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Challenge to Future Displays: Transparent AM-OLED driven by PEALD grown ZnO TFT
Ko Park, Sang-Hee,Hwang, Chi-Sun,Byun, Chun-Won,Ryu, Min-Ki,Lee, Jeong-Ik,Chu, Hye-Yong,Cho, Kyoung-Ik,Chae, Jang-Youl,Han, Se-Jin The Korean Infomation Display Society 2007 建設技術情報 Vol.2007 No.8
We have fabricated 3.5” transparent AM-OLED panel driven by PEALD grown ZnO TFT. The performance of ZnO thin film transistor was improved by adapting top gate structure, protection layer for ZnO from photolithography process, optimizing temperature and plasma power of ZnO growth process. The ZnO-TFT has a mobility of <TEX>$8.9cm^2/V.s$</TEX>, a subthreshold swing of 0.95V, and an on/off ratio of <TEX>$10^7$</TEX>.
Jin Sun Yoon,Hee Jung Jeon,Sam Soon Cho,Jae Do Lee,Kyung Oh Kang,Sang Wook Ryu,Hong Seok Ko 대한마취통증의학회 2011 Korean Journal of Anesthesiology Vol.61 No.5
Background: The major disadvantage of rocuronium is the withdrawal movement associated with its injection. The analgesic effect of perioperative gabapentin has been evaluated. We investigated the effects of gabapentin on the withdrawal movement induced by rocuronium injection. Methods: 86 ASA physical status I or II patients, aged 18-69 years who were scheduled to undergo elective surgery with general anesthesia were enrolled. Patients were randomly allocated into two groups to receive either gabapentin 600 mg or placebo 2 hours prior to surgery. The patient’s response to rocuronium injection was graded using a 4-point scale. Results: The incidence of withdrawal movement after rocuronium administration was significantly lower in the gabapentin group (55.0% in the control group vs 28.6% in the gabapentin group). The number of patients with generalized response indicating severe pain, was 9 (22.5%) in the control group and 3 (7.1%) in the gabapentin group. Conclusions: Pretreatment with a single oral dose of gabapentin 600 mg reduced the incidence and severity of withdrawal movement after rocuronium administration.
Development of Nutrient Solution for in vitro Propagation of ‘M9’ Apple Rootstock Plantlets
Sang-Min Ko,Jin-Hui Lee,Myung-Min Oh 한국원예학회 2018 원예과학기술지 Vol.36 No.2
This study was conducted to evaluate the performance of a newly-developed nutrient solution for apple plantlets (NAP) and to determine the proper electrical conductivity (EC) for the acclimation and growth of in vitro apple plantlets (IAP) in a closed-type plant production system to produce virus-free apple seedlings. IAP treated with pre-acclimation for one week were transplanted to a deep flow technique system supplied with several different concentrations (EC 0.5, 1.0, 2.0 and 3.0 dS·m<SUP>-1</SUP>) of Hoagland nutrient solution (HN) and NAP. Some of the NAP treatments with EC 0.5 dS·m-1 (NAP0.5) were increased to EC 2.0 dS·m<SUP>-1</SUP> at two (NAPex2) and four weeks (NAPex4) of transplanting. IAP were acclimated gradually under reduced relative humidity (RH, 90%-80%-60% at two weeks interval), air temperature at 25°C, 60 μmol·m<SUP>-2</SUP>·s<SUP>-1</SUP> of PPFD (fluorescent lamps), and a 16-hour light period for six weeks after transplanting. The survival rates tended to decrease with increasing EC levels in both HN and NAP. Although there was no significant difference between the shoot growth characteristics of HN and NAP, root growth characteristics of NAP was significantly higher at four weeks after transplanting. Shoot and root growth characteristics of the lowest EC (0.5 dS·m<SUP>-1</SUP>) were high at the initial acclimation stage and tended to increase with higher EC levels at the later acclimation stage. In both NAPex2 and NAPex4, the growth rate tended to increase after increasing the EC level, but the growth rate of NAPex2 decreased at four weeks after transplanting. The mineral contents of HN and NAP treatments were slightly different but the mineral absorption rate remained constant. These results suggest that if NAP is supplied at the proper EC level according to acclimation stage, it can alleviate the poor root development of IAP and contribute to successful acclimation.
Characterization of Surface Properties of Hygiene Paper by Fractal Dimension Analysis Technique
Sang-Hyup Lee,Hyoung-Jin Kim,Young-Chan Ko,Jin-Hee Lee,Jung-Yoon Park,Byoung-Geun Moon,Jong-Moon Park 한국펄프·종이공학회 2017 펄프.종이技術 Vol.49 No.6
Surface properties of paper include the surface roughness component and the surface friction component. The former component is topographical in nature while the latter is mechanical. Using a surface tester (Model: KES-SESRU, Kato Tech, Japan) with a single U-tube wire stylus, both the surface roughness and the surface friction data can be obtained simultaneously. This instrument is a contact type where the stylus touches the surface to collect 200 data points per 20 mm (or 10 points/mm) scan, corresponding to a space distance of 100 μm between two adjacent points. The data of 10 points/mm was found to be insufficient to use the variogram method for fractal dimension (FD) analysis. By connecting a logger to the instrument, 100 data points/mm, corresponding to the space distance of 10 μm, were obtained. This number was sufficient for the FD analysis of SMD (the mean deviation from the roughness average, Ra) and the MMD (the mean deviation from the mean coefficient of surface friction, MIU). Surface characteristics of six commercial toilet paper samples were examined in the present study. The results showed that the SMD had a very high correlation with the MMD, indicating that these two are closely related to each other. Meanwhile, correlation between the FD values of the SMD and the MMD was very poor. A systematic examination should be performed to explain the poor correlation. Nevertheless, it looks promising that the FD analysis technique can be applied for characterizing the surface properties of hygiene paper using a contact type surface tester such as Kawabata surface tester.
Sang-Chul Han,Na-Jin Kang,Weon-Jong Yoon,Sejin Kim,Min-Chull Na,Young-Sang Koh,Jin-Won Hyun,Nam-Ho Lee,Mi-Hee Ko,Hee-Kyoung Kang,Eun-Sook Yoo 한국독성학회 2016 Toxicological Research Vol.32 No.2
Allergic skin inflammation such as atopic dermatitis is characterized by skin barrier dysfunction, edema, and infiltration with various inflammatory cells. The anti-inflammatory effects of Apo-9"-fucoxanthinone, isolated from Sargassum muticum, have been described in many diseases, but the mechanism by which it modulates the immune system is poorly understood. In this study, the ability of Apo-9"-fucoxanthinone to suppress allergic reactions was investigated using a mouse model of atopic dermatitis. The Apo-9"-fucoxanthinone-treated group showed significantly decreased immunoglobulin E in serum. Also, Apo-9"-fucoxanthinone treatment resulted in a smaller lymph node size with reduced the thickness and length compared to the induction group. In addition, Apo-9"-fucoxanthinone inhibited the expression of interleukin-4, interferon-gamma and tumor necrosis factor-alpha by phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate and ionomycin-stimulated lymphocytes. These results suggest that Apo-9"-fucoxanthinone may be a useful therapeutic strategy for treating chronic inflammatory diseases.
( Ko Eun Lee ),( Ramalingam Radhakrishnan ),( Sang Mo Kang ),( Young Hyun You ),( Gil Jae Joo ),( In Jung Lee ),( Jae Hwan Ko ),( Jin Ho Kim ) 한국미생물 · 생명공학회 2015 Journal of microbiology and biotechnology Vol.25 No.9
The use of microbial extracts containing plant hormones is a promising technique to improve crop growth. Little is known about the effect of bacterial cell-free extracts on plant growth promotion. This study, based on phytohormonal analyses, aimed at exploring the potential mechanisms by which Enterococcus faecium LKE12 enhances plant growth in oriental melon. A bacterial strain, LKE12, was isolated from soil, and further identified as E. faecium by 16S rDNA sequencing and phylogenetic analysis. The plant growth-promoting ability of an LKE12 bacterial culture was tested in a gibberellin (GA)-deficient rice dwarf mutant (waito-C) and a normal GA biosynthesis rice cultivar (Hwayongbyeo). E. faecium LKE12 significantly improved the length and biomass of rice shoots in both normal and dwarf cultivars through the secretion of an array of gibberellins (GA1, GA3, GA7, GA8, GA9, GA12, GA19, GA20, GA24, and GA53), as well as indole-3-acetic acid (IAA). To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study indicating that E. faecium can produce GAs. Increases in shoot and root lengths, plant fresh weight, and chlorophyll content promoted by E. faecium LKE12 and its cell-free extract inoculated in oriental melon plants revealed a favorable interaction of E. faecium LKE12 with plants. Higher plant growth rates and nutrient contents of magnesium, calcium, sodium, iron, manganese, silicon, zinc, and nitrogen were found in cell-free extract-treated plants than in control plants. The results of the current study suggest that E. faecium LKE12 promotes plant growth by producing GAs and IAA; interestingly, the exogenous application of its cell-free culture extract can be a potential strategy to accelerate plant growth.