중재 시술용 기능성 기관-기관지 팬텀의 유용성

김태형(Tae-Hyung Kim),임청환(Cheong-Hwan Lim),김정구(Jeong-Koo Kim),김명수(Myeong-Soo Kim),최원찬(Won-Chan Choi),임진오(Jin-Oh Lim),이광종(Kwang-Jong Lee),박인애(In-Ae Park),김미옥(Mi-Ok Kim),정은미(Eun-Mi Jung),신령미(Ryung-Mi Shin) 대한방사선과학회(구 대한방사선기술학회) 2003 방사선기술과학 Vol.26 No.4

중재 시술용 기능성 기관-기관지 팬텀을 제작하고, 스텐트 삽입술을 시행하여 그 유용성을 평가하고자 한다. 중재 시술용 기능성 기관-기관지 팬텀은 실리콘으로 제작하였으며, 기관을 통하여 스텐트 삽입술이 가능하도록 삽입구를 제작하였다. 팬텀은 지점토를 이용하여 인체와 동일한 형태로 기관, 기관지 분지부와 양쪽 상부 기관지를 재현하였고, 사각형의 틀에 지점토를 고정시킨 후 액상의 실리콘을 채워 건조시킨 후 지점토를 제거하여 제작하였다. 인체, 동물, 팬텀에서 기관지스텐트 삽입 후 흉부 촬영 필름의 농도와 기관지 분지부의 각도를 측정하여 비교하였다. 기관지스텐트는 세선의 교차가 다른 2가지(X-type, Y-type) 형태를 삽입하였으며, 스텐트 삽입술 후 기관 상부, 기관 분지부, 좌기관지, 우기관지, 스텐트 삽입부의 필름농도를 측정하였다. 필름농도는 기관 상부의 경우, 인체 0.76(±0.011), 동물 0.97(±0.015), 팬텀 0.45(±0.016)이었고, 기관 분지부의 경우는 인체 0.51(±0.006), 동물 0.65(±0.005), 팬텀 0.65(±0.OO8)이었고, 우기관지의 경우는 인체 0.14(±0.OO8), 동물 0.59(±0.014), 팬텀 0.04(±0.007)이었고, 좌기관지의 경우는 인체 0.54(±0.004), 동물 0.54(±O.008)로 팬텀 0.08(±0.OO8)이었고, 스텐트 삽입부의 경우는 인체 0.54(±0.004), 동물 0.59(±0.011), 팬텀 0.04(±0.007)이었다. 기관 분지부가 이루는 각도는 인체의 좌기관지에서 42.6(±2.07)˚, 우기관지에시 32.8(±2.77)˚이었으며, 동물에서 각각 43.4(±2.40)˚, 34.6(±1.94)˚, 팬텀에서 각각 35(±2.00)˚, 50.2(±1.30)˚이었다. 본 연구팀이 제작한 기관-기관지 팬텀은 기관지 스텐트 삽입술의 재현이 가능하여 중재시술의 술기연습용이나 스텐트를 평가하기 위한 체외실험에 사용이 가능할 것으로 사료된다. To evaluate usefulness of a functional tracheobronchial phantom for interventional procedure. The functional phantom was made as a actual size with human normal anatomy used silicone and a paper clay mold. A tracheobronchial-shape clay mold was placed inside a square box and liquid silicone was poured. After the silicone was formed, the clay was removed. We measured film density and tracheobronchial angle at the human, animal and phantom, respectively. The film density of trachea part were O.76(±O.O11) in human, O.97(±O.015) in animal, O.45(±O.O16) in phantom. The tracheobronchial bifurcation part measured O.51(±O.OO6) in human, O.65(±O.OO5) in animal, O.65(±O.008) in phantom. The right bronchus part measured O.14(±0.008) in human, O.59(±0.014) in animal and O.O4(±O.OO7) in phantom. The left bronchus were O.54(±O.004) in human, O.54 (±0.008) in animal and O.08(±0.008) in phantom. At the stent part were O.54(±O.004) in human, O.59(±0.011) in animal and O.04(±0.007) in phantom, respectively. The tracheobronchial angle of the left bronchus site were 42.6(± 2.07)˚ in human, 43.4(±2.4O)˚ in animal and 35(±2.00)˚ in phantom, respectively. The right bronchus site were 32.8(±2.77)˚ in human, 34.6(±1.94)˚ in animal and 50.2(±1.30)˚ in phantom, respectively. The phantom was useful for in-vitro testing of tracheobronchial interventional procedure, since it was easy to reproduce.

經穴의 艾灸生體反應이 失血性貧血에 미치는 影響

李殷洪,박인규,임종국,김진택 東國大學校韓醫學硏究所 1992 東國韓醫學硏究所論文集 Vol.1 No.-

In order to observe the effects of moxibustion on anemic condition as a acute loss of blood, white rats were induced loss of blood by cadiac puncture. And then morphologically variation of The Bone Marrow was observed the following points of each rat were used : Shinsu(B23 or Ⅶ23), Hyeonjong(GB39 or XI39), and complex of shinsu(B23 or Ⅶ23) and Hyeon Jong(GB39 or XI39) Comparing these above method with the control group the results were as follow: 1. Moxibustion in Shinsu have an influence on activation of Normoblast and do for hematosis function of bone marrow 2. Formation ability of R·B·C(Red Blood Cell)turn up order a list of Mocibustion in Shinsu(B23 or Ⅶ23), Moxibustion in conplex of Shinsu(B23 or Ⅶ23) and Hyeon Jong(GB39 or XI39), moxibus-tion in Hyeon Jong(GB39 or XI39) 3. Moxibustion in complex of Shinsu(B23 or Ⅶ23) and Hyeon Jong(GB39 or XI39) moderately increase Megakaryocyte

개 시상하부의 Neuropeptides에 대한 면역조직화학적 연구

장인엽,정윤영,김종중,문정석,김준수,모근석,임용,유호진 朝鮮大學校 附設 醫學硏究所 1996 The Medical Journal of Chosun University Vol.21 No.1

The distribution and localization of somatostatin(SOM), neuropeptide Y(NPY), vasopressin(VP), and oxytocin(OT) were studied with a immunohistochemical technique in the canine hypothalamus. The SOM-immunoreactive perikarya were concentrated in the anterior periventricular and the arcuate nuclei. Immunoreactive terminals were observed in the arcuate, the ventromedial hypothalamic, the suprachismatic nuclei and the external layer of the median emmence. A great number of NPY-immunoreactive cell bodies were found in the arcuate nucleus and NPY fibers were located throughout the hypothalamus with the highest concentration especially in the paraventricular (PVN) and the acuate nuclei. Moderately or densely stained fibers were also observed in the median eminence, the suprachiasmatic. the periventricular, the ventromedial hypothalamic, the dorsomedial hypothalamic and the medial preoptic nuclei, and the stria terminalis. Both VP-and OT-containing perikarya were found mainly in the PVN and supraoptic nucleus(SON). but a few were seen in the perifornical area, the lateral hypothalamus, the dorsal hypothalamic and the periventricular nucleus. The fibers originated from the PVN were projected to the SON via ventral or dorsal area of the fornix.

중증 태변착색아의 예후판정에 있어 태아 심박자궁수축 검사의 유용성

김종화,이병익,박지현,노인화,임영구,송은섭,임문환 대한산부인과학회 2000 Obstetrics & Gynecology Science Vol.43 No.12

목적 : 분만 진통중 중증의 태변착색을 보인 임신에서 신생아의 예후를 예측하는데 있어 태아 심박자궁수축 검사가 유용성이 있는지 연구하고자 하였다. 연구 방법 : 1996년 10월부터 1999년 6월까지 인하대병원 산부인과에서 분만한 출생아 4,623명중 중증의 태변착색이 있었던 130명을 대상으로 하였다. 분만진통 1기중 활성기동안 최소 30분이상 2회이상 태아 심박자궁수축 검사(Corometrics사 145)를 시행하여 반응성, 태아 심박수 감소, 심박동간 변이의 감소등을 분석하여 신생아의 예후와 비교하였다. 산모와 신생아의 임상기록, 태아 심박자궁수축 검사 기록을 후향적으로 비교분석하였다. 통계적 분석은 SAS 컴퓨터 프로그램으로 하였다. 결과 : 1. 총 출생아 4,623명중 중증 태변 착색의 빈도는 130예로 2.8%였다. 2. 중증 태변착색된 임신에서 산과적 특징은 초산모가 70%로 높은 빈도를 보였고, 수술적 분만 즉, 제왕절개술과 흡입 분만이 61.6%로 높은 빈도를 보였다. 3. 중증 태변착색된 임신에서 신생아 예후가 불량한 경우는 130명중 25명으로 19.2%였다. 4. 분만 진통중 비정상 태아심박동이 중증의 태변유출과 동반되었을 때 신생아 예후가 불량하였다(88%). 특히 만기 태아 심박동 감소와 심박동간 변이 감소가 중증의 태변 유출과 동반시 각각 87.5%와 78.6%에서 불량한 신생아 예후와 관계되었다(odds ratio 19.6vs 30.8). 결론 : 분만 진통중 중증의 태변착색을 보인 임신에서 태아 심박자궁수축 검사가 분만후 신생아의 예후를 예측하는데 많은 도움을 줄 수 있을 것으로 사료된다. 특히 만기 태아 심박동 감소와 심박동간 변이의 감소가 중증의 태변착색과 동반되면 고위험군으로 간주하여 적절한 치료가 이루어져야할 것으로 생각된다. Objectives : The purpose of this study was to investigate the efficacy of intrapartal fetal cardiotocogram for prediction of adverse neonatal outcome in pregnancy with thick meconium stained amniotic fluid during labor. Methods : This study included 130 pregnant women with intrapartal thick meconium stained amniotic fluid among 4,623 pregnant wemen admitted to the department of obstetrics and gynecology, Inha University hospital from October 1, 1996 to June 30, 1999. We analyzed the fetal heart rate(FHR) tracing at least two 30-minute segments whenever possible during the active phase of first stage. Neonates were considered to have adverse outcome if they were required oxygen support, had low 5minute apgar score($lt;7) and significant complications such as sepsis, aspiration pneumonia, seizure in first 24hours. These data were examined retrospectively the maternal and neonatal in-hospital chart, electronic FHR monitoring strips and recorded data. The data were analyzed by SAS computer program. Results : 1)The overall incidence of thick meconium stained amniotic fluid among total birth was 2.8%. 2)The obstetric characteristics in thick meconium stained pregnancies were high incidence of primigravity(70%) and operative delivery(61.6%) such as cesarean section, vacuum extraction. 3)The incidence of adverse neonatal outcome in thick meconium stained pregnancy was 19.2%. 4)The patients in whom abnormal fetal heart rate patterns accompany the passage of thick meconium had high incidence of adverse neonatal outcome (88%). Especially, late deceleration and decreased beat to beat variability were related adverse neonatal outcome(odds ratio 19.6 vs 30.8). Conclusion : We suggested that intrapartal fetal cardiotocogram was one of the useful methods for prediction of adverse neonatal outcome in thick meconium stained amniotic fluid. Especially, late deceleration and decreased beat to beat variability accompany the passage of thick meconium was considered high risk conditions and required careful interventions.

한의진단명과 진단요건의 표준화 연구 III : 3차년도 연구결과 보고

최선미,양기상,최승훈,박경모,박종현,심범상,김성우,노석선,이인선,정진홍,이진용,김달래,임형호,김윤범,박성식,송태원,김종우,이승기,최윤정,신순식 한국한의학연구원 1997 한국한의학연구원논문집 Vol.3 No.1

The diagnostic requirements were suggested and explained regarding the systems of differentiation of symptoms and signs in the third year study of standardization and unification of the terms and conditions used for diagnosis in oriental medicine. The systems were as follows : - analyzing and differentiating of epidemic febrile disease - analyzing and differentiating in accordance with the Sasang constitution medicine based on four-type recognition - differentiation of disease according to pathological changes of Chong and Ren channels - standards for diagnosis of women's disease - standards for diagnosis of children's disease - standards for diagnosis of motor and sensor disturbance (-muscle. born, joint, etc.) - standards for diagnosis of neuropsychiatric disease - standards for diagnosis of five sense organ disease - standards for diagnosis of external disease The indivisual diagnosis pattern was arranged by the diagnostic requirements in the following order : another name, notion of diagnosis pattern, index of differentiation of symptoms and signs, the main point of diagnosis, analysis of diagnosis pattern, discrimination of diagnosis pattern, prognosis, a way of curing a disease, prescription, herbs in common use, disease appearing the diagnosis pattern, documents. The standards for diagnosis of each disease was arranged by the diagnostic requirements in the following order : another name, notion of disease, the main point of diagnosis, analyzing and differentiating of disease, analysis of disease, discrimination of disease, prognosis, a way of curing and prescription of disease, disease in western medicine appearing the disease in oriental medicine, documents.

직무중심임금시스템 채택 기업의 운영 효율성에 대한 탐색적 연구

박양규 ( Yang Kyu Park ),이동임 ( Dong Im Lee ),김종인 ( Jong In Kim ),임알비나 ( Al Bi Na Lim ) 한독경상학회 2008 經商論叢 Vol.26 No.4

국내 기업들은 글로벌화 된 환경에서 경쟁력 강화를 위해 연공 중심에서 탈피하여 직무와 성과 중심의 HR시스템을 도입하고 있다. 이런 직무중심의 HR시스템을 잘 보여주는 대표적인 예가 직무급 임금시스템이다. 그러나 직무급은 관심에 비해 깊이 있는 연구가 이루어지고 있지 않고 있다. 더욱이 직무급관련 연구의 고도화와 운영의 효율성을 확보하기 위해 요구되는 현황에 대한 상세한 조사가 결핍되어 있다. 따라서 본 연구는 국내 기업의 직무급 관련 시스템도입에 대한 심도 있는 현황조사를 통해 직무급과 연공급을 활용하는 기업의 직무 및 임금관리에서의 차이와 성과관리시스템에서의 차이를 살펴보고자 한다. 먼저, 직무급 기업과 연공급 기업의 직무 및 임금관리의 차이를 알아보기 위해 직무기술서 및 직무평가결과 활용의 효과성이라는 측면과 자동승급폐지의 효과성 측면을 조사하였다. 연구결과 직무기술서와 자동승급폐지에 대한 효과성에서 직무급운영기업이 통계적으로 유의한 높은 효과를 보이는 것으로 나타났다. 성과관리시스템 측면에서의 차이 분석을 위해 두 집단의 MBO, 역량평가, BSC 활용에 대한 효과성 수준을 분석한 결과 역량평가 활용에 대한 효과성에서만 직무급 기업의 수준이 유의적으로 높게 나타나는 결과를 보였다. Facing environmental challenges, recently job based pay system is spotlighted in korean firms. However, there have not been in-depth studies regarding the status quo of JBP (job based pay system). This study is engaged in exploratory research for testing two research questions, whether job/pay/performance management under the JBP comparing SBP (seniority based pay system) are managed more effectively. Data are obtained from 1:1 in-depth interviews with 200 HR managers August to October, 2006. All items to measure the perception level of respondents are designed on a five-point scale: 1 point for very strongly disagree to 5 points for very strongly agree. Multiple items for measuring each variable are used in this study. Anova in SPSS Ver. 15 adopted to test the research questions. The results indicate that the firms with JBP are operated more effectively on the job/pay/performance management system based on job/organization design than those with SBP in parts. In particular, the test results show that the variance difference between two groups in the three aspects (the effectiveness of using job description and of annulment of pay increase based on seniority and of competency assessment) is statistically significant. Using a larger sample for future study would improve the possibility of generality of the research findings. It could be suggested as a future agenda that building up a structured model reduces the characteristics of an exploratory research.

고식적 체외수정시술과 난자 세포질내 정자주입술에 의해 태어난 아이의 주산기 결과 및 선천성 기형 발생빈도의 비교 연구

임정은,유근재,이종표,이문섭,현우영,전진현,홍수정,송지홍,송인옥,백은찬,최범채,손일표,궁미경,강인수,전종영,박인서,Lim, Jeong-Eun,Yoo, Keun-Jai,Lee, Jong-Pyo,Lee, Moon-Seob,Hyun, Woo-Young,Jun, Jin-Hyun,Hong, Soo-Jeong,Song, Ji-Hong,Song, In-Ok,Paik, 대한생식의학회 1998 Clinical and Experimental Reproductive Medicine Vol.25 No.3

The safety of ICSI as a novel procedure of assisted fertilization may be assessed by the health of the baby born. In order to evaluate the safety of ICSI, perinatal outcome and congenital anomaly of the babies born after ICSI were compared with those of babies born after IVF (control group). We analysed the clinical data from the obstetric and pediatric records, including the information obtained through telephone. The results are as follows; Mean gestational age $({\pm}SEM)$ and birth weight in singleton pregnancy were $38.8{\pm}1.9$ weeks and $3209.7{\pm}501.9gm$ in IVF group, $39.0{\pm}2.2$ weeks and $3289.9{\pm}479.5gm$ in ICSI group, respectively. Mean gestational age and birth weight in twins were $36.8{\pm}2.1$ weeks and $2512.8{\pm}468.0gm$ in IVF group, $36.5{\pm}2.8$ weeks and $2492.7{\pm}537.1gm$ in ICSI group. In IVF group, perinatal mortality rates were 8.5 in singletons and 56.6 in twins; for the ICSI singletons and ICSI twins, the perinatal mortality rates were 11.6 and 49.0, respectively. The incidence of congenital malformations was 3.6% (8/224) in IVF group and 2.1% (4/188) in ICSI group, there was no statistical difference (p>0.05, Fisher's exact test). The incidence of major congenital anomalies was 0.9% (2/224; pulmonary artery hypoplasia, renal cystic dysplasia) in IVF group and 1.1% (2/188; holoprosencephaly, Cri du chat syndrome) in ICSI groups (p>0.05, Fisher's exact test). Similarly, there was no significant difference in incidence of minor congenital anormalies 2.7% (6/224) in IVF group and 1.1% (2/188) in ICSI group respectively (p>0.05, Fisher's exact test). In conclusion, there was no difference in the perinatal outcome and the incidence of congenital anomalies between the babies born after ICSI and those after conventional IVF.

치과 임플랜트를 이용한 보철수복시 자연지대치와의 연결형태에 따른 응력의 광탄성학적 분석

林鍾和,李文嶺,曺仁鎬 단국대학교 치의학연구소 1992 논문집 Vol.4 No.-

The connection between natural tooth abutment and implant has been studied with various methods. This study compared the stress distribution during the function of four prosthesis with variant connection modalities design between natural tooth abutment and implant fixture. The four connection types are rigid, non-rigid, telescopic crown and free standing. Each specimen was examined and taken the photograph with 30Kg force. the results were as follows. 1. Generally, the implant fixture has more stress concentration than the natural tooth abutment. 2. The specimens using the free standing type and the telescopic crown connection showed less stress concentration than the other specimen. 3. Although maximum fringe order was not equal, stress distribution of the specimen using rigid connector was similar with that of used telescopic connection. But of the showed even stress distribution at the natural tooth abutment and implant fixture. 4. In the specimen using non-rigid connector, more and wide stress distribution was seen around implant fixture comparing with the other specimen. 5. In case of connecting the implant and natural tooth abutment, using the telescopic crown connection is adventageous in stress distribution, and manintenance of prothesis because of easy removal and reinsertion.

기술적 진화재의 대체모형

임종인,오형식 한국경영과학회 1993 한국경영과학회지 Vol.18 No.3

In this study, a substitution model of the evolutionary generations of technological products is presented. The purpose of the model is to examine the demand side mechanisms which generate successive product life cycles along the path of technological improvements. In the model, the nature of substitution processes is summarized to the demand function which is derived from the consumer's utility maximization problem. To describe the nature of technological substitution processes, the concepts of the vertical differentiation and the consumption externalities are considered in the utility function. The former is used to characterize the result of technological improvement and the latter is used in explaining the inertia of demand. To show the validity of the model, an empirical study is carried out using the data of the world DRAM market.

교정용 미니스크류 식립 시 스크류의 길이, 직경 및 피질골 두께에 따른 응력 분포에 관한 3차원 유한요소법적 연구

임종원,김왕식,김일규,손충렬,변효인 대한치과교정학회 2003 대한치과교정학회지 Vol.33 No.1

본 연구는 교정치료 시 고정원 보강을 위해 사용되는 교정용 미니스크류의 길이, 직경 및 피질골 두께에 따른 응력분포 양상을 알아보기 위하여 시행되었다. 미니스크류의 길이와 직경 변화에 따른 응력 분포 양상을 관찰하기 위하여 식립되는 피질골의 두께를 1.0mm로 고정하고 미니스크류의 길이를 6.0mm, 8.0mm, 10.0mm, 12.0mm로, 직경을 1.2mm, 1.6mm, 2.0mm인 3차원 유한요소 모델을 제작하였다. 또한, 피질골의 두께 변화에 따른 응력 분포 양상을 관찰하기 위하여 미니스크류의 길이를 0.8mm로 고정하고 직경은 1.2mm, 1.6mm, 2.0mm로, 피질골의 두께는 1.0mm, 1.5mm, 2.0mm, 2.5mm인 3차원 유한 요소 모델을 제작하였다. 각각의 유한요소 모델의 미니스크류 head 중심에 200gm의 수평력을 가하여 응력 분포 양상과 크기를 3차원 유한요소 해석 프로그램인 ANSYS응 이용하여 비교한 결과 다음과 같은 결론을 얻었다. 1. 미니스크류 내부에서 나타나는 최대 응력값을 비교한 결과, 미니스크류의 직경이 1.2mm에서 2.0mm로 증가할수록 응력이 감소하였으며 같은 직경에서는 길이 증가에 상관없이 일정한 값을 유지하였다. 2. 피질골 및 해면골에 작용되는 최대 응력값을 비교한 결과, 미니스크류의 직경이 1.2mm에서 2.0mm로 증가할수록 응력이 감소하였으며 같은 직경에서는 길이 증가에 상관없이 일정한 값을 유지하였다. 3. 피질골 및 해면골에 작용되는 응력 분포를 관찰한 결과, 대부분의 응력이 피질골에서 흡수 되었으며, 해면골에 전달되는 응력값은 미미하였다. 4. 피질골 두께에 따른 최대 응력값을 비교한 결과, 같은 미니스크류의 직경에서는 피질골의 두께 증가에 상관없이 일정한 값을 유지하였다. 이상의 결과는 교정용 미니스크류의 유지에 길이보다는 직경이 더 크게 관여하는 것으로 나타나 미니스크류의 식립시 이에 대한 고려가 필요함을 시사하였다. The purpose of the present study is to evaluate the stress distribution on the length and diameter of the miniscrew and cortical bone width. Three dimensional finite element models were made of diameter 1.2mm, 1.6mm, 2.0mm and length 6.0mm, 8.0mm, 10.0mm, 12.0mm and cortical bone width 1.0mm. Also, another three dimensional finite element models were made of diameter 1.2mm, 1.6mm, 2.0mm and length 8.0mm and cortical bone width 1.0mm, 1.5mm, 2.0mm, 2.5mm, Two-hundred grams horizontal force were applied on the center of the miniscrew head and at that stress distribution and its magnitude had been analyzed by ANSYS, which is three dimensional finite element analysis program. The obtained results were as follows : 1. The comparison of the maximum von-Mises stress in the miniscrew showed that as the diameter increases from 1.2mm to 2.0mm stress has been decreased, while on the same diameter stress was not changed regardless of the length change. 2. The comparison of the maximum von-Mises stress in the cortical and cancellous bone showed that as the diameter increases from 1.2mm to 2.0mm stress has been decreased, while on the same diameter stress was not changed regardless of the length change. 3. In the analysis of the stress distribution in the cortical and cancellous bone, the most of the stress had been absorbed in the cortical bone, and did not transmitted much to the cancellous bone. 4. In the analysis of the maximum von-Mises stress according to the cortical bone width, the same diameter of the miniscrew showed a constant stress value regardless of the cortical bone width change. The above results suggest that the maintenance of the miniscrew is more reliable on diameter than length of the miniscrew.