Characterization of the European type of maternal lineage evident in extant Jeju native pigs

Byeong‐Woo Kim,In‐Cheol Cho,Moon‐Sung Park,Tao Zhong,임현태,Sung‐Soo Lee,Hee‐Bok Park,Moon‐Suck Ko,Jun‐Heon Lee,Jin‐Tae Jeon 한국유전학회 2011 Genes & Genomics Vol.33 No.2

Using a partial D‐loop sequence of mtDNA, an intensive analysis was conducted of the maternal lineages of Jeju native pigs (JNPs) from Korea. In total, 100 mtDNA sequences were obtained from Asian wild boars (AWBs), European wild boars (EWBs), Asian domestic pigs (ADPs), European domestic pigs (EDPs), and JNPs and were used for phylogeny and network analyses. Two distinct JNP groups - one (JNPA) in the Asian cluster and the other (JNPE) in the European cluster - were identified in the estimated phylogenetic tree and network. The maternal lineage of JNPE was the closest to that of EWB and a clear haplogroup was identified that shared an identical haplotype (hap04) among 15 individuals of JNPE and 2 individuals of EWB. A Landrace and an EWB shared hap03with a JNPE. EWB, Landrace, Large White, and Duroc formed two clear haplogroups with JNPE in a parsimonious medianjoining network analysis, suggesting that an obvious maternal contribution of EDP has occurred in JNPE in recent years. A pair‐wise mismatch analysis also indicated that JNPE may have experienced a sudden population expansion, suggesting a more recent establishment compared with the gradual population expansion of JNPA. The JNPE group therefore should be further evaluated in order to decide whether this group should be culled or accepted into further programs for maintenance of the JNP population as a pure breed.

Effect of Protein Source and Energy Substrates on the In Vitro Development of Bovine Embryos in a Two-step Culture System

Byeong-chunLee,Kwang-teakLim,Sung-keunKang,Woo-sukHwang 대한수의학회 2003 Journal of Veterinary Science Vol.4 No.1

In this study,we examined the effects of a two-stepculture system, which involves the use of differentculture media for early cleavage and later stageembryos, on the in vitro development of bovineembryos. We also investigated the effect of glucose,phosphate and citrate on the in vitro early develop-mental period of bovine embryos in a two-stepculture system. Moreover, the supplementation ofdifferent protein sources (BSA-V, BSA-FAF and FBS)during IVC did not affect the frequency of blastocystdevelopment. Using two-step culture, embryos werecultured in protein-free media for an initial 5 days.This was then followed by the same culture media oran FBS supplemented media. The developmentalrates of blastocysts in the FBS containing group weresignificantly higher than in the replaced with noserum containing group. Embryos cultured in mSOFsupplemented with 1.5 mM glucose plus 1.2 mMphosphate were significantly inhibited.The inhibitionof developmental competence by glucose plus phos-phate was consistent with the existence of 0.5 mMsodium citrate. This study indicates that a two-stepculture system,which applies different conditions forearly cleavage embryos, i.e., serum-free media, vs.later stage embryos, with serum containing media,may be effective for in vitro production systems. Inaddition, the developmental competence of bovineembryos was depressed in the presence of glucoseplus phosphate as compared to either alone or theabsence of both. Therefore, the avoidance of thisnegative effect should allow more optimal conditionsto be developed for in vitro production.*Corresponding author: Byeong-chun Lee

효모시스템에서 Human Transglutaminase C(TGase 2)의 발현에 관한 연구 : C-말단부위의 결손효과 An Effect of a Domain from Carboxyl Terminal Deletion of the Enzyme

우상규,정선미,이상기,안병윤,김희철 한국미생물생명공학회 ( 구 한국산업미생물학회 ) 1996 한국미생물·생명공학회지 Vol.24 No.3

Transglutaminase(TGase Ⅱ)는 펩타이드-결합 글루타민 잔기와 펩타이드-결합 라이신잔기 및 1차 아민류를 포함하는 다양한 화합물과의 교차결합에 의하여 단백질의 변형을 촉매하는 효소이다. 동물세포에는 구별가능한 5종류의 TGase가 존재한다[TGase Ⅰ(또는 K), Ⅱ(C), Ⅲ(E), Ⅳ(P)와 혈장단백 ⅩⅢa]. 그들은 아미노산 서열에서 N-말단에 약 70%의 상동성을 갖고 있으며, C-말단의 경우에는 거의 상동성이 부위(N-말단 2/3)와 비상동성 부위(C-말단 1/3 부위)의 역할을 알아보기 위해 전체효소 또는 C-말단이 결손된 형태의 효소를 Saccharmoyces cerevisiae에서 발현 하고자 하였다. Southern blot, 역전사 중합 연쇄 반응, Western blot등을 통해 전체효소 및 C-말단 결손형 효소가 형질전환된 효모에서 발현되는 것을 확인하였다. Succinylated casein에 [1,4-^14C]-putrescine이 통합되는 반응을 이용한 활성 측정에서 C-말단이 결손된 TGase Ⅱ는 같은 세포 농도에서 전체 TGase Ⅱ 효소와 비교하여 유사한 수준의 활성을 나타내었다. 이러한 결과들은 사람 TGase Ⅱ의 경우 N-말단의 높은 상동성부위가 효소의 역가결정에 중요하다는 것을 나타내 준다. 효모시스템에서 발현한 결과 효소의 역가가 나타났으나 높지 않았으며 발현된 양이 극히 낮아서 단백질의 정제나 특성연구를 위하여 발현벡터의 개량을 포함한 방법의 개선이 필요하다고 사료된다. 흥미롭게도 TGase Ⅱ의 발현이 효모의 성장을 저해하는 것으로 나타나 이러한 현상이 표피세포의 각질화에 수반된 세포의 죽음과 유관한지의 가능성에 대한 보다 자세한 연구가 필요하다. In an effort to understand the role of the conserved domain and of the heterologous one-third part of the carboxy terminal domain of transglutaminase C (TGase Ⅱ), attempts were made to express TGase Ⅱ cDNA of human origin in yeast Saccharmoyces cerevisiae as in a full-length form as well as in a form of C-terminal truncation. The 2μ-based expression plasmids which contained the TGase Ⅱ cDNA under the gal inducible promoter were introduced into yeast and the maintenance of the full-length and truncated form of the TGase Ⅱ gene plasmids were confirmed by Southern blot. The expression of e results indicate that the N-terminal homologous domain of human TGase Ⅱ retains a catalvtically active domain. The level of TGase Ⅱ expressed in yeast, however, was far lower than satisfactory and other expression system should be sought further characterization of the enzyme. The negative effect of TGase Ⅱ on the growth of yeast is interesting with respect to the physiological effect of TGase Ⅱ in the cornification f epidermal keratinocytes.

사이벡스를 이용한 보강트레이닝 처방 : 근력, 파워, 근 지구력을 중심으로

金秉洙,金義煥,李康雨 龍仁大學校 1992 용인대학교 논문집 Vol.8 No.-

The Purpose of this study was to investigate the prescription of isokinetic strength, muscular power and endurance developed by isokinetic training.Subject was one Korea eleite athlete for male. Isokinetic strength was defined as the maximun peak torque achieved through a range of motion at 240˚/sec and muscular endurance was defind to be the work output perforned by 50 repetitions at 240˚/sec on the lumex Cybex-II. Subject performed in 50 sec.8 repetitions at 60˚/sec., 3 sets 10 repetitions at 240˚/sec.in 3 day week for 8 weeks. The findings of the present case study were as follows. 1) The percent ratio(%) increments of isokinetic strength for right(R.) and left(L.) knee was 9% than pre -test. 2) The percent ratio(%) increments of isokinetic muscular power for knee flexor was 7% than pre -test 3) The percent ratio(%) increments of isokinetic muscular endurance for L.knee extensor, L.knee flexor, R.knee extensor, and R.knee flexors were 11%, 18%, 16% and 22% than pre -test respectively. Within the scope of this study, the finding have suggested the following conclusions ; First, to check injury factors should be useing scientific instrument Cybex-II system. Second, to improve strength, power and muscular endurance should be useing isokinetic training be Cybex - II system.

우리나라의 炭鑛災害分析과 그 改善方案에 關한 硏究

庾炳祐 亞洲大學校 1983 論文集 Vol.6 No.-

Although steady technological progress has taken place for several years toward making coal mining a less hazardous occupation impetus was given to safety and health programs in Korea by passage of the coal mine safety act of 1970. The act embraces not only promulgation and enforcement of regulations, but technical support, worker education and training, and a broad-based research program as well. The act has been described as the most extensive and comprehensive coal mine safety program ever to be undertaken to promote the welfare of each individual coal mine industrial worker. Generally speaking, the allocation of the government funds to this program has reflected the much more severe problems of underground mining as contrasted with those of surface operations. The objectives of this research essentially have provided necessary policy information data for the establishment of the comprehensive coal mine accidental prevention plan by surveying and analysing the patterns, characteristics and tendency of the accidental factors, the accidental costs, coal miner's safety consciousness, and the general management of the coal mine industries, etc. The major contents of the research have included the followings; ● Survey the 96-coal mines (90% of the total domestic coal production) with the pre-designed coal mine survey form, and identify the problems based upon the accidental patterns and tendency, the accidental factors, and the accident costs, etc. in the domestic coal mine industries. ● All accidents reported to the MOER for the years 1965 through 1981 were analysed to determine the general trend which accidental causes had the highest number of deaths and injuries associated with them. ● Analysis the foreign coal mine accidental patterns, severity rate and frequency rate, mine laws and regulations, in order to compare with those of ours. ● Perform the pilot survey and analysis the structure of the coal miner's safety consciousness. ● Apply factor-analysis to investigate the space structure of the coal mine accidental factors. ● Develop the coal mine accident cost model based upon the multiple linear regression method. Based upon the results of this study, we have recommended the following fundamental policy directions to prevent the domestic coal mining accidents; ● Develop a new coal mine accident form for the accurate coal mine accidental pattern analysis, and establish the data basis for the coal mining accidental prevention plan. ● Promote the level of coal miner's safety consciousness by efficient safety education programs, reduce the accidental costs as a part of mine accident reduction plan. ● Increased the direct and indirect investment costs for the safety equipments and facilities, conversion of the old equipments, the new coal mining machinery and safety education programs etc. ● Improve and revise the coal mine regulatories and standards related to safety control for both miners and other employees. ● Provide the actual insurance for mine workers and reduce simultaneously, each mine industies, debts by investigating and modifying the problems related to the mining laws and regulatory.

유도전동기의 자속 및 토크 기울기에 의한 DTC에 관한 연구

임병옥,임홍우,정병호,이강연,백형래,조금배 조선대학교 에너지.자원신기술연구소 2003 에너지·자원신기술연구소 논문지 Vol.25 No.1

Anomaly level의 분류법에 의한 겨울 이상 기온 및 강수량

박병수,민우기 大邱大學校 社會科學硏究所 1999 社會科學硏究 Vol.6 No.2

본 논문의 연구 기간은 세계 기상 기구가 기후를 진단할 때 표준이되는 30년간의 누년 평균치를 "평균치"로 하였으며 Anomaly level의 분류 기준은 월별기온(M)과 표준편차(S.D)를 사용하여 M +2.0S.D 이상을 이상고온으로 하고 M-2.0 S.D를 이상저온으로 구분하였다. 그리고 그 중간에 M +15 S.D와 M - 1.5 S.D를 악간 높음과 약간 낮음으로 표시하였고, M±1 S.D사이는 정상으로 나타내었다. 분석 결과 이상 고온과 저온월을 나타내는 해를 보면 1960년대에는 이상 저온이 고온에 비하여 많이 나타났으나, 70년대에는 이상 저온이 적게 나타나기 시작하여 고온화경향으로 바뀌어가고 있다. 특히 1976년 이후는 저온화 경향이 전혀없고 고온화 현상만 나타나고 있어 근래의 겨울의 이상고온화 경향을 증명하고 있으며, 특히 이러한 현상은 1980년대 말부터 더욱 심각하게 나타나고 있다. 강수량에 있어서는 기온과의 연계성이 뚜렷하지는 않으나 대체적으로 이산고온월에 강수량이 집중되고 있어 겨울에 있어서는 기온과 강수량이 상관을 가지는 것으로 나타나고 있다.

서울시 대기오염과 호흡기 질환 환자와의 관련성에 대한 시계열적 연구

최병철,구정완,박성균,임현우,이강숙,이원철,박정일 大韓産業醫學會 2000 대한직업환경의학회지 Vol.12 No.1

목적 : 서울시의 대기오염 수준이 호흡기 질환 외래 환자수에 미치는 단기 영향을 파악하고자 하였다. 방법 : 1997년 7월부터 1998년 6월까지 서울시의 대기오염자료와 호흡기 질환에 대한 의료보험자료를 분석하였다. 추세변동과 기상요인, 요일 및 주별 효과등의 교란요인을 제어하고 관련성을 평가하기 위하여 generalized additive model(GAM)을 이용하였다. 결과 : 교란요인을 제어한 기본모델에 각 대기오염 물질을 포함시켜 분석한 결과, CO는 모든 연령층에서 일정하게 당일 농도가 가장 유의한 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났고(RR=1.041∼1.051), NO₂역시 3일전의 농도가 모든 연령층에서 가장 유의한 영향을 미쳤다(RR=1.024∼1.050). O₃와 SO₂는 4일전 농도부터 당일 농도까지 지연시간이 길게 나타나는 특징을 보였으며, 15세 이하에서는 3일전 농도가(O₃RR=1.047, 95 % Cl=1.045∼1.049, SO₂RR=1.018, 95 % Cl=1.017∼1.020), 15-64fll (O₃RR=1.035, 95 % Cl=1.032∼1.037, SO₂RR=1.037, 95 % Cl=1.035∼1.039)와 65세 이상 (O₃RR=1.042, 95 % Cl=1.033∼1.051, SO₂RR=1,029, 95 % Cl=1.022∼1.036)에서는 당일 농도가 가장 유의한 결과를 나타냈다. PM□은 유의성이 낮게 나타났는데 15세 이하는 하루 전 농도(RR=1.011, 95 % 71=1.010∼1.013), 15∼64771(RR=1.021, 95 % Cl=1.019∼1.023)와 65세 이상(RR=1.025, 95 % Cl=1.018∼1.032)은 당일 농도가 유의하게 나타났다. 두 포염물질씩을 기본모델에 포함시켜 분석한 결과 CO, NO₂, O₃는 상대위험비가 '단일 오염물질모델'의 값과 거의 일정하게 통계적 유의성을 유지하였으나 SO₂는 15세 이하에서 NO₂와 같이 포함된 모델에서 통계적 유의성을 상실하였다. PM□은 모든 연령층에서 CO와 같이 포함된 모델에서 통계적 유의성을 상실하여 '단일 오염물질모델'에서 나타난 유의성이 CO에 의한 교란작용의 결과임을 알 수 있었다. 또한 15세 이하에서 NO₂, 15∼64세와 65세 이상에서 502와 같이 포함된 모델에서 역시 유의성을 상실하여 본 연구에서 살펴본 호흡기 질환에 미치는 PM□의 영향은 크지 않은 것으로 나타났다. 결론 : 본 연구의 결과는 서울시의 일상적인 대기오염이 여러 호흡기질환의 발생을 증가시킬 수 있음을 보여주었다. 따라서 대기오염의 효율적 규제에 대해 보다 적극적인 대책이 마련되어야 할 것이다. Objectives : This study was conducted to investigate whether air pollution levels in Seoul have short term effects on respiratory disease outpatients. Methods : We analyzed five air pollutants (CO, NO₂, O₃, SO₂, PM□) and daily counts of outpatient for respiratory disease divided by age group ((15yrs, 15-64yrs, 654yrs)during the period of July 1997-June 1998 using Generalized Additive Model (GAM) . Results : After controlling for seasonal trends, day of the week, week of the month, temperature and humidity, CO (RR=1.041 ∼1.051, 0-day lag) and NO₂(RR=1.024∼1.050, 3-day lag) were significantly associated with daily counts for respiratory disease in all age groups. O₃and SO₂were associated, with a 3-day lag in the age group under 15 years (O₃RR=1.047, 95% Cl=1.045-1.049; SO₂RR=1.018, 95% Cl=1.017-1.020) and with a 0-day lag in the age group 15 to 64 years (03 RR=1.035, 95% Cl=1.032-1.037; 502 RR=1.037, 95% Cl=1.035-1.039), in the age group over 65 years (O₃RR=1.042, 95% Cl=1.033-1.051; SO₂RR=1.029, 95% Cl=1.022-1.036). PMlo was weakly associated, with a 1∼day lag In the age group under 15 years (RR=1.011, 95% Cl=1.010-1.013) and with a 0-day lag in the age group 15 to 64 years (RR=1.021, 95% Cl=1.019-1.023), in the age group over 65 years(RR=1.025, 95% Cl=1.018-1.032) . In the' two pollutant model', the magnitudes of the recta alive risk for CO, NO₂nd O₃were maintained, but SO₂was not assoclated with daily counts for respiratory disease in the age group under 15 years after controlling for NO₂-PM□ was not associated in all age groups after controlling for CO, so the association with PM□ in the' single pollutant model' might be confounded by CO. In this study, the impact of PM□ on the respiratory disease was not large as compared with other pollutants. Conclusions : Air pollution in Seoul may Increase the Incidence of the respiratory disease, so more positive attention for the control of air pollution should be paid.

볼 엔드밀 가공시 채터가 가공면에 미치는 영향

박춘우,홍남표,김병희 江原大學校 産業技術硏究所 2001 産業技術硏究 Vol.21 No.A

This paper deals with the study on the culling characteristics in ball-end milling process. First of all, the effects of the geometric cutting conditions such as the spindle speed, feedrates on the surface integrity and machining stability were evaluated by the analytical and the experimental approaches. A large amount of experimental sets are performed to evaluate the effects of chatter phenomenon on the machined surface. The optical microscope and the surface roughness measuring machine are used to measure the surface integrity and roughness of the machined surfaces

多重프로쎄서用 Split Access Bus 의 設計

尹英雨,姜秉旭 영남대학교 공업기술연구소 1984 연구보고 Vol.12 No.1

In this paper, the Split Access Bus, a single shared bus for multimicroprocessor, was suggested, designed and experimented. And it's performance was analyzed. In the Split Access Bus, the transfer of shared memory requert was splitted up with the transfer of read datum. The exclusive bus time for each access was shortened by far, compared to memory access time. As a result, through single shared bus, multiple processing elements could access multiple memory modules during single memory cycle. Results of analysis showed the fact that a single shared bus multimicroprocessor of about fifty processing elements can be constructed without signifficant performance degradation.