Genome-wide investigation of a Korean synthetic breed, Woori-Heukdon using the Illumina PorcineSNP60K BeadChip

Yong‑Min Kim,Ha‑Seung Seong,Jung‑Jae Lee,Da‑Hye Son,Jin‑Su Kim,Soo‑Jin Sa,Young‑Sin Kim,Tae‑Jeong Choi,Kyu‑Ho Cho,Joon‑Ki Hong,Jung‑Woo Choi,Eun‑Seok Cho 한국유전학회 2020 Genes & Genomics Vol.42 No.12

Background: Woori-Heukdon (KWH) is a Korean synthetic pig breed generated using Chookjin-Duroc (KCD), Chookjin-Chamdon (KCC), and their crossbreds. Currently, there is a severe lack of studies investigating the Korean breed populations including wild boars (KWB) throughout the genome. Objective: This study was performed to investigate the genetic characteristics of Korean pig populations at the genome-wide level. Methods: Using the SNP dataset derived from genotyped and downloaded datasets using the Illumina PorcineSNP60K BeadChip, we compared the genomes of 532 individuals derived from 23 pig breeds to assess the genetic diversity, inbreeding coefficient, genetic differentiation, and population structure. Results: KWB showed the lowest average expected heterozygosity (HE = 0.1904), while KWH showed the highest genetic diversity (HE = 0.02859) among Korean populations. We verified that the genetic composition of KWH, showing USD of 74.8% and KCC of 25.2% in ADMIXTURE analysis. In population structure analyses, KCC was consistently shown to be separated from other pig populations. In addition, we observed gene flow from Western pigs to a part of Chinese populations. Conclusion: This study showed that Korean native pigs, KCC have genetic differences in comparison with Chinese and Western pigs; despite some historical records and recent genetic studies, we could not find any clear evidence that KCC was significantly influenced by Chinese or Western breeds in this study. We also verified the theoretical genomic composition of KWH at the molecular level in structure analyses. To our knowledge, this is the first genomic study to investigate the genomic characteristics of KWH and KCC.

Computational Interpretation of the Relation Between Electric Field and the Applied Current for Cathodic Protection Under Different Conductivity Environments

Yong‑Sang Kim,Sang‑Jin Ko,Sangkyu Lee,Jung‑Gu Kim 대한금속·재료학회 2018 METALS AND MATERIALS International Vol.24 No.2

An interpretation of the relation between the electric field and the applied current for cathodic protection is investigated usinga boundary element method simulation. Also, a conductivity-difference environment is set for the interface influence. Thevariation of the potential distribution is increased with the increase of the applied current and the conductivity differencedue to the rejection of the current at the interface. In the case of the electric field, the tendencies of the increasing rate andthe applied currents are similar, but the interface influence is different according to the directional component and field type(decrease of Ez and increases of Ex and Ey) due to the directional difference between the electric fields. Also, the changetendencies of the electric fields versus the applied current plots are affected by the polarization curve tendency regardingthe polarization type (activation and concentration polarizations in the oxygen-reduction and hydrogen-reduction reactions). This study shows that the underwater electric signature is determined by the polarization behavior of the materials.

대뇌실질에 발생한 포도낭미충증 -증례 보고-

김상진,김진용,박상근,고원규,신형식,황용순 대한신경외과학회 1999 Journal of Korean neurosurgical society Vol.28 No.9

생체분해성 망막압정을 이용한 망막고정에 대한 실험적 연구

김용백,민병무,김창식,박근성,김승영,길숙종,조항진,이성복,노승무,송규상,강대영,조준식,양준묵,정경수,최선웅,이진호,김학용,인현빈 충남대학교 의과대학 지역사회의학연구소 1998 충남의대잡지 Vol.25 No.1

Biodegradable retinal fixation devices obtain mechnical fixation of the retina with desirable chorioretinal scarring and with the potential for local, sustained release of antimetabolites and steroids to inhibit proliferative vitreoretinopathy. We manufactured a biodegradable retinal tack with barb that was designed in order to prevent intrusion from implantation of retinal tacks. This study was carried to evaluate the efficacy for retinal fixation and the capability for sustained release of drugs with a newly designed biodegradable retinal tack Biodegradable retinal tacks were made of polymers of glycolic acids and were designed with barbs in a shape to prevent the disinsertion. Biodegradale retinal tacks are divided into 3 parts, a conical portion that is inserted into the sclera, a cylinder portion that remains in the vitreous, and a neck portion between the pin and the cylinder. The tapered conical end was manufactured to allow easy insertion through the retina and choroid into the sclera. A cylinder portion was manufactured with a tapered angle that fixes firmly into the orifice of 19 gauge spinal needle. A neck portion, 0.4 mm in diameter, was designed to prevent disinsertion from following implantation of retinal tack. The applicator was a 19 gauge spinal needle and its orifice was prepared to 15°angle to accept the tapered cylinder portion of the retinal tack. The retinal tacks, secured in the needles, were passed through the formed vitreous and inserted into the retina, choroid, and sclera and were released by pushing the internal needle, usually within 2-3mm of the medullary ray of the posterior rabbit retina A retinal tack was placed in each of 8 pigmented rabbit eyes. Slit-lamp biomicroscopy, indirect ophthalmoscopy and fundus photography were performed periodically from 1 day to 8 weeks after surgery. Eight eyes were enucleated and studied by light microscopy at 8 weeks. Biomicroscopic evaluation of the animals revealed edemas adjacent to the retinal surfaces immediately after insertion of the biodegradable retinal tacks in all the animals. These edemas disappeared after 1 week. The first noticeable change in the size of retinal tacks was shown after 2weeks. The size of the retinal tacks gradually got smaller, decreasing to about one-half at 4 weeks and about one-third at 8 weeks. All retinal tacks remained in inserted places without any movement for an 8 week period. On light microscopy, epiretinal proliferations were seen to extend into the vitreous cavity. Cellular capsules that lined the inner aspect of the scleral defect caused by tack insertion were found. However the adjacent retina had a normal cytologic appearance and architecture in all specimens. We manufactured a biodegradable retinal tack that is designed to prevent intrusion from implantation of retinal tacks. All biodegradable retinal tacks reduce in size with time, but no retinal tacks extruded from the inserted place. The newly designed biodegradable retinal tack can be used for retinal fixation and may be used as a vehicle for the introduction of pharmacologic agents to prevent the cellular events that promote proliferative vitreoretinopathy.

플라톤 사상이 근대 천문학 탄생 과정에 끼친 영향

임진용 ( Jin Yong Im ) 한국서양고대역사문화학회 2010 서양고대사연구 Vol.27 No.-

The effects of the Platonic ideas in the Procedures of the Modern Astronomy Birth Im, Jin-Yong So far the study of the effects of the Platonic ideas in the procedures of the modern astronomy birth has been superficial. The purpose of this study is to understand the effects of the Platonic ideas on the modern astronomy. But it is not concerned here with mathematical parts. Only what I wish to show in this study is the context of the thinking about the universe from the ancient Greek Ages to the terminal Renaissance. The Platonic ideas on the universe are more geometrical and harmonic than any other ideas. The characteristics of the Platonic ideas assimilated with Christianity in the Middle Ages. But those ideas took a position against the Aristotle`s ideas which had filled the role of the standard of the studies in the Middle Ages. The rebirth of the Platonic ideas in the Middle Ages was not original, that is to say Neo-Platonism. Because it dealed with more various parts, The Neo-Platonism was different from the original Platonic ideas. The Neo-Platonism expelled the Aristotle`s theories from the astronomical region. Therefore The Neo-Platonism commuted the non-geometrical standpoint into the geometrical standpoint in the interpretation of the universe. The Neo-Platonism inspired the ideas for the interpretation of the universe in Copernicus and Kepler. Specially the geometrical methods was very important and necessary for constructing the model of the solar system and the universe. The Neo-Platonic books provided the ideas(a geometry, musical chords, a notion of anima mundi, a notion of the infinite universe, etc) for creating the heliocentric system with the Renaissance astronomers. Thus the Platonism played a key functional role in the birth of the modern astronomy.

순환기 내과로 자문의뢰된 환자의 임상상

황진용,최지용,손상균,조용근,채성철,전재은,박의현 慶北大學校 醫科大學 1996 慶北醫大誌 Vol.37 No.4

목적 : 순환기내과 영역은 많은 과로부터 자문의뢰를 받는 영역으로 알려져 있다. 특히 최근 우리나라의 순환기질환의 유형이 변화되고 입원환자가 고령화되면서 동반된 심질환의 유병율도 증가하고있다. 이에 저자들은 타과로 입원하여 순환기내과로 자문의뢰되는 환자의 임상상과 3차병원인 경북대학교병원에서의 순환기내과자문의 유용성 등을 평가하여 향후 순환기질병에 대한 협의진료에 도움을 주고자 본 연구를 시행하였다. 방법 : 1995년 3월부터 순환기내과로 공식자문의뢰된 첫 100명을 대상으로 전향적으로 연령, 의뢰이유, 최종진단명, 수술과의 관련성 여부, 순환기내과의 최종조치, 타과의 순응도 등을 조사하였다. 결과 : 1) 자문을 의뢰한 환자는 평균 58±16(15-89, 중앙치 61)세였고 60세이상의 환자가 57%로 고령의 환자가 많았다. 2) 내과계열 25%, 외과계열 75%로 외과계열의 자문이 많았고 일반외과가 26%로 가장 많았고 내과의 다른 분과가 12%, 신경외과 12%, 정형외과 11%, 흉부외과 11%, 신경과 11% 등의 순이었다. 외과계열중 수술을 시행한 경우는 58례로 이중 응급수술이 13례였다. 술전 위험도 평가를 위한 자문이 38례에서 있었는데 순환기적인 문제로 수술을 받지 못한 경우는 2례(1례는 허혈성 심질환, 1례는 심낭질환)이었다. 이때 응급수술을 제외한 입원일과 술전 자문일파의 간격은 평균 3±7일(입원일-42일)이고 술전 자문일과 수술일과의 간격은 평균 6±4일(1-16일)이었다. 3) 타과의 의뢰이유는 심전도 이상이 36례, 높게 측정된 혈압이 20례, 순환기질환의 과거력 17례, 환자의 증상 때문인 경우가 10례였고 심전도의 이상중에는 부정맥이 18례, 이상 Q파 6례, ST절 이상이 5례, 각차단이 3례의 순이었다. 순환기과거력 중에는 허혈성 심질환이 6례, 현재 혈압은 정상이나 고혈압의 과거력이 있는 경우가 4례 순이었고 환자의 증상은 흉통 6례, 호흡곤란이 3례, 기절이 1례였다. 4) 자문후 최종진단이 가능했던 91례를 진단별(총 97 진단명)로 나누어 보면 고혈압이 28례, 부정맥이 16례, 허혈성 심질환이 14례, 판막질환이 11례, 순환기질환이 아닌경우가 19래였다. 이들중 추적진료가 필요하다고 응답한 경우가 57례였으나 순환기내과 외래에 1번이상 추적진료한 경우는 32례(56%)로 환자의 순응도는 낮았다. 결론 : 순환기내과의 자문의뢰는 고령자에게 많았고 수술과 관련된 경우가 많았으며 심전도의 이상이 의뢰이유로 가장 많았으며 진단별로는 고혈압과 부정맥이 가장 많았다. 그리고 순환기적인문제로 수술을 받지 못한 경우는 드물었고 자문후 지속적인 추적진료를 위해 환자의 교육이 필요하겠다. Objective : Clinical characteristics of the patients with cardiovascular diseases in the general hospital have been changed and prevalance of co-existing cardiovascular disease in the patients who were admitted for non-cardiac diseases has been increased remarkably as the proportion of elderly patients increased rapidly in Korea. We evaluated clinical features of the patients consulted for cardiological evaluation and effectiveness of the consultation in the setting of tertiary general hospital, Kyungpook University Hospital. Method : One hundred patients were studied between January 1995 and January 1996. They were evaluated for the reason of consultation, final diagnosis, final recommendation from cardiologists and its impact on the management of the patients, and compliance of the consulting departments. Results : 1) The ages ranged between 15 and 89 (mean 58±16, median 61) years, 57 patients were male and 43 female. Fifty seven patients were older than 60 years. 2) Consultations from surgical parts were 75 patients. Consultation from general surgery was most frequent (26%), followed by other divisions of internal medicine (12%), neurosurgery (12%) and orthopedic surgery (11%), chest surgery (11%), neurology (11%), obstetrics and gynecology (8%), urology (4%), ophthalmology (2%), dermatology (2%), ENT (1%). Among 75 patients from surgical parts, operation was done on 58 patients, including 13 emergency cases. Preoperative cardiac risk evaluation was the reason of consultation in thirty eight patients, of which operation could not be done in only 2 patients (one had severe ischemic heart disease, the other large pericardial disease). Interval between consultation day and operation day was 6±4 days (1-6 days). 3) Reasons for cardiac consultation were electrocardiographic (ECG) abnormalities in 36 patients, high blood pressure in 20 patients, previous cardiovascular diseases in 17 patients, symptoms of the patients in 10 patients. Among EGG abnormalities, arrhythmias was the reason in 18 patients, abnormal Q waves in 6 patients, ST-T segment abnormalities in 5 patients, bundle branch block in 3 patients. Among previous cardiovascular disease, presence of ischemic heart disease was the reason in 6 patients, previous hypertension in 4 patients. Chest pain was the reason of the consultation in 6 patients, dyspnea in 3 patients, syncope in 1 patient. 4) Definite diagnoses could be made in 91 patients with 96 diagnoses which were hypertension and its complications in 28, arrhythmia with underlying disease in 16, ischemic heart disease in 14. valvular heart disease in 11, non-cardiovascular disease in 19. Cardiological follow up was recommended in 57 patients. However, 25 patients (44%) were lost to follow-up. Conclusion : Cardiological consultation was frequent in the elderly patients. Most frequent reason for consultation was EGG abnormalities. Hypertension or arrhythmia was most common final diagnosis. Inoperability due to cardiovascular problems were rare.

위암 환자의 복강내 투여를 위한 Activated Charcoal-Alginate Bead 제형으로부터 Mitomycin C의 용출 거동

이진호,최선웅,서중기,김동민,정경수,오정연,김진향,노승무,민병무,김용백,김창식,박근성,강대영,송규상,양준묵,조준식,정현용,김학용,인현빈 충남대학교 의과대학 지역사회의학연구소 1998 충남의대잡지 Vol.25 No.1

Locoregional recurrence is the most common type of recurrence in surgical operation of gastric adenocarcinoma, and peritoneal dissemination is one of the most difficult problems in advanced gastric adenocarcinoma treatment. Because the peritoneal cavity is the most common site of the first recurrence after gastric cancer resection, intraperitoneal chemotherapy seems a logical choice for cancer chemotherapy. In this study, Mitomycin C (MMC)-activated charcoal (CH)-alginate (ALG) beads were prepared by the mixtures of CH particles adsorbed with MMC as an anti-cancer drug and aqueous alginate solution. The alginate is recognized as biodegradable, nontoxic, and biocompatible. The release of MMC from the beads in 0.1 M Tris buffer was stable and continuous until about 1 week. The MMC-CH-ALG beads can be applied in the peritoneal cavity for intraperitoneal chemotherapy since they provide a good adhesiveness on the tissue and controlled release pattern of the drugs.

영어교실에서 교사와 학생간의 상호 대화 촉진 방안

신용진 대한언어학회 1999 언어학 Vol.7 No.1

Shin, Yong Jin. 1999. The Interaction of Teacher-Talk and Student-Talk in the Foreign Language Classroom. Linguistics, 7-1, 283-303. The instructions of the English teacher provided few opportunities for student-to-teacher or student-to-student communication. The result was minimal student/teacher interaction directed toward promoting communication skills -- not unidirectional instruction. Successful language acquisition cannot be explained, it must be experiencd. Reciprocal student/teacher interaction promotes this. Creating a dynamic social environment in the classroom requires use of visual aids, including multimedia materials, graded to the students' level. First, basic communication must be established between student and teacher. Second, encouragement of interactive questions relating to required text material, as well as visual/multimedia presentations, will help provide opportunities for student/teacher interaction. (Chosbuk National University)

유자과즙을 이용한 식초제조

김용택,서권일,정용진,이용수,심기환 동아시아식생활학회 1997 동아시아식생활학회지 Vol.7 No.3

To enhance the utility value of citron, vinegars were made of citron juice, their properities were investigated, the results are as following. Optimum bacteria was Acetobacter sp. PA 97 for the citron vinegar fermentation, optimum temperature, initial acidity and alcohol concentration were 30℃, 1.5% and 8%, respectively. The lower citron juice was added, the more citric acid was produced, the acidity of sample added sub-nutrition source was higher than that of sample no added. In samples added citron juice of 10, 20 and 30%, and sub-nutrition source, total acidity were 5.42, 5.36 and 5.04%, pure acetic acid yields were 52.69, 45.25 and 35.10%, respectively. Remained alcohol of sample no added sub-nutrition source was more than that of added. In the sensory test, the most suitable concentration of citron juice for vinegar fermentation was 30%.

재무분석가의 낙관주의가 walkdown에 미치는 영향과 예측어려움의 조절효과

곽상진(Kwak, Sang-Jin),조용언(Cho, Yong-Eon),하순금(Ha, Soon-Gum) 한국경영교육학회 2020 경영교육연구 Vol.35 No.5

[연구목적] 본 연구는 재무분석가의 낙관주의 동기 유인이 예측 walkdown에 미치는 영향을 인지심리적 측면에서 검증하고 예측어려움이 높을수록 재무분석가의 낙관주의 동기유인이 예측 walkdown을 보다 강화하는지를 분석하였다. [연구방법] 이를 위해 재무분석가의 낙관주의 동기 유인과 예측어려움과 관련된 국내외 선행연구에 관한 문헌을 바탕으로 실증분석에 필요한 가설을 설정하였다. 가설 검증에 사용된 표본은 2011년부터 2016년까지 유가증권 시장의 상장기업 중 820개의 기업-연도표본이다. 재무분석가 이익예측자료와 재무자료는 Kis-Value에서 수집하였다. 수집된 자료를 바탕으로 Bradshaw et al.(2016)가 제시한 연구모형에 대한 회귀분석을 실시하였다. [연구결과] 본 연구의 분석결과는 첫째, 재무분석가의 낙관주의 동기 유인이 클수록 예측walkdown이 커지는 것으로 나타났다. 둘째, 예측어려움이 높을수록 재무분석가의 낙관주의 동기 유인이 예측walkdown을 강화하는 것으로 나타났다. 이는 재무분석가의 지향성 있는 결론에 대한 낙관주의 동기 유인이 클수록 매출액과 영업이익의 walkdown이 커지며, 이 과정에서 예측어려움이 조절작용을 하고 있음을 의미한다. [연구의 시사점] 본 연구는 낙관적 예측 편의가 존재하는 재무분석가의 보고서를 이용하는 시장참여자들이 합리적 판단을 할 수 있는 근거를 제공하고 재무분석가의 낙관적 예측편의에서 파생되는 시장의 부정적인 영향을 사전에 차단할 수 있는 정책수립의 근거를 제공하는데 시사점을 준다. [Purpose] This study examines the pattern of analysts’ forecasts within a fiscal year, which begins with optimism and declines as the earnings announcement date approaches, and also does that one factors, forecasting difficulty, interact with analysts’ incentives for optimism to induce cross-sectional variation in the steepness of forecast walkdown. [Methodology] As follows are univariate t-test and multivariate regressions results from a sample of 820 firm-years listed in Korea Exchange between 2011 and 2016. [Findings] The general association between analysts’ incentives for optimism and forecast walkdown is supported by empirical evidence. In addition, it is supported that as difficulty is higher, forecast walkdown becomes steeper. [Implications] This result means that analysts begin with optimism to react to motivation for a directional conclusion at the beginning of the year, adjust downward their forecast to react to motivation for accuracy as the earnings announcement date approaches. In addition, this means forecasting difficulty is in the highest at longer forecast horizons, it declines with the release of information during the year. Then, based on Kunda’s(1990) work, the biased accessing of information to support optimistic forecasts declines, leading to a forecast walkdown.