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인공지반조경에 대한 실태 및 선호도 조사 : 수원 영통 신도시 상업용 건물을 중심으로
서주환,이준근,전형석 경희대학교 디자인연구원 2001 예술· 디자인학연구 Vol.4 No.1
It is being difficult to secure open space by glowing rapidly of the artificial ground by high-density of cities. This study researches and analyses actual condition, problems, consciousness and preference of artificial ground about buildings. And it offers base-knowledge and spreads landscape architecture of artificial ground. So deficient open spaces are settled and it tries to use by way of meaning base-research to improve environment of cities. It is possible for this study to grope direction of activation of landscape architecture of artificial ground reflecting positive effect
장세진,고상백,강동묵,김성아,강명근,이철갑,정진주,조정진,손미아,채창호,김정원,김정일,김형수,노상철,박재범,우종민,김수영,김정연,하미나,박정선,이경용,김형렬,공정옥,김인아,김정수,박준호,현숙정,손동국 大韓産業醫學會 2005 대한직업환경의학회지 Vol.17 No.4
Background and Purposes: Over the past three decades, numerous studies performed in Korea have reported that job stress is a determinant risk factor for chronic diseases and work disability. Every society has its own culture and occupational climate particular to their organizations, and hence experiences different occupational stress. An occupational stress measurement tool therefore needs to be developed to estimate it objectively. The purpose of this study is to develop and standardize the Korean Occupational Stress Scale (KOSS) which is considered to be unique and specific occupational stressors in Korean employees. Subjects and Methods: Data were obtained from the National Study for Development and Standardization of Occupational Stress (NSDSOS Project: 2002-2004). A total of 12,631 employees from a nationwide sample proportional to the Korean Standard Industrial Classification and the Korean Standard Occupational Classification were administered. The KOSS was developed for 2 years (2002-2004). In the first year, we collected 255 items from the most popular job stress measurement tools such as JCQ, ERI, NIOSH and OSI, and 44 items derived from the a qualitative study (depth interview). Forty-three items of KOSS, in the second year, were retained for use in the final version of the KOSS by using Delphi and factor analysis. Items were scored using conventional 1-2-3-4 Likert scores for the response categories. Results: We developed eight subscales by using factor analysis and validation process: physical environment (3 items), job demand (8 items), insufficient job control (5 items), interpersonal conflict (4 items), job insecurity (6 items), organizational system (7 items), lack of reward (6 items), and occupational climate (4 items). Together they explained 50.0% of total variance. Internal consistency alpha scores were ranged from 0.51 to 0.82. Twenty-four items of the short form of the KOSS (KOSS-SF) were also developed to estimate job stress in the work setting. Because the levels of the subscales of occupational stress were gender dependent, gender-specific standard norms for both the 43-item full version and the 24-item short form using a quartile for the subscales of KOSS were presented. Conclusion: The results of this study suggest that KOSS might be an appropriate measurement scale to estimate occupational stress of Korean employees. Further and more detailed study needs to be conducted to improve the validity of this scale.
New phenylalkanoids from the rhizome of Cnidium officinalis Makino
Kim Hyoung-Geun,Nguyen Trong Nguyen,Lee Yeong-Geun,Lee Min-Ho,Lee Dae Young,Lee Youn-Hyung,Baek Nam-In 한국응용생명화학회 2021 Applied Biological Chemistry (Appl Biol Chem) Vol.64 No.6
Cnidium officinalis rhizomes were immersed in 80% MeOH. The extract was fractionated to water, n-butanol, and ethyl acetate fractions (Fr). Open column chromatography was repeatedly carried out on n-butanol and ethyl acetate Fr using silica gel, octadecyl silica gel, and Sephadex LH-20 as the stationary phase affording five phenyl alkanoids 1–5 including two new ones. The molecular structures including stereochemistry were decided based on spectroscopic interpretation of nuclear magnetic resonance, mass spectrometry, and infrared spectroscopy as well as chemical reaction. Three known compounds, coniferyl alcohol methyl ether (1), vanillin (2), and coniferyl aldehyde (3), were reported in the beginning for this plant by authors. Two new phenyl alkanoids were named, 7-methoxyeugenol and cnidiumoside.
Anti-Inflammatory Effect of Flavonoids from Brugmansia arborea L. Flowers
( Hyoung-geun Kim ),( Davin Jang ),( Young Sung Jung ),( Hyun-ji Oh ),( Seon Min Oh ),( Yeong-geun Lee ),( Se Chan Kang ),( Dae-ok Kim ),( Dae Young Lee ),( Nam-in Baek ) 한국미생물 · 생명공학회 2020 Journal of microbiology and biotechnology Vol.30 No.2
Brugmansia arborea L. (Solanaceae), commonly known as “angel’s trumpet,” is widely grown in North America, Africa, Australia, and Asia. It has been mainly used for ornamental purposes as well as analgesic, anti-rheumatic, vulnerary, decongestant, and anti-spasmodic materials. B. arborea is also reported to show anti-cholinergic activity, for which many alkaloids were reported to be principally responsible. However, to the best of our knowledge, a phytochemical study of B. arborea flowers has not yet been performed. Four flavonol glycosides (1-4) and one dihydroflavanol (5) were for the first time isolated from B. arborea flowers in this study. The flavonoids showed significant antioxidant capacities, suppressed nitric oxide production in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-treated RAW 264.7 cells, and reduced inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and cyclooxygenase (COX-2) protein production increased by LPS treatment. The contents of compounds 1-4 in n-BuOH fraction were determined to be 3.8 ± 0.9%, 2.2 ± 0.5%, 20.3 ± 1.1%, and 2.3 ± 0.4%, respectively, and that of compound 5 in EtOAc fraction was determined to be 12.7 ± 0.7%, by HPLC experiment. These results suggest that flavonol glycosides (1-4) and dihydroflavanol (5) can serve as index components of B. arborea flowers in standardizing anti-inflammatory materials.
Benzaldehyde as a new class plant growth regulator on Brassica campestris
( Geun Hyoung Choi ),( Jin Ho Ro ),( Byoung Jun Park ),( Deuk Yeong Lee ),( Mi Sun Cheong ),( Dong Yeol Lee ),( Woo Duck Seo ),( Jin Hyo Kim ) 한국응용생명화학회 2016 Journal of Applied Biological Chemistry (J. Appl. Vol.59 No.2
Plant growth regulator is an essential pesticide to date while the available active ingredient is not well understood unlike fungicide, insecticide and herbicide. This study was aimed to evaluate a new chemical class of plant growth regulator, and the total of 92 benzene derivatives were screened for their germination and early stage of the root growth regulation on Brassica campestris. Thirty benzaldehydes, nine acids, one amide, and one ester showed potent root growth inhibitory activity (>70 % inhibition) while only salicylaldehyde showed potent germination inhibition (IC50 = 81.2 mg/L) suggesting that benzaldehyde was a key module candidate for the growth inhibition. Benzaldehydes were further evaluated for root growth inhibition. 2,3-Dihydroxybenzaldehyde and salicylaldehyde showed IC50 values of 8.0 and 83.9 mg/L, respectively. On the other hand, salicylaldehyde, and 2,4,5- trihydroxybenzaldehyde were found to have root growth promotion effects less than 10 mg/L. This result suggests that the benzaldehyde is a new class candidate for plant growth regulator.
Influence of ZnO buffer layer thickness on crystalline quality of ZnO thin film
Geun-Hyoung Lee 한양대학교 세라믹연구소 2012 Journal of Ceramic Processing Research Vol.13 No.S1
The effect of homo-buffer layer thickness on the crystalline quality and the surface roughness of ZnO thin film was investigated. ZnO thin films were prepared on (0001) sapphire substrates with different homo-buffer layer thickness of 20~60 nm by a radio-frequency magnetron sputtering method. The buffer layers were deposited at a substrate temperature of 400 ο C and then main ZnO films were grown on the buffer layers at 600 ο C. For comparison, single-layered ZnO films without buffer layer were prepared at substrate temperatures of 400 ο C and 600 ο C, respectively. Compared to the films without buffer layer, the films with buffer layer exhibited higher crystalline quality and surface smoothness. For the ZnO films with buffer layer, the transmittance spectra exhibited a steep fall-off at 380 nm, which is a characteristic of high quality ZnO film. The highest ZnO film quality was obtained for the film prepared with a buffer layer thickness of 20 nm, from which it is suggested that the crystalline quality and surface smoothness of ZnO film are improved as the buffer layer thickness decreases.
Lee, Geun-Hee,Lee, Zin-Hyoung The Korea Association of Crystal Growth 2002 韓國結晶成長學會誌 Vol.12 No.3
Si-wafers for solar cells were cast in a size of $50{\times}46{\times}0.5{\textrm}{mm}^3$ by vacuum casting method. The graphite mold coated by BN powder, which was to prevent the reaction of carbon with the molten silicon, was used. Without coating, the wetting and reaction of Si melt to graphite mold was very severe. In the case of BN coating, SiC was formed in the shape of tiny islands at the surface of Si wafer by the reaction between Si-melt and carbon of the graphite mold on the high temperature. The grain size was about 1 mm. The efficiency of Si solar cell was lower than that of Si solar cell fabricated on commercial single and poly crystalline Si wafer. The reason of low efficiency was discussed.