 참고점으로 사용하고자 1/2번 원형 버로 6개의 함몰부를 만들었다. 제조사의 지시에 따라 단일 단계의 올인원 접착제인 Xeno Ⅲ로 치면을 처리한 다음, 미세혼합형 복합레진인 Esthet X로 단일 충전하였다. 시편을 식염수에 1일간 보관한 후 Sof-Lex 시스템으로 마무리 및 연마하였다. 이후 5도와 55도에서 1000회 열순환시킨 다음, 50% 질산은 용액을 이용하여 침투시켰다. 실리콘 고무 인상재와 폴리우레탄 모형재로 수복물 주변의 레진 복제물을 제작하고 금도금한 다음, 주사전자현미경으로 외부 및 내부 변연부의 변연적합도를 측정하였다. 또한 참고점을 기점으로 수복물을 3분한 다음, 미세누출도를 측정 하였다. 내부 및 외부 변연적합도와 미세누출도 평가법 사이의 상관관계는 Spearman's rho test를 이용하여 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 1. 미세누출도와 각각의 외부 및 내부 변연 적합도는 유의한 상관관계를 보였다 (p<0.01). 2. 내부와 외부의 변연 적합도 사이에는 유의한 상관관계를 보이지 않았다. The purpose of this study was to estimate the relation between techniques used for microleakage from dye penetration and for marginal adaptation from SEM evaluation of the restoration. Using high speed #330 bur, class V cavities (4 × 3 × 1.5 mm around CEJ) were prepared on the buccal surface of 20 extracted human molars. Six dimples as reference points for SEM and dye penetration evaluation were made with 1/2 round bur. Cavity was bulk filled with microhybrid composite resin (Esthet X) and all-in one adhesive (Xeno III). Teeth were stored in saline solution for one day, after then, they were finished and polished using Sof-Lex system. Fifty percent silver nitrate dye solution was used for the evaluation of microleakage and resin replica was used for marginal adaptation. All of these were done after 1000 times thermocycling between 5 and 55ºC. Vertical sections were made through three dimples of restoration to obtain samples for the evaluation of dye penetration and inner marginal adaptation. Outer adaptational estimation was done with an intact restoration before sectioning. Dye penetration was determined in three degrees and percentage of outer and inner leaky margin was estimated from SEM image. The data were analysed statistically: Spearman' s rho test were used to check relationships between two methods. The result were as follows: 1. There were significant relationships between degree of dye penetration and inner and outer marginal adaptations each (p < 0.01). 2. However, there was no significant relationship between the results of inner and outer marginal adaptation. Within the results of this study, relationship between the percentage of marginal adaptation and microleakage shows significant relationship. However, inner and outer marginal adaptation did not show any significant relationship mutually. [J Kor Acad Cons Dent 31(5):337-343. 2006]The purpose of this study was to estimate the relation between techniques used for microleakage from dye penetration and for marginal adaptation from SEM evaluation of the restoration. Using high speed #330 bur, class V cavities (4 × 3 × 1.5 mm around CEJ) were prepared on the buccal surface of 20 extracted human molars. Six dimples as reference points for SEM and dye penetration evaluation were made with 1/2 round bur. Cavity was bulk filled with microhybrid composite resin (Esthet X) and all-in-one adhesive (Xeno Ⅲ). Teeth were stored in saline solution for one day, after then, they were finished and polished using Sof-Lex system. Fifty percent silver nitrate dye solution was used for the evaluation of microleakage and resin replica was used for marginal adaptation. All of these were done after 1000 times thermocycling between 5 and 55℃. Vertical sections were made through three dimples of restoration to obtain samples for the evaluation of dye penetration and inner marginal adaptation. Outer adaptational estimation was done with an intact restoration before sectioning. Dye penetration was determined in three degrees and percentage of outer and inner leaky margin was estimated from SEM image. The data were analysed statistically: Spearman's rho test were used to check relationships between two methods. The result were as follows: 1. There were significant relationships between degree of dye penetration and inner and outer marginal adaptations each (p < 0.01). 2. However, there was no significant relationship between the results of inner and outer marginal adaptation. Within the results of this study, relationship between the percentage of marginal adaptation and microleakage shows significant relationship. However, inner and outer marginal adaptation did not show any significant relationship mutually.

인버터 구동용 유도전동기 고정자 권선의 절연특성 연구

황돈하,김동희,이광식,정원영,김영훈,오승훈 영남대학교 공업기술연구소 1999 工業技術硏究所論文集 Vol.27 No.2

Inverters with high speed switching and advanced PWM techniques are widely used for variable speed applications. But some adverse effects on the stator winding insulation are reported due to excessive voltage stress, which results in the premature insulation breakdown. This is aggravated by the high switching speed of modem switching devices such as IGBT (Insulated Gate Bi-polar Transistor) with which the rate of rise in voltage (dv/dt) increases considerably. In this paper, the test results for evaluation on the stator winding insulation of 310V induction motors are presented. Also, the insulation characteristics are presented in order to analyze the insulation strength under high voltage due to high switching speed of IGBT PWM inverter. 26 induction motors of 6 types with different wires and insulation techniques are built and thoroughly tested. The maximum partial discharge (PD) magnitude (Qm) and the discharge inception voltage (DIV) are obtained by PD test. Under AC current test, the rate of change in AC current (ΔI) and the change in dissipation factor (Δtanδ) are measured. From the above test data, the effects due to different wires and insulation techniques on the insulation characteristics of low-voltage induction motors are compared and analyzed. The insulation technique to enhance the insulation strength is suggested from the test results.

자궁내막증 백서모형에서 Danazol과 Decapeptyl의 치료효과에 관한 연구

황선보,이민석,심재현,김동훈,배한익 동국대학교 경주대학 1996 東國論集 Vol.15 No.-

본 연구의 목적은 장간막에 자궁내막 조직을 자가이식하여 수술적으로 유도된 자궁내막증 백서모형에서 자궁내막증의 치료를 위해 danazol과 decapetyl의 치료효과를 평가하는 것이다. 백서(n=48)들은 무작위적으로 정상대조군(n=12)과 수술적으로 유도된 자궁내막증군(n=36)으로 구분하였다. 후자는 비치료군과, danazol 치료군과 decapeptyl 치료군으로 세분하였다(각 군의 n=12). Danazol(8mg/일)은 수술후 4째주부터 구강을 통해 투여되었다. Decapeptyl(0.2mg/2주)은 근주하였다. 처음투약후 10일, 20일, 40일, 60일째에 각군의 2마리의 쥐를 희생시켰다. 저자들은 자궁내막증 이식체와 난소의 크기를 측정하여 다음의 결론를 얻었다. 1. 자궁내막증 이식체의 크기는 비치료군에 비해(3.91±1.08mm) danazol 치료군과 decapeptyl치료군에서 (각각2.28±0.17mm 과 2.78±0.97mm), 현저히 감소되었다(p<0.01). 2. danazol과 decapeptyl 두 치료군에서 장기치료가 단기치료보다 자궁내막증 이식체의 크기를 감소시키는데 더 효과적이었다(p<0.01). 3. 난소의 크기는 정상대조군과, 비치료군과 decapeptyl 치료군에서 유의하게 차이를 보이지 않은데 반해(각각 4.46±0.85mm, 4.77±0.82mm과 4.97±0.92mm), danazol 치료군에서는 유의하게 감소하였다(3.97±0.63mm) (p<0.63mm). 백서모형에서 수술적으로 이식된 자궁내막조직의 성장과 발달은 자궁내막증의 병인 이해와 신약개발에 유용한 연구모델을 제공할 수 있을 것 이다. The purpose of this study was to surgically induce endometriosis in the rat by autotransplanting endometrial tissue to the mesentery and to evaluate the efficacy of danazol and decapeptyl for the treatment of endometriosis. Rats(n=48) were randomly assigned to normal control group(n=12) and surgically induced endometriosis group(n=36). The latter was further divided into the untreated, danazol treated and decapeptyl treated groups (n=12 for each group). Danazol(8mg/day) was orally administrated from 4weeks after operation. Decapeptyl(O.2ml/2weeks) was injected intramuscularly. Two rats of each group are sacrificed on the 10th, 20th, 40th, 60th, 80th and lOOth day after the first drug administration. We measured sizes of endometriotic implants and ovaries. The results were as follows; 1. The sizes of endometriotic implants were significantly decreased(P<O.Ol) in the danazol and decapeptyl treated groups (2.28±O.71mm and 2.78±O.89mm, respectively) compared with untreated group(3.91±l.08mm). 2. Long term treatment was more effective than short term treatment in decreasing the size of endometriotic implants in both danazol and decapeptyl treated groups(P<O.Ol). 3. The size of ovaries was not significantly different among the normal control, untreated and decapeptyl treated groups(4.65±O.83mm, 4.77±O.82mm and 4.97±O.92mm, respectively) but was significantly decreased(P<O.Ol) in the danazol treated group(3.97±O.63mm). The successful growth and development of surgically transplanted endometrial tissue in the rat may offer an useful research model that can be used to understand pathogenesis of endometriosis and to explore new drug therapies.

모 중장비 제조 사업장의 유해작업요인 평가에 관한 연구

장성훈,이원진,서창호,김종규,이영신,황천현,서동윤 건국대학교 의과학연구소 1996 건국의과학학술지 Vol.6 No.-

We evaluated the types and the amount of hazards in a heavy equipment factory and a plant factory to improve workers' health and to determine the priority in occupational health programs. We first inspected the working processes to find hazardous agents, measured them in each process environment, and compare the results with their TLVs(Threshold Level Value). This study was carried out from December 26, 1995 to January 30, 1996. The results are as follows: 1. In two factories, we identified the following hazardous agents: noise, dust, heavy metal fume, organic solvents, illumination, gases and ultraviolet light. 2. In the heavy equipment factory, some agents were over their TLVs in the following departments. 1) Preparation Department: dust, Pb, Mn, Fe₂O₃, NO₂ 2) Manufacture Department: noise, dust, Pb, Mn, Fe₂O₃, NO₂ 3) Assembly Department: noise 4) Technique Department: NO₂ 3. In the plant factory, some agents were over their TLVs in the following departments: 1) 1 Bay: illumination, Pb, Mn, Fe₂O₃ 2) 2 Bay: dust, illumination, Cu 3) 3 Bay: illumination 4) 4 Bay: noise, dust, Pb, Mn, Fe₂O₃, NO₂ 5) 5 Bay: noise, dust, Pb, Mn, Fe₂O₃, NO₂ 6) 6 Bay: Pb, Mn, NO₂ We concluded that the hazardous agents such as heavy metal fume, noise and noxious gas were required to be controlled at first.

Capsicum chinense, 재래종 및 저항성 고추 유전자원에서 역병 저항성 계통 선발

김정훈,여승호,김동우,배수연,한정혜,황희숙,김병수 慶北大學校農業科學技術硏究所 2002 慶北大農學誌 Vol.20 No.-

2000년도에 검정에서 역병에 살아남은 개체들로부터 채종하여 육성한 Capsicum chinense 31계통에 대하여 역병 저항성을 검정한 결과 고도의 저항성을 나타내는 것은 발견되지 않았다. 2001년도의 검정에서 역병에 살아남은 개체로부터 채종한 재래종 26계통에 대하여 다시 역병 저항성 검정을 실시한 결과 KC180, KC230, KC195, KC194에서 다수의 개체가 살아남아 저항성을 나타내었다. 그러나 KC180과 KC230은 각각 AC2258과 CM334와 혼종된 것으로 관찰되었다. KC195와 KC194는 재래종의 형질을 유지하고 있는 것으로 관찰되었다. CM334의 보존 증식과정에 자연교잡이 일어난 것으로 보여 이의 순도향상을 위하여 채종년도별로 시료를 꺼내어 역병저항성 검정을 실시한 결과 가장 오래된 1992년도 채종종자에서부터 약간의 이형주가 관찰도기 시작하여 1995년부터 2001년도까지 시간이 경과함에 따라 많이 변형되어 있는 것을 알 수 있었다. 1992년도 종자에서 이형주를 제거하고 원형의 개체로부터 자식종자를 대량으로 채종하였다. 함께 공시한 AC2258은 순수한 것으로 확인되었다. 1995년도 채종 CM334 종자에서는 비록 혼종은 되었으나 측지발생이 적은 개체들이 발견되어 이들을 개체 선발하여 역병에 저항성이며 측지발생이 적은 계통으로 육성하고 있다. A total of 31 c. chinense lines selected from 2000 screening were tested again for resistance to P. capsici but resistance was not found in the lines. A total of 26 selections from Korean land races tested 2001 spring were tested again for resistance to P. capsici. KC180, KC230, KC195 and KC194 showed moderate resistance to P. capsici. However, it was apparent on the basis of hortivultural characteristics that KC180 and KC230 had been naturally crossed with AC2258 and CM334, respectively. CM334 and AC2248 seed lots that were increased in different years were taken out and tested for resistance to improve their genetic purity because the resistant genetic resources have been showing some off-types in the population. Off-types began to be found in 1992 seed lots and the proportion and degree of the offs was increasing with time up to 2001. Plants true to the type in 1992 seed lots were selected and their inbred seeds were mass produced in a net cage in the greenhouse. AC2258 included in the experiment number of lateral branching at cotyledonary axil, although they were off from the original in the experiment together was uniform. In 1995 seed lost of CM334, plants with resistance to P. capsici and low or no number of lateral branching at cotyledonary axil, although they were off from the original CM334, were found and selection was applied to breed lines fixed in the characters.

주의력결핍/과잉행동장애와 양극성장애 공존 환아군과 주의력결핍/과잉행동장애 환아군의 비교연구

정동선,하규섭,정희연,구훈정,황준원,김붕년,신민섭,조수철,홍강의 大韓神經精神醫學會 2006 신경정신의학 Vol.45 No.6

Objective : Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is frequently comorbid with a variety of psychiatric disorders. Among them, bipolar disorder (BPD) has especially attracted growing interest. This is partly due to the fact that early onset BPD has been frequently misdiagnosed as ADHD because of symptomatic overlap. The aim of the present study is to find the differences in demographic data and clinical features of ADHD+BPD and ADHD in children and adolescents. Method : Children and adolescents patients participating in the present study have been enrolled at the child psychiatric clinic since 2004. 14 patients meeting the DSM-IV chteria for ADHD+BPD and 19 patients meeting the criteria for ADHD and 15 healthy comparison subjects were recruited. All groups were evaluated through the Schedule for Affective disorders and Schizophrenia for School-Age Children-Present and Life Time version-Korean version (K-SADS-PL-K). Demographic data and clinical charactehstics of the subjects were also collected. Parents were asked to complete the Child Behavior Check List(CBCL) and the Toddler Temperamental Scale (TTS) clinical ratings were obtained using the Young Mania Rating Scale(YMRS), the Children's Depression Iventory (CDI) and the Dupaul ADHD scale. Clinical variables between ADHD+BPD and ADHD were analyzed using the Mann-Whitney U test. YMRS, CDI, Dupaul ADHD scale (inattention and hyperactivity), CBCL, and TTS among the three groups were analyzed using the Kruskal-Wallis test with post-hoc Mann-Whitney U test. Results : 1) ADHD+BPD group had an earlier onset age of ADHD than ADHD group 2) ADHD+BPD group had more co-morbid psychiathc disorders than ADHD group. 3) Compared to ADHD group, ADHD+BPD had more psychiathc family history, especially mood disorders. 4) ADHD+BPD group had prodromal symptoms such as irritability, anger dyscontrol and academic dysfunction, compared to ADHD group who rarely showed prodromal symptoms. 5) ADHD+BPD group had higher ADHD scores than the ADHD group in the Dupaul ADHD inattentive scale. 6) In global functions of CBCL, ADHD+BPD group showed more impaired functions at home and school than ADHD group. 7) In Attention diagnostic system (ADS), ADHD+BPD group had more omission and commission errors than ADHD group, especially in the visual system. 8) In the subtests of the IQ profile, ADHD+BPD group had lower arithmetic and block design scores than ADHD group. Conclusion : Clinicians have to rule out underlying bipolarity in children and adolescents with ADHD who show earlier age of onset and severe clinical features. Bipolarity should be explored intensively in ADHD children and adolescents who have early onset of symptoms and severe functional impairment.

미역의 알긴산 추출에 미치는 Exo-polygalacturonase의 영향

이동훈,오정훈,황용일,조용진,이승철 Institute of Genetic Engineering Changwon National 1998 Gene and Protein Vol.2 No.1

Alginic acid is a polysaccharide originated from sea mustard. and has been widely used as functional food additives in the food industry. In this experiment, we developed an effective extraction method of alginic acid from sea mustard(Undaria pinnatifida) by an enzymatic method with ego-polygalacturonase ( EPG). The optimal conditions for the extraction of alginic acid with EPG were at 30℃ and pH 7.0, for 12 hours of incubation at a ratio of 1:100 of enzyme to substrate. The yield of enzymatic method and acid-alkali extraction method were shown 34.00% and 20.80%, respectively.

폴리에스터 흡음재가 조합된 다공판 시스템의 흡음성능에 관한 연구

서성원,황윤,이동훈 서울産業大學校 2002 논문집 Vol.53 No.1

The sound absorption coefficients for perforated plate systems containing several compartments with airspaces and polyester absorbing materials are estimated using the transfer matrix method developed in the previous paper. The absorption coefficients from transfer matrix method agree well with the values measured by the two-microphone impedance tube method for various combinations of perforated plates, airspaces or absorbing materials. Based on these results. a guidance for the design of perforated plate systems combined with airspaces and absorbing materials is discussed in detail.

급성 백혈병에서의 감염증치료에 관한 고찰

황태주,국훈,박기원,양동욱,이춘기,최인선,박경옥 大韓血液學會 1990 大韓血液學會誌 Vol.25 No.1