스포츠 참가 대학생의 스마트폰 이용정도와 이용동기 및 중독 간의 관계

오인호(Oh, In-Ho),윤수한(Yun, Soo-Han),김범식(Kim, Beom-Sig),박해완(Park, Hae-Wan),최현민(Choi, Hyun-Min) 한국체육과학회 2015 한국체육과학회지 Vol.24 No.3

This study has an objective to investigate the correlation between Smartphone usage degree and usage motivation and Smartphone addiction targeting the university students who participate in sports activities and to prevent the negative harmful effects resulted from expanded diffusion of Smartphone. In order to achieve this objective, survey was conducted targeting 450 university students in Seoul and Gyeonggi area and 440 data were used for final analysis. Regarding analysis method, SPSS 20.0 program was used to conduct frequency analysis, exploratory factor analysis, reliability analysis t-test, one-way analysis of variance, correlation analysis and multiple regression analysis and deducted results are as follows. First, study results with t-test and one-way analysis of variance to identify the correlation between Smartphone usage degree and usage motivation and Smartphone addiction according to demographic characteristics showed statistically significant differences between Smartphone usage degree and usage motivation and Smartphone addiction according to the gender. Additionally, statistically significant differences between Smartphone usage degree and usage motivation were identified according to school year. Second, multiple regression analysis results to investigate the correlation between Smartphone usage degree and usage motivation showed partial effects. Third, multiple regression analysis results to investigate the correlation between Smartphone usage degree and Smartphone addiction showed partial effects. Fourth, multiple regression analysis results to investigate the correlation between Smartphone usage motivation and Smartphone addiction showed partial effects.

어머니와 유아기 자녀의 스마트폰 과몰입 관계에서 어머니의 수면 전 스마트폰 사용습관의 영향

황신해,장소현 한국유아교육학회 2019 유아교육연구 Vol.39 No.2

This study was conducted to identify and prevent an environment indulging smartphone-usage that causes children’s smartphone addiction at home. For the purpose of the study, survey was conducted on the use of smartphones for mothers with 3 to 5-year-old schildren. The collected data were analyzed with SPSS 22.0 and PROCESS MACRO 3.0. ProcessR was used for control effect analysis and visualization. The adjustment effect was analyzed using the Process macro No. 1 model presented by Hayes(2017) and average centred was used to solve the problem of porosity. As a result, there was a positive correlation between mother’s smartphone addiction and their children’s dependence on smartphone. A particular focus was bestowed on the mother’s smartphone usage habits before sleeping. The data analysis showed that as the mother used smartphone before sleep, their smartphone addiction had effected a stronger impact on children's dependence on smartphone than when they did not. Smartphones are already an essential tool in our life and it is impossible to keep children from accessing them. Therefore, it is necessary to provide a usage guideline for smartphone with an aim to prevent an addiction, in families with young children. 본 연구는 유아의 스마트폰 과몰입을 강화하는 가정 내 스마트폰 사용 환경을 파악하고 이를 예방하기 위한 기초자료를 마련하고자 이루어졌다. 연구 목적에 따라 만 3세에서 5세 자녀를 둔 어머니를 대상으로 어머니와 자녀의 스마트폰 사용습관에 대한 설문을 진행하였다. 수집된 자료는 SPSS 22.0와 PROCESS MACRO 3.0 그리고 조절효과 분석 및 시각화를 위해 processR을 사용했다. 조절효과는 Hayes(2017)가 제시한 Process macro 1번 모형으로 분석하였으며 다중공선성문제를 해결하기 위해 평균중심화를 사용했다. 분석 결과 어머니와 자녀의 스마트폰 과몰입 간 정적 상관이 나타났다. 특히 가정 내 스마트폰 사용습관으로, 잠자기 전 스마트폰의 사용 여부에 따라 살펴보았을 때, 어머니가 수면 전 스마트폰을 사용하는 경우 어머니의 스마트폰 과몰입이 자녀의 스마트폰 과몰입에 강한 영향을 미치고 강화작용을 하는 것으로 나타났다. 이처럼 특정 조건에서 스마트폰 과몰입의 부정적 영향이 커진다는 본 연구 결과를 바탕으로 이후 연구에서 가정 내 부모의 스마트폰 사용 목적, 사용 시각, 사용 상황 등 다양한 변인을 고려한 연구가 추가적으로 이루어질 것을 제안한다.

청소년의 스마트폰 과의존성 수준 및 심각성 인식에 따른 올바르지 못한 스마트폰에 대한 신념 및 이용 시 정서 특성 차이 비교

연은모(Eun Mo Yeon),최효식(Hyo-Sik Choi) 한국산학기술학회 2019 한국산학기술학회논문지 Vol.20 No.5

이 연구의 목적은 청소년을 대상으로 스마트폰 과의존성 수준과 개인의 과의존성에 대한 심각성 인식을 함께 고려했을 때 집단 특성이 어떻게 나타나는지 확인하는 것이다. 그리고 성별에 따라 분류된 집단에 포함되는 비율에 차이가 있는지 확인하고, 분류된 집단에 따라 올바르지 못한 스마트폰에 대한 신념, 스마트폰 이용 시 정서 특성에 차이가 있는지 확인하는 것이다. 이를 위해 2017년 스마트폰 과의존 실태조사 자료 중 청소년(만10∼19세)의 자료를 활용하였으며, 분석 대상은 2,033명이었다. 분석 방법으로 χ² 검정, 다변량분산분석을 사용하였다. 분석 결과, 첫째, 청소년의 스마트폰 과의존성의 심각성 정도와 심각성에 대한 개인의 인식을 함께 고려했을 때, 스마트폰 ‘일반사용자군이면서 과의존성에 대한 심각성 인식이 낮은 집단’ 1,038명(51.1%), ‘위험사용자군이면서 과의존성에 대한 심각성 인식이 높은 집단’ 480명(23.6%), ‘일반사용자군이면서 과의존성에 대한 심각성 인식이 높은 집단’ 365명(18.0%), ‘위험사용자군이면서 과의존성에 대한 심각성 인식이 낮은 집단’ 150명(7.4%)으로 확인되었다. 둘째, 성별에 따라 네 집단에 포함되는 비율에 차이가 없는 것으로 확인되었다. 셋째, ‘일반사용자군이면서 과의존성에 대한 심각성 인식이 낮은 집단’이 다른 세 집단보다 올바르지 못한 스마트폰에 대한 신념 수준이 낮은 것으로 확인되었다. 넷째, ‘위험사용자군이면서 과의존성에 대한 심각성 인식이 높은 집단’과 ‘일반사용자군이면서 과의존성에 대한 심각성 인식이 높은 집단’이 ‘위험사용자군이면서 과의존성에 대한 심각성 인식이 낮은 집단’과 ‘일반사용자군이면서 과의존성에 대한 심각성 인식이 낮은 집단’보다 스마트폰 이용 시 느끼는 긍정 정서 수준이 높은 것으로 확인되었다. 본 연구는 청소년의 스마트폰 과의존성 특징을 이해하고, 과의존성을 낮추기 위해서는 스마트폰 과의존성에 대한 개인의 인식을 함께 살펴보는 것이 중요함을 시사한다. The purpose of this study was to investigate the identified groups depend on the relationship of smartphone overdependence and adolescents’ perception of smartphone overdependence itself. The study also explored gender positions in classified groups and the relationship between irrational perception of smartphone and positive emotion while smartphone usage. The participants to the study were 2,033 adolescents, aged between 10 and 19 from a smartphone overdependence survey of the National Information Society Agency. As a result of the qui-square analysis and MANOVA, four groups were classified depend on perception of smartphone overdependence and related smartphone overdependence behaviors. Second, gender did not show any differences in groups. Third, adolescents with lower perception in smartphone overdependence showed lower perception of smartphone usage compared to other adolescents in three groups. Fourth, adolescents with constructive perception in smartphone overdependence reported positive emotions. The results of this study suggest that it is necessary to understand adolescents’ smartphone overdependence and look together with the irrational perception of smartphone.

안전한 스마트폰 애플리케이션 개발을 위한 보안 고려사항 및 국산암호알고리즘 적용 방안 연구

김지연,전웅렬,이영숙,김미주,정현철,원동호 (사)디지털산업정보학회 2011 디지털산업정보학회논문지 Vol.7 No.1

A smartphone is a mobile phone that offers more advanced computing ability and connectivity than a contemporary basic feature phone. Unlike feature phone, a smartphone allows the user to install and run more advanced applications based on a specific platform. Smartphones run complete operating system software providing a platform for application developers. A smartphone will become the default computing method for many point activities in the not-too-distant future, such as e-mail, online shopping, gaming, and even video entertainment. For smartphone that contains sensitive information and access the Internet, security is a major issue. In the 1980s, security issues were hardly noticed; however, security is a major issue for users today, which includes smart phones. Because security is much more difficult to address once deployment and implementation are underway, it should be considered from the beginning. Recently our government recognized the importance of smartphone security and published several safety tips for using the smartphone. However, theses tips are user-oriented measures. Maintaining the security of a smartphone involves the active participation of the user. Although it is a important users understand and take full advantage of the facilities afforded by smarphone, it is more important developers distribute the secure smartphone application through the market. In this paper we describe some scenarios in which user is invaded his/her privacy by smartphone stolen, lost, misplaced or infected with virus. Then we suggest the security considerations for securing smartphone applications in respect with developers. We also suggest the methods applying domestic encryption algorithms such as SEED, HIGHT and ARIA in developing secure applications. This suggested security considerations may be used by developers as well as users (especially organizations) interested in enhancing security to related security incidents for current and future use of smartphones.

일부 치위생과 학생의 스마트폰 중독경향과 관련된 영향요인 연구

정미경,이지영,문경희,Jeong, Mi-Kyoung,Lee, Ji-Young,Moon, Kyung-Hui 한국임상보건과학회 2019 한국임상보건과학회지 Vol.7 No.2

Purpose: The purposes of this study are to investigate the actual uses of a smartphone and tendencies for smartphone addiction among dental hygiene students, examine the effects of life stress, self-esteem, communication ability and interpersonal relationship ability considered to have correlations with addiction, and is provided basic data to solve the problems. Methods: The investigator analyzed data collected from 332 students in the Dental Hygiene Department at J University in Gyeongnam Province with SPSS 18.0. Results: The students scored mean 2.34±0.40 points on the four-point scale of smartphone addiction tendencies, 1.70±0.43 on the life stress scale, 2.99±0.32 on the interpersonal relationship ability scale, 2.80±0.42 on the self-esteem scale, and 2.83±0.39 on the Communication ability scale. There were differences in their smartphone addiction tendencies according to such general characteristics as the grade(p<.05), perceptions of a smartphone(p<.001), and hours of using a smartphone(p<.001). They had differences in life stress according to the grade(p<.01). Their smartphone addiction tendencies increased according to higher percentage of a smartphone(β=.360, p<.001), longer hours of using a smartphone(β=.225, p<.001), and greater life stress(β=.297, p<.001). The higher their smartphone addiction tendencies were, the lower their self-esteem was(β=.-210, p<.001). Conclusions: The study provides data needed for dental hygiene students to recognize the problems of smartphone addiction, find improvement measures, and make effective use of a smartphone.

Smartphone Adoption using Smartphone Use and Demographic Characteristics of Elderly

Wonkyoung Shin,Dongbeum Lee,Minyong Park 대한인간공학회 2012 大韓人間工學會誌 Vol.31 No.5

Objective: The purpose of this study was to investigate major factors influencing adoption of smartphone to promote its use by older adults. Background: Despite increasing proportion of elderly people and elderly market, the proportion of elderly smartphone user is still relatively small compared to whole smartphone users. Thus, we need to find out major factors influencing adoption of smartphone to increase proportion of elderly smartphone users. Method: Seven major factors were extracted from 36 survey questions using factor analysis. Regression analysis was also applied to determine specific factors affecting intention of use based on user versus non-user of smartphone, age, gender, and educational background. Results: As results of factor analysis and regression analysis, major factors influencing adoption of smartphone for elderly users were significantly different according to gender, age, educational background based on smartphone users or non-users. Conclusion: The result of this study identified major factors influencing adoption of smartphone for the elderly and provided basic information related to adoption of smartphone according to elderly people"s characteristics. Consequently, we can expect to reduce the information gap and to improve quality of life for the elderly. Application: The development and marketing strategy could be applied differently based on the factors influencing adoption of smartphone. It is also possible to develop a prediction model for smartphone adoption according to elderly users" characteristics.

스마트폰 중독 경향집단의스마트폰 관련 자극에 대한 주의편향: 정서스트룹 및 탐침 탐사과제를 중심으로

허효주,박형규,장문선,곽호완 한국건강심리학회 2017 한국심리학회지 건강 Vol.22 No.1

The aim of this study was to examine the effect of attentional bias for stimuli that are relevant in a group tending toward smartphone addiction using the Emotional Stroop Task and the Dot-Probe Task. The experiments were conducted with a general group (control group) included. Total 44 students participated in two tasks (22 addictive tendency group and 22 general group). Tendencies toward smartphone addiction were categorized by the Survey of Smartphone Addiction Scale (S-scale). In two experiments, Repeated ANOVA was used for statistical analysis. In experiment 1, the Emotional Stroop Task was performed, using smartphone-related and general words. There was no statistically significant difference between the subsamples, but the smartphone addictive tendency group displayed a slower reaction time for smartphone-related words, while the control group did for control words. In experiment 2, a modified Dot-Probe Task was conducted, using smartphone-related stimuli and control stimuli in pairs under 500 ms and 2,000 ms Stimulus-Onset Asynchrony (SOA) conditions. Under the SOA 500 ms condition, the smartphone addictive tendency group reacted more quickly to smartphone-relevant stimuli than to control stimuli which revealed an attentional bias for the former. The control group exhibited exactly the opposite response tendency: They reacted more quickly to the control stimuli than to the smartphone stimuli. There were no statistically significant results under the 2,000 ms SOA condition. This results can be interpreted as ‘Inhibition of Return(IOR)’. The findings suggest that the smartphone addictive tendency group has different attention characteristics than the control group. Such study results and related further research can be used for the evaluation of smartphone addiction. 본 연구는 수정된 정서 스트룹 과제와 탐침 탐사 과제를 사용하여 스마트폰 중독 경향 집단이 스마트폰 관련 자극에 보이는 주의편향 특성을 밝히고자 하였다. 성인용 스마트폰중독 자가진단 척도를 통해 분류된 스마트폰 중독 경향이 높은 집단과 일반사용자군(통제집단)을 대상으로 실험을실시하였다. 실험 1에서는 스마트폰 관련 단어를 활용한 정서 스트룹 과제를 실시하였다. 그 결과, 집단 간 통계적으로 유의한 차이는 없었지만, 스마트폰 중독 경향 집단은 스마트폰 관련 단어에대해, 통제 집단은 통제 단어에 더 느린 반응 시간을 보였다. 실험 2에서는 자극 제시 시차(SOA) 를 500ms와 2000ms로 설정하여 스마트폰 관련 자극과 통제 자극을 쌍으로 제시하는 수정된 탐침탐사 과제를 실시하였다. 그 결과, 자극 제시 시차가 짧은 경우(500ms), 스마트폰 중독 경향 집단은 스마트폰 관련 자극에 대하여 선택적인 주의편향을 보였고, 통제 집단은 이와 정반대의 결과인 통제 자극에 더 빠르게 반응하는 경향이 나타났다. 자극 제시 시차가 긴 경우(2000ms)는 통계적으로 유의미한 결과가 나타나지 않았다. 본 연구의 결과는 스마트폰 중독 경향 집단이 통제집단과 비교되는 주의 특성이 있다는 점과, 스마트폰 중독을 위한 평가 및 연구에 본 과제들을 활용할 수 있다는 점을 시사한다.

스마트폰 과다사용과 관련 있는 유아 개인 변인 연구

김현수,이미연 한국아동심리치료학회 2017 한국아동심리치료학회지 Vol.12 No.1

This study aimed to identify kindergartener intra-individual variables related to smartphone overuse. Based on previous findings in the addiction literature and related theoretical explanations, this study focused on kindergartener gender, age at the time of first smartphone use, smartphone proficiency, four temperaments (novelty seeking, harm avoidance, reward dependency, persistence), and length of time using the smartphone for three different purposes (weekly smartphone use for learning, for streaming, and for gaming) and examined the relationships between these variables and kindergarteners’ smartphone overuse scores. For this purpose, the study asked mothers of 5-year-old children in Seoul and Gyunggi areas to complete questionnaires. A total of 234 mother-reported data pertaining to 97 boys (41.5%) and 137 girls (58.5%) entered into analyses. All the kindergarteners analyzed were reported to have experiences using the smartphone. Correlation analyses demonstrated smartphone overuse to be correlated positively with novelty seeking, smartphone use for gaming and for streaming, smartphone proficiency, harm avoidance and reward dependence, and negatively with persistence and age of first smartphone use. Stepwise multiple regression analysis found that 6 (novelty seeking, smartphone use for gaming, smartphone proficiency, smartphone use for streaming, harm avoidance, and age of first smartphone use) out of a total of 10 kindergartener variables significantly predicted kindergartener smartphone overuse scores. Clinical implications of these research findings and recommendations for future study were discussed.

스마트폰 특성이 스마트폰 만족과 이용의도에 미치는 영향: 이동통신요금의 조절효과 분석

김영문,노미진 사단법인 인문사회과학기술융합학회 2017 예술인문사회융합멀티미디어논문지 Vol.7 No.12

The smartphone has been popularized with the activation of the internet, and the use of the smartphone has increased because it can be used in real time without the space constraints. Therefore, this study is to investigate the usage intention of smartphone. First, we examine the effect of smartphone characteristics, technology sophistication, product advertisement, and degree of use, on usage satisfaction of smartphone. Second, we also investigate the relationship between usage satisfaction and usage intention of smartphone such as the repurchase intention and mouth to mouth intention. Finally, we analyze the moderating effect of the communication fee between usage satisfaction and intention of smartphone. This study tested the research model based on the 275 questionnaires and the hypotheses were verified based on the structural model. The results show that technology sophistication of smartphone and degree of use have a positive effect on the usage satisfaction of smartphone. The usage satisfaction has a positive effect on the purchase intention of smartphone and word to mouth. Finally, the moderating effect of communication fee between usage satisfaction on word to mouth was found. This study will provide useful information to researchers and practitioners who are interested in using smartphones. 최근 스마트 미디어의 활성화로 스마트폰의 대중화가 이루어졌으며, 스마트폰은 시공간 제약 없이 실시간으로 사용할 수 있다는 점에서 스마트폰에 대한 사용이 증가하게 되었다. 그러므로 본 연구는 스마트폰 사용 의도에 대한 연구를 수행하고자 한다. 첫째, 기술정교성, 제품광고, 사용정도와 같은 스마트폰의 특성이 스마트폰 만족에 미치는 영향을 살펴본다. 둘째, 스마트폰 만족이 재구매 의도와 구전 의도와 같은 스마트폰 사용의도에 미치는 영향을 살펴본다. 셋째, 스마트폰 통신 요금의 조절효과를 분석한다. 본 연구는 275부의 설문지를 분석에 활용하였다. 분석결과는 다음과 같다. 기술정교성과 사용정도는 스마트폰 만족에 긍정적인 영향을 미친 반면 제품 광고는 영향을 미치지 못하였다. 또한 스마트폰 사용 만족은 재구매 의도와 구전의도에 긍정적인 영향을 미쳤다. 스마트폰 통신요금에 따른 조절효과를 보면 스마트폰 만족이 구전효과에 미칠 때에 조절역할을 보여주고 있다. 본 연구는 스마트폰 사용에 관심이 있는 연구자와 실무자들에게 유용한 정보를 제공할 수 있을 것이다.

한국 청소년의 스마트 폰 중독과 우울, 사회 불안의 상관 관계

이성철(Sung Chul Lee),최태영(Tae Young Choi),우정민(Jung Min Woo),김지현(Ji Hyun Kim),서민재(Min Jae Seo),곽상규(Sang Gyu Kwak),이종훈(Jong Hun Lee) 대한생물치료정신의학회 2014 생물치료정신의학 Vol.20 No.3

Objectives:Recently, adolescent use of smartphones has dramatically increased. Consequently, smartphone addiction has emerged as a serious social problem. Researches on internet and cellular phone addiction have reported correlation between such addictions and symptoms such as depression and social anxiety. However, there have only been limited studies on the relationship between smartphone use, depression and social anxiety. Methods:Subjects involved in this study are 57 high school students and 16 patients who are diagnosed with depressive disorder in a university hospital and are currently being treated on visitation basis. In order to measure smartphone addiction, this research used Smartphone Addiction Proneness Scale(SAPS) developed by Korea National Information Society Agency in 2011. In order to measure depression and social anxiety, Beck Depression Inventory(BDI) and Fear of Negative Evaluation(KFNE) were used respectively. Results:The prevalence of smartphone addiction was 24.7%. The BDI and KFNE scores for the smartphone-addicted group were significantly higher than subjects who are not addicted to smartphone use. The percentage of women in the smartphone-addicted group was meaningfully higher than that in the non-addicted group. Although there was an overall meaningful correlation between smartphone addiction, BDI and KFNE, when considered in the context of gender, only females showed a meaningful correlation between smartphone addiction, BDI, and KFNE. Conclusion:Depression and social anxiety are meaningfully correlated to smartphone addiction. Women have shown a strong correlation between social anxiety and smartphone addiction. This may suggest that women tend to cope with their emotional problems caused by their interpersonal relationships through use of information technologies that enable them to access the virtual world. This research also shows that it may be beneficial to treat patients with both smartphone addiction and depression, social anxiety on an individualized basis.