日帝의 朝鮮侵略과 初期義兵鬪爭攷

金義煥 동국사학회 1966 동국사학 Vol.10 No.-

이 時期에 있어서도 日帝가 朝鮮?合을 앞두고 많은 또 性能이 優秀한 武器와 增援軍을 本國으로부터 朝鮮에 投入하여 義兵을 討伐하였다는 것을 생각할때 義兵鬪爭은 全民族的인 抗爭으로 發展되어 갔다는 事實을 알 수 있는 것이다. 本稿에서는 紙面關係로 이러한 義兵鬪爭의 全體的인 發展相은 살 팔수 없으므로 主로 儒生義兵將들에 의해 展開되는 1895年(乙未) ? 1896年(丙申)의 初期義兵鬪爭相과 아울러 儒生義兵將들의 淵源系譜와 그 思想을 살피고 이러한 思想 즉 指?理念이 義兵鬪爭에 끼친 寄與性과 制約性을 살핌으로써 ?期義兵鬪爭 全般의 性格을 考察해 보고자 한다.

三·一運動後 民族獨立運動의 性格 : 1920年代 國內 運動을 中心으로 The Internal movements in 1920's

金義煥 釜山工業大學校 1969 論文集 Vol.8 No.-

自由主義 神學이 敎會에 끼친 영향

김의환 아세아연합신학대학교 2004 ACTS 神學과 宣敎 Vol.8 No.-

20세기 초엽까지 화란의 개혁교회와 미국의 장로교회는 정통주의적 신학 입장을 고수하며 성장하였다. 그러나 두 교회의 신학이 변질(變質)되면서 교회의 성장(成長)은 멈추게 되었고, 敎會에 이상한 현상이 나타나기 시작하였다. 필자는 두 교회의 영적 무기력함이 神學的 變質에서 기인된 사실을 추적하여 밝히면서 한국 교회에 경종을 울리고자 한다.

E.M.G에 의한 Isometric 收縮의 特性分析 : 大腿西頭筋을 中心으로 Mainly on Quadr iceps femoris muscle

金義煥 단국대학교 대학원 1981 學術論叢 Vol.5 No.-

This research aimed to analysis of Quadriceps femoris muscle’s isometric contraction by E.M.G. The subjects were one Judo expert who has been practicing Judo for 15 years and three other Judo trainees practicing for two years. The experiment was done at a Laboratory of Human Engineering, Department of the Industrial Engineering, College of Engineering, Seoul National University for two months. The tools were Dynamometer and E. M. G. set. In the experiment, the maximum knee joint extension strength time needed for Maximum Voluntary Contraction (M. V. C.) and M. V. C. exertion of each angle were measured. The maximum knee joint extension strength (M. V. C.100%) was measured and the durations of isometric contraction needed for the levels of strength (75%, 50%, 25%, M. V. C.) respectively were measured. Results and finding were as following 1. Maximum knee joint extension strength time displayed by both the trained and the untrained was 8±1.4 sec. 2. The Maximum Voluntary Contraction of the knee joint extension strength at each angle was formed in 125˚±5 by both the trained and the untrained and was shown in 145˚±5 in the next to the maximum and the next good angle was shown in 105˚±5. 3. The predicts of the individual maximum strength could be measured. 4. Muscle effect of the trained and the untrained could be judged. 5. Effect of training muscle and fatigue condition could be measured. 6. Potential athelets by muscle fiber could be selected. 7. Sincerity or fake of muscle contraction could be distinguished. 8. Maximum Voluntary Contraction 100%, 75% M.V.C., and 50% M.V.C. were displayed when we get simultaneously S+F type, and 25% M.V.C. were displayed S type went on and at last when F type was required amplitudes of Muscle Action Potential rose.

甲午年 9月 再起後의 東學農民抗爭과 그 性格

金義煥 동국대학교 한국학연구소 1977 韓國學硏究 Vol.2 No.-

유도 공중회전낙법의 운동학적 분석

김의환 龍仁大學校 武道硏究所 2004 武道硏究所誌 Vol.14 No.2

The purpose of this study was to analyze the temporal(time elapsed) and posture of the three dimensional kinematic variables of the Air-rolling-breakfall motion, while passing forward over to the vertical-hurdles in Judo. Subjects were three males of Y. University squad, who were trainees of the demonstration exhibition team, representatives of national level Judoka and were filmed on four S-VHS 16 ㎜ video cameras(30frames/ sec.) . The data of this study collection were digitized by KWON3D program computed. Data was standardized using cubic spline interpolation based on the maximum motion time by calculating the mean value and standard deviation for each variables. When performing the Air-rolling-breakfalland, From the data analysis and discussion, the conclusions were as follows : 1. When performing the Air-rolling-breakfall while passing forward over to the vertical-hurdles in Judo, in subject A : hand/arm- foot(alternate) -knee-hip-back/loin-shoulder order, in subject B : hand/arm-hip-foot(alternate) -back/loin-shoulder order, and in subject C : hand/arm- foot(alternate)-knee-hp-back/loin-shoulder touched on the mat order, respectively. 2. The total elapsed time(ET) when performing the Au-Rolling-Breakfall while passing forward over to the vertical-hurdles in Judo, motions averaged 0.754sec∼0.883sec. in from take-off phase to breakfall phase, and by phases, the second phase(air phase, 0.29∼0.32sec, 38.0%∼43.6%) showed the longest time, and next the third phase(breakfall phase, 0.23∼0.33sec.), the first phase(take-off phases, 0.18∼0.19sec, 21.7∼26.1 %), respectively. 3. While passing forward over to the vertical-hurdles when performing the Air-rolling-breakfall, in breakfall phase, by individual subject, and when slapping the mat, the arm should be from the body, subject A(63degree) largest angle, and next subject C(45degree), and subject B(35degree). respectively. When slapping the mat, the arm should be at a 30~45degree angle from the body in principle of judo.

테니스 양손 백핸드 드라이브동작의 중심, 속도변인의 키네메틱분석

김의환,성영호,김성섭,백광현 龍仁大學校 體育科學硏究所 2003 體育科學硏究論叢 Vol.13 No.1

The purpose of this study was to analysis the kinematic variables of two-handed backhand drive in tennis pretending just as real competition situation. Two male Korean juvenile top player who was gold medalists and award in national championships 2000, was filmed on 16㎜ high speed cameras(Photo-sonic co., l00fps, from the front, side view) on performing in two-handed backhand drive in tennis stroke throughout the ball machine(Lob star co., 50㎞/h. on ball speed) by the method of three-dimensional analysis. The kinematic variables, temporal, posture, center of gravity and ball velocity were computed through film analysis. The results were as follows; 1. Center of gravity(COG) variables : The COG of right and left in horizontal aspect showed the large move to the left, and when follow through, subject A had a move to the left, and subject B had a move to the right(6.4cm) slightly. The COG of forward and backward in horizontal aspect showed that subject A had a move to the backward, and subject B had a move to the forward, and until impact, they moved to the forward When follow through, there was a move to the backward, and it showed a trend that subject A was a defensive style and subject B was an offensive style. The COG of up and down in vertical aspect was 88.lcm - 93.3cm in height from the ready position to the follow through, and when stroke, the COG of up and down showed the movement range, 5.2cm. 2. Ball velocity variable : The maximum returned ball speed right after the impact was shown after about 0.036sec., and at this time, subject A had 38.4m/sec., and subject B had 34.5m/sec. respectively. The variable influencing on the ball speed was the variable of posture such as the elbow angle, the shoulder angle and also including the variable of COG in the forward and backward.

유도 측방낙법의 운동학적 변인 특성분석

김의환,김성섭,정재욱 龍仁大學校 武道硏究所 2004 武道硏究所誌 Vol.14 No.2

The purpose of this study was to analyze the traits of the kinematical variables of Yoko ukemi(side breakfall) in Judo, when performing judoists. The subjects were four male judokas who were trainees Y. University Squad members and were filmed on two S-VHS 16㎜ video cameras (60fields/sec.) The kinematical variables were temporal and COG variables. The data of this study collection were digitized by KWON3D program computed the mean values and the standard deviation calculated for each variables. From the data analysis and discussion, the conclusions were as follows: When performing Yoko ukemi(side breakfall) in Jigo hontai(straight defensive posture): 1. Temporal variables, in the time required(TR) by phase, the first phase (take off phase average 0.77sec.) showed the longest time, and the next was the third phase (ukmi phase, 0.46sec.), the second phase(air phase, average 0.19sec.), and the total TR 1.42sec.(±0.13). 2. The body part touched order and TR by the mal were hip (0.98sec.) showed the shortest time, and the next was elbow (0.99sec.), hand(1.01sec.), back(1.01sec.), order, etc. respectively. We know motions that the hip part touched on the mat the first, but before receiving impact, using by arm, and touching by the palm of the hand more strong. 3. Posture variables, vertical COG variable in each event el(ready position 0.98cm) moved the highest, and the next was e2(jumping position, 69.70cm), e3(transition position, 62.42cm), e4(landing position, 40.05cm), and e5(ukemi position, 18.55cm), gradual decrease respectively.

신에게 솔직히

김의환 신학지남사 1968 신학지남 Vol.35 No.2

영주 伊山書院의 건립과 퇴계 이황 제향의 의미

김의환 한국서원학회 2022 한국서원학보 Vol.15 No.-

영주(榮川) 사족들은 일찍부터 학문적 열의가 높아 매년 醫局(濟民樓)을 잠시 빌려 함께 공부하였다. 이때 지역 사족들과 李滉・李瀣 형제도 함께 참여하여 서로 교유하였다. 제민루에서 강학은 여러 면에서 불편하여 안정적 공간 확보가 필요하 였다. 이에 이들은 명종 13년(1558) 군수 安瑺의 지원 아래 이산면 번천 고개(樊 峴)에 32칸의 이산서원을 건립하였다. 이것은 朴承任・張壽禧 등 이황의 문인들이 주도하였다. 이때 이황은 서원의 건립 과정에서 적극적으로 자문하고 지도하였다. 그는 ‘爲己之學’의 이념에 따라 강당은 敬止堂, 동재와 서재는 誠正齋와 進修齋, 누대는 觀物臺라고 이름을 짓고 편액까지 써 주었다. 이황은 건립 당시 제향 인물이 없더라도 서원의 규모를 갖추었기 때문에 ‘書院’ 으로 할 것을 자문하였다. 서원 이름은 ‘山伊村’이라는 지명과 ‘志伊學顔’의 의미를 더하여 ‘伊山書院’이라 하였다. 그리고 이들은 이황에게 「伊山書院記」와 「伊山院規」를 받아 서원의 운영규칙을 제정하였다. 이 원규는 영남 남인계의 서원은 물론 일부 서인계 서원의 원규 제정에 典範이 되었다. 영주 사족들은 선조 6년(1573) 서원에 이황을 제향하였다. 이 서원은 이제 서재 형태의 서원에서 벗어나 道學者를 제향한 서원으로서 그 위상이 한층 높아졌다. 이는 최초로 이황을 제향(사액)한 서원이라는 점과 함께, 처음으로 공자-주자-정 몽주-이황으로 이어지는 영남학파의 道學的 正統을 확립한 의미가 있었다. 이산서원은 선조 6년(1573) 11월 ‘伊山’이라는 사액을 받아 지역을 대표하는 서원으로 자리매김하였고, 광해군 7년(1615)에는 수구리(林丘)에 이건되었다. 그리고 이 서원에서는 이황의 「聖學十圖」와 「戊辰封事」가 간행되었고, ≷嘯皐集≸과 ≷榮州誌≸ 등이 편찬되었다. 이산서원의 건립・사액은 이후 새로운 서원을 건립하는 자극제가 되었다. 이후이 서원의 건립・제향 등을 주도한 인물을 제향하는 鄕賢祠(龜江書院)가 세워졌고, 다시 이황을 제향한 郁陽書院이 세워지는 등 많은 서원이 건립되었다. 이 지역의 서원은 壯巖書院(1691)을 제외하고 모두 남인계 성향을 고수하였다.